2023版高考英语一轮总复习 10年高考真题分类题组 专题七 语法填空.docx

1、专题七语法填空Passage 1(2021北京)AWhy do we dream? Scientists aren􀆳t completely sure, and they have diverse 1(idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything 2 happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 3(

2、connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.BSam is an in-real-life streamer (播主), and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 4 a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman

3、 wasn􀆳t able to give him any information about 5 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 6(safe) wait for the police to take her home.CThere 7(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 8(cause) largely by rising glo

4、bal temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 9(result) in USD2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 10(invest) in disas

5、ter prevention.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自我,主题语境内容是做梦。文章主要阐述了人做梦的缘由。1.ideas解题指导考查名词复数形式。关注句意所透出的名词的数的形式。解析 句意:科学家不是完全确定,并且他们有不同的观点。由diverse可知,此处应该用所给词的复数形式,即ideas。2.that解题指导考查定语从句。关注句意及句式结构。解析 句意:当你睡觉时,你的大脑整理了白天所发生的一切,尽量把新的经历和旧的记忆联系起来。分析该处句式结构并结合句意可知,此处引导定语从句;再分析定语从句成分可知,定语从句缺少主语,再由前面的先行词everything为不定代词可知

6、,此处只能填that。知识拓展在定语从句中,如果先行词是指物的不定代词,如everything、something、anything、nothing、all、little、a little等,且定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语的时候,定语从句的关系代词只能用that,不能用which。3.connects解题指导考查动词的时态和语态。关注句式结构、整个语篇的时态及句子描述的情境。解析 句意:当你的大脑连接事物时,它就会把它们变成一个故事,然后你就得到一个梦了。结合整个语篇的时态基调是一般现在时态,再分析此处是个状语从句,主句的时态用的是一般现在时,故从句的时态也应该用一般现在时,由主语为it且c

7、onnect与主语为主动关系可知,此处应填connects。难句分析原句:When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything that happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories.分析:本句中when引导的是时间状语从句,主句是“your brain sorts through everything that happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memor

8、ies”,在主句里面有一个由that引导的定语从句,修饰前面的先行词everything。译文:当你睡觉时,你的大脑整理了白天所发生的一切,尽量把新的经历和旧的记忆联系起来。B语篇解读本文为记叙文,主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是人际关系、社会交往。文章主要叙述了萨姆帮助一个老妇人回家的事情。4.on解题指导考查介词。关注句意及句子描述的情境。解析 句意:当他在一个寒冷的夜晚骑车回家时,他遇到一个独自一人在街道游荡、愁容满面的老妇人。这里指在“一个寒冷的夜晚”,故前面应该用on。5.where解题指导考查宾语从句。关注句意及句式结构。解析 句意:老妇人无法向萨姆提供任何有关她住处的信息。分析

9、该处句式结构并结合句意可知,此处引导宾语从句;再分析宾语从句成分并结合宾语从句意思可知,宾语从句缺少地点状语,故此处应填where。6.safely 解题指导考查副词。关注句意及所给词后面的动词。解析 句意:萨姆陪同她走到附近的一个便利店以便她能安全地等候警察来带她回家。由句意及所给词后面的动词可知,此处应该用所给词的副词形式,即safely。知识拓展walk sb. to someplace意为“陪伴/护送某人走到某处”,为固定用法,这里的walk为及物动词,意为“陪伴走,护送走”。难句分析原句:Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so

10、that she could safely wait for the police to take her home.分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句部分是:Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store,后面是由“so that”引导的目的状语从句。译文:萨姆陪伴她走到附近的一个便利店以便她能安全地等候警察来带她回家。C语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自然,主题语境内容是气候变化与自然灾害。文章主要阐述了近二十年全球气候变化导致了大量的自然灾害的发生。7.has been 解题指导考查动词的时态。关注句中的关键性时间状语。解析 句意:根据联合国的一

11、份新报告:在过去的二十年,出现了极端天气事件数量的急剧增多,这很大程度上是由全球气温不断上升所导致的。由句中的关键性时间状语“over the past 20 years”可知,此处应该用现在完成时态。8.caused 解题指导考查动词的非谓语形式。关注句意、句子结构及句中关键词。解析 分析整个句子可知,尽管句子很长,但它只是个简单句,故该处不能填谓语动词,只能填动词的非谓语形式;由空后的关键词by并结合句意可知,此处应填过去分词caused,表示被动。9.resulting 解题指导考查动词的非谓语形式。关注句意和句子结构。解析 句意:从2000年到2019年,全球共有7,348次严重的自然

12、灾害,导致29,700亿美元的经济损失。分析整个句子可知,句子前面是“there be”句型,后面用现在分词表示结果。10.to invest 解题指导考查动词的非谓语形式。关注句意和句子结构。解析 分析句子可知,这里的need为名词,意为“需要、需求”,后面应该用动词不定式形式作后置定语,修饰need。难句分析原句:There has been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures,

13、 according to a new report from the United Nations.分析:这是一个简单句。句子前面是“there be”句型,后面的过去分词短语“caused largely by rising global temperatures”作后置定语,修饰前面的“rise”。译文:根据联合国的一份新报告:在过去的二十年,出现了极端天气事件数量的急剧增多,这很大程度上是由全球气温不断上升所导致的。Passage 2(2020北京)AOliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1.(play) a

14、big role in his life. “My mum was a great cook, and shed sometimes let me have a try,” he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mums help. Oliver says if youre 2.(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3. you

15、can join in when its possible.BSingle-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 4.(throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years 5.(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apar

16、t 6. countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 7.(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.CA piece of stone 8.(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cle

17、verer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 9.(live) alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40,000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but its long been assumed that human ancestors were 10.(smart) than the Neanderthals. Howe

18、ver, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.答案A语篇解读本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我。本文讲述了美食电视节目的主持人奥利弗对美食的态度。本文旨在使读者更加热爱生活。1.plays/has played/is playing/has been playing本题考查时态。根据主句谓语动词says(一般现在时)及本句语境可知设空处需用现在的某种时态,可用一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时或现在完成进行时。2.lucky本题考查形容词。设空处作表语,表示“幸运的”,故填形容词lucky。3.if/whether本题考查

19、宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句,意为“是否”,故填if或whether。B语篇解读本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自然。本文主要介绍了一次性塑料袋对生态环境的危害。本文旨在提高读者的环保意识。4.are thrown句意:一次性塑料袋至多使用几次就被扔掉。本题考查时态和语态。设空处所在句子说的是现在的情况,需用一般现在时;从句主语they与throw为被动关系,需用被动语态,故填are thrown。5.to break句意:它们需要几百年才能分解。本题考查非谓语动词。“It takes+sb./sth.+一段时间+to do”为固定句型,故填不定式to break。6.into/to句意:随着时间

20、的推移,那些袋子会分解成无数的小碎片,鱼会不小心吃掉其中的一些。设空处前为动词短语,设空处后为名词复数,由此可判断设空处需用介词;设空处与fall apart连用,表示“分解成”,故填into或to。7.countries句意:现在,许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这样的袋子,以阻止人们使用它们。设空处与后面的regions并列作主语,由此可判断设空处需用名词形式;根据设空处前的lots of可知设空处需用名词复数形式,故填countries。C语篇解读本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明,已经灭绝的人类的近亲尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。8.found句意:

21、在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明,已经灭绝的人类的近亲尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。本题考查非谓语动词。被修饰词stone与find为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示的动作“已经完成”,故填过去分词found。9.lived/had lived/had been living句意:尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年,直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处所在句子说的是过去的事情,故设空处需用过去的某种时态,再根据本句的时间状语“for tens of thousands of years”可知设空处可用一般过去时、过去完成时或过去完成进行时。10.smarter句意:他们比现代人类强壮得多,但长

22、期以来人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人聪明。根据设空处后的than可知设空处需用形容词比较级作表语,故填smarter。Passage 3(2019北京)AOn the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I 1.(voice) my biggest concern to my mother,“How will I make friends?” She handed me advice, “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years, I h

23、ave lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously 2. (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to 3.(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.BEarth Day, 4.(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. Fi

24、rst celebrated 5. 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various 6.(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save powerthe possibilities are endl

25、ess.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question 7. (suggest)that, for most students, it doesnt. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8. they go. The students benefitting most from college are those 9. are totally engaged(参与) in academic life

26、, taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources(资源). Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 10.(meaning) college experience.答案A语篇解读本文为记叙文,主题语境是人与自我。本文

27、有助于提升学生自身素养,拥有正确处理问题的能力。本文记述了作者从自己一年级的经历中学到:在面对困难时,要做好自己。1.voiced考查时态。根据上文On the first day of my first grade可知此处是指发生在过去的事情,故用一般过去时。2.facing考查现在分词。句意:当紧张地面对挑战的时候,我知道我将低声对自己说这两个简单的词“Be yourself”。现在分词facing作状语,解释说明在什么情况下说“Be yourself”。3.myself考查反身代词。此处指低声对自己说,句子的主语和宾语指同一个人,故设空处应该填myself。B语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语

28、境是人与自然。本文旨在提升学生的环保意识。文章介绍了地球日,并且倡议我们每个人尽一份力,让我们的地球变得更好。4.marked考查过去分词。marked为过去分词,在句中作定语,说明地球日被庆祝的时间。5.in考查介词。句意:地球日首次庆祝于1970年,现在它包括在190多个国家和地区举办的活动。具体在哪一年用介词in。6.activities考查名词。句意:无论你想做什么,在地球日这一天,都有一种参与各种活动的方式。根据句中various可知,设空处应用名词的复数形式。C语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境是人与社会。文章提到大学生在大学期间怎么做,做什么很重要,积极参加大学的各种活动会让学生受益

29、匪浅。7.suggests/suggested/has suggested考查时态。句意:对这个问题的研究表明,对大部分学生来说无所谓。根据it doesnt可知是现在的情况,故suggest用一般现在时或现在完成时,但该从句所表达的是客观事实,故主句谓语动词用一般过去时也可以。8.where考查名词性从句。句意:学生们在大学里所做的事似乎要比他们上哪所大学重要得多。设空处引导宾语从句,该从句缺少地点状语,故填where。9.who/that考查定语从句。句意:从大学中最受益的学生是那些全力地参与学术生活,同时充分利用大学机会和资源的人。设空处引导定语从句,先行词是those,指人,关系词在从

30、句中作主语,指代学生,故此处填关系代词who或that。10.meaningful考查形容词。为健康且有意义的大学经历做必要的准备,越早越好。college experience 是名词短语,应该用形容词来修饰,且设空处所填词和healthy并列,故设空处应用meaning的形容词形式meaningful。高级词块1.with butterflies in ones stomach心慌,紧张2.raise public awareness about.提高公众对的认识长难句The students benefitting most from college are those who are

31、totally engaged in academic life, taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources.从大学中最受益的学生是那些全力地参与学术生活,同时充分利用大学机会和资源的人。这是一个主从复合句。主句是The students benefitting most from college are those。those是先行词,who are totally engaged in academic life是定语从句。taking full advantage of the colleges chances

32、 and resources为现在分词短语作状语,补充说明学生所做的活动。Passage 4(2016课标全国)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 1.(attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money

33、helps pay for research. I 2.(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 3.(official)given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 4.my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 5.I was t

34、he first Western TV reporter 6.(permit)to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 7.(introduce)British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent v

35、isit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 8.(it)mother. The nursery team switches him every few 9.(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 10.other is with mumshe never suspects.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文。文章描述了作者和熊猫结下的不解之缘。1.attraction考查名词。设空处作表语。句意:但是对于像我这样的旅行者,熊猫是成都

36、最吸引人的东西。attraction n.吸引人的事物。2.was allowed考查动词的时态和语态。由句子结构可知此处为谓语动词。主语“I”和动词“allow”之间为被动关系,根据上句中的谓语动词was可知,文章叙述的是过去发生的事,需用一般过去时,故此处需用一般过去时的被动语态。3.officially考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词。4.to考查介词。go back to“追溯到,回溯到”,为固定短语。5.when考查定语从句。先行词the mid-1980s为表示时间的名词,且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故用关系副词when引导。6.permitted考查非谓语动词。此处应用过去分词作

37、后置定语。7.introducing考查动名词。动词include后缺宾语,需用所给动词的动名词形式作宾语。8.its考查代词。此处为it的形容词性物主代词,意为“它的”。9.days考查名词的复数形式。few修饰可数名词复数,故其后的名词需用复数形式。10.the考查冠词。one.the other.“(两者中的)一个另外一个”,为固定结构。高级词块1.fancy/fnsi/adj. 豪华的 2.backstage/bkste/adv.到后台 3.switch/swt/v. 转换 4.suspect/sspekt/v.怀疑Passage 5(2016课标全国)If you feel stre

38、ssed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of 1.(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of 2.(achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 3.(be) often acceptable.Most of us are more f

39、ocused 4.our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So,get an early start and try to be as productive 5.possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 6.(study) show that we are far more productiv

40、e at work if we take short breaks 7.(regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 8.while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely 9.(bring) your work home. It could be anythinggardening, cooking,

41、music, sportsbut whatever it is, 10.(make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.答案语篇解读如果在工作中你感到了压力,如何解决?作者给出了几种实用的减压方式,可让身心得到放松。1.greater考查形容词比较级。根据此句中less,可知应该用great的比较级和less并列。2.achievement考查名词。根据介词of,可知设空处应该填名词形式,a sense of achievement一种成就感,此处achievement是不可

42、数名词。3.is考查主谓一致和时态。动名词作句子主语,谓语动词用单数形式且描述一般事实,故用is。4.on考查介词。我们大多数人早晨比一天中晚些时候更集中注意力于我们的工作。be focused on集中注意力于。5.as考查短语。as.as possible 尽可能。6.studies考查名词单复数。根据句中的谓语动词show,可知主语应该用复数形式,故填studies。7.regularly考查副词。此处应该用副词形式作状语。8.A考查冠词。for a while是固定短语,意为:一会儿。9.to bring考查不定式。be likely to do sth. 为固定短语,意为:有可能做某

43、事。10.make考查祈使句。但是无论是什么事,确保它是消除日常压力的事情而不是另一件让人担心的事情。高级词块1.achievement/tivmnt/n.成就;达到,完成 2.productive/prdktv/adj.富有成效的Passage 6(2016课标全国)In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl”cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 1. Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two lo

44、ng, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 2.(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 3.(create)special designs.T

45、he Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 4.(use) twigs(树枝)to remove it. Over time, 5.the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs

46、which 6.(gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 7. lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 8.(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 9.(be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are no

47、t used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 10.their hands.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了筷子及其发展的历史。1.and考查并列连词。此处表示并列关系而不是选择关系,其模式为“A,B,C and D”。故填并列连词and。2.be made考查情态动词和被动语态。be made of表示“由制成”,根据设空前的情态动词might可知,此处填be made。3.to create考查不定式。此处不定式作目的状语。4.using考查现在分词。现在分词在此处作伴

48、随状语。5.as/when考查连词。根据语境可知,此处用连词as/when引导时间状语从句。6.gradually考查副词。此处用副词修饰turned into。7.who考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词Confucius(孔子)指人,故需用关系代词who引导定语从句。8.development考查名词。由设空前的冠词the和设空后的of可知应用名词。9.were考查动词时态和主谓一致。由并列连词and连接宾语从句中的两个并列结构可知和would remind并列的应为谓语动词,故用be动词的过去式,又因knives为复数形式,故用were。10.with考查介词。由语境可知设空处

49、意为“用”,故填with。高级词块1.so-called/skld/ adj.所谓的 2.roughly/rfli/adv.大约Passage 7(2016上海,A)Bags of LoveLast year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mothers house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.After less than a

50、week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quicklywe were always suddenly out of something. 1.(wonder)how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and

51、 head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and 2.happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in 3.she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her a

52、nd even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit mewhy would she not want to tell me about what she 4.(do)?Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop 5.(buy)the groceries if I found out?When she got home, I told her about my discovery. 6.she could react, I gave

53、 her a big hug and told her she didnt need to keep it a secret 7.me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by 8.selfless sh

54、e was.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者母亲为难民营里的孩子提供食物的故事,同时作者也意识到自己母亲的无私伟大。1.Wondering考查非谓语动词。主语I与wonder是逻辑上的主动关系,故填Wondering。2.what考查名词性从句。主语从句中缺少主语且指物,故用what引导。3.which考查定语从句。此处关系代词前有介词in,故用which。4.had done考查动词的时态。在这之前母亲没有告诉作者她这样做的原因,动作发生在“过去的过去”,故用had done。5.buying考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”,故用buying。6.Befo

55、re考查连词。根据语境,母亲还未来得及做出反应,“我”就给了她一个拥抱,故用Before。7.from考查介词。keep sth. from sb.为固定搭配,意为“不将某事告诉某人,瞒着某人”。8.how考查宾语从句。selfless为形容词,用副词how来修饰。高级词块1.contribute to出力做,帮助2.be out of sth.用完某物3.distribute sth. to sb.把某物分发给某人Passage 8(2016上海,B)Stress: Good or Bad?Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now t

56、hat we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.In recent years, stress 1.(regard)as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress 2.

57、does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the 3.(good)your performance will be. Beyond a cert

58、ain point, though, further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself 4.number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of 5.,and yet find it impossible to

59、say no?Do you find yourself getting impatient or 6.(annoy)with people over unimportant things?.If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better 7.(control)your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your li

60、fe. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12, etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely 8.(get)ill.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,讲述压力从不为人知演变为各种疾病的成因之一。适当的压力对人们有利,而当压力超过一定的

61、限度,就会对人体造成危害。1.has been regarded根据句中的时间状语“In recent years”可知,时态应为现在完成时,故填has been regarded。2.that本句为强调句型It is+被强调部分+that+其他成分,故填that。3.better本句采用“the+比较级., the+比较级.越,就越”结构。4.Aa number of 为固定搭配,意为“大量的”。5.you考查人称代词。你有没有觉得他人对你的期待太多?故答案为you。6.annoyedor为并列连词,这里修饰人,故填annoyed。7.controlhad better do sth.最好做

62、某事。8.to getbe likely to do sth.有可能做某事。高级词块1.get stressed about.对感到焦虑2.a whole range of一系列的Passage 9(2016四川)The giant panda 1.(love) by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists 2.(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very 3.(care) mother. For 25 days

63、, she never left her baby, not even to find something 4.(eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural 5.(enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a hu

64、man does. 6.it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda 7.more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed 8.(it) mother for food. However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then,

65、after two and a half years, the mother 9.(drive) the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, 10.it was also time for the young panda to be independent.答案语篇解读中国科学家有机会研究了一只野生大熊猫养育熊猫宝宝的过程。小熊猫出生以后,熊猫妈妈片刻不离,悉心照顾孩子,两年以后,小熊猫跟妈妈学习生存技巧,两年半以后,小熊猫离开妈妈独立生活。1.is loved考查动词的时态和语态。大熊猫被全世界的人喜欢是事实,应

66、该用一般现在时;panda和love之间是被动关系,故答案是 is loved。2.recently考查副词。此处需用时间副词。3.caring/careful考查形容词。mother是名词,需要用形容词来修饰,结合下文可知答案为caring/careful。4.to eat考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。5.enemies考查名词复数。enemy为可数名词,天敌有多种,因此应用复数形式。6.When/If考查连词。此处引导状语从句,根据句意可知,当熊猫宝宝哭的时候/如果熊猫宝宝哭,熊猫妈妈会轻摇并轻拍它。故用When/If,注意在句首,首字母应该大写。7.for考查介词。设空处

67、后边的more than two years是一段时间,故用介词for。8.its考查代词。设空处是指“它的”,故用its。9.drove考查时态。此处指熊猫妈妈把小熊猫从身边赶走,此事已经发生,故用一般过去时。10.and考查连词。这是它再要一个宝宝的时候了,也是小熊猫该独立的时候了。空格前后为并列关系,故用and。高级词块1.lick/lk/v.舔2.pat/pt/n.轻拍 3.drive away驱赶Passage 10(2015课标全国)Yangshuo,ChinaIt was raining lightly when I1(arrive)in Yangshuo just before

68、 dawn.But I didnt care.A few hours2,Id been at home in Hong Kong,with3(it)choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain.Id skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River4are pictured by artists in so many Chines

69、e5(painting).Instead,Id headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin,its only an hour away6car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo7(be)really beautiful.A study of travelers8(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in th

70、e world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it9(regular)arranges quick getaways here for people10(live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.答案1.arrived考查动词的时态。由语境可知说的是过去的事,故用一般过去时。2.before/earlier考查副词。由句子的谓语动词是过去完成

71、时可知,该动作发生在“过去之前”,故填before或earlier。3.its考查代词。此处为形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词smog。4.that/which考查定语从句。先行词为the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River,指物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填关系代词that或which。定语从句是高考语法的必考点。主要考查关系代词和关系副词的选用。试题难度不大,关键是准确地找到先行词,然后判断关系词在定语从句中的句法作用。5.paintings考查名词的复数形式。名词前有many修饰,故需用复数形式。6.by考查介

72、词。by乘,坐(交通工具等)。by car坐小汽车。7.is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处叙述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故填is。8.conducted考查过去分词短语作定语。主语a study和动词conduct之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。9.regularly考查副词。修饰动词arranges应用副词形式。10.living考查现在分词短语作定语。被修饰的名词与动词live之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。非谓语动词是高考语法考查的重点。本题同第8题一样,考查分词作定语。解题的关键是弄清动词和其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。Pa

73、ssage 11(2015课标全国)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)1(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even2most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their3(able)to “air condition”a house without4(use)electric eq

74、uipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat5(slow)during cool nights, thus warming the house.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough6(cool)the house during the hot day;7the same time,they warm up again for th

75、e night. This cycle8(go)day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As9 (nature)architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most

76、 days.答案语篇解读你见过不用空调就能自动调节温度的房子吗?美国西南部的普韦布洛村落的印第安人就能修建这样的房子。本文介绍了普韦布洛村落的印第安人的神奇土坯房以及其自动调温的过程和原理。1.built考查非谓语动词作定语。非谓语动词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语为逻辑上的被动关系,故用built。2.the考查冠词。该空后面是最高级标志词most,表示“最”,故用定冠词the。3.ability考查词性转换。该空由their修饰,根据句意及the/ones ability to do的固定搭配可知应填名词ability。4.using考查非谓语动词作宾语。该空前有介词without,故用usin

77、g。5.slowly考查词性转换。该空修饰动词短语give out,故用副词形式。6.to cool考查非谓语动词作状语。“be+adj.+enough”后需用不定式作状语。7.at考查介词。根据固定搭配at the same time (同时)可知答案。8.goes考查动词的时态和主谓一致。整篇文章均用一般现在时叙述,且This cycle为第三人称单数,故用goes。9.natural考查词性转换。该空修饰名词architects,应用形容词natural。10.how考查宾语从句的引导词。此处说的是“普韦布洛村落的印第安人可以精确地计算出土坯房的墙需要有多厚”,故填how。Passage

78、 12(2015广东)Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned1farm,which looked almost abandoned.2(lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby3other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what4(leave)

79、. The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass5it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away,she6(fall)over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living7the cow.In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and

80、 vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees8(sell)the wood. Thinking about his childrens clothes, he started growing cotton too.When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs,vegetables and cotton in the market9people from the towns met regularly. Now it

81、 occurred to10that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文,题材为人物故事类。本文讲述了主人公Mr.Johnson的生活经历。虽然他意外地失去了以往用以谋生的奶牛,却在之后的生活中收获了更多,可谓“塞翁失马焉知非福”。1.a考查冠词。本空后为单数名词farm,且第一次提到,故填a。冠词是高考语法考查的必考项之一,主要考查冠词表泛指或特指的基本用法以及冠词的习惯用法。本题考查的就是不定冠词表泛指的基本用法。2.Luckily考查词性转换。本空

82、修饰整个句子,应用副词形式,故填Luckily。3.for考查介词。exchange.for.用交换。4.was left考查动词的时态和语态。谓语动词和主语之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,又因为动作发生在过去应用一般过去时,故填was left。5.when考查连词。此句中when意为“这时”。6.fell考查动词的时态。此空前为主语she,根据语境可知应用一般过去时,故填fell。7.without考查介词。根据上文可知Mr.Johnson失去了他的奶牛,且此空后为the cow,故用介词without。8.to sell考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知此处表示他开始砍伐树木的目的,故填to s

83、ell。9.where考查定语从句。先行词是表地点的名词market,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。10.him考查代词。根据句型It occurred to sb.that.“某人想到”及上下文中的人称使用情况可知答案。Passage 13(2014课标全国)Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It1(be)unimaginable th

84、at it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 2(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of3most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasnt changed in a few days4even a few months. It took years of work5(reduce)the industrial pollu

85、tion and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is6(clean)than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit7is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face

86、 such an impossible situation,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are8(amaze)stories of instant transformation,for most of us the 9(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be10(patience).答案语篇解读本文以花费多年时间解决河流污

87、染为例来告诫我们:当我们面临貌似不可能改善的情况时,一定要有耐心,变化是循序渐进的,是需要付出很多努力的。1.was考查时态。句意:当时很难想象这条河流能够被清理干净。上一句提到In 1969,所以此处要用一般过去时。2.actually考查词性转换。该空处修饰动词,所以要用副词形式actually,意为“事实上,实际上”。3.the考查冠词。句意:多年之后,现在这条河流成了环境清理最杰出的例子之一。此处是“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构。4.or考查连词。句意:但是这条河流不是在几天内改变的,甚至也不是在几个月内改变的。or用于否定句中,意为“也不,也不是,也没有”。

88、5.to reduce考查非谓语动词。句意:减少工业污染和净化河水花费了多年的工作。It takes/took.to do sth.做某事花费,为固定句式,故填动词不定式to reduce。该句式中it是形式主语,不定式短语才是真正的主语。6.cleaner考查形容词的比较级。句意:最后,辛苦的工作得到了回报,现在河水比以前干净多了。根据句中比较级的标志词than可知,该空应用比较级,故填cleaner。7.that/which考查定语从句。句意:可能你有一种让你家人发疯的习惯。根据句子结构可知该空应是定语从句的关系词,先行词是a habit,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which

89、。8.amazing考查词性转换。虽然有一些令人吃惊的快速改观的故事,但是对我们大部分人来说,变化是循序渐进的,并且也是需要很多努力和工作的。设空处修饰表示“事物”的名词stories,应该用形容词形式amazing(令人吃惊的)。不能用amazed(感到吃惊的)。9.changes考查名词。定冠词the后面应该填名词,根据谓语动词are和require可知应是名词的复数形式,故填changes。10.patient考查词性转换。句意:要有耐心。此处be动词后面应是形容词作表语,故填patient(耐心的)。高级词块catch fire起火pay off达到目的,成功Passage 14(20

90、14课标全国)One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about1(be)late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop,2some of them looked very anxious and3(disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board.I got a place next4the window, so I had a good view of the sidew

91、alk. A boy on a bike5(catch)my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused6(stop)until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept7(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when w

92、e came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“8anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh dear!Its9(I).”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on t

93、he bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers10(sudden)became friendly to one another.答案语篇解读本文讲述了一位不知名的少年骑车追还失主手提箱的故事。1.being介词后用动名词作宾语。2.andand连接两个句子,表示顺承关系。3.disappointed表示人的内心活动,应使用-ed形式的形容词,这里指他们看起来既焦虑又失望。4.tonext to是固定短语,意为“挨着,靠近”。5.caught全文在叙述一件往事,应以一般过去时为主,故这里应使

94、用catch的过去式caught。6.to stop表示“拒绝做某事”时,refuse后接不定式作宾语。7.riding表示“继续(不间断地)做某事”时,要用keep doing sth.,相当于continue doing sth.。8.Did句尾的问号提示该句为疑问句,“丢失”是发生在过去的动作,故应使用助动词did。9.me/mine该句既可以用宾格me表示“是我(丢了手提箱)”,也可以用名词性物主代词mine表示“那是我的手提箱”。10.suddenly副词修饰动词。高级词块on board在船上(或飞机上、火车上)next to靠近push ones way推开人群通过Passage

95、 15(2014广东)Last year,my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said1was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went,we had planned for months.When the day came,we were ready.After our plane landed,we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation si

96、x months2(early),but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We3(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week,4for the week after.I didnt understand 5this would happen and my credit card had already been charged6the reservation.Whats worse,the hotel had been fully booked.Whe

97、n we were wondering what to do,the manager came out.She was7(surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on8top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room,and we werent charged extra.The next day,my brother and I went to the beach9we watched some people play v

98、olleyball.We got a little10(sunburn),but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文,题材为个人经历。讲述了作者的一次旅游经历。虽然预订房间出现了差错,但问题得到了很好的解决,作者感到很满意。1.it考查代词。it指代Miami。2.earlier考查副词。six months earlier六个月前。3.were told考查时态和语态。因为叙述的是过去发生的事情且we与tell之间是被动关系,所以本句使用一般过去时的被动语态。4.but考查连词。not.but.不是而是。此处表示句意的转折。5.why/how考查宾语从句的连接词。我不理解为什么会发生这样的事。/我不理解这样的事是如何发生的。6.for考查介词。charge.for.向收(费)。7.surprisingly考查副词。此处修饰形容词helpful,所以应使用surprise的副词形式surprisingly。8.the考查冠词。the top floor顶层。9.where考查定语从句。因为先行词是地点名词,关系词在定语从句中作状语,所以填where。10.sunburnt/sunburned考查过去分词。get sunburnt/sunburned晒伤。