2012届高中英语新课标2轮总复习（广东专版）课件：专题3 第7课时文体突破之说明文.ppt

1、(2011广东省六校联考)At a primary school in a small town in the east ofSouthCarolina,secondgrade teachers Garneau andLynne are convinced that separating elementaryage boysand girls produces immediate academic improvement inboth genders(性别).David Chadwell,South Carolinas coordinator ofsingle gender education

2、 says,“Boys and girls learn,hearand respond to their surroundings differently.We canteach boys and girls based on what we now know.”Male and female eyes are not organized in the sameway,he explains.The composition of the male eye makesit sensitive to motion and direction.“Boys interpret theworld as

3、objects moving through space，”he says.The male eye is also drawn to cooler colors likesilver and black.Its no accident boys tend to createpictures of moving objects instead of drawing the happycolorful family,like girls do in their class.The female eye,on the other hand,is drawn towarmer colors like

4、 red,yellow and orange.To attractgirls,Chadwell says,the teacher doesnt need to move asmuch as in boys class.Using descriptive phrases andlots of colors in presentations or on the blackboard getstheir attention.Boysandgirlsalsoheardifferently.“Whensomeone speaks in a loud tone,girls interpret it asy

5、elling，”Chadwell says.“They think youre mad andcan shut down.”Girls are more sensitive to sounds.Headvises girls teachers to watch the tone of their voices.Boys teachers should sound more forceful,even excited.A boys nervous system causes him to be morecautious when he is standing,moving,and the roo

6、mtemperature is around 69 degrees Fahrenheit.Stress inboys,he says,tends to increase blood flow to theirbrains,a process that helps them stay focused.Girls aremore focused when seated in a warmer room around 75degreesFahrenheit.Girlsalsorespondtostressdifferently.When exposed to threat and conflict,

7、bloodgoes to their guts(肠道),leaving them feeling nervous oranxious.These differences can be applied in the classroom,Chadwell adds.“Single gender programs are aboutmaximizing the learning.”()1.What is David Chadwells attitude towardseparating elementaryage boys and girls while learning?A.Supportive.

8、B.Worried.C.Concerned.D.Uninterested.【答案及解析】本文讲述男女学生分开学习的好处。1.A 推断题。由第二段 We can teach boys andgirls based on what we now know.可知。()2.To engage boys in a class,the teacher _.A.must have a moving object in his handB.needs to wear clothes in warm colorC.has to speak politelyD.had better move constantly

9、 while teaching【答案及解析】2.D 推理判断题。由第三段sensitive tomotion and direction及第五段doesnt need to moveas much as in boys class.可知。()3.Which of the following shows the organizationof the passage?(Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2Paragraph 3Paragraph 8)【答案及解析】3.A 篇章结构题。由文中各段主题句可知段引入主题；段论述；段总结。()4.Which of the following is

10、 the best title of thepassage?A.Ways of teaching boys and ways of teaching girlsB.Boys and girls should be separatedC.How boys and girls learn differentlyD.How to teach more effectively【答案及解析】4.C 主旨大意题。由文中第一段介绍主旨的最后一句可知。()5.Which of the following students is most likelyto be focused?A.A boy sitting

11、in a warm room.B.A standing boy who is faced with stress.C.A girl standing in a cold room.D.A girl who is facing a lot of pressure.【答案及解析】5.B 细节题。由第七段可知。说明文是用平实的语言客观地解说事物、阐明事理的文体。说明文实用性很强，它包括广告、说明书、内容提要、规则章程、解说词、科学小品等。掌握说明顺序：时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序及说明方法：举例子、作比较、分类别、因果、列数字、作诠释、打比方、下定义、列图表、作引用等对理解说明文体有着重要的作用。一

12、、说明文的大体结构有：1总体叙述+细节或过程说明+概括评述；2现象或变化+细节或原因阐述+引发的后果和相关启示。语言特点：高考英语阅读理解中的说明文多为科普知识方面的题材，文中常包含有结构复杂、句意深奥的解释性、定义性、说明性长句，甚至可能会出现多种从句迭现的现象。二、阅读说明文的关键：1抓住说明对象的本质特征。2把握说明的顺序，了解文章的结构，把握文章的脉络。3在阅读过程中画出长难句的主干成分(主谓宾)、标出关键词、有的可边看边画草图结构或流程图。三、科普说明文常考查的题型：1标题判断题科普说明文多出现标题判断题，考查考生对全文的理解，它常以What would be the best ti

13、tle for this passage？为设问方式，回答时多以How为标题。2生词词义判断题常以What does the underlined wordmean？或What isthe meaning of the underlined word？为设问方式。3代词指代判断题常以it,they,them等表物的代词为命题点。考生根据上下文语境逻辑推断其指代对象。【答案及解析】本文讲述了周口店的重要性及其保护的相关措施。1.A 细节理解题。由文章第一段可知。【答案及解析】2.C 主旨大意题。由文中第二段第一句主题句可知。【答案及解析】3.C 细节理解题。由文中第二段可知。【答案及解析】4.B 细节理解题。由文章最后一段可知。【答案及解析】5.D 词义猜测题。由上下文可知，周口店损伤很大，如果再不采取措施，将会是一个灾难。