新教材2020-2021学年英语人教版（2019）必修第三册练习：UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION DISCOVERING USEFUL STRUCTURES （GRAMMAR） WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家课时作业(三)Discovering Useful Structures (Grammar)必备知识基础练.单词拼写1The more empty cans that can be collected for _ (回收利用), the better.2Hard work can often make up for a l_ of intelligence.3Some leaves were f_ on the still lake.4Our success was far _ (超出) what we thought possible.5The day wil

2、l come when man can make full use of s_ energy.6Newspapers and periodicals (期刊) keep me updated on _ (当前的) affairs.7Keeping your _ (肌肉) strong and it helps you to avoid back problems.8Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have _ (足够的) materials and markets.单句语法填空1“Everything went qui

3、etly in my head，” Tim recalls (回忆道). “I was trying to figure _ how to swim to the boys in a straight line.”2In my family, my mother is always the first one _ (get) up.3Here is some advice for you _ (follow)4He hurried to the railway station, only _ (find) the train had left.5Im not sure about his ab

4、ility _ (complete) the task alone.6He opened the door _ (let) the children in.7They will go to the airport _ (meet) the guests.8_ (order) a vehicle, you have to pay a deposit (订金)9It hasnt rained for a month, _ (make) the crops hard to grow.10In space, astronauts collect all dirty water so as _ (rec

5、ycle) it for later use.11Scientists are trying to figure out a way _ (store) sufficient food and water for the long journey.12She is old enough _ (dress) herself.完成句子1Have you _ (弄明白) why she didnt invite you to her birthday party?2Doctors examine their patients thoroughly _ (为了) make a correct diag

6、nosis.3We can not work all the time if we are going to _ (保持健康) and enjoy life.4.on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became _ (第一人) in the world _ (进入太空)5In space, astronauts collect all dirty water _ (以便重新使用) it for later use.关键能力提升练.阅读ADo women make BETTER astronauts? Russia locks an allfemale crew in

7、a space simulator (太空模拟器) for eight days to find out. Six Russian women have been sent into a spaceship to begin a unique experiment testing how an allfemale crew would relate to others on a trip to the Moon and back.“Its interesting for us to see what is special about the way a female crew communic

8、ates，” said Sergei Ponomaryov, the experiments leader. “It will be particularly interesting in terms of psychology，” said the institutes director Igor Ushakov. “Id like to wish you a lack of conflicts, even though they say that in one kitchen, two housewives find it hard to live together，” he added.

9、The volunteers include scientific researchers, a doctor and a psychologist. The test period simulates (模仿) a flight to the Moon and back, with the women carrying out 10 experiments covering psychology and human biology. Russia sent the first woman into space, Valentina Tereshkova, in 1963 but has fa

10、llen behind since. Last year, it sent its fourth female astronaut into space, Yelena Serova. Serova complained of a great deal of media interest in how she would wash her hair aboard the International Space Station, pointing out that male astronauts did not face the same line of questioning.The wome

11、n found themselves fielding questions at a press conference about how they would act without men or makeup for eight days. “We are very beautiful without makeup，” said participant Darya Komissarova. Her colleague Anna Kussmaul was more direct: “We are doing work. When youre doing your work, you dont

12、 think about men and women.” They plan to spend their 11/2 hours per day of free time watching films, reading and playing board games. Team leader Yelena Luchnitskaya said she expected the women to deal with any conflict.1In which column can you find this passage on a website?AEducation. BEntertainm

13、ent.CScience. DEconomy.2Whats the purpose of the experiment?ATo show that women can do better than men.BTo test whether women can be good astronauts.CTo gather information about the conditions in space.DTo measure the distance from the earth to the moon.3What do we know from what Igor Ushakov said?A

14、Women cannot live peacefully in space at all.BThere may be conflicts among the women astronauts.CThe female crew will deal with each other in a new way.DBeing in the same kitchen helps the women live together.BThe United Arab Emirates (UAE) is mostly a desert. However, this has not stopped the count

15、ry from creating great building projects. On September 6, UAE officials announced another great projectMars Science City. Vast deserts and miles of coastlines provide plenty of better conditions for safe rocket launches (发射). And its position on the Earth makes it especially fit as the movement of t

16、he Earth provides an extra push, meaning less fuel is needed to get rockets into orbit (轨道). All these seem to make it possible.The Mars Science City project, designed by Bjarke Ingels Group, or BIG, will provide a model to simulate (模仿) living on the surface of Mars, the red planet. It is part of t

17、he UAEs Mars 117 Project to lead the global race to land humans on Mars and be the first to build a settlement there. Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid, Prime Minister and the ruler of Dubai, says, “The UAE seeks international support to develop technologies that benefit humans, and get prepared for a bett

18、er future for more generations to come.”Built outside Dubai, the 1.9 million square feet city is expected to cost $115 million. It will consist of several laboratories, similar to the ones imagined for the first Mars settlers. Scientists from around the world will be invited to do research to come u

19、p with methods to create food, water and energy, using techniques which can be copied onto the red planet. The living space, where the researchers can live for up to a year, will simulate the planets conditions as much as possible.The research city will also include a museum showing famous space ach

20、ievements to help educate and inspire children to carry on space exploration and discovery. To discover whether the construction method works on Mars, the museums walls will be 3D printed with the sand from the nearby desert. Now, if they would only add some living quarters for the general public to

21、 experience life on Mars without leaving Earth, life would be perfect.4What can we conclude about the United Arab Emirates?AIt is short of fine weather.BIt is a nice place for launching rockets.CIt can provide enough fuel supply.DIt has the greatest scientists in the world.5What will scientists do i

22、n the laboratories?AEducate visitors on trips to Mars.BDevelop the Mars settlers imagination.CFind ways to produce food, water and energy on Mars.DCreate a climatecontrolled environment for future use.6Why will the museums walls be 3D printed?ATo show famous space techniques.BTo make full use of the

23、 nearby desert.CTo inspire children to love exploration.DTo test whether the construction method can be used on Mars.7Whats the best title for the text?AUAE Is to Build Mars Science CityBUAEs Great Exploration of MarsCUAE Is to Build the First Mars SettlementDUAEs Scientific Contribution to HumansCA

24、 new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sandnot water. The research in 2015 suggested that lines on some Martian hills were evidence of water. Yet American scientists now say these lines appear more like dry, flows of sand. If water is present, it is likely to be a small

25、amount. Water in liquid form would be necessary for microbial (微生物的) life.NASA, the American space agency, said more research is needed. Michael Meyer is the lead scientist for NASAs Mars exploration programme. He noted that the latest study does not reject the presence of water. But he admitted, “I

26、t just may not be as exciting as the idea of rivers going down the sides of cliffs (悬崖)”The new findings come from a team led by Colin Dundas of the United States Geological Survey. His team measured 151 of these lines in 10 areas. Most of the lines end with slopes between 28 degrees and 35 degrees.

27、 These measurements are similar to active sand dunes (沙丘) on both Mars and Earth. A small covering of dust that moves and sometimes becomes lighter might help explain the markings. They usually appear in the Martian summertime, and then disappear until the next year. If these lines are dry, this sug

28、gests that recent Mars has not had large volumes of liquid water. Dundas and his research team say that many questions remain.“I still think that Mars has a great potential for having had life early on in its history，” Meyer said. “As long as thats true, we also have a reasonable possibility of life

29、 still being on Mars. It just happens to be cryptic or well hidden.”NASA currently has no robotic vehicleeither on Mars or in developmentwith the ability to climb steep slopes. The lack of such equipment has engineers coming up with ideas like Martian helicopters or planes without pilots.8What do Am

30、erican scientists find on Mars now according to their study?AA lot of little life. BAn amount of water.CSome Martian hills. DDark markings are sand.9When do the markings come out?AIn Martian spring. BIn Martian summer.CIn Martian autumn. DIn Martian winter.10Whats Meyers opinion about having life on

31、 Mars?ADoubtful. BTrustful.CIndifferent. DObjective.11What does the underlined word “cryptic” in Paragraph 4 mean?AUndiscovered. BStrange.CMagical. DIcy.七选五The sun is the brightest object in the sky. Its so bright that during the day its light drowns out everything else in space. The sun is so power

32、ful that even from the earth, its light can damage your eyesight. _1_ The best time to appreciate the sun from the earth is during a solar eclipse. Then the moon passes in front of the sun and so it temporarily (暂时) disappears from the sky._2_ The sun uses four million tons of hydrogen (氢) every sec

33、ond. Even so, its so vast that our star has enough fuel to keep it shining for another five billion years. The suns energy output is estimated to be 386 billion megawatts (兆瓦特). So in 15 minutes our sun gives out as much energy as mankind uses in all forms, during an entire year.Just like the earth

34、and all the planets, the sun spins around a central axis (轴). _3_ So the gas at the suns poles turns at a different speed to the gas at the equator. _4_ After that the original north pole is restored. Maximum (最大值的) sunspot activity occurs during the period when the poles are in the process of switc

35、hing.Until the Middle Ages it was generally thought that the sun orbited the Earth. In the 16th century, Nicholas Copernicus argued that it was the earth that travelled around the sun. _5_ The Greek philosopher Aristarchus beat him to it by nearly 2,000 years.AThe sun was shining in the sky.BA compl

36、ete cycle takes 22 years.CThe sun was out again, and it was a glorious day.DHowever, he was not the first person to suggest this.ESo never look at the sun directly or through a telescope.FLife on earth is totally dependent on the energy it receives from the sun.GBut this rotation is not smooth like

37、the earth because the sun is not solid.语法填空Yu Rong, a Chinese artist, thinks of a new way to introduce 1._ ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by 2._ (combine) papercutting with international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi papercuts o

38、ver westernstyle pencil sketches (素描) 3._ (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements (要素), which turns out to be a 4._ (success) and impressive breakthrough.Hua Mulan, 5._ story has been told by generations in China, was a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386534). As a devoted daughte

39、r, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army 6._ place of her father. Mulans characteristics, such as courage, kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune, made 7._ (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines. Mulans story has been adapted 8._ (frequent) in

40、modern media. For example, in 1998, Disney produced a film named Mulan, which 9._ (consider) a great success by critics and the public.To better tell the story, Yu Rong takes inspiration from her several 10._ (visit) to sites of ancient battles and Henan Provinces Yu Opera. After years of preparatio

41、n she finally makes this extraordinary work.课时作业(三)Discovering Useful Structures (Grammar)必备知识基础练.单词拼写1recycling2.lack3.floating4.beyond5.solar6.current7muscles8.sufficient.单句语法填空1out2.to get3.to follow4.to find5.to complete6.to let7.to meet8.To order9.making10.to recycle11.to store12to dress.完成句子1f

42、igured out2.in order to3.stay healthy4.the first person to go into space5.so as to recycle关键能力提升练.阅读A【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了俄罗斯进行的一项特殊实验：利用太空模拟器观察六名女宇航员在太空环境下的日常生活。1答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据全文内容可知本文主要介绍了一项太空实验，所以可推知从网站的“科学”栏目中能够看到此文。2答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段可知，这项实验的目的是测验女性能否成为好的宇航员。3答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，Igor Ushakov提到有些人

43、说在一个厨房里两个家庭主妇无法很好地相处，那么在太空中女宇航员在空间极其有限的情况下可能会发生冲突。由关键信息Id like to wish you a lack of conflicts，even though they say that in one kitchen, two housewives find it hard to live together可判断。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阿拉伯联合酋长国借助自己国家的地理优势开启火星科学城项目，进行火星探索。4答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Vast deserts and miles of coastlines p

44、rovide plenty of better conditions for safe rocket launches (发射)”可知阿拉伯联合酋长国有广阔的沙漠和长长的海岸线，为其进行安全的火箭发射提供很好的条件。故选B项。5答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Scientists from around the world will be invited to do research to come up with methods to create food, water and energy, using techniques which can be copied onto t

45、he red planet.”可知科学家们实验的内容是找出在火星上制造食物、水和能源的方法。故选C项。6答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To discover whether the construction method works on Mars, the museums walls will be 3D printed with the sand from the nearby desert.”可知墙用3D打印的原因是查明这种建造方法在火星上是否适用。故选D项。7答案与解析：A主旨大意题。通读文章可以看出文章主要介绍了阿拉伯联合酋长国利用自己的地理位置优势进行火星科学城建设项目

46、。故选A项。C【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了美国科学家的一项新的研究发现：火星上黑色的标记是沙子而不是水。8答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，科学家发现火星上的黑色标记是沙子不是水。故选D。9答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句可知，这样的标记会出现在火星的夏季。故选B。10答案与解析：B观点态度题。根据第四段内容可推知，Meyer还是相信火星上有生命。故选B。11答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据句中的or well hidden可知，cryptic的意思是“隐藏的；没被发现的”。故选A。.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了太阳。1答案与解析：E根据上文提到的“它

47、的光会损害你的视力”可知，E项“因此，不要直接或通过望远镜观看太阳”可承接上文。2答案与解析：F本部分介绍的是太阳的能量，F项“地球上的生命完全依赖于它从太阳那里得到的能量”可作为主题句。3答案与解析：G前面提到太阳像地球一样围着一个轴旋转，结合下文提到的太阳两极的气体变化速度与赤道的气体不同可知，所填的句子是太阳和地球旋转不一样的地方。所以选G项。4答案与解析：B前面提到太阳旋转，后面是“After that.”，B项“一个完整的周期需要22年”可承接上下文。5答案与解析：D根据下文的希腊哲学家阿利斯塔克比他早近2 000年可知，所填的是引出下文的句子。D项“然而，他不是第一个提出这种看法的

48、人”符合语境。.语法填空【语篇解读】本文介绍了中国艺术家郁蓉通过把中国的剪纸和国际上流行的艺术形式结合在一起，创作了含有中国元素的图画书我是花木兰。1答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处特指花木兰的故事，应用定冠词。故填the。2答案与解析：combining考查非谓语动词。在介词by后作宾语，应用动词ing形式。故填combining。3答案与解析：to create考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to create。4答案与解析：successful考查形容词。and连接并列结构，此处and的后面是形容词impressive“给人深刻印象的”。故填successful。5答案

49、与解析：whose考查定语从句的关系词。空处引导一个定语从句，在定语从句中作story的定语。故填whose。6答案与解析：in考查介词。in place of是固定短语，表示“替代”。故填in。7答案与解析：her考查代词。在动词made后作宾语，应用宾格。故填her。8答案与解析：frequently考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词adapted作状语。故填frequently。9答案与解析：was considered考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，which指代上文中的“a film named Mulan”，与consider是被动关系，且根据上文中的produced可知此处应用一般过去时。故填was considered。10答案与解析：visits考查名词复数。空前的several修饰可数名词复数。故填visits。- 6 - 版权所有高考资源网