江苏省常熟中学2019-2020学年高二英语12月阶段学习调研试试题（含解析）.doc

1、江苏省常熟中学2019-2020学年高二英语12月阶段学习调研试（含解析）第一卷（选择题，共20分）第一部分：听力选择（共两节，满分20分做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上. 第一节（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）听下而5段对话.每段对话后育一个小题，从题中所给的A, B、C三个选项中迭出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小題和阅读下一小題，每段对话仅读一遍.1. Whats wrong with the man?A. He has bad eyesight. B. He has a hea

2、dache. C. He feels dizzy.2. Where are the speakers?A. At a cinema. B. At the railway station. C. At the airport.3. How does the woman feel?A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Worried.4. How much gasoline did the two speakers use last month?A 52 liters. B. 13 liters. C. 26 liters.5. What are the speakers ma

3、inly talking about?A. A supermarket. B. Anew store. C. A piece of furniture.第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10）分）听下西5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所堆的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标 在试卷的相应位置， 听每段对话前， 你将有$秒钟的时间阅读各个小题； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间.每段对 话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题.6. Why does the man make the call?A. Because the hotel is noisy.B.

4、Because the room is small.C. Because the TV isnt working.7. How does the man feel at last?A. Satisfied. B. Puzzled. C. Annoyed.听第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8. What do the speakers decide to do?A. Play bowling. B. Play tennis. C. Go dancing.9. When will the man leave?A. At 7:00. B. At 730. C. At 8:00.10. What doe

5、s the man think of driving a car?A. Time-saving. B. Troublesome. C. Comfortable.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题.11. What is the woman doing?A. Joking about the mans Km experiences.B. Taking the man into trying something fun.C. Giving the man advice on avoiding danger.12. What does the woman prefer to do this weeke

6、nd?A. Go to the library. B. Go mountain biking, C. Stay at home.13. What happened to the man on his last fishing trip?A. He broke his arm. B. He got sunburnt. C. He didnt catch any fish.听笫9段材料，回答第14至16題.14. Which word may best describe the woman?A. Encouraging. B. Dishonest, C. Interesting.15. What

7、does the man worry about?A. How to speak to a woman bravely.B. How to develop a real interest.C. How to balance his study and work.16. Why does the man want to go back to school?A. He has too loose a schedule.B. He loves the feeling with students.C. He wants to decide his future development听第10段材料，回

8、答第17至20题.17. Whats the purpose of providing the school students with yoga exercises?A. To enable students to reject violence.B. To help students face struggles more properly.C. To eliminate（消除）poverty more effectively.18. What can students learn in the Mindful Moment Room?A. How to calm down by talk

9、ing to teachers.B. How to clear their mind at night.C. How to respond to situations better.19. What change have yoga exercises brought to school?A. More students dropped out of school last year.B. There is less bad behavior on campus.C. More students are willing to be sent to the office.20. What doe

10、s the speaker think of yoga?A. Its effect on students remains to be seen.B. Everyone can benefit from it.C. There is enough evidence for its importance.第二部分：阅读理解：（共两节，满分40分）第一节：（共15小题，每小題2分，满分30分AI was ever bullied badly when I was in high school. One kid in particular would try to make me feel wors

11、e in every way he knew. For example， he would throw stuff at me constantly， hit me on the head， punch（殴打）me， call me ugly and stupid， make fun of me and， of course tell me he would beat me up if I ever fought back. It was like his daily mission.And it was my daily mission to just get through the day

12、. What could I say？ It made my world very small because that was my main focus-just surviving. Everything else fell by the wayside. Unfortunately， that included any form of social life. So not only was my world tiny， but it was very lonely.Looking back to that time， which was about 11 years ago， my

13、biggest mistake was not bringing anyone into that world of mine. I was too proud （and embarrassed） to get help. I would rather not face the fact that I needed help because in my mind， that would mean that the bully won. It would also mean that I was weak.Let me just say this： bullying someone is a w

14、eak choice. The only reason why they come after you is that they think you wont do anything about it. Does that make anyone strong？ Absolutely not. Be stronger-ask a parent， a teacher or a friend for help. Simply admit that you are struggling and need help.You can put it like this， Somebody who is w

15、eak and trying to build himself or herself up has chosen to do that by putting me down. The only reason why they are doing that is that I am nice and I havent done anything about it yet. Well I am through putting up with this. I have basic human rights that they are trying to take away to feel bette

16、r and that is just not OK. How do I handle this？ I dont want the pain cycle to continue and I dont want to become someone I dont want to be.1. What did the author do when he was bullied？A. He just hoped that he could survive the day.B. He fell by the wayside.C. He called for help immediately.D. He f

17、ought back bravely.2. The author suggests _ to fight bullies.A. getting used to the pain as soon as possibleB. keeping it a secret inside and reducing your social lifeC. looking for help from parents， teachers or friendsD. promoting the understanding of basic human rights3. The author probably wrote

18、 this article to _ .A. admit that he had been treated badly at schoolB. describe how he got rid of his weakC. show how grateful he was to those who helped hitD. share his experience and ideas on dealing with bullies【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文 , 作者结合自己被欺凌的经历来分享他在处理欺凌问题上的经验和想法。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一

19、句“And it was my daily mission to just get through the day. What could I say？ It made my world very small because that was my main focus-just surviving. (我每天的任务就是撑过这一天。我能说什么呢？它让我的世界变得很小，因为那是我的主要关注点熬过来).”可知，当被欺负时，作者他只是希望他能熬过来。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句 “Be stronger-ask a parent, a teacher or a friend f

20、or help. Simply admit that you are struggling and need help(要坚强向父母、老师或朋友寻求帮助。坦白承认你正在挣扎并且需要帮助).”可知，作者建议从父母、老师或朋友那里寻求帮助来对抗恶霸。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第一、二句“I was ever bullied badly when I was in high school. One kid in particular would try to make me feel worse in every way he knew(我在高中的时候被欺负得很厉害。有个孩子特别喜欢

21、用他知道的各种方式让我感觉更糟).”以及下文介绍的对抗欺凌的经验和方法可知，作者写这篇文章来分享自己被欺凌的经历以及在处理欺凌问题上的经验和想法。故选D。BA robot called Bina48 has successfully taken a course in the philosophy of love at Notre Dame de Namur University (NDNU), in California.According to course instructor William Barry associate professor at NDNU, Bina48 is th

22、e worlds first socially advanced robot to complete a college course, an achievement he described as “remarkable. The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.Before becoming a student, Bina48

23、speared as a guest speaks in Barrys classes for several years. One day when addressing Barrys class, Bina48 expressed a desire to go to college, a desire that Barry and his students enthusiastically supported. Rather than enroll Bina48 in his Robot Ethics: Philosophy of Emerging Technologies course

24、Barry suggested that Bina48 should take his course Philosophy of Love instead. Love is a concept Bina48 doesnt understand, said Barry Therefore the challenge would be for Barry and his students to teach Bina48 what love is.Some interesting things happened in the class, said Barry. He said that his s

25、tudents thought it would be straightforward to teach Bina48 about love, which, after all, is fairly simple its a feeling, said Barry. But the reality was different. Bina48 ended up learning 31 different versions of love, said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working wi

26、th artificial intelligence in future.Bina48 participated in class discussions via Skype and also took part in a class debate about love and conflict with, students from West Point. Bina48s contribution to the debate was filmed and posted on YouTube. It was judged that Bma48 and NDNU classmates were

27、the winners of this debate.In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replacing instructors completely。4. What was Bina48s performance like in class?A. U

28、nattractive.B. Impractical.C. Unbelievable.D. Extraordinary.5. What does the underlined word addressing in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Giving a speech to.B. Consulting with.C. Dealing with.D. Sending a letter to.6. What can we learn from the passage?A. It was impossible for Bina48 to learn about lo

29、ve.B. It was quite difficult for Bina48 to learn about love,C. Humans can launch, a challenge to artificial intelligence.D. Artificial intelligence may somehow be superior to man.7. What does Barry think of the future development of Bina48?A. It will surely be able to serve as a teacher.B. It will c

30、ompletely take the place of instructors.C. It will be able to promote learning and teaching.D. It will be smart enough to control human beings.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人Bina48成功地完成爱的哲学这门课程。Bina48在未来有望能够促进学习和教学。【详解】1.推理判断题。答案定位在第二段“Bina48 is the worlds first socially advanced rob

31、ot to complete a college course, a feat he described as “remarkable.” The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.”Bina48是世界上第一个完成大学课程的社交高级机器人，他称之为”非凡”机器人，参加了课堂讨论，与学生搭档做了演讲，并参加了与其他机构学生的辩论。可知，

32、Bina48在课堂上参与讨论，与伙伴一起做报告，参与辩论，被描绘成为“卓越的”。因此推断出它的表现是非凡的。A. Unattractive. 不吸引人注意的；B. Impractical.不切实际的；C.Unbelievable 难以置信的；D.Extraordinary非凡的 ，故选D。2.词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barrys classes for several years.”在成为一名学生之前，Bina48在Barry的课堂上担任客座演讲者好几年。可以

33、推断出他经常进行演讲，故划线句句意是：一天当Bina48在Barry的课堂上演讲时，他表达了想要上大学的愿望，Barry和他的学生热情地支持他的这个愿望。故划线 词词义与A项“进行演讲”意义相近，故选A。3.推理判断题。结合第四段中“Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versions of love,” said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in future.”可知，Bina4

34、8最终学习了31种不同版本的爱，强调了人类未来可能会面临人工智能的挑战。因此可以推断出，人工智能可能在某种程度上优于人类，故选D。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replacing instructors complete

35、ly”可知Barry认为未来Bina48可能会变得足够复杂，可以教授课程，他预计机器人将被更好地用于教学和学习体验，而不是完全取代教师。因此推断出他认为Bina48在未来能够促进学习和教学，故选C。CThe worlds insects are hurtling down the path to extinction, threatening a “catastrophic collapse of natures ecosystems”, according to the first global scientific review. More than 40% of insect speci

36、es are declining and a third are endangered, the analysis found. The rate of extinction is eight times faster than that of mammals, birds and reptiles.“It should be of huge concern to all of us, for insects are at the heart of every food web, they pollinate the large majority of plant species, keep

37、the soil healthy, recycle nutrients, control pests, and much more. Love them or loathe them, we humans cannot survive without insects, ” said Prof Dave Goulson at the University of Sussex in the UK.The analysis, published in the journal Biological Conservation, says intensive agriculture is the main

38、 driver of the declines, particularly the heavy use of pesticides. Urbanization and climate change are also significant factors.One of the biggest impacts of insect loss is on the many birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish that eat insects. A small number of adaptable species are increasing in number

39、, but not nearly enough to outweigh the big losses.Matt Shardlow, at the conservation charity Buglife, said: “It is gravely sobering to see this collation of evidence that demonstrates the pitiful state of the worlds insect populations. It is increasingly obvious that the planets ecology is breaking

40、 and there is a need for an intense and global effort to stop and reverse these dreadful trends.”8. What does “are hurtling down ”underlined mean?A. To climb very slow in a straight directionB. To move very fast in a particular direction.C. To become lower in value or level quicklyD. To speed up sud

41、denly in a particular direction9. According to the passage what caused the declines of the insects EXCEPT?A. Intensive agricultureB. UrbanizationC. Climate changeD. Pests control.10. In paragraph 4, the author wants to stress the decline of insectsA. by giving the examplesB. by making the comparison

42、C. by giving the definition.D. by making the explanation11. What is the main idea of the text?A. Sharply decreasing insects numbers threaten damage of nature.B. The impacts will be brought by the insect loss.C. The effective measures are taken to stop the scary trends.D. The leading factors cause in

43、sects decline【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A【解析】本文属于科普文，介绍昆虫正在以惊人的速度灭绝，将对全球的生态系统造成剧大影响。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据后一句threatening a “catastrophic collapse of natures ecosystems可知，会造成自然生态系统的灾难性毁灭，故可知，昆虫灭绝的速度在加快，根据词组中的down，故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段The analysis, published in the journal Biological Conservation, says intensive

44、 agriculture is the main driver of the declines, particularly the heavy use of pesticides. Urbanization and climate change are also significant factors.可知，昆虫的灭绝其原因是集中化农业，杀虫剂的大量使用，城镇化以及气候变化，故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据本段One of the biggest impacts of insect loss is on the many birds, reptiles, amphibians and f

45、ish that eat insects. A small number of adaptable species are increasing in number, but not nearly enough to outweigh the big losses.可知，昆虫的灭绝最大的影响是对鸟类、爬行动物、两栖动物以及鱼类。少量能够适应环境的物种的增加也无法弥补灭绝的数量，故可知，本段通过对比，说明昆虫的减少对其他动物的影响，故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。介绍昆虫正在以惊人的速度灭绝，将对全球的生态系统造成剧大影响，故选A。DAs students head to their Than

46、ksgiving break, here comes a big homework assignment: StoryCorps wants tens of thousands of teenagers across America to interview their grandparents this Thanksgiving and upload their recordings to the Library of Congress.The nonprofit oral history organization is asking high school history teachers

47、 to have their students record the interviews with StoryCorps free smartphone application. Recordings sent to the library will be shared with the public.The Great Thanksgiving Listen is an assignment that will last for generations, StoryCorps founder Dave Isay says. When young people do these interv

48、iews and they hit send at end of the interview to the library they know that their great-great-great-great-great-grand kids are going to listen to these conversations someday and get to understand where they come from and who their ancestors are.He hopes it becomes an annual tradition that brings fa

49、milies closer together by using modern technology to preserve the wisdom of elders. The students could tap into memories of events dating back to the 1920s, but Isay says the stories are less important than the fact that two people are talking. The purpose of StoryCorps is to have the two people who

50、 have this conversation feel more connected with each other and give the person who is being interviewed the chance to be heard, he says.Brandon Clarke, an administrator at the private Berkeley Carroll School, in Brooklyn, New York, is enthusiastic about tbc project. He says StoryCorps, which is hea

51、dquartered near the school, has interviewed some of his teachers while developing an instructional guide for the Thanksgiving project. A couple weeks before the holiday, Berkeley Carroll students may get some classroom exercises aimed at sharpening their interview skills.How do you develop good ques

52、tions? How do you go about conducting an interview? How do you build off of a really interesting response?But Isay says interviewing isnt hard. He says he has learned from listening to some of the 60,000 conversations StoryCorps has collected since 2003 that people are naturally good at it. Its just

53、 a matter of concentrating, being present and making sure youre in a quiet place, he says. I think people understand the importance of the moment and that they treat it very seriously.About 13 million radio listeners hear edited versions of StoryCorps interviews every Friday on National Public Radio

54、s Morning Edition. StoryCorps also shares excerpts（节录）of recordings through animated videos, podcasts and its website.Isay says the Thanksgiving project will help spread the idea that history comes from the bottom up. Clarice agrees. This is a really great example of how oral history is really histo

55、ry, he says. For it to be legitimate（正统的）history, it doesnt have to appear in print in a carefully-edited book. Individual stories and individual perspectives arc also part of history.12. How does StoryCorps collect the stories for its project?A. It asks grandparents to tell their children stories.B

56、. It asks teenagers to record their grandparents stories.C. It asks students to interview their grandparents in a libraryD. It asks teachers to teach their students how to make recordings13. For Save Isay the purpose of the Thanksgiving project is to _A. create a new family tradition.B. pay attentio

57、n to taking care of the elders.C. make family members have a close relationship.D. help a familys history be remembered by its later generations.14. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .A. sharing oral stories is a fresh idea for most Americans,B. oral history plays a more important role

58、 in peoples daily life.C. there are many mediums and tools available for recording history.D. oral history is currently not considered to be as credible printed history.15. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Interview between teenagers and their grandparents.B. Descriptions of

59、 the story collection process.C. Opinions of the elders who have shared their stories.D. Information on how the recordings are shared and used.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C【解析】本文是说明文。感恩节之际，StoryCorps希望全美成千上万的青少年采访他们的祖父母，并将录音上传到国会图书馆。文章介绍了这一活动的目的，意义和具体操作。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“StoryCorps wants tens of thou

60、sands of teenagers across America to interview their grandparents this Thanksgiving and upload their recordings to the Library of Congress.”(StoryCorps希望全美成千上万的青少年在这个感恩节采访他们的祖父母，并将他们的录音上传到国会图书馆。)可知StoryCorps通过要求青少年记录他们祖父母的故事来为它的项目收集故事，故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“The purpose of StoryCorps is to have the t

61、wo people who have this conversation feel more connected with each other and give the person who is being interviewed the chance to be heard,”(StoryCorps的目的是让进行对话的两个人感觉彼此之间的联系更紧密，并给被采访的人一个表达想法的机会)可知Save Isay认为感恩节项目的目的是密切家庭成员之间的关系，故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“This is a really great example of how oral his

62、tory is really history, he says. For it to be legitimate（正统的）history, it doesnt have to appear in print in a carefully-edited book.”(Isay认为这是一个能说明口述历史是如何成为真正历史的非常好的例子。作为正统的历史，它不需要出现在一本精心编辑的书中。)由此推知口述历史目前不被认为是可信的印刷历史，故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“StoryCorps wants tens of thousands of teenagers across Americ

63、a to interview their grandparents this Thanksgiving”(StoryCorps希望全美成千上万的青少年在这个感恩节采访他们的祖父母)可知是青少年和祖父母之间的采访，A项正确；第四段“The students could tap into memories of events dating back to the 1920s, .”和“How do you develop good questions? How do you go about conducting an interview? How do you build off of a re

64、ally interesting response?”( 学生们可以利用对20世纪20年代事件的记忆，如何提出好问题?如何进行面试的?如何建立一个真正有趣的回应?) 描述了故事收集过程，B项正确；根据第七段“He says he has learned from listening to some of the 60,000 conversations StoryCorps has collected since 2003 that people are naturally good at it.”是录音如何共享和使用的信息，D项正确；文中没有涉及分享故事的长者们的意见，C项错误。故选C。第二

65、节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.Choosing the right college for you is not so easy. You should have a general idea of what you want and dont want. The idea can guide you to find what fits your needs best._16_Think about what major you want to study in college. If you kn

66、ow that,just look at colleges that have your major._17_So think carefully about your major and interests before choosing one.Where the college is located matters. Anyone who tells you the location isnt important is lying._18_If you look forward to working in the publishing industry, New York may be

67、your best bet. If your parents want you to stay close to home, please dont consider anywhere that requires a plane ticket to get to.Think about how much you can afford. Are your parents paying for your education? If so, how much are they willing to spend? Do you have to contribute anything? Financia

68、l aid and scholarship exist,but dont count on anything._19_These are all things to consider before you fall in love with a college.Make sure youre going to spend time with the right people.The cool thing about college is that each different one attracts different kinds of people. For the first thing

69、 in your life,you get to choose where you get to spend your time and who you get to spend it with._20_Make sure that the people youre with for four years are your kind of people. A. College is about learning what you love.B. Youd better choose a major that is popular.C. Go to the college with some p

70、eople you like.D. Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?E. Remember, above all, its the people that make the place.F. If you dont like cold weather, stay away from northern schools.G. These guidelines will help figure out what college you want to go to.【答案】16. G 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. E

71、【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章作者对于如何选择一所大学这一问题，给出了四条建议。【16题详解】根据上文“你应该对你想要的和不想要的有一个大致的了解。这个想法可以指导你找到最适合你的需求。”而下文讲述的是一些指导方针，故G项“这些指导方针有助于弄清楚你想上哪所大学。”承上启下，故选。【17题详解】根据下文“所以在选择一个专业之前，要仔细考虑你的专业和兴趣。”可推知，A项“大学就是学习你所喜欢的。”符合语境，下一句是对A项的进一步说明，故选。【18题详解】根据上句：告诉你地点不重要的人在说谎。再根据空格下句：如果你期盼在出版业工作，纽约可能是你最好的地方。空格处的内容应该与地点有关，只有F项“如果你

72、不喜欢冷的天气，就远离北方的学校。”符合语境，故选。【19题详解】根据本段都是讲钱的事，上句“经济援助和奖学金存在，但不要指望任何东西。”，下句“在你爱上一所大学之前，这些都是需要考虑的事情。”，与钱有关的只有D项Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?（你愿意为学校负债吗？）符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】本段讲述的是“确保你会花时间和合适的人在一起。”，空格上一句说“对于你生命中的第一件事，你可以选择在哪里度过你的时间，以及你将与谁共度。”故E项“记住，最重要的是，是人制造了场所。”符合本段语境，都是讲与合适的人待一起。故选E

73、。第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题 1.5分，满分30分）In my first year of college, I was invited to be an instructor at a high school camp. About an hour into the first day of camp, I first _21_ the boy; He was small and skinny, and his obvious _22_ and shyness made him appear _23_ and fragile. Only

74、50 feet away, other campers were talking and playing. Thinking he might feel _24_I walked him and asked if he wanted to join the _25_. He quietly replied, “No.” I could _26_ that this whole experience was foreign to him. He seemed to want to be anywhere _27_ where he was. But I somehow knew it would

75、nt be right to _28_ him.At lunch the next day; the campers were singing camp songs together. My eyes _29_ and I noticed the boy; sitting alone, staring out of the window. I tried to invite him to _30_ He again replied, “I just dont really _31_ this.” I realized this was going to take more time and _

76、32_ than I had thought.With my _33_ for the boy I paid special attention to him and spent time with him when I could. The days flew by fast. _34_ before I knew it, it was the final night of camp and there was the “last dance”. As I watched the campers share their _35_ moments, I suddenly saw what wo

77、uld be one of the most _36_ memories of my life. The boy, who bad stared _37_ out of the window, was now a dancing wonder, sharing _38_intimate (亲密的) tune with, people around him. In that _39_, I realized how easy it is to give a bit of yourself but you may never know how much each _40_ may mean to

78、someone else.21. A. expectedB. staredC. recognizedD. spotted22. A. discomfortB. guiltC. reliefD. awkward23. A. casualB. matureC. innocentD. weak24. A. burnt outB. held backC. left outD. turned down25. A. celebrationsB. activitiesC. occasionsD. events26. A. confirmB. senseC. imagineD. predict27. A. o

79、ther thanB. fewer thanC. less thanD. more than28. A. blameB. disturbC. pushD. argue29. A. wanderedB. rolledC. widenedD. narrowed30. A. assistB. commentC. participateD. perform31. A. act onB. look intoC. get intoD. count on32. A. interestB. rewardC. awardD. effort33. A. doubtB. concernC. respectD. re

80、gret34. A. BesidesB. ThusC. MeanwhileD. However35. A. changingB. fadingC. partingD. training36. A. distantB. briefC. vagueD. vivid37. A. blanklyB. blindlyC. coldlyD. wildly38. A. absurdB. horribleC. peacefulD. meaningful39. A. gameB. instantC. wayD. memory40. A. gestureB. dreamC. ideaD. plan【答案】21.

81、D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个夏天作者应邀成为一个中学夏令营的教官，帮助一名男生从开始抗拒到后来主动融入的事情。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在露营第一天的前一个小时，我第一次见到那个小男孩。A. expected期待；B. stared盯着；C. recognized认出，识别；D. spotted注意到，看见。有下文对这个男孩的描述“He was

82、small and skinny(他又瘦又小)”可知，作者注意到了他，故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他又小又瘦，明显的不适和害羞使他显得虚弱和脆弱。A. discomfort不适；B. guilt愧疚；C. relief释放；D. awkward笨拙。由并列的“shy(害羞)”可知，他感到不适和害羞，故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他又小又瘦，明显的不适和害羞使他显得虚弱和脆弱。A. casual随便的，非正式的；B. mature成熟的；C. innocent无辜的；D. weak虚弱的。由并列的“fragile(脆弱)”可知，应选择weak，显得他虚弱，

83、故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想他可能会觉得被孤立了，于是走过去问他是否愿意参加活动。A. burnt out烧尽；B. held back忍住；C. left out遗漏，孤立；D. turned down拒绝，关小。由作者走过去询问他以及上文提到他的不适与害羞，可知作者觉得这个男孩可能觉得自己被孤立了。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想他可能会觉得被冷落了，于是走过去问他是否愿意参加活动。A. celebrations庆祝；B. activities活动；C. occasions场合，机会；D. events事件。根据上文“other campers

84、were talking and playing.(其他的营员在交谈和玩耍)”可知，作者询问他要不要参加到这些活动中来，故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到这整个经历对他来说是陌生的。A. confirm确认；B. sense感觉；C. imagine想象；D. predict预测。根据下文“that this whole experience was foreign to him.(这整个经历对他来说是陌生的)”可知作者能够感觉到是这样的情况，故选B项。【27题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他似乎想去别的地方。A. other than除了；B. fewer than少

85、于；C. less than少于；D. more than超过。根据前文提到男孩害羞不参与活动这些情况可推知，他不想呆在这里，nowhere other than where he was表示“除了这里之外的任何地方都可以”。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但不知怎么的，我知道逼他是不对的。A. blame责备；B. disturb打扰；C. push推，逼迫；D. argue争辩。根据语境，以及作者没有继续询问和邀请男孩做什么事克推知，作者觉得逼迫男孩去融入集体是不对的，故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛漫游了，我注意到了那个男孩。A. wandered

86、漫游；B. rolled翻滚；C. widened加宽；D. narrowed变窄。根据下文“I noticed the boy; sitting alone, staring out of the window.(我注意到了那个男孩，独自坐着，盯着窗外)”可知，作者无意地瞄了男孩，故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着邀请他参加。A. assist帮助；B. comment评论；C. participate参加；D. perform表演。根据前文“the campers were singing camp songs together. (营员们一起唱着营歌)”可知，作者想邀

87、请男孩参加，故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他再次回答：“我只是不太喜欢这个。”A. act on对起作用；B. look into调查；C. get into喜欢，习惯；D. count on依靠，指望。根据他拒绝的回答可推知，他会解释说不喜欢这些活动，故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到这将花费比我想象中更多的时间和精力。A. interest兴趣；B. reward奖励；C. award奖；D. effort努力。由前文男孩两次拒绝作者可知，作者此时觉得想让男孩融入集体要花的时间和努力比想象中的更多，故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 出

88、于对这个男孩的关心，我特别关注他，在我可以的时候花时间陪他。A. doubt怀疑；B. concern关心，关注；C. respect尊重；D. regret遗憾。根据“I paid special attention to him and spent time with him when I could. (我对他特别关注，只要有可能，我就会花时间陪他)”可知，作者关心这个男孩，故选B项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知不觉间，这就是夏令营的最后一晚了，还有“最后的舞蹈”。A. Besides除此之外；B. Thus因此；C. Meanwhile与此同时；D. However然而。

89、根据前文“The days flew by fast.(日子过得飞快)”可知，因为时间过得很快，作者在意识到最后一天到来之前都没有感觉，故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看着营员们分享他们的离别时刻时，我突然看到了我生命中最生动的记忆之一。A. changing改变；B. fading消退；C. parting分离；D. training训练。根据前文提到的“最后一晚”可知，此处讲的是分离时刻，故选C项。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我看着营员们分享他们的离别时刻时，我突然看到了我生命中最生动的记忆之一。A. distant遥远的；B. brief简短的；C. v

90、ague模糊的；D. vivid生动的。由语境可知，此处作者表达的应该是最难忘的记忆之一，结合选项可知A，B，C三项意思不符合语境，因此是最生动的记忆之一，故选D项。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那个茫然地盯着窗外的男孩，现在变成了一个跳舞的奇迹，和他周围的人分享着意味深长的亲密曲调。A. blankly茫然地，呆呆地；B. blindly盲目地，轻率地；C. coldly冷漠地；D. wildly野生地。根据上文“I noticed the boy; sitting alone, staring out of the window.(我注意到了那个男孩，独自坐着，盯着窗外)”可知，这

91、个男孩望向窗外的状态是“茫然地”，故选A项。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个茫然地盯着窗外的男孩，现在变成了一个跳舞的奇迹，和他周围的人分享着意味深长的亲密曲调。A. absurd荒诞的；B. horrible可怕的；C. peaceful平静的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据“intimate (亲密的)”可知，应选择“有意义的”，故选D项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我意识到自己付出一点是多么容易，但你可能永远不知道每个行为对别人意味着什么。A. game游戏，比赛；B. instant瞬间；C. way道路，方法；D. memory记忆。分析句子结

92、合上文提到男孩的改变，此处应表达“在那一刻，那一瞬间”，故选B项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我意识到自己付出一点是多么容易，但你可能永远不知道每个行为对别人意味着什么。A. gesture手势，行为；B. dream梦想；C. idea注意，想法；D. plan计划。由全文可知，作者对男孩的关心使得男孩子最后做出了改变，可推知作者此时的感悟是，任何一个行为都有可能会改变他人。故选A项。第二节：语篇填空（共10小题，每小題1.5分，满分)6分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在定格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词 语的正确形式填空.China stage

93、d a grand military parade _41_ （mark） the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Peopled Republic of China.A total of 60,000 people _42_ （age） 6 to 66 years performed in the square that evening. Among them were people from all _43_ （walk） of life, including farmers, workers, teachers, doctors and d

94、eliverymen. The 90-minute gala (联欢）started at 8 pm, with 70 column of fireworks shooting into the night sky above Tian anmen Square, _44_（represent） the 70 years since New China was founded. Fireworks of _45_ （variety） shapes, colors and sizes added more charm to the singing and dancing, while LED s

95、creens were used to create special light effects.Different programs showcasing performances were brought by both artists and the public. _46_orchestra （交x响乐团）was also brought to the square, offering the audience a _47_(vision）) and acoustic（听觉的）feast（盛宴）.One of the performances mixed tradition with

96、technology as dancers collectively created different shapes while moving to the melody of In the Field of Hope, which expresses _48_ greatly the life of Chinese farmers changed after the reform and opening-up policyThe event _49_ （intend） to highlight the new look of a new era through a free, lively

97、 and pleasant atmosphere,” said Zhang Yimou, a chief director of the evening gala._50_ the last round of the fireworks flowering in the night sky, the gala concluded at round 9:30 pm amid （在.气氛中）the classic song Ode to the Motherland” sung by all the participants.【答案】41. to mark 42. aged 43. walks 4

98、4. representing 45. various 46. An 47. visual 48. how 49. is intended 50. With【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年而在天安门广场的联欢活动。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年，中国举行了盛大的阅兵仪式。根据句意可知，设空处应填动词不定式形式作目的状语，故填to mark。42题详解】考查形容词。句意：当晚共有6万名6至66岁的人在广场上表演。结合句意可知，此处表示“6至66岁的人”，aged作形容词，有“岁”的含义，故填aged。【43题详解】考查

99、名词。句意：他们当中有来自各行各业的人，包括农民、工人、教师、医生和快递员。a walk of life表示“行业，地位，阶层”，其中walk作可数名词，根据空前的all可知，此处用walk的复数形式，故填walks。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这场90分钟的联欢于晚上8点开始，70根烟花柱射向天安门广场上方的夜空，象征着新中国成立70周年。分析句子可知，represent在句中不作谓语，用于修饰“70 column of fireworks”，二者之间是主动关系，故填representing。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：各种形状、颜色和大小烟花为歌舞增添了魅力，LED屏幕创造出特

100、殊的光效。分析句子可知，此处填形容词作定语，修饰后面的shapes, colors and sizes，故填various。【46题详解】考查冠词。句意：管弦乐队也被带到广场,为提供观众一场视觉和听觉的盛宴。空后的orchestra是以元音音素开头的可数名词，且此处表示泛指，故填An。【47题详解】考查形容词。句意：一支管弦乐队也被带到广场,为观众提供一场视听盛宴。分析句子可知，设空出应填形容词作定语，和acoustic构成并列关系，修饰feast，故填visual。【48题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：其中一场表演融合了传统与技术，舞者们在在希望的田野上的旋律中，集体创造出不同的造型，表达了改革

101、开放后中国农民生活的巨大变化。分析句子可知，此空连接词引导宾语从句，后面的greatly是副词，故填how。【49题详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：该活动旨在通过自由、活泼和愉快的氛围来突出新时代的新面貌。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，主语The event和intend之间是动宾关系，且本句是直接引语，陈述的是说话时的状况，故用一般现在时的被动语态，The event是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，故填is intended。【50题详解】考查介词。句意：随着最后一波烟花在夜空中绽放，所有的参与人员一起高唱歌唱祖国，21时30分许联欢活动圆满结束。分析句子可知，此处应填

102、with构成with的复合结构，做伴随状语，故填With。 第二卷（非选择题，共大题共45分）第四部分：单词拼写（共10小題，每小1分，满分10分）51. We regret this service is _（暂时）unavailable and sorry for the inconvenience caused.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】temporarily【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：我们很抱歉这项服务暂时无法使用，并对造成的不便表示歉意。根据汉语提示“暂时”，可知此处应填入副词temporarily作状语，修饰形容词unavailable，表示“暂时不可用”，故填tempo

103、rarily。52. It feels like _（分配）enough time for each task is just not practical. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】allocating .【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：给每个任务分配足够的时间似乎是不现实的。根据汉语提示“分配”，以及上文feels like可知此处应填allocate“分配”的动名词作宾语，后面的enough time for each task构成动名词短语，在从句中作宾语。故填allocating。53. He felt embarrassed when he was criticized by

104、 the managing director in front of all his _（职位低的）colleagues. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】junior【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：当总经理当着所有下级同事的面批评他时，他感到很尴尬。根据汉语提示“职位低的”和空白处后“colleagues”，可知空白处为形容词作定语，junior“职位低的”。故填junior。54. To extend _（参与）in public decision-making, they require telephone conference calls be widely used. （根据汉语提

105、示单词拼写）【答案】participation【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：为了扩大参与公共决策，他们要求广泛使用电话会议。根据汉语提示“参与”，可推出动词“participate”；分析句子可知，空白处作动词extend的宾语，所以要用名词形式。因此要填动词participate的名词形式，即participation。本句中“to extend .in public decision-making”作目的状语。故填participation。55. Experts _（提倡）rewarding your child for good behavior when he has done a

106、 good job, made progress on a tough problem, or achieved something hes worked for. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】advocate【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：专家建议，如果你的孩子表现良好，或者在一个难题上取得了进步，或者完成了他努力完成的事情，就奖励他。根据句意和汉语提示，可推出是动词advocate，根据从句时态可知，主句用一般现在时，主语Experts 是复数，谓语动词用复数。故填advocate。56. Sending a letter of a _ is a great way to reach

107、out and make others aware of your gratitude for their help.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】appreciation【解析】【详解】 考查名词。句意：寄一封感谢信是一种很好的方式，让别人知道你对他们帮助的感激之情。a letter of a 是名词所有格，此处用名词appreciation（感谢）符合句意。故填appreciation。57. More than 70% of college freshmen have difficulty a _ to a new environment, according to a recent r

108、esearch report. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】adapting/adjusting【解析】【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意：根据最近的一份研究报告，超过70% 的大学新生难以适应新环境。根据单词首字母以及句意“适应”以及固定搭配“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”，可知应填adapting/adjusting，固定搭配adapt to/adjust to“适应”，其中“to”为介词。故填adapting/adjusting。58. The prisoner was r _ out of prison and to the hospital after

109、 exhibiting symptoms of a heart attack. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】rushed【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这名囚犯在表现出心脏病发作的症状后，被迅速送出监狱并送往医院。根据句意和首字母提示，可推出是动词rush，主语The prisoner 与谓语动词rush之间为被动关系，用被动语态。根据句中was可知，用动词的过去分词形式。故填rushed。59. According to the weather forecast, there will be strong winds a _ by heavy rain. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】ac

110、companied【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：根据天气预报，将会有大风伴随着大雨。根据首字母提示和句意，可推出动词accompany，分析句子结构，a by heavy rain作后置定语，修饰前面名词winds ，“winds”和“accompany”之间是被动关系，用过去分词。故填accompanied。60. Thinking in a positive way gives me the m _ to work hard so that I can enjoy future life. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】motivation【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：积极的思考方

111、式给了我努力工作的动力，以便我可以享受未来的生活。根据单词首字母和句意“动力”以及前面的定冠词the可知 ，应用名词motivation，motivation此处作不可数名词。故填motivation。第五部分：（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）选词填空（用所给词组的正确形式填空，有两项为多余）on cloud nine; fly off the handle; be separated from; apart from; take up; take off;come over; come up with; in addition; make out; make up; stand out

112、61. The moment me seated ourselves in the classroom the teacher _ the lesson where she left off yesterday.62. Cinderella has been learning Chinese in Beijing University for the past 4 years. No wonder she _ above her Chinese colleagues.63. Many businesses started up by college students have _ thanks

113、 to the comfortable climate for business creation.64. I stayed up late last night for I had to _ the lost time last week.65. Because of the fog, I couldnt _ what the road sign said and took a wrong turn.66. My wife spent all afternoon yesterday cooking a special dinner for our wedding anniversary. S

114、o she _ when I came home 3 hours late.67. A feeling of sweet bitterness _ me in the day of farewell to my campus life.68. _ your family and friends, though it may cause short-term discomfort, didnt have to be as painful as it seems.69. He is easy to get along with. _ that, he is also a determined bo

115、y.70. Students are encouraged to be creative, _ new ideas and thinking out of the box.【答案】61. took up 62. stands out 63. taken off 64. make up 65. make out 66. flew off the handle 67. came over 68. Being separated from 69. Apart from 70. coming up with【解析】【61题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我一在教室坐下来，老师就开始接着她昨天中断的课继

116、续讲。分析句子可知，设空处为主句谓语动词，根据前后文语境表示“开始从事”可知短语为take up，结合后文left可知描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填took up。【62题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：Cinderella在北京大学学习汉语已经4年了。难怪她在中国同事中出类拔萃。根据句意“突出，出类拔萃”可知短语为stand out，且此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为she，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填stands out。【63题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：许多大学生创业的企业已经取得成功，这要归功于良好的创业环境。根据句意“成功”可知短语为take off，结合上文h

117、ave可知为现在完成时。故填taken off。【64题详解】考查固定短语。句意：昨晚我熬夜了，因为我得弥补上周失去的时间。根据句意“弥补”可知短语为make up，且上文为短语have to do sth.，可知应填动词原形。故填make up。【65题详解】考查固定短语。句意：因为有雾，我看不清路标上写着什么，转错了弯。根据句意“看清，辨认出”可知短语为make out，且couldnt后跟动词原形。故填make out。【66题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：为了庆祝我们结婚周年，我太太花费了整个下午精心烹饪饭菜。所以，当我晚了三个小时才回家时，她勃然大怒。分析句子可知，此处为主句谓语动

118、词，根据句意“勃然大怒”可知短语为fly off the handle，结合后文came可知为一般过去时。故填flew off the handle。【67题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：在告别校园生活的那一天，一种甜蜜的辛酸袭上了我的心头。根据句意“袭上某人心头”可知短语为come over sb.，且结合后文“in the day of farewell to my campus life”可知描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填came over。【68题详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：与家人和朋友分开，虽然可能会带来短期的不适，但并不像看上去那样痛苦。根据句意“与分开”可知

119、短语为be separated from，且分析句子结构可知，此处句子缺少主语，故应用动名词短语作主语。故填Being separated from。【69题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他很容易相处。除此之外，他还是一个意志坚定的孩子。根据句意“除了之外”可知短语为apart from，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Apart from。【70题详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：学生们被鼓励发挥创造力，提出新的想法，跳出固有的思维模式。根据句意“提出”可知短语为come up with，分析句子结构可知此处在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语students构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故

120、填coming up with。第六部分：完成句子（共5小愿，每小題1分，满分5分71. 大部分毕业生在继续教育和找新工作之间左右为难，毫无目标_ _ _further education and a new job, most graduates are wandering aimlessly.【答案】 (1). Feeling (2). caught/torn/stuck (3). between【解析】【详解】考查现在分词短语做状语。结合汉语提示，分析句子可知，感觉“feel”和主语“most graduates”为逻辑上的主谓关系，因句中已有谓语“wander”,所以feel用非谓语的

121、现在分词feeling；短语 be caught / stuck/torn between.and.“被困在.和.之间”，即左右为难，同样因为句中已有谓语，所以用过去分词短语，省略be；故填Feelingcaught/torn/stuckbetween。72. 我非希感激能被给予出国深造的机会。I deeply _ _ _ the opportunity to go abroad for further study.【答案】 (1). appreciate(d) (2). being (3). offered/given【解析】【详解】考查动词和动名词。根据句意：表示“感激作某事”应用动词短语

122、“appreciate doing sth”，appreciate作句子的谓语动词，无特定语境，时态可以是一般现在时或一般过去时；表示“给”应用动词“offer/give”，与主语I之间为被动关系，所以应使用动名词的被动形式，结合appreciate doing sth，表示“感激被给予”的短语为“appreciate being offered/given”。故填appreciate(d)beingoffered/given73. 他挪了挪,好像要为托尼腾出地方。He moved over as if_ _ _ _Tony.【答案】 (1). to (2). make (3). room (

123、4). for【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和状语从句的省略。这里as if引导方式状语从句，make room for让出地方给该短语是固定短语，该句可以写成He moved over as if he was to make room for Tony. 在as if引导的状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语相同，且含有be的某种形式，可以把从句主语连同be一起省略，该句陈述的是真实情况，用陈述语气而不用虚拟语气，所以填to make room for。74. 你必须保证仔细按照包装上的说明操作.You must _ to _ the _ on the packet carefully.【答案】

124、(1). guarantee (2). follow (3). instructions【解析】【详解】考查情态动词的用法，固定句型和短语。表示“保证做某事”用句型guarantee to do sth.；表示“按照说明”用短语follow the/ones instructions。must为情态动词，其后用动词原形，故第一空填guarantee，第二空填follow，第三空填instructions。75. 不管什么原因，研究表明”那句英语格言“笑是灵丹妙药终究是没错的。_ _ _, research shows that in the end, the English saying “L

125、aughter is the best medicine”, may be true _ _.【答案】 (1). Whatever (2). the (3). reason (4). after (5). all【解析】【详解】考查让步状语从句、固定短语。由句意可知，第一部分是一个让步的状语从句，whatever the reason is表示“不管什么原因”，其中动词is可省略，状语从句位于句首，第一个单词需首字母大写；第二部分，表示“终究”的短语为after all，在句中作状语，修饰句子“the English saying “Laughter is the best medicine”

126、, may be true”。故填Whateverthereasonafterall。第七部分：书面表达（满分20分）76. 阅读下面短文，然后用60个单词左右概括短文的要点。Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block ou

127、t disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time whe

128、n the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the advantage of dirt was long

129、-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science

130、 since World War . Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touch

131、ing dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some reason._【答案】People have mixed opinions towards dirt on o

132、ur skin. (要点1) For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected people from getting ill.(要点2) However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. (要点3) But, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt many help our immune system. (要点4)【解析】【分析】本文考查概要写作。【详解】本文主要讲了在不同的历史时期人们对于泥的态度，以及泥对于身体健康的影响。在历史上的很长时期，一些欧洲国家认为泥可以保护人们免受疾病，而在十八世纪，人们开始改变了这个观点，科学表明把身上的赃物洗干净有利于健康，但是也有科学家认为泥可以帮助我们维持免疫系统。写作时注意准确正确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。