Unit 2 单词学案 【新教材】牛津译林版（2020）高中英语必修第二册.doc

1、高一英语学案 (Book Two Unit Two) Word Study一、 重点词汇1. assume v. 假设，认为;承担（责任）;获得（权利）;呈现;假装我想我们可以有把握地认为这种情况将持续下去.I think we can safelyassumethat this situation will continue.assume responsibility 承担责任 assume debts 承担债务This matter has assumed considerable importance. 这件事相当的重要assumption n. 假定;承担;获得make the ass

2、umption that = assume that theirassumption of power/control他们的取得权力控制challenge some of the basic assumptions 挑战基本假设It was impossible tomake assumptions aboutpeoples reactions.臆断人们的反应是不可能的。His actions were based on a false assumption. 他的行为基于错误的设想。2. tend v. 往往会;倾向于;个人认为 tendto do tendto approach a pro

3、blem from a new angle倾向于从新的角度探讨一个问题v. 护理，照料;招待tend to their business照料他们的生意tend (to) her husband carefully during his illness生病期间无微不至地照顾他丈夫。3. reduce v. 减少，缩小 reduce their weight/ price / amount make new policies toreduceunemployment 制定减少失业的新政策 reduce sb/sth (from sth) to sth/to doing sth 使陷入（更坏的）境地

4、；使沦落；使陷入窘境 She wasreduced to tearsby their criticisms. 他们的批评使她流下了眼泪。 They were reduced to begging in the streets. 他们沦落到沿街乞讨。 reduce sth to sth将概括成（或简化为） We can reduce the problem to two main issues. 我们可以将这个问题概括成两个要点。reduction n. 减少;降低 reductionin the tax An interest ratereductionis needed to get mor

5、e money flowing and create jobs.需要下调利率来推动资金流动以及创造就业机会。4. stretchv. 伸展;拉紧;绵延，延续;足够买/支付;消耗;使极尽所能 He stretched and yawned lazily. 他伸了伸懒腰，打了个哈欠。 Make sure that the rope is stretched tight. 务必要把绳子拉紧。 Fields and hills stretched out as far as we could see. 放眼望去，田野山丘绵延不绝。 The towns history stretches back to

6、 before 1500. 该城的历史可以上溯到公元1500年以前。 stretchthe countrys resourcesto the limit把这个国家的资源消耗殆尽 I need a job that will stretch me. 我需要一份让我能充分发挥才智的工作。n. 一片;一段时间;舒展;弹性I see nothing but a smallstretchof road immediately ahead. 除了近在眼前的一小段路之外什么也看不见。He had a goodstretchon the bed. 他在床上痛快地伸了个懒腰.read for hoursat a

7、 stretch(= without stopping)看书常常连看几小时 stretch jeans 弹力牛仔裤 at full stretch竭尽全力；以最大财力物力5. range n. 一系列;区间，范围;射程;类，种;山脉; offersa wide/broad range offacilities. 提供各种各样的设施 There isa full range ofactivities for children. 这里有给孩子们提供的各种活动。 Its difficult to find a house in ourprice range. 在我们的价格范围以内，很难找到房子。 T

8、his wasoutside the range of his experience. 这超出了他的阅历。 our new range of hair products 我们的新的头发产品系列 in/within/out of range (of sth) 在/不在可及的范围内；在视觉（或听觉）范围内/外 The cat stayed well out of range of the children. 这只猫离孩子们远远的。 v. 变化，变动;包括之间的各类事物;排列 range from A to B/ range between A and B （在一定的范围内）变化，变动 range

9、in size/length/pricefrom A to B 尺寸长度价格在A到B间变动 She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from chef to swimming instructor. 她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。 The conversation ranged widely. 谈话所涉及的范围很广。 The delegates ranged themselves around the table. 代表依次在桌子周围就座。6. prevent v. 阻碍;预防 prevent sb./sth. (from do

10、ing sth.)阻止；阻碍；阻挠 The accident could have been prevented. 这次事故本来是可以防止的。 Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against injustice. 什么都不能阻止他鸣不平。 prevention n. 预防；防止；防范 accident/crime prevention防止事故犯罪 the prevention of disease 疾病的预防 Prevention is better than cure. 预防优于补救；防患于未然是上策 preventable adj.

11、可预防的 preventable diseases/accidents 可以防止的疾病事故 preventive adj. 预防性的；防备的 take preventive action 采取防范措施7. lack n. 缺乏；匮乏；短缺 a lack of food/money/skills 缺乏食物金钱技能 The trip was cancelledthrough lack ofinterest. 因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。 There wasno lack ofvolunteers. 志愿者不乏其人。 v. 没有；缺乏；不足；短缺 He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信

12、心。 She has the determination that her brother lacks. 她有决心，而她兄弟却没有。 lacking adj. be lacking in 没有；匮乏；缺乏；不足 Shes not usually lacking in confidence. 她平时并不缺乏自信心。 The book is completely lacking in originality. 这部书完全没有创意。 I feel there is something lacking in my life. 我觉得我的生活中缺少点什么。8. hesitate v. 犹豫;顾虑 hes

13、itate about/over sth（对某事）犹豫，迟疑不决 She hesitated before replying. 她犹豫了一下才回答。美 I didnt hesitate for a moment about taking the job. 我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。 I took the job without hesitation. Please dont hesitate to contact me if you have any question.如果有疑问就请尽管和我联系。 hesitation n. 犹豫；踌躇 She agreedwithoutthe slight

14、esthesitation. 她毫不犹豫地同意了。 Ihave no hesitation inrecommending her for the job. 我毫不犹豫地推荐她做这项工作。 He spoke fluently and without unnecessary hesitations. 他说得很流畅，毫不支吾。 hesitant adj. 犹豫的；踌躇的；不情愿的 be hesitant about sth./be hesitant to do sth. a hesitant smile 勉强的微笑 Shes hesitant about signing the contract.

15、她对是否签这个合同还犹豫不决。 Doctors are hesitant to comment on the new treatment. 医生们不愿对新疗法作出评论。9. admit v. 承认;招供;准许进入;接纳;收治 admit to sth/to doing sth/ admit to sb that.（常指勉强）承认（过错、罪行）；招认；招供 She admits to being strict with her children. 她承认对自己的孩子很严厉。 She admitted to having stolen the car. 她供认偷了那辆轿车。 Dont be afr

16、aid to admit to your mistakes. 不要怕认错。美 They freely admit (that) they still have a lot to learn. 他们坦率承认他们要学的东西还很多。 I couldnt admit to my parents that I was finding the course difficult. 我无法向父母实话实说，我觉得这门课程很难。 admit sb/sth to/into sth 准许进入（某处）；准许加入（俱乐部、组织）；接收（入学）； 接收入院；收治 Each ticket admits one adult.

17、每张票只准许一位成人入场。 You will not be admitted to the theatre after the performance has started. 演出开始后不许进入剧场。 Women were only admitted into the club last year. 这家俱乐部去年才接纳女会员。 Two crash victims were admitted to the local hospital. 两位车祸受害者已送进当地医院。 admit of sth容许，有可能（指解决办法、解释等） admission n. 进入，准许加入;承认;入场费;入院治疗

18、;坦白 the universityadmissions policy/office大学招生政策招生办公室 She failed togain admissionto the university of her choice. 她未获自己选择的大学录取。 admission of sth/ admission that .（尤指对过错、罪行的）承认，招认，招供 anadmission of guilt/failure/defeat承认有罪失败被击败 He is a thiefby his own admission. 他自己供认是小偷。 admission charges/prices入场费票

19、价10. inspire v. 激励；鼓舞；赋予灵感；引起联想；启发思考 inspire sb. to do sth. The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm. 演员以热情鼓舞着孩子们。 The actors enthusiasm inspired the kids. 演员们的热情鼓舞着孩子们。 inspire sb with sth. /inspire sth. in sb.使产生（感觉或情感） Her work didnt exactlyinspire me with confidence. 她的工作并没有真正地使我产生信心。

20、As a general, he inspired great loyalty in his troops. 作为一位将军，他得到了部队的效忠。 inspiration n. 灵感U；启发灵感的人（或事物）；使人产生动机的人（或事物） 鼓舞人心的人（或事物）；（突然想到的）好主意，妙计 inspiration to do sth./for sth. Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration for an artist. 梦境可以是艺术家灵感的丰富源泉。 Both poetsdrew their inspiration fromthe countrys

21、ide. 两位诗人都从乡村得到他们的灵感。 Her charity work is an inspiration to us all. 她的慈善工作激励着我们大家。 It came to me in aflash of inspiration. 那是我灵机一动想到的。11. master n. 主宰；主人；有控制力的人；能手；擅长者；硕士；有硕士学位的人 She was no longer master of her own future. 她已无法把握自己的未来。 a master of disguise 精于伪装的人 aMaster of Arts/Science文科理科硕士 be you

22、r own master/mistress独立自主 v. 精通；掌握；控制（情绪） masternewskills/techniques掌握新的技能技术 She struggled hard to master her temper. 她竭力按住性子，不发脾气。美 adj. （描述精于某职业的人）熟练的，灵巧的，有技能的；最大的；最重要的 a master chef themaster bedroom/file/switch主卧室;主文件；总开关12. exist v. 存在；实际上有 On his retirement the post willcease to exist. 他退休后这个职

23、位就会撤掉。 The charity exists to support victims of crime. 设立这个慈善机构是为了援助罪案受害者。 exist on（尤指在困境或贫困中）生活，生存 They cant exist on the money hes earning. 他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。 existence n. 存在；实有；（尤指艰难或无聊的）生活，生活方式 in existence现存的 Pakistancame into existenceas an independent country after the war. 巴基斯坦在战后开始作为一个独立的国家存在

24、。 We led a poor but happy enough existence. 我们的生活虽然贫穷却过得很愉快。 The peasants depend on a good harvest for theirvery existence (= in order to continue to live). 农民靠丰收才能活命。 existent adj. 存在的 creatures existent in nature 二、重点短语1. do wonders创造奇迹，取得惊人的成就 do sb a favor 帮助某人do sb justice 公平对待某人 do with 和相处，忍受

25、，处理 do without 不需要，不用 2. over the long term 长时间 long termn.长期,远景 in the long term长期地,从长远的观点来说 long term exposure /planning / effects长期暴露/规划/影响3. stick with 继续做;跟着;插满stick to 遵守;保留;紧跟;忠于;坚持4. make up for 补偿，弥补; Hard work can oftenmake up fora lack of ability.努力工作经常可以弥补能力的不足. make up with 与和解 I am sur

26、e he would buy me something to mke up withme. 他必定会给我买些礼物与我和好.5. put the finishing touches to 做最后的润色;完成最后的工作 put the finishing touches to the essay 对全论文进行了最后的润色 Thisisagoodopportunitytoputthefinishingtouchesto anyprojectsortasksthat willshowoff yourtalents.这是一个有利于完成任何彰显你能力的项目任务的好机会。6. in response to对

27、做出反应 The quick recovery was trulyin response tomedication. 这次迅速康复确实是对药物治疗的反应. respond v. 回答，回复;作出反应;有改进 The future of the company will depend mainly on how consumersrespond.7. replace A with B 用代替 replacement n. 代替;归还，复位;替代者;补充兵员 They put all the students through thereplacementexamination. 他们让所有的学生参

28、加分班考试. We are hard to find areplacementforour assistant. 我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手.8. under the weather身体不舒服，心情不好 Im afraid I felt ratherunder the weatherthis morning. under control 被控制住under discussion 在讨论中 under pressure 在压力下under repair 在修理中 under review 在检查中under construction 在建设中 under attack 受到攻击, 遭到破

29、坏under consideration 在考虑中 under guarantee 在保质期内under investigation 在调查中9. no wonder 难怪，怪不得;无怪 No wonderthey say those education decides the progress, prosperity and civilization of acountry. 难怪,有人说教育才决定唯一全国的进步, 繁荣与文学. It is no wonder (that) hell sign the contract tomorrow. 他明天签约是不足为怪的.10. be rooted

30、in 深植于 This peace mustbe rooted inthe lives of nations. 这和平必须深植于国民的生活中. rooting adj. 生根的【牛刀小试】单词拼写1. It is reasonable toa that he knew beforehand that this would happen.2. Onceb in, the poisonous gas can do harm to your lungs.3. Our challenge is to motivate those voters andi them to join our cause.4

31、. Woment to worry about cancer of the breast than of the lung.5. University students ought to have a widerr of knowledge.6. They are the realm , while we are just the passers - by.7. It is a falsea that lessons should be made easier to learn.8. He finally corrected his misstatement and offered tor t

32、he fee.9. No oral test will be required fora to that university.10. Below you is the most treelesss of land imaginable.11. The shops in the area have been shut down because ofl of trade.12. Be sure to wear the correct footwear top injuries to your feet.13. As anybody knows, we all do not believe in

33、thee of ghosts.14. No matter how high onesp , he must always obey the basic laws.15. You must u the storage data in computer system and ensure the correctness.用方框内词组的适当形式填空。over the long term; stick with; no wonder;make up for; replace them with; do wonders;under the weather; in response to; beroote

34、din; putthefinishingtouchesto1. He cannot come to the class today because he is .2. Would you put away my pictures, and pictures of her?3. investors have come back after a few months of panic.4. This will what he lacked in book knowledge.5. The rest of you me and wait for your assignments.6. A bit o

35、f give and take would for their relationship.7. , such measures may only make the underlying situation worse.8. It must and grow with their feelings, thoughts, anddesires.9. Workmen alargesnow sculpture attheIceand Snow display.10. This is done to increase production, the challenge of foreign compet

36、ition.【答案】1. assume2. breathed 3. inspire 4. tend 5. range 6. masters 7. assumption 8. reduce 9. admission 10. stretch 11. lack 12. prevent 13. existence 14. position 15. update【答案】1. under the weather 2. replace them with 3. No wonder 4. make up for 5. stick with 6. do wonders 7. Over the long term

37、 8. berootedin 9. putthefinishingtouchesto 10. in response toDeterminewhatisgoodenoughandtakethefirststeptowardsthat.B. 完成句子：1. We all_ expected thoughts of what we want from life. （以开始）2. Youwillbe abletochoosethebestopportunityforyouand_ success. （朝迈开第一步）3. We hope _ her close support and friendsh

38、ip. （继续有）4. Thereareafewlessons_thesenovelsearches. （从得出）5. He saved my life in the mountain area_ losing his own. （冒险）6. We_ the students speech understood by whoever is listening. （旨在使得）7. Youth _ a period of keeping active and energetic. （据说）8. She felt that her return would_ an argument with her

39、 father. （可能导致）9. I only came here _that everything was all right. （确保）10. The data models_ reasonable by the real experiment. （证实是）11. ThemostimportantthingforChinais_ itseconomy. （保持的平衡）12. Zhongshan Road _ the great person Sun Zhongshan. （以命名）13. Doing so will help you get into a better universit

40、y, which _ a bright future. （将使你能有）14. InChinesehistory,Suzhou isalandscapearchitecture with_ reputation. （长期的）15. His courage was partly owing to his ability _ in the face of danger. （保持冷静）【答案】1. startwith 2. take thefirststeptowards 3. tocontinueto have 4. todrawfrom 5. at the risk of 6. aimto make 7. is said to be 8. be likely tocause 9. tomake sure 10. prove to be 11. tomaintainthe balanceof 12. wasnamed after 13. willenableyou to have 14. alongstanding 15. tostay cool5