江苏省南京市2012届高三5月英语热身训练（2）任务型阅读.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家任务型阅读请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。(A)Social function of public libraries in rural areasPublic libraries are various, such as Popular Library, Community Library, Municipal Library, Parish library and Model Public Library.The public libraries in underdeveloped countr

2、ies are marginalized and without any leading role in society. To develop “social function of the public library as an agent of change for rural development, we need to know more about the public library. The public library is the institution that serves a social function as a change agent in transmi

3、tting information and knowledge to the rural development without distinction of religion, race, political beliefs, or gender or sex. “Its an education for the people.” The social roles of the public library includes: developing an additional training courses to the rural school, trying to raise the

4、socioeconomic status, intellectual and moral development of rural populations. Through the different activities taking place: Training courses, productive workshops, lectures on various topics, holiday supplies, etc;serving many people who had to leave school early (very typical of rural areas) by p

5、roviding adequate equipment and personnel to their information needs;facilitating and encouraging reading in rural areas, acting as an effective tool against illiteracy, which in Peru and Latin America is one of the socio-educational problems that we suffer;helping users disoriented and not accustom

6、ed to consult the rural library, encouraging, motivating and attracting them to obtain maximum benefit and satisfaction of their readingsacting as an “Information Center for all”, but not a “Deposit and audiovisual library materials; for use by all members of the Community, particularly in rural are

7、as. What is interesting in learning, increasing their knowledge and culture, strengthening their appreciation of life and achieve their ideals. The social roles of the public library will depend much on their structure: Child, Youth, Adult, Senior, and its system of organization: Central and branch

8、offices, mobile libraries, book bags, methods widely used in rural areas of many countries. The public library is a state institution, and therefore promoted and sustained by it. It plays the role of the public service. It should not be an inert entity, as has happened in most developing countries.

9、Within a context of underdevelopment, public library remains as an institution isolated from the interests of the population, despite all efforts are made individually to avoid it. The public library and the rural development should be closely related, with the support of an appropriate education po

10、licy.Social function of public libraries in rural areasSocial structure, Child, Youth, Adult, Senior, and its system of the organizationStructures (80) the social roles(71) of librariesProblem mentionedSocial (74) Popular Library, (72) Library, Municipal Library, Parish library and Model Public Libr

11、aryThe public library in underdeveloped countries are not taking a (73) role in their societydeveloping (75) training courses, productive workshops, lectures on various topics, holiday supplies, etc;serving early school-leavers (76) providing adequate equipment and personnel to their information nee

12、ds;facilitating and encouraging reading in rural areas, acting as an effective tool against (77) .helping those who are not used to using a library to (78) the most benefit and satisfaction of their readings(79) as an “Information Center for all” 答案：71. Types / Kinds72. Community 73. leading 74. rol

13、es75. additional / supplementary76. by77. illiteracy78. gain/obtain/get/achieve79. acting 80. supporting(B)“HEARTLESS”its not usually a word you would want to use to describe a person. But having his heart removed was what saved Craig Lewis lifeand what made him the first living “heartless” man.The

14、55-year-old had been dying of heart disease. He was told that he only had 12 hours to live. That was when Billy Cohn and Bud Frazier, two doctors from the Texas Heart Institute, US, decided to try something new. They removed Lewis heart and replaced it with an artificial (人造的) one. Less than a week

15、after the operation, Lewis was able to sit up in bed and speak to his family, according to Reuters.Lewis kept on living like a normal person, with only one differencehe didnt have a heartbeat. The human heart usually pumps blood through our bodies by beating regularly. By contrast, this artificial h

16、eart pushes the blood forward with two moving blades(桨叶). If you were to touch Lewis or listen to his chest, you would not feel a heartbeat. If you hooked him up to an EKG(心电图) machine, the line would be flat.Scientists have been trying to create a working artificial heart for years. Many people suf

17、fer from serious heart disease and cannot get transplants. Until now, all artificial hearts either broke down or caused blocks and infections.But after five years of hard work, Dr Cohn and Dr Frazier developed this artificial heart. It is smaller and quieter than other artificial hearts and can last

18、 much longer. They tested it on 38 calves (牛犊) and all of them turned out energetic and healthy. Lewis is the first human proof that the machine is a success.The doctors will have to work more on the device and decide on a final design before it can be widely used. The US Food and Drug Administratio

19、n will also need to say that the machine is safe. But this artificial heart looks likely to bring a ray of hope to thousands of patients.Life as a heartless manPassage outlineSupporting detailsA (71) in the history of medicine55-year-old Lewis was on the (72) of death. He was told that he only had 1

20、2 hours to live.Two American doctors had his heart (73) and replaced it with an artificial one. That made Lewis the first living heartless man.Differing from the human heartLewis new heart pushes the blood forward with two moving blades.His heart rate is at (74) with a (75) line on the screen of an

21、EKG machine.(76) of this artificial heartIt is smarter and quieter than other artificial hearts and can last much longer.It hasnt yet broken down. Nor has it got (77) and infected.Reasons for being (78) about this artificial heartThe doctors will have to further (79) the device before it is massivel

22、y produced.Yet this artificial heart looks likely to bring the opportunity of (80) to thousands of patients.答案：71. wonder 72. edge 73 removed 74. zero 75. flat 76. Characteristic/ Features / Superiorities / Strengths / Advantages / Benefits77. blocked78. optimistic / positive 79. improve 80. recover

23、y / life (C)Which is the best college or university in the country? That all depends on who you ask. There are several well-respected college ranking experts out there, but their number one picks vary wildly, from West Point to Harvard University. If anyone is using the rankings as the only way to d

24、ecide, that is wrong for the rankings. Here is what you need to know to use each of them well when considering college choices.The methods vary wildly. U.S. News & World Report ranks colleges nationally and by region and type, so large national universities, like Harvard and Princeton, dont appear o

25、n the same lists as smaller liberal arts colleges. The colleges themselves provide information including reputation surveys, admissions data, SAT and ACT scores, acceptance rates, faculty salaries, financial resources, class size, and student-faculty ratios. Failure to fill out a survey completely (

26、or having the survey completed by different people from year to year) can result in a change in rank. Rankings are generally stable over time.Forbes, which started ranking colleges in 2008, does not divide schools by size or region. Instead, 650 schools are ranked for Forbes based on student evaluat

27、ions on RateMyP, the number of graduates listed in Whos Who in America, salary information for graduated from P, average student loan debt and default rates, and four-year graduation rates, among other things.The Princeton Review offers up 62 different Top 20 lists instead of ranking schools in orde

28、r from best to worst. The data comes from surveying 122,000 students at 376 colleges, The Princeton Review said in a statement, and their lists offer rankings on everything from class size, political activity to social life.Know what you want in a college.Before putting much weight into a schools ra

29、nk, its important for students to decide what theyre really looking for in a collegeand they shouldnt wait until the last minute to start their search. They have to do the hard homework of understanding the cost, location, activities listening to peoples advice about where students from that high sc

30、hool have gotten into.Consider the classes and degrees offered by each collegedo they fit your interests? What is the campus likedo you want a city setting or a classic, tree-lined courtyard? If you can, visit several schools and talk to studentswhat teaching style do the instructors have, how are t

31、he classrooms set up? And, last but not least, take a look at tuition, room, board, and fees, as well as typical financial aid packageswhich schools are affordable for your family?Top universities in any ranking list are probably the most competitive. It goes without saying that only a small number

32、of students can get into the top 10. Students need to be realistic about their qualifications, and understand that, even if they are qualified, they still might not get in. “The top 10 could be drawn from the top five percent of high school students or even less. Theres simply no place to accept eve

33、ry applicant. Title: How to use college (71) wiselyIntroductionUniversities are ranked wildly (72) on top lists.Methods of ranking collegesU.S. News & World Report by region and type with information provided by each college (73) .Forbesbased on (74) evaluationsThe Princeton Reviewbased on (75) like

34、 class size, political activity and social lifeInformation you need to know about collegesto do hard homework in (76) to know well about collegesto (77) your own interest.(78) to get into top universitiesIt is hard for students, to be (79) to top universities, which do not have enough (80) for every

35、 applicant even qualified students.答案：71. rankings72. differently73. itself74. student / graduate / students / graduates 75. everything 76. advance77. consider 78. Chances / Opportunities79. admitted80. place (D)You want to be confident and feel confident, but what if youre starting with little or n

36、o confidence? True self-confidence isnt an overnight acquisition. It takes dedication to realize you are a good human being that is worthy of respect and love. Recognize your insecuritiesWhat does that voice in the back of your mind say? Why do you feel uncomfortable or ashamed of yourself? This cou

37、ld be anything from regrets to friends at school or negative experience. Whatever is making you feel unworthy, or ashamed, identify it, give it a name, and write it down. You can also tear these written pieces to start feeling positive on those points. Get rid of insecurities graduallyEach day you s

38、hould weaken it. Theres no quick fix. Get to the root of the problem; focus on it and understand that you need to resolve each issue before you can move on. Check if it is an old past emotion and if it is really still relevant or applicable in your life today. And that does not mean you have to get

39、rid of whatever makes you feel bad (many times, you simply cant). You need to learn to accept yourself, your past, your circumstances as they are, without necessarily thinking of them as “bad”. Identify your successesEveryone is good at something, so discover the things at which you do extremely wel

40、l, then focus on your talents. Give yourself permission to be proud of them. Give yourself credit for your successes. Inferiority (自卑) is a state of mind in which youve declared yourself a victim. Do not allow yourself to be victimized. Be PositiveAvoid self-pity, or the pity and sympathy of others.

41、 Never allow others to make you feel inferiorthey can only do so if you let them. If you continue to dislike and look down upon yourself, others are going to do and believe likewise. Instead, speak positively about yourself, about your future, and about your progress. Do not be afraid to show your s

42、trengths and qualities to others. By doing so, you strengthen those ideas in your mind and encourage your growth in a positive direction. Apply “facial feedback theory” Studies surrounding whats called the facial feedback theory suggest that the expressions on your face can actually encourage your b

43、rain to express certain emotions. So by looking in the mirror and smiling every day, you might feel happier with yourself and more confident in the long run. Help othersWhen you know youre helpful to the people around you, and are making a positive difference in other peoples lives (even if its just

44、 being kinder to the person who serves you coffee in the morning), youll know that you are a positive force in the worldwhich will boost yourself confidence. Now, dear friends, will you let confidence keep you company? Be confident, and accomplishing your goals will be just around the corner.Title:

45、The ways to become confidentSpecific ways Supporting detailsRecognizing insecuritiesFind out what (71) you uncomfortable or ashamed，forget it and feel positive. (72) insecurities graduallyFind out the (73) of problems, resolve them and learn to accept (74) you are.Identifying successesFind out your

46、talents, take pride in them and (75) yourself for your successes.Being positiveSpeak (76) about yourself.Dont make yourself (77) by others. Applying “facial feedback theory”Look in the mirror and smile to gain more (78) .Helping othersBe of (79) to the people around you.ConclusionConfidence helps pe

47、ople accomplish goals and become worthy to be (80) and loved. 答案：71. makes72. Removing73. causes / roots 74. what 75. praise 76. positively 77. pitied / sympathized 77. Looking 78. confidence 79. help 80. respected(E)Those who like to play with words are clever, or consider themselves clever. Playin

48、g with words in trademark registration, however, might bring you trouble or even a lawsuit (起诉).US basketball star Michael Jordan filed a lawsuit against Chinese company Qiaodan Sports last week for unauthorized use of his name. The company denied the accusation.“We just use a Chinese translation of

49、 a common foreign family name and it cannot be identified with Michael Jordan,” said Hou Lidong, the companys public relations manager.Jordan and his lawyer are waiting for the courts reply. But experts have said Jordans lawsuit may be difficult to win.Chinas law states that a trademark “shall not c

50、onflict with any previous right acquired by another person.” The “first to use” is a globally recognized principle.In this sense, Qiaodan Sports use of the name is legal in China.But the Chinese companys actions may form an act of unfair competition, said Fu Minrong, a lawyer of Xinwenhua Law Firm i

51、n Shanghai, because company profits from making connections between its brand and Michael Jordan.A marketing institute based in Shanghai surveyed 400 young people in 2009. About 90% of the respondents thought Qiaodan Sports belongs to Michael Jordan, the Beijing Daily reported.Even if Jordan loses t

52、he lawsuit, Chinese brands such as Qiaodan are not winners either.The case reflects a big problem for Chinese brandscopycatting (盲目模仿), commented the Beijing Business Today. Critics point out that Qiaodan Sports reputation and sales would receive a big blow, as customers are unwilling to be referred

53、 to as common buyers of copycat goods.Trademark preemptive (抢先的) registration is a global issue. In some cases, it even has become a tool of business competition.Shaolin Temple, for instance, found in 2004 that more than 1,000 brands containing “Shaolin” had been registered without the approval of t

54、he temple in the US, Japan and Europe.To deal with that, the temple set up the Henan Shaolin Temple Industrial Development Co, to protect the temples intellectual property rights, Xinhua news agency reported.The company has registered about 100 Shaolin-related brands in China and has applied to regi

55、ster “Shaolin” brands in over 100 countries, Xinhua said.Companies with a global vision are fully aware of the importance of trademarks.Although Facebook is inaccessible on the Chinese mainland, it has registered two Chinese trademarks in 2011 and an English trademark in 2007.Title: Brand name battl

56、esOutlineSupporting DetailsA trademark battle US basketball star Michael Jordan took Chinese company Qiaodan Sports to (71) . The company insists they just use a Chinese translation of a common foreign family name and it has (72) to do with Michael Jordan.Different (73) to the lawsuitExperts say tha

57、t Qiaodan Sports use of the name is legal in China. It (74) to Chinas law and principle.A lawyer in Shanghai says that an act of unfair competition arises, because Qiaodan Sports benefits from Michael Jordan (75) .No (76) Experts think that Jordans lawsuit may be difficult to win.Qiaodan Sports repu

58、tation and sales would be ruined due to customers unwillingness to be (77) common buyers of copycat goods.The causes of trademark lawsuits and (78) to themCopycatting, which is a big problem for Chinese brands(79) trademarks preemptively, which is a global issueHaving a global vision and raising the (80) of trademarksBeing good at protecting intellectual property rights答案：71. court72. nothing73.reactions / attitudes74. corresponds 75. directly76. winner77. called78. solutions 79. Registering 80. awareness高考资源网版权所有，侵权必究！