新教材2020-2021学年英语外研版（2019）必修第一册学案：UNIT 4 第一课时　STARTING OUT .doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Unit 4 Friends forever How to Be a Good FriendOnce youve started spending timewith friends, remember to do your part or else the friendship will become unbalanced and an uneasiness or distance is likely to arise.Be reliable. If you and your friend agree to meet somewhere, dont be lat

2、e. If youre not going to make it on time or make it at all, call them as soon as you realize it. Apologize and ask to reschedule. Dont make them wait for you unexpectedly; its rude. When you say youll do something, do it. Be someone that people know that they can count on.Be trustworthy. One of the

3、best things about having a friend is that you have someone to whom you can talk about anything, even secrets that you hide from the rest of the world. The key to being a good trusted person is the ability to keep secrets, so its no secret that you shouldnt tell other people things that were told to

4、you as a secret. Before people even feel comfortable opening up to you, however, you need to build trust. Be honest about yourself and your beliefs，and dont gossip about others or spread rumors or they will think you like stories better than friends.Be there. Youve probably heard of fairweather frie

5、nds. Theyre the ones who are happy to be around you when things are going well, but are nowhere to be found when you really need them. Part of being a friend is being prepared to devote your time and energy in order to help out your friends. If a friend needs help with an unpleasant task, or if he o

6、r she just needs a shoulder to cry on, be there.Now，do you know how to be a good friend？开启快乐学习之旅每个人都渴望友谊，需要朋友的陪伴。但是保持朋友之间的友谊是有方法的。知识点击1reliable可靠的，可信赖的2count on依靠，依赖3to whom引导定语从句4gossip 说闲话，传播流言5rumor谣言，传闻6“疑问词不定式”作know的宾语模块核心素养导航第一课时Starting out & Understanding ideas.词汇初探1familiar (adj.) 熟悉的unfami

7、liar (adj.)不熟悉的2adventure (n.)历险，奇遇3prefer (v.)更喜欢4deliver (v.) 递送，传递5advance (n.)进步；进展6significantly (adv.)重大地，显著地significant (adj.)有重大意义的，显著的7maintain (v.)保持，维持8click (v.) 点击9digital (adj.)数字的，数码的10enable (v.)使可能，使发生able (adj.)能；有才能的，有才智的ability (n.)能力11unusual (adj.)异常的， 不平常的usual (adj.)通常的usuall

8、y (adv.)通常12tend (v.)易于做某事，往往会发生某事tendency (n.)趋势，趋向13acquire (v.)获得，得到14goods (n.) 商品15prove (v.) 证明，证实16illustrate (v.) (举例)说明，阐明 17diagram (n.) 图解，示意图.短语互译1lose_track_of 失去联系2social_media 社交媒体3in_advance 在前面，预先4it_depends 视情况而定5thanks to 多亏了6tend to 倾向；趋于7make friends 交朋友8prefer to do 更喜欢做9throw

9、the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃.语篇理解Step .Read the text and choose the best answers.1Whats the authors opinion about making online friends?AThey are all true friends.BThey are always chatting with each other.CIt depends.DThey must be criminals.答案：C2What kind of people would become your true

10、 friends?AThe people who always exchange true personal information online.BThe people who want to make friend with you.CThe people who always give presents to you.DThe people who contact with you positively.答案：A3Which description about friends on the Internet is wrong?AA young person could be old.BA

11、 woman would be a man.CA smiling man must be happy.DWe could be sharing information with criminals.答案：CStep .Decide whether the following sentences are true or false.1When we “friend” people online, they are really our friends.(F)2What we see on social media is often the whole truth about a person.(

12、F)3On social madia sites, people only tend to post good things in order to make them appear happy.(T)4On the Internet, we can understand each other with friends.(F)5We should think twice before making an online friend.(T)Step .Fill in the blanks according to the text.The digital age also 1.enables (

13、able) us to find people 2.who share our interests. 3.Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others. But that doesnt mean that they 4.really (real) are our friend. We need to keep 5.in mind that what we see on social media may be not the 6.truth (true) about a person. So we should pay

14、 attention to the 7.information (inform) carefully on it. 8.However,_we shouldnt not throw the baby out with the bathwater. The meaning of friendship and our 9.longing (long) for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose 10.to_live (live) without friends.1 The southerners prefe

15、r rice and the northerners prefer food made of flour.南方人比较喜欢吃米饭，北方人爱吃面食。 Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train?你愿意用哪种交通方式：汽车还是火车？归纳拓展(1)prefer.to. 比起更喜欢(to为介词)He prefers playing basketball to playing the piano.比起弹钢琴来，他更喜欢打篮球。(2)prefer to do rather than do/would rather do than do

16、宁愿做而不做Liu Hulan preferred to die rather than give in before the enemy.刘胡兰宁死也不在敌人面前屈服。(3)prefer that.(should)do更喜欢；更愿意Would you prefer that we (should)put off our meeting till next Wednesday?你是否更愿意我们把会议推迟到下周三？名师点拨prefer的易错点(1)prefer意为“更喜欢”，相当于like better/more，所以prefer一般不与比较级连用。(2)prefer的过去式、过去分词为pref

17、erred，现在分词为preferring.即时巩固单句语法填空That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water.She preferred to_live (live) with the animals and study them rather than teach (teach) at the university.Sometimes he prefers reading (read) books to watching(watch) TV.He preferred to_die (die) rather than betray hi

18、s homeland.I would prefer that you (should)go (go) with me.2 (1)递送；传送；交付；运载Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless highrise buildings.青少年们爬上几十层楼梯，向被困在无电力供应的高层建筑中的老年人提供水和食物。(2)发表；宣布；发布He delivered a speech at the meeting.他在会上讲了话。(

19、3)助产；接生The doctor delivered her of twins.这个医生为她接生了一对双胞胎。归纳拓展deliver.to. 把交给/传递给deliver a speech 发表演说deliver a baby 助产；接生be delivered of a baby 分娩；生孩子巧学助记图解deliver多层含义即时巩固完成句子All the good traditions must be_delivered_to the younger generations.所有的好传统都应该传给后代。The doctor agreed to deliver_her_baby_at_ho

20、me.医生同意在家为她接生。He delivered_a_speech to the whole nation when he won the election.大选获胜后，他向全国人民发表了演讲。3 advance v.&n.前进，行进；进步发展；预支；adj.预先的，事前的Our troops have advanced 2 miles.我们的军队前进了两英里。We have greatly advanced in our knowledge of the world.我们在世界知识方面大有长进。We sent advance copies of the new course book t

21、o the teacher and the students who were to use it.我们先送了几本新教材的样书给要用书的老师和学生们。I have received an advance payment.我已收到一笔预付款。归纳拓展(1)advance on/upon/towards朝前进(2)in advance提前in advance of在的前面；超过(3)advanced adj.高级的；先进的advancing adj.年长的(天津高考)He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the

22、party.他会提前打电话以确保在聚会上没有酒。The cooks arrived on camp in advance of the main party.厨师们在大队人马之前来到了野营地。We must learn their advanced techniques.我们要学习他们的先进技术。即时巩固单句语法填空France is one of the advanced (advance) countries.To make sure that he was at home, I called him up in advance.She is still very active，in sp

23、ite of her advancing (advance) years.People advanced towards the square with anger.完成句子(天津高考改编)We require the students full flight details at least 4 weeks in_advance.我们要求至少提前四周获知学生详细的航班信息。The troops were finally given the order to_advance.部队终于接到前进的命令。They had_advanced 20 miles by nightfall.夜幕降临时，他们

24、已前进了20英里。4 Health problems can be significantly reduced by careful diet.通过注意饮食可以大大减少健康方面的问题。归纳拓展(1)significant adj. 相当数量的；意义重大的(2)significance nU意义；重要性；重要意义attach significance to重视；认为重要be of significancesignificant 重要的；意义重大的注意：be of抽象名词(significance, help，importance，value，use，benefit等)用来说明句子主语所具有的作用

25、、重要性或意义。在这类抽象名词前我们可用一些形容词(great，little，some，any，no，much等)来修饰抽象名词，用以说明程度。They are of great help to the learners of English.他们对英语学习者有很大帮助。The book will be of great value to the students of studying history.这本书对学历史的学生将很有价值。The meeting is of great importance.这个会议很重要。This medicine is of no use.这种药无效。This

26、 matter is of no significance.这件事无关紧要。即时巩固单句语法填空I attach great significance to the news.He smiled significantly (significance) at his students.句型转换His advice is very significant to the beginners.His advice is_of_great_significance to the beginners.5 We commit to maintaining a highquality service.我们承

27、诺保持高质量的服务。It is important to maintain a constant temperature inside the greenhouse.使室内的温度保持恒定是很重要的。即时巩固完成句子Britain wants to maintain_its_position as a world power.英国想保持其世界强国的地位。6 criminal n.罪犯adj.犯罪的，违法的；刑事的，刑法的；不道德的The man is a criminal. How could the people elect him to office?这个人是罪犯，人们怎么选他当官呢？The

28、 boy had shown criminal tendencies since early adolescence.这个男孩在青春期初期就表现出了犯罪的倾向。归纳拓展crime nC罪行；U犯罪；sing.不好的行为Crimes against the elderly are becoming more common.针对老年人的犯罪变得越来越常见。Crime is on the increase in big cities.在大城市里，犯罪正在逐渐增加。即时巩固完成句子The massacre was a_crime_against_humanity.这场大屠杀是一桩反人类的罪行。Ray

29、got mixed up with the local criminal element.雷与当地的犯罪团伙混到了一起。1 Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了一些方法。(江苏高考)Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creati

30、on.多亏了良好的创业环境，很多大学生项目获得了成功。归纳拓展由于；因为易混辨析thanks to是介词短语，只能作状语，多用于褒义，也可用于讽刺口吻中，引导的介词短语可置于句首或句末because of多用于表示直接原因，通常只作状语，不作表语。后面可接名词、代词、动名词等owing to多作状语，可放在句首或句末，用逗号将其和句子其他部分隔开due to可作表语和状语，不可位于句首巧学助记名师点拨thanks to，owing to，due to，because of都是介词(直接用在名词之前)，而不是连接词(不可用来连接句子的两个部分)。译由于飞机误点，我只得等了好几个小时。正I had

31、 to wait hours because the plane was delayed.误I had to wait hours owing to/because of the plane was delayed.即时巩固完成句子Thanks_to_his_help，we finished our work on time.多亏了有他的帮助，我们按时完成了工作。It was thanks_to_his_advice that I succeeded.幸亏了他的建议我才成功。翻译句子Thanks to John we arrived three hours late.我们迟到了3小时，这都怪约

32、翰。2 Sally tends to interfere in other peoples business.萨利经常会干涉别人的事情。The car does tend to over heat.这车确实容易过热。归纳拓展tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理tendency n倾向；偏好Prices are tending upwards.物价趋涨。Doctors and nurses tended the injured.医生和护士照料伤员。His new magazine has anarchic tendencies.他的新杂志有无政府主义倾向。即时巩固完成句子(1)I t

33、hink they will tend_towards/to stricter controls.我认为他们将采取更严格的控制措施。(2)The woman stayed at home to tend_her_child.那个妇女待在家里照料她的孩子。单句语法填空(3)If we always love children too much，they will turn out to be selfcentered and dependent, tending (tend)to do whatever they want to.3 其对应词组为make enemies(with sb.)“树敌

34、，(与某人)作对”。When I visited the village，I made friends with some peasants.我参观那个村庄时，与一些农民结成了朋友。I dont mean to make enemies with you.我不想与你作对。注意：make friends/enemies with sb.中的friends与enemies不能改成单数。又如：(ex)change seats/presents/books.(with sb.) (与某人)互换座位/礼物/书本change planes/buses/trains/ships.(in sp.) (在某地)

35、换乘飞机/汽车/火车/轮船keep ties/relations(with sb.) (与某人)保持联系即时巩固翻译句子我不想和他交朋友。I_dont_want_to_make_friends_with_him.4 depend on/upon 取决于；依赖；依靠；确信；相信；指望Success depends upon your own efforts.成功取决于你的努力。The success of the test flight depends on the weather.试飞是否成功取决于天气。We can depend on his arriving here on time.我们

36、可以相信他会准时到来。You can depend on him.你可以信赖他。归纳拓展(1)depend on/upon sb. to do/doing sth.rely on sb. to do sth.依靠某人做某事depend on/upon itthat从句确信；相信(2)It/That (all)depends.那得看情况而定。(3)dependable adj.可靠的；可信赖的dependence nU依赖；依靠；信任dependent adj.依靠的；从属的；取决于的Now that you are grown up, you should not rely on your p

37、arents.既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母。How many people use each screen?每个屏幕有多少人使用？It/That all depends. 这要看情况。即时巩固完成句子It_depends_on how you tackle the problem.那要根据你如何处理这个问题而定。1 What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered？,如果从遥远的朋友那里得到消息的唯一途径是写信，并且这些信

38、需要很长时间才会被送到，那将会怎样？句式分析What if.？(What would happen if.？)要是会怎么样呢？What if the train is late?火车要是晚点会怎样呢？归纳拓展(1)How come? 怎么会呢？/怎么回事？(表示惊讶)I didnt even eat lunch today.我今天连午饭都没吃。Really? How come?真的？怎么回事？(2)How about.？(What about.？)(用来询问情况或征求意见)How about going for a walk after supper?晚饭后去散散步好吗？(3)What for

39、？为何目的？为什么？I need to see a doctor.我得去看医生。What for?看什么病？(4)So what？那又怎样？(认为某事无关紧要，不负责时)He is only a child of ten!他只是一个10岁的孩子。So what?那又怎么样？即时巩固用what if，so what，how come或what for填空What_if we move the picture over there? Do you think it will look better?I dont think Ill be able to go mountainclimbing to

40、morrow.How_come?Linda didnt invite us to the party.So_what? I dont care.Please go and fetch me a piece of paper，Mary.What_for?Michael was late for Mr Smiths chemistry class this morning.How_come? As far as I know, he never came late to class.2 Whatever our hobbies， the Internet can connect us with o

41、thers who also enjoy doing them， even if they live on the other side of the world.无论我们的兴趣是什么，互联网总能把我们和也有这些爱好的人联系在一起，即使他们生活在世界的另一端。句式分析(1)这是一个复合句。whatever在句中引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么”。疑问词ever的用法归纳：what/who/which/when/where/however引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么/谁/哪个/何时/何地/怎样”相当于no matter what/who/which/when/where/how。what/w

42、ho/whichever除引导让步状语从句外，还可以引导主语从句或宾语从句，它们既在从句中作成分又在主句中作成分，相当于anything that，anybody who等，此时不能与no matter what/who/which互换。1)Whenever/No matter when he comes again, hell be welcome.不管他何时再来，他都会受到欢迎。2)No matter how tired you may be, you must do it. However tired you may be，you must do it.不管多么累，你也得做。3)As a

43、 child，I always hoped that I could grow up as soon as possible so that I could have whatever I wanted and do whatever I liked.孩提时代，我总想着尽快长大，以便能够拥有自己想要的，做自己想做的。(2)even if用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”，用法同even though。We should practice economy even if we are rich.即使我们富裕了也仍应该厉行节约。Even if I have to walk all the

44、 way Ill get there.即使一路走着去，我也得赶到那里。Even if I miss the meeting, what of it?即使我不出席这次会议，那又有什么了不起呢？归纳拓展even so尽管如此；即使这样even when即使当的时候even now/then甚至到现在/那样；即使是这样/那样；尽管如此/那样There are a lot of spelling mistakes; Even so, its quite a good essay.尽管有许多拼写错误，它仍不失为一篇佳作。She was always optimistic, even when thing

45、s were at their worst.即使在事情最糟糕的时候，她也总是非常乐观。Ive shown him the photographs but even now he wont believe me.我把照片给他看了，即使是这样他仍然不相信我。即时巩固单句语法填空I dont believe weve met before, even_though I must say you do look familiar.解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：我认为我们以前没有见过，尽管我不得不说你的确看起来很面熟。even though意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。(北京高考改编)

46、Your support is important to our work. Whatever you can do helps.解析：考查主语从句。helps是谓语，“you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，因此用whatever引导。用as though或even though填空My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, even_though hes in his nineties.解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：我爷爷仍然经常打网球， 尽管他已经90多岁了。用whoever, no matter w

47、ho填空Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Whoever/No_matter_who wants to go there, I wont.完成句子Even_if_he_said_so，you need not believe him.即使他这么说，你大可不必信他。3 Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends.尽管科技已经改变了我们交朋友的方式句式分析(1)此句是although引导的让步状语从句，although意为“尽管”。(2)定语从句we are connected修

48、饰先行词way，其前省略了连接词that/in which。名师点拨当先行词是way(方式)时，引导词的使用有两种情况：若引导词在从句中作状语，可用that/in which或省略。若引导词在从句中作主语、宾语，可用that/which引导，有时也可省略(作宾语时)。试比较：The wayhe explained to us was quite simple.(way作explained的宾语)他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。The wayhe explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.(way作状语)他向我们解释这

49、个句子所用的那种方式并不难理解。即时巩固用定语从句完成句子Swimming is the best way that_can_build_up_your_body.游泳是健体强身的最好办法。I dont like the way (that/in_which)_he_looks_at_me.我不喜欢他那样看着我。单句语法填空Although he is young, he knows a lot.4 As Aristotle said.正如亚里士多德所说句式分析as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”。As we all know，the earth goes around the sun.众所

50、周知，地球围着太阳转。归纳拓展as多用于固定搭配中：as is often the case这是常有的事as was expected正如所预料的那样as often happens正如经常发生的那样as is known to all众所周知as has been said before如上所述as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的即时巩固补全句子Jeffrey is not such an intelligent person as_you_think (正如你认为的那样)The air quality in the city, as_is_shown_in_the_r

51、eport_ (正如报告中显示的)，has improved over the past two months.单词拼写1Click (点击)here to download and install the player.2Please deliver (递送) the goods at your convenience.3Their progress at work was mirrored by their childrens educational advance (进步). 4There she acquired (获得) many new and valued friends.5I

52、prefer (更喜欢)Chinese food to western food.6The site is extremely expensive to maintain (保持)and it will cost between three and five million yuan to repair it.7In the future，digital (数字的) newspapers will be sent to personal web tools through Internet.8The Internet enables (使可能)us to exchange ideas with

53、 many others to check our claims.9The policeman went through his suitcase，but he didnt find anything unusual (异常的)10. In our culture we tend (倾向)to be bashful about our talents and skills.选词填空make friends，be up to，prefer to，thanks to，tend to，keep in touch with，lose track of，keep in mind1So you cant

54、do this, because youre going to lose_track_of the numbers if you do that.2Do you still keep_in_touch_with your parents regularly after you leave them? 3Children tend_to react against their parents by going against their wishes.4We should enter nature, get to know nature, and make_friends with nature

55、.5Rather than refuse to help you，I prefer_to borrow money from my friends.6Its very important to keep_in_mind as many English words and phrases (短语) as possible.7Id like to think well be_up_to the challenges.8Thanks_to your help，we finished the work ahead of time.完成句子1Whatever_youre_doing when you w

56、ant to smokedo something else!当你想抽烟时，无论你在做什么，(停下来去)找点儿别的事做！2Its important that you let_them_know_when youll be available.让他们知道你什么时候有空非常重要。3Although/Though_surprised,_the poachers had an advantagethere were more of them.尽管很吃惊，偷猎者有一个优势他们人多。4As_one/a_saying_goes：“A journey of a thousand miles starts with a single step.”正如一句谚语所说的：“千里之行，始于足下。”5It has to continue to move，because the_way the world works is not the same.它必须继续变化，因为这个社会运作的方式是不同的。- 21 - 版权所有高考资源网