新教材2020-2021学年英语人教版（2019）必修第三册学案：UNIT 4 SECTION Ⅰ　LISTENING AND SPEAKINGREADING AND THINKING WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家UNIT 4SPACE EXPLORATIONYang Liwei was born in an ordinary family in Liaoning Province in 1965. He became a pilot in Chinese Air Force in 1987, spending 1,350 hours in the air. He has spent 5 years training to become a spaceman.Yang Liwei was sent into space at 9 am on October 15th, 2

2、003 by Chinas Shenzhou V spacecraft, which orbited the earth 14 times. He landed safely at 6：23 am the next day, making China the third country successfully sending a person into space after the former Soviet Union and the USA.Yang Liwei came back to the earth after a 21hour trip to space. In space

3、Yang recorded everything he saw and showed Chinas national flag and the United Nations flag to the people watching TV at home. All of the Chinese are proud of our first spacemanYang Liwei.开启快乐学习之旅杨利伟1965年出生于辽宁省一个普通家庭。1987年，他成为中国空军的飞行员，在空中飞行了1 350个小时。为了成为一名宇航员，他花了5年时间训练。2003年10月15日上午9点，中国神舟五号宇宙飞船将杨利伟

4、送入太空。神舟五号宇宙飞船绕地球轨道运行了14次。第二天早上6：23他安全着陆，使中国成为继前苏联和美国之后第三个成功将人送入太空的国家。杨利伟经过21小时的太空旅行回到了地球。在太空中，杨利伟记录了他所看到的一切，并向在家看电视的人们展示了中国国旗和联合国国旗。所有的中国人都为我们的第一位宇航员杨利伟感到骄傲。模块核心素养导航主题语境：人与社会主题群：科学与技术语篇类型：记叙文文化知识语言知识(1)词汇知识：intelligent，determine，disappointed，desire，independent，signal，lack，float，otherwise，current，arg

5、ue，pattern，monitor，regular，limited，attach，carry on，on board，in the hope of doing sth.，so as to (do sth.), figure out，result in，as a result，provide for sb.，in closing，run out等的用法。(2)语法知识：学习动词不定式在句中作定语和状语的用法。(3)语用知识：呈现对太空探索的辩论。阅读有关太空探索的发展和价值，学会谈论宇航员在太空的生活，了解探索宇宙的神秘，以及在太空探索中取得的成就。Section Listening and

6、Speaking，Reading and Thinking.重点单词1astronaut n宇航员；太空人2procedure n程序；步骤；手续3mental adj. 精神的；思想的4intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的intelligence n. 智力； 才智； 智慧5rocket n火箭；火箭弹6gravity n重力；引力7frontier n. 边境；国界；边远地区8vehicle n交通工具；车辆9universe n. 宇宙；天地万物universal adj. 普遍的； 全体的； 全世界的10determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的det

7、ermine vt.查明；确定；决定determination n决心11satellite n人造卫星；卫星12launch vt.&n. 发射；发起；上市13orbit n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt.&vi. 沿轨道运行；环绕运行14giant adj. 巨大的；伟大的 n. 巨人；巨兽；伟人15leap n. 跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi.& vt.跳过；跃过16mankind n人类17agency n(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处agent n. (企业、政治等的) 代理人，经纪人18data n. pl.资料；数据19disappointed adj. 失望

8、的；沮丧的disappointing adj.令人失望的disappoint vt.使失望disappointment n失望20desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望desirable adj.渴望的，有欲望的21independently adv.独立地；自立地independent adj. 独立的；自立的independence n独立dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的dependence n信赖，依赖depend v依靠；依赖22spacecraft n. 航天器；宇宙飞船23spacewalk n. 太空行走；太空行走的时间24jade n. 玉；翡翠；玉器25

9、dock vi.& vt.(两架航天器)对接；(使) 进港 n. 码头；船坞26signal vt. & vi. 标志着；标明；发信号 n. 信号；标志sign n. 迹象； 征兆；手势 v签(名); 署(名)；打手势.重点短语1carry on继续做，坚持干2on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上3in the hope of doing sth.抱着的希望4so as to (do sth.)为了；以便5at the age of在岁时6graduate from从毕业7in the future在将来8go up增长，上升；升起；被兴建；被建造；被焚毁9come down下来，下

10、降，倒塌10look up抬头看；(在词典、计算机等中)查阅11find out弄清楚；查明12focus on集中(注意力，精力等)13believe in相信；信任14make progress取得进步15in a short time在很短时间内.重点句型1Before the mid20th century，most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream.在20世纪中期之前，大多数人都觉得去太空旅游是一个不可能实现的梦想。2These disasters made everyone sad and disap

11、pointed，but the desire to explore the universe never died.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的渴望从未消失。3Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.尽管困难重重，科学家希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙的起源，而且还能帮助我们很好地活到

12、未来。1 determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的典型例句She is a very determined woman.她是个意志十分坚定的女人。I am determined to find out who is responsible for this.我决意要弄清楚谁该对此事负责任。思维拓展be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表状态)determine v决定；确定；(使)下定决心determine to do sth.决心做某事(表动作)determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事determination n坚定；决心T

13、he travellers determined on an early start.旅行者们决定早出发。We determined to leave at once.我们决定立即离开。即学即练一句多译因为决心按时完成这项工作，他们立即着手工作。(1)Because they were determined to complete the job on time, they set out to work immediately.(原因状语从句)(2)Determined to complete the job on time, they set out to work immediately

14、.(形容词短语作状语)2 典型例句Im disappointed in you！How could you have lied like that?你让我失望了！你怎么能像那样说谎呢？We are all disappointed at his failure.我们都为他的失败而感到失望。He was disappointed to hear the news.听到这消息他很失望。思维拓展be disappointed at/by sth.对某事失望be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望be disappointed to do sth.因感到失望disappoint

15、ing adj. 令人失望的，扫兴的(强调主语的行为或某事令人失望)disappoint v. 使失望；使破灭，使落空disappointment n. U失望，C令人失望的人/事to sb.s disappointment 令某人失望的是即学即练(1)The disappointed look on his face suggested that the answer was really disappointing.(disappoint)(2)I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words，because t

16、hey convey regrets，lost opportunities，mistakes，and disappointment (disappoint)(3)What disappoints (disappoint) me is that she leaves me to finish the work by myself.3 典型例句All the people desire peace, security and happiness.所有人都渴望和平、安全和幸福。She desires to live in the country.她希望住在乡下。He has a strong des

17、ire for success/to succeed.他急切渴望成功。They had a desire that I (should) attend the meeting.他们希望我能参加会议。What do you desire me to do?你希望我做什么呢？思维拓展desire sth.渴望得到某物desire to do sth.希望做某事desire sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事desire that期望have a desire for渴望；希望得到have no desire for sth. 对没有欲望have a strong desire to do s

18、th.迫切想做某事satisfy ones desires 满足某人的欲望/愿望desirable adj.值得拥有的，可取的，有利的注意：当desire作动词后接宾语从句，以及desire作名词后接同位语从句或表语从句时，that从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，且should可省略。即学即练(1)They have no desire to learn a second language.他们不想学另一种语言。(2)I desire to go to a famous university.我很想上一所名牌大学。(3)Most people desire for a l

19、ot of knowledge.大多数人渴求更多的知识。(4)The couple desired their son to _go to a famous university.那对夫妻希望他们的儿子能上名牌大学。(5)The group leader desired that we do it right away.那个组长希望我们现在就开始做那件事。4 典型例句Mozambique became independent in 1975.莫桑比克于1975年获得独立。思维拓展be independent from/of sth.从独立be independent of sb. 不依赖某人i

20、ndependence n独立；自主independence from sb./sth.从独立independently adv.独立地；自主地dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的dependence n信赖，依赖depend v依靠，依赖即学即练Studying alone also allows me to develop independent (dependent) thinking which is a very important skill I need as I grow older.典型例句He signalled to the waiter for the bill.

21、他示意服务员结账。He signalled her to stop the car.他示意她停车。Dont start yetwait for me to give the signal.先别开始等我发信号。A red light is usually a signal for/of danger.红灯通常是危险的信号。思维拓展signal to sb. 向某人发信号/示意signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事signal with.用发信号易混辨析signal, symbol, sign, mark易混词区别signal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号symbol表

22、示“象征”或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物sign指人们公认的事物的记号，也可指“征兆，迹象”mark既可指为方便辨认而有意做的“标记”，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征即学即练He was signaling with a red flag.考点集训一单句语法填空1She determined to_work (work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.2She has the determination (determine) to overcome all the difficulties to succe

23、ss.3He was disappointed at the disappointing news, so there was a disappointed look on his face.(disappoint)4If you desire to_improve (improve) your English, recite some 10 sentences every day or learn 50 words by heart, if possible.5Only in this way can they grow up to be independent (independence)

24、 and become truly successful.1 典型例句The prices of houses have gone up.房价已上涨。New factories are going up everywhere.到处在兴建新工厂。The whole building went up in flames.整幢楼在大火中被焚毁了。思维拓展go短语集锦：go about着手做；忙于go by时间流逝；经过go after追逐，追求go ahead进行，进展；做吧，干吧go along进展；继续go against反对；违背；不利于go out出去；熄灭go in for参加；从事；喜欢

25、go over检查；复习go back to追溯到；回到go through仔细检查；经历苦难；通过go without勉强凑合，没有也行即学即练(1)To get a better grade，you should go over the notes again before the test.(2)I was in the middle of packing up my things when suddenly the power went out in the neighborhood.2 典型例句She looked up from her books as I entered the

26、 room.我进房间时，她放下书，抬起头来看了看。If there are words you do not understand，look them up in a dictionary.如果有不懂的单词就查字典。思维拓展look after照料；照顾look ahead展望未来look around环顾；四下看 look at看；检查look back on回忆 look down upon/on瞧不起look into调查；审查即学即练(1)They look down upon/on this kind of work.(2)When I look back on 2014，Im pr

27、oud of what we have achieved.3 典型例句The discussion focused on three main problems.讨论集中在三个主要问题上。All eyes were focused on the speaker.大家的目光都集中在发言人身上。思维拓展pay attention to注意devote oneself to致力于focus nC，U焦点；中心点vt.集中；聚焦be in/off focus焦点对准/没有对准go out of focus不清楚；没在焦点上come into focus清晰；在焦点上bring sth. into fo

28、cus调好焦距；使事物变清楚He always wants to be the focus of attention.他总想成为被关注的焦点。Focus your attention on your work.把注意力集中在你的工作上。即学即练The public attention was focused on the problem.4 典型例句Do you believe in the existence of the soul?你相信灵魂的存在吗？I dont believe in these diets.我不相信这些节食方法。Believe in yourself, or youll

29、 never succeed.相信自己，否则你永远不会成功。易混辨析believe in, believebelieve in常表示相信某物的存在、相信某物是好的或信任某人。believe常表示相信某人的话、相信某事等。即学即练Though I believe in him all the time because of his honesty，I dont believe what he said just now.5 典型例句They carried on the discussion.他们继续讨论。He carried on peeling the potatoes.他继续削土豆皮。I

30、want to carry on with my course.我想继续我的课程。巧学妙记on有“继续；不停”之意，类似的短语还有：go on继续；hang on坚持；hold on别挂断；坚持下去；work on继续工作。思维拓展carry on withsth./doing sth.继续做某事(相当于go on with)carry off赢得，获得(奖品、荣誉等)carry forward成功地进行carry over继续存在；延迟carry back运回；使回想起carry out实行，执行，进行，履行(诺言、义务等)carry sth. through 成功地完成某事即学即练(1)C

31、arry on working/Go on with your work while Im away.我不在的时候你要继续工作。(2)They decided to carry on in spite of the weather.他们决定不管天气好坏都继续。(3)Jane carried off all the prizes.简赢得了全部奖品。6 典型例句He was studying in the hope of being admitted to an engineering college.他努力学习，希望能被一所工程学院录取。This question must be brought

32、 up time and again in the hope of attracting universal attention. 这个问题必须反复讲，以引起各方面的重视。思维拓展in the hope that怀着的希望；希望能with the hope of带着的希望 It is a memory function of clock procedures in the hope that we all support. 这是一个有记忆功能的闹钟程序，希望得到大家的支持。He put a lot of money into the firm with the hope of gain in

33、the future. 他在这家公司投资很多，希望以后获得利润。易混辨析with the hope of带着的希望，表示心理状态，心里有什么希望。in the hope of doing sth.抱着的希望，表示做什么的目的，希望什么。即学即练(1)He raised his hand in the hope of being asked.(2)Her spirits were high with the hope of seeing Nick in minutes rather than hours.7 典型例句The journalist raised his hand so as to

34、earn a chance to ask the question to the spokesperson.那名记者举手想获得向发言人提问的机会。The mother covered the baby so as to protect him from being hurt.母亲把婴儿盖起来为了保护他免受伤害。易混辨析so as to, in order to, in order that, so that, so.as toso as to常放在句中，不能放在句首。(否定形式：so as not to)引导目的状语in order to可置于句中或句首，引导目的状语，意为“为了；以便”(否定

35、形式：in order not to)in order that引导目的状语从句，从句中常有情态动词can/could/may/might等so that引导目的状语从句，从句中常有情态动词can/could/may/might等引导结果状语从句，从句中不用情态动词so.as to引导结果状语，意为“如此以至于”(否定形式：so.as not to)注意：当用 so as to或in order to时，句子前后动作的主语须一致。否则，用 so that或in order that。即学即练(1)He ran quickly so as to (或in order to) catch the

36、last bus.他跑得很快以便赶上末班车。(2)We turned on the light so that/in order that we might see what it was.We turned on the light so as to see what it was.我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。(3)She is so angry as not to say a word in front of him.她如此生气以至于在他面前说不出一句话。考点集训二单句语法填空1The price of homes goes up and people find it difficul

37、t to buy a house there.2When I came in，he was focusing on his novel and didnt look up.3This meeting focused the worlds attention on the poverty of some African countries.4Believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.5After a rest，we carried on picking (pick) apples.6He is going to the

38、bank with the hope of borrowing more money from it.7All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be_received (receive) in time for Christmas. Before the mid20th century，most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream.在20世纪中期之前，大多数人都觉得去太空旅游是一个不可能实现的梦想。(1)句式分析：这是一个复合句。主句的主语是most

39、people，felt是谓语，后面是省略了引导词that的宾语从句。在宾语从句中，travelling into space是动名词作主语，was是系动词，an impossible dream是表语。(2)动名词(短语)作主语的用法：直接放在句首作主语，谓语用单数形式用it作形式主语可以用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词作其逻辑主语Watching films is my favorite pastime.看电影是我最喜欢的休闲活动。It is nice playing chess after supper.晚饭后下象棋很愉快。Roses coming late makes the teache

40、r very angry.罗斯的迟到使老师很生气。即学即练Its no use lying (lie) to me. I wont believe you. These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed，but the desire to explore the universe never died.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的渴望从未消失。(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。but连接两个并列的分句，在前一个分句中，These disasters是主语，made是谓语，everyone是宾语，sad and disapp

41、ointed是形容词作宾语补足语；后面的分句中，主语是the desire，to explore the universe是不定式短语作后置定语，died是谓语。(2)“make宾语宾补”结构。该结构的具体形式：make名词/代词不带to的不定式。当该结构用于被动语态时，不定式符号to要还原。make名词/代词过去分词。该过去分词与宾语是动宾关系。make名词/代词形容词。表示“使某人或某物变得”。make名词/代词名词。表示“使某人或某物成为”。make it宾补不定式(真正的宾语)。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。Every day my parents make me have an

42、 egg.Every day I am made to have an egg by my parents.我爸妈每天要我吃一个鸡蛋。His actions made him universally respected.他的行为使他广受尊敬。We must make the room clean.我们必须把房间打扫干净。We made Tom monitor.我们让汤姆当班长。The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.大雨使得我们无法出去。误区警示学习“make宾语宾补”结构需注意以下几点：能用过去分词作宾补，但不能用现在分词作宾补；

43、宾补若是省略to的不定式，变为被动语态时不定式符号to则必须加上；如果宾补是表示独一无二的职位或头衔的名词，则名词前不用冠词。即学即练(1)He made himself heard (hear) by raising his voice.(2)This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop. Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how

44、the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.尽管困难重重，科学家希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙的起源，而且还能帮助我们在未来活得很好。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是scientists，hope是谓语，后面是省略了连接词that的宾语从句。在宾语从句中使用了not only.but also.。(2)not only.but (also).表示“不但而且”。该结构用法说明：语法功能：连接平行结构名词、代词、动词(短语)、非谓语动词、介宾短语、句子等主谓一致：它连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语

45、动词与but (also)后的成分在人称和数上保持一致。有类似用法的词(组)还有or，either.or.，neither.nor.等倒装：not only.but (also).连接并列分句，且not only位于句首时，not only所在的分句须部分倒装，but (also)所在的分句不倒装Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.不但学生们反对这个计划，老师也反对。He not only read the book，but also remembered what he had read.他不但读了这

46、本书，而且记得所读的内容。Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat.太阳给我们提供光和热。即学即练Not only he but also I am (be) fond of playing the piano.考点集训三单句语法填空1Kicking (kick) a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.2The teacher raised his voice so that he could made himself heard (he

47、ar)3Not only his parents but also his brother has_gone (go) to the Summer Palace，they havent been back yet.单词拼写1Liu Yang, a woman Chinese astronaut (宇航员), did some scientific experiments in the spaceship.2Police insist that Michael did not follow the correct procedure (程序) in applying for a visa.3Mo

48、st of his bestknown works were produced during his final two years, when he was suffering from serious mental (精神的) illness.4Nick is good, kind, hardworking and intelligent (聪明的); in a word, I cant speak too highly of him.5We hope the space rocket (火箭) will land safely on Mars.6When we get closer to

49、 the moon, we shall feel its gravity (引力) pulling us.7The size of the chicken pieces will determine (决定) the cooking time.8The satellite (卫星) moves around the Earth once every hundred minutes.单句语法填空1She gave me a determined (determine) lookthe kind of look that said she would never change her mind.2

50、When things go wrong, all of us naturally feel disappointed (disappoint) and frustrated.3Hearing the disappointing (disappoint) news, he was too sad to control himself.4Everyone has a desire for success, but not everyone desires to get rich.5Eventually your child will leave home to lead her own life

51、 as a fully independent (dependent) adult.6Ive got to go over my notes for tomorrows exam.7Jack is the right person you can rely on to carry on the research when you are on vacation for the next two weeks.8In the hope of saving others some time, I am listing a few of the problems I found.9The government put up the price of cigarettes so as to_stop (stop) people buying them.10Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.- 21 - 版权所有高考资源网