2022版高中北师大版英语一轮复习学案：选修8 UNIT 24 SOCIETY WORD版含答案.doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 24Society主题: 人与社会子话题: 社会服务与人际沟通对应教材: 选修8Unit 23Conflict; 选修8Unit 24Society.细品味经典文章Volunteers are contributing their valuable time and service.This is an excellent opportunity to experience a different life.Here are two volunteers sto

2、ries.Rebecca: I came to Nepal not knowing what to expect but it turned out to be the most rewarding experience of my life.First of all, my translator was wonderful and he always tried his best to make me feel comfortable.The first few days there, I wasnt sure what to do with myself since there was n

3、o program in place.Then he came and made me realize that my trip would be what I would make of it.Now I have plans to work to fund a factory for women.This trip has truly changed my life.I will definitely be back there again.Charlie: I was able to see some of the major attractions of the place.I was

4、 also able to volunteer in a farming community teaching Math and English.There, I experienced first-hand how they live, what they eat, and how they observe their religious beliefs.Not only did I immerse myself in foreign culture learning their traditions, customs and beliefs, but also I made a lot o

5、f friends.It was a travel adventure I will never forget and I will always cherish it in my heart! .按要求完成任务1.写出文章中表示社会服务的单词或短语。volunteer, service2.写出文章中的优美句式。Not only did I immerse myself in foreign culture learning their traditions, customs and beliefs, but also I made a lot of friends.重点词汇1.underta

6、ke vt.着手做; 从事【典型例句】University professors both teach and undertake research .大学教授既要教学又要从事研究工作。The condition was not taken seriously for many years and proper research has been undertaken only recently.这种情况多年来都没有受到重视, 直到最近才进行了适当的研究。【词块必记】undertake to do sth.答应做某事undertake that.承诺undertake for.为负责【语境速测

7、】 单句语法填空He undertook to finish(finish) the job by Friday.Ill undertake for your security.一句多译我们保证按时完成这一工作。We undertake to finish it on time.We undertake that we will finish it on time.【写作金句】He didnt hesitate to undertake this task and expressed his firm determination to overfulfill it ahead of time.

8、他毫不迟疑地承担了这项任务, 并且表达了他坚定的决心一定提前超额完成。2.cast vt.投下; 投以(笑容, 视线); 投射(光、影子); 扔; 抛【典型例句】The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains.橘红色的夕阳辉映着群山。【词块必记】cast a shadow/cloud over/on sth.给投下一层阴影cast doubt on sth. 使怀疑某事, 使不确信某事cast a look/glance at sb./sth. 向看一眼cast down使沮丧, 使失望【语境速测】 单句语法填空Her father

9、s illness cast a shadow over the wedding celebrations.She cast a glance in the mirror and went out, shutting the door behind her.He was cast down by the sad news.完成句子What he had done cast doubt on his honesty.他的所作所为使人们对他的诚实产生了怀疑。.核心短语e into being 形成, 存在【典型例句】Magazines come into being to voice the ne

10、w sentiments in the air.鼓吹新风尚的刊物纷纷问世。【词块必记】come into existence开始存在, 建立, 产生come into effect/force生效come into use开始被使用come into power掌权come into sight/view看见; 进入视野come into fashion开始流行when it comes to提及, 谈到【语境速测】 单句语法填空When did the term of “new-new people” come into existence(exist)? The new tax regul

11、ations came into effect/force last month.The Kingdom of Italy formally came into being(be) on 17 March 1861.【文化金句】Researchers show that surname came into being around four to five thousand years ago.研究表明, 姓氏出现于大约四五千年前。4.show off 炫耀, 夸耀; 卖弄; 显示【典型例句】She did a quick twirl to show off her dress.她轻快地一转身

12、, 炫耀自己所穿的衣服。Theres no need to show off.没必要炫耀。【词块必记】on show/display公开展出show sb.in某人进来show sb.around sp.带某人参观某个地方show up出现; 显现出来show sb.out带某人出去show sth.to sb.向某人展示某物【语境速测】 单句语法填空Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils.She showed me around her fact

13、ory and introduced me to everybody.完成句子Why didnt you show up at the meeting yesterday? 你昨天为什么没有参加会议? 【写作金句】The real beauty of girls is not necessarily showed by showing off her figure.女孩子真正的美并不一定是通过炫耀她的身材来表现的。5.keep an eye on 照看; 密切注视【典型例句】Please keep an eye on my child.请替我照看一下孩子。【词块必记】keep away (fr

14、om)不使接近, 不接近keep back保持距离, 抑制; 扣下; 隐瞒keep up with.不落后, 赶上keep sb.from doing sth.不让某人做keep in touch with与保持联系【语境速测】 单句语法填空Will you keep an eye on my child for a while? Food production is not keeping up with population.We had no way to keep him from getting(get) involved in the matter.【写作金句】We keep in

15、 touch with each other by the phone.我们用手机互相保持联系。.经典句式6.What if.? 如果怎么办? 教材原句What if some married people have affairs? 要是一些已婚的人有了婚外情怎么办? 【句型公式】What if.? 表示“如果怎么办? ”其后句子可用陈述语气(用一般现在时), 也可用虚拟语气(用一般过去时或should+动词原形)。【语境速测】 完成句子What if it rains tomorrow? Will we still have the practice? What if there was(

16、be) no water on Earth? What if she finds(find) out that youve lost her book? 【写作金句】What if no one had been there? 假如没有人去过那里的话, 会怎么样? 【备选要点】1.sentence n.& vt.判决; 宣判; 判刑【典型例句】The prisoner has served his sentence and will be released tomorrow.犯人已服刑期满, 明天将获释。【词块必记】(1)serve a sentence服刑pass/give sentence

17、 on sb.给某人判刑(2)sentence sb.to.给某人判刑(常用被动语态)be sentenced to death/three years in prison被判死刑/三年徒刑【语境速测】 单句语法填空Wang Lijun was sentenced to 15 years in prison.The court granted him leave to appeal against the sentence.They were sentenced for their participation in Aprils coup attempt.完成句子The judge passe

18、d a light sentence on him because it was his first offence.因他是初次犯罪, 法官对他予以轻判。2.thirst n.渴, 口渴; 渴望【典型例句】They have a real thirst for knowledge.他们真的渴望知识。【词块必记】(1)satisfy/relieve ones thirst解渴, 止渴die of thirst渴死a thirst for knowledge强烈的求知欲thirst for sth.渴望/渴求某物(2)thirsty adj.渴的be thirsty for sth.渴望/渴求某物

19、【语境速测】 一句多译虽然他不富裕, 但他非常渴求电脑知识。Though he is not rich, he is thirsty for the computer knowledge.Though he is not rich, he is dying for the computer knowledge.Though he is not rich, he longs for the computer knowledge.Though he is not rich, he is eager for the computer knowledge.3.resign vt.&vi.辞职, 辞去;

20、 使顺从【典型例句】You must resign yourself to waiting a bit longer.你要耐心多等一会儿。【词块必记】resign ones job/post/position辞去工作/职位resign from辞职resign oneself to (doing) sth.顺从; 使自己安于(做)某事【语境速测】 单句语法填空She resigned from her job for personal reasons.She resigned (resign) herself to her fate.完成句子He is still on the board,

21、but he resigned as chairman some months ago.(resign as)他仍在董事会, 但几个月前他辞去了董事长职务。【写作金句】After careful consideration and soul-searching, I have decided to resign my position as the manager at the company.经过慎重考虑和自我反省, 我决定辞去公司经理一职。.单句语法填空1. (2020浙江高考) Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany g

22、athered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers (volunteer) memory.2.(2019北京高考)You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers (voluntary).3.(2019全国卷)The provincial government (govern) and its partners offer many programs to help stude

23、nts find summer jobs.4.(2019全国卷)Publishers already in business, people who were owners (own) of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition.5.(2019江苏高考)Joni praised him, telling her husband this could be his signature (sign) piece.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)For the first time in human history

24、 the population of older persons will be 1.larger (large)than the population of children.One reason is 2.that dramatic health advances have added 20 years to the average life-expectancy.And another is the low birth rates, which contribute to the 3.aging(age) society.People 4.traditionally(tradition)

25、retire at 65 and live 5.on government pensions.As people grow older, a huge financial burden will 6.be placed(place) on the government.Another concern is that medical 7.expenses(expense) increase with age.Experts suggest the 8.government(govern) should establish 9.a sound social security system.They

26、 also suggest that individuals start saving as soon as possible 10.to ensure(ensure)a financially secure retirement.短文改错It was a rain and cold night.I finish my evening classes and was about to go back to my house.I got into a taxi and told the driver my destination.To my surprise, the driver made a

27、n apology, says he didnt know the way.What come a taxi driver didnt know the way? I was a little of angry.At the moment, an old couple stopped our car.Their destination was the same as me, so he let them in.The two greeted us but the grandpa told the driver the way.From their conversation I knew the

28、 driver was a farmer and he has been a taxi driver just for three days.Im also new to Zhengzhou.Sometimes I make direction mistakes, but there is always someone can help me.It was cold outside, but I felt real warm.答案: 1.【解析】第一句rain改为rainy。考查形容词。句意: 那是一个寒冷的雨夜。修饰名词night用形容词, 故rain改为rainy。2.【解析】第二句fin

29、ish改为finished。考查时态。句意: 我上完晚课, 正要回家。事情发生在过去, 应该用一般过去时, 故finish改为finished。3.【解析】第四句says改为saying。考查非谓语动词。句意: 司机向我道歉, 说他不认识路。the driver与say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系, 表示主动, 用现在分词作状语, 故says改为saying。4.【解析】第五句What改为How。考查固定句式。句意: 出租车司机怎么会不认识路? how come表示“怎么会”, 故What改为How。5.【解析】第六句去掉of。考查a little of与a little的区别。句意: 我有点生气。

30、a little of修饰名词, a little修饰形容词或动词, 故去掉of。6.【解析】第八句me改为mine。考查代词。句意: 他们的目的地和我的一样。此处表示“我的”, 用名词性物主代词, 故me改为mine。7.【解析】第九句but改为and。考查连词。句意: 他们两个人向我们打招呼, 爷爷给司机指路。前后是顺承而非转折关系, 故but改为and。8.【解析】第十句has改为had。考查时态。句意: 从他们的谈话中我得知司机是一个农民, 刚开出租车三天。此处表示过去完成的动作, 应该用过去完成时, 故has改为had。9.【解析】第十二句someone后加who。考查定语从句。句意

31、: 但是总有人能帮助我。分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句, 先行词为someone, 指人, 关系词在从句中作主语, 故在someone后加who。10.【解析】第十三句real改为really。考查副词。句意: 外面很冷, 但我心里很温暖。修饰形容词warm用副词, 故real改为really。【易错误区】(1)误导原因: 不清楚语法规则。分别考查形容词, 时态, 非谓语动词, 固定句式, a little of与a little, 代词, 连词, 定语从句, 副词的区别。(2)去伪存真: 第一处: 考查形容词。句意: 那是一个寒冷的雨夜。修饰名词night用形容词, 故rainrainy。第

32、二处: 考查时态。句意: 我上完晚课, 正要回家。事情发生在过去, 应该用一般过去时, 故finishfinished。第三处: 考查非谓语动词。句意: 司机向我道歉, 说他不认识路。the driver与say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系, 表示主动, 用现在分词作状语, 故sayssaying。第四处: 考查固定句式。句意: 出租车司机怎么会不认识路? how come表示“怎么会”, 故WhatHow。第五处: 考查a little of与a little的区别。句意: 我有点生气。a little of修饰名词, a little修饰形容词或动词, 故删除 of。第六处: 考查代词。句意:

33、他们的目的地和我的一样。此处表示“我的”, 用名词性物主代词, 故memine。第七处: 考查连词。句意: 他们两个人向我们打招呼, 爷爷给司机指路。前后是顺承而非转折关系, 故butand。第八处: 考查时态。句意: 从他们的谈话中我得知司机是一个农民, 刚开出租车三天。此处表示过去完成的动作, 应该用过去完成时, 故hashad。第九处: 考查定语从句。句意: 但是总有人能帮助我。分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句, 先行词为someone, 指人, 关系词在从句中作主语, 故在someone后加who。第十处: 考查副词。句意: 外面很冷, 但我心里很温暖。修饰形容词warm用副词, 故re

34、alreally。核心素养通过旅游了解世界地理, 了解不同文化, 增强全球视野高考链接2020全国卷阅读理解A; 2020全国卷阅读理解A; 2020天津高考阅读理解B; 2019全国卷完形填空; 2018全国卷阅读理解A ; 2018全国卷阅读理解A ; 2018全国卷阅读理解A.话题与阅读理解(2020天津高考阅读理解B)“They tell me that youd like to make a statue(塑像)of meis that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream? ” The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervou

35、s girl.Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.“Yes, sir, ” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his.“I wouldnt have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr Mills, says I am ready.I plan to make it in an admirable manner.” Presid

36、ent Lincoln smiled.“Painters, sculptorstheyve all tried to make the best of this ordinary face, but Im afraid theres not much hope.What did you have in mind, Miss Ream? A bust(半身像)? ” Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice.“Of course I shouldnt have as

37、ked.A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size.” Vinnies face turned red.She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny figure.“Small does not mean weak, sir, ” she defended herself.“I was born in the country of Wisconsin.Ive driven teams of horses and carrie

38、d water.Making a full-length clay(粘土)figure would not exhaust my strength and that is what I intend to do! ”The Presidents eyes, brightened at her show of spirit.“Sorry, madam, I have underestimated you as I didnt know your background.”But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in

39、 thought.“Miss Ream, ” he sighed, “Id like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war.How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now? I hardly have a minute to myself.” Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office.“I work quickly, ” she said.Her voice

40、was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows.“If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.” The President seemed to consider her idea seriously.He got up and shook Vinnies hand warml

41、y, “Ive heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well.I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon.” The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President.【文章大意】本文为记叙文, 讲述一位来自威斯康星州的17岁少女维尼为第十六任美国总统亚伯拉罕林肯塑像的故事。在

42、两人的对话过程中, 自信的维尼用自己的智慧和应变能力, 打消了总统的顾虑, 说服了总统自己是有能力在他日理万机的行程中为他塑像的。1.What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln? A.Her aggressive personality.B.Mr Millss encouraging remark.C.President Lincolns gentle voice.D.Her interest in a challenging job.【解析】选B。推理判断题。题干问: 在向林肯总统请求时, 是什么给

43、予了维尼(女主人公)这样的自信? 根据第三段中“I wouldnt have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr Mills, says I am ready.”可知, 是米尔斯的鼓励性话语给了维尼信心。2.How did President Lincoln first respond to Vinnies request? A.Pleased.B.Thrilled.C.Regretful.D.Doubtful.【解析】选 D。细节理解题。题干问: 林肯总统对维尼的请求的第一反应是什么? 回到原文对话, 即第四、五段, 从总统说的话.but Im afra

44、id theres not much hope.What did you have in mind, Miss Ream? A bust? 以及would be much too big a project for a young woman your size.可知, 无论是从雕塑的大小还是雕塑者的体量上, 总统都不抱有希望, 表现出林肯总统一开始持质疑(Doubtful)的态度。故选D。3.Vinnie confirmed her ability to make a full-length statue by highlighting_.A.her experience from othe

45、r projectsB.her innocent childhood in the country C.the heavy labor she had done beforeD.the skill she picked up in Wisconsin【解析】选C。细节理解题。题干问: 维尼是通过强调什么来证明自己有能力制作全身雕塑的? 这段自我辩护来源于文章第六段: 维尼回顾了自己的出身, 用小时候从事体力活的成长经历来强调: Making a full-length clay figure would not exhaust my strength。因此, 维尼是用之前从事过的体力活来证明自

46、己能够为林肯总统制作全身雕塑。故选C。4.Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to _.A.achieve effects of natural lightingB.keep all her tools within easy reach C.observe the President at a right angleD.avoid disturbing the Presidents work【解析】选D。推理判断题。题干问: 维尼想选择靠窗的角落的原因/目的是什么? 主要信息来自第九段的谈话内容, 但信息的起点来自第八段:

47、“but as you know, we are in the middle of a war.How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now? ”总统表示自己工作繁忙, 无法抽出时间来制作雕像。因此, 维尼在第九段提出了自己的建议“If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk”, 可以推断

48、出, 是为了避免打扰总统的日常工作。故选D。5.What message does the story convey? A.A strong-willed soul can reach his goal.B.Experience helps to promote excellence.C.Ups and downs make one strong.D.Devotion requires enthusiasm.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。题干问: 这个故事传达出了什么样的信息? 维尼据理力争, 赢得了为总统制作全身雕像的机会。她的经历向我们证明了, 有志者事竟成, 即“A strong-wille

49、d soul can reach his goal.”故选A。【微技能点拨】 如何做主旨大意题本文中第5题为主旨大意题, 根据策略解题如下: Step 1看文章首(段)句: “They tell me that youd like to make a statue of meis that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream? ” Step 2看文章尾段(句)The President seemed to consider her idea seriously.He got up and shook Vinnies hand warmly, “Ive heard that yo

50、u are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well.I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon.” The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President.Step 3对比选项找最佳: 尝试解答 A。【语用提能】话题词汇statue; admirable; defend; exhaust; underest

51、imate; bony; intelligent短语a shade of少许; 微微【微语法填空】(2020天津高考阅读理解B改编)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Vinnie, a girl from Wisconsin wanted 1.to make(make) a statue of President Lincoln, for whom the job was really 2.challenging(challenge).Curious 3.about the girls idea, Lincoln 4.himself (he) asked her

52、 several 5.questions(question) to make sure she had developed a good way 6.to realize (realize) her wish.After 7.learning(learn) that the girl would do the job in his office while he did his job 8.as usual, the president thought the girl was not only talented, 9.but also intelligent.10.Finally (fina

53、l), Vinnie received the invitation from President Lincoln.话题与写作假如你是李华, 最近你市发现了一处汉文化遗址。是否应该对此加以开发以便扩大旅游资源? 请你给某英语报社写一封信, 反映此问题并发表自己的看法。1.赞成开发: 应开发利用以吸引更多的游客来旅游观光; 更好地了解历史; 增加旅游收入。2.反对开发: 应保持原样, 妥善保护, 以免遭人为破坏。3.你的观点。提示: cultural relic 文化遗址; explore开发注意: 1.词数: 100左右; 2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。Step 1写作技巧1

54、.词汇及其要点信息(1)支持; 赞成be in favor of(2)值得开发be worth exploring(3)吸引游客attract visitors(4)保持原样keep it as it is(5)充分利用make full use of2.句式升级(1)只有用这种方法它才不会被人们破坏。(用倒装句)It cannot be destroyed by people in this way. Only in this way can it not be destroyed by people.(2)一些学生反对开发, 认为应保持原样, 妥善保护。(用动词-ing形式)Some st

55、udents are against it and think that we should keep it as it is and protect it properly.Some students hold an opposite opinion, thinking that we should keep it as it is and protect it properly.(3)一些学生认为此处文化遗址值得开发, 这将会让人们更多地了解这段伟大的历史。(用同位语从句和定语从句)Some students think that the cultural relic is worth e

56、xploring, and this will make people learn more about the great history.Some students hold an opinion that the cultural relic is worth exploring, which will make people learn more about the great history.Step 2妙笔成篇Dear editor, Recently we have held a heated discussion on whether we should explore the

57、 Han cultural relic found near our city.Different students have different opinions.Some students are in favor of the idea.They hold an opinion that the cultural relic is worth exploring, which will make people learn more about the great history.Whats more, this cultural relic site can attract more v

58、isitors to our city, which will improve our tourism.However, others hold an opposite opinion, thinking that we should keep it as it is and protect it properly.Only in this way can it not be destroyed by people.In my opinion, we should ask the experts for advice to find a better way to make full use

59、of this cultural relic.Yours, Li Hua【加固训练】阅读填句Helpful ways to deal with a know-it-all friendSometimes having a friend who thinks she knows everything and always offers her unsolicited(主动提供的) advice can really make one upset.But with some ways to deal with know-it-all, you can easily cope with that f

60、riend.Also a know-it-all friend often acts as if she were the best. 1Try to understand.There may be a reason why your know-it-all friend does so.Maybe she has low self-esteem(自尊), or shes not happy in her life.2This tip is very important, especially if the know-it-all is your best friend.Give her a

61、little attention. Giving a little attention is one of the best ways to deal with a know-it-all friend.Show some enthusiasm about what the know-it-all says to give her enough attention, 3 Or this can lead to her giving more unsolicited advice.4 Often the know-it-all friend can say some not-so-nice th

62、ings, and these things are usually about you.Instead of thinking that something is not okay with you, never take her comments and advice personally.If you do so, you may really begin to become unnecessarily anxious.Have a talk with her.If youre sick and tired of all those unsolicited advice, come ri

63、ght out with it.Speak politely and dont insult(辱骂)her.Try to find a good time to talk to her.5Tell your know-it-all friend how it makes you feel and maybe she will respond well.A.Feel free to ignore her all the time.B.Dont take her comments personally.C.However, make sure you dont overdo it.D.Try no

64、t to go to those places where you think shell be.E.If you have such a friend, here are a few tips on coping with her.F.Try to understand her and understand why she acts the way that she does.G.You need to know what youre going to say and be sure to use only kind words.【文章大意】本文为议论文。有时, 有一个朋友认为她什么都知道,

65、 总是主动提出建议, 这真的会让人心烦意乱。作者给出了一些应对无所不知的朋友的有效方法, 你可以很容易地应对那个朋友。1.【解析】选E。根据上文“有时, 有一个朋友认为她什么都知道, 总是主动提出建议, 这真的会让人心烦意乱。”及下文对“应对无所不知的朋友的有效方法”的论述可知, E项“如果你有这样的朋友, 这里有一些应对她的方法。”符合此处语境。故E选项正确。2.【解析】选F。根据上文“试着去理解。也许你那位无所不知的朋友这样做是有原因的。也许她自尊心不强, 或者她的生活不快乐。”可知, F项“试着去理解她, 理解她为什么这样做。”符合此处语境。故F选项正确。3.【解析】选C。根据上文“对无所不知的人所说的话表现出一些热情, 给予她足够的关注”及下文“否则会导致她主动提出更多的建议”可知, C项“但是, 确保不要过度。”符合此处语境。故C选项正确。4.【解析】选B。根据下文“不要认为你有什么问题, 永远不要把她的意见和建议放在心上。”可知, B项“不要把她的话当真”符合此处语境。故B选项正确。5.【解析】选G。根据上文“说话要有礼貌, 不要侮辱她。找个好时间和她谈谈。”可知, G项“你需要知道你要说什么, 并且确保只说善意的话”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。关闭Word文档返回原板块