2022届高考英语深度阅读系列训练8.docx

1、高考英语深度阅读系列训练 第8课时编写说明学生在语篇限时训练中，对一篇文章没有足够的时间来细读，理解的不深不透，但是，对于选择答案的影响不是很大，读不懂的地方也可以猜出答案来，这样的训练叫做“考场式”训练；而在精读课堂上学习一篇文章的时候，从词句到篇章，从细节到主旨等方方面面，对一篇文章理解的很透彻，这叫做“精读式”的阅读。目前，在语篇训练中存在低效问题，这是因为学生无意识地采用了“考场式”而不是“精读式”的训练方法。但是，平时的语篇阅读训练毕竟不是在考场，除了追求速度，更要培养深度理解能力。应该将“考场式”和“精读式”训练方法结合起来，在语境中学习语言知识。本系列训练通过导读，突出重点单词、

2、词块以及长难句的训练，旨在培养学生深度精读的习惯，训练有效处理语篇的能力，在阅读训练中积累语言知识，进而提高语篇训练的效果。第一节 阅读理解 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。Preparing Cities for Robot CarsThe possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurists dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparent

3、ly now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it s

4、hould be noted, isnt leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. Its hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our citie

5、s, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and o

6、ffer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.Do we want to copy or even worsen the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individu

7、al self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid

8、paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.A study from the Unive

9、rsity of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure( 基 础 设 施 ) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions an

10、d cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题). But driverless car ownership could increase as th

11、e prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesnt extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement pre

12、sents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.1. According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can .A. help deal with transportation-rel

13、ated problemsB. provide better services to customersC. cause damage to our environmentD. make some people lose jobs2. As for driverless cars, what is the authors major concern?A. Safety.B. Side effects.C. Affordability.D. Management.3. What does the underlined word fielded in Paragraph 4 probably me

14、an?A. Employed.B. Replaced.C. Shared.D. Reduced.4. What is the authors attitude to the future of self-driving cars?A. Doubtful.B. Positive.C. Disapproving.D. Sympathetic.第二节 精深语篇一. 写出文中划线词汇（词组）在语境中的词义：1. materialize 4. appealing 2. potential 5. extend 3. predict 6. affordably 7. clear the way 8. env

15、ironmentally friendly 9. be fielded by 10. advancement 11. maintance 12 operate 二. 词汇应用appeal （理解词组和单词）1. On the other hand, the idea appealed to him. 2. The police made an appeal to the public to remain calm. 3. He said he would appeal after being found guilty of murder. 4. Look at your big dreams

16、and identify what makes them so appealing. 5. Project Hope made an appeal for money and clothes. operate （1-3 理解词义； 4 变换词形）1. Our machine is easy to operate and maintain. 2. The Air Services are not yet sound enough economically to operate without government subsidies (政府的补贴). 3. We will have to ope

17、rate on his eyes. 4. The police have launched a major (operate) against drug suppliers.5. Its time to put our plan into operation.（句子翻译） 三. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1. 划主干, 找出关联词, 判断从句类型, 弄清主从句的附属成分; 2. 翻译句子1. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our

18、 cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.分析：_翻译：_2. While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers alsoshould be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offe

19、r more convenient, affordable mobility options.分析：_翻译：_3. A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private carsworldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transpor

20、tation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050.分析：_翻译：_4. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertainthemselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread.分析：_翻译：_第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做完形填空; 2.划出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句阅读下面短文,从短

21、文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The Homeless HeroFor many, finding an unattended wallet filled with 400 in cash would be a source（来源）of temptation（诱惑）. But the 1 would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homele

22、ss Tom Smith 2 more remarkable. After spotting a 3 on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the 4 to return. After hours in the cold and wet, he 5 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contac（

23、t50 in spare change beside it. 联系）the driver, only to 6 it contained 400 in notes, with another He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after 7 a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the cars owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the carwhich was

24、itself worth 35, 000in Glasgow city centre, they were 8 to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was 9 . The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his 10 . Mr. Anderson said：I couldnt believe that the guy never took a penny. To t

25、hink he is sleeping on the streets tonight 11 he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and 12 he didnt take the wallet for himself；he thought about others 13 . Its unbelievable. It just proves there are 14 guys out there.Mr. Smiths act 15 much of the publi

26、cs attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson 16 about the act of kindness on Facebook. Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 17 money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received 8,000. I think the faith that everyone

27、 has shown 18 him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; hes had job 19 and all sorts, Mr. Anderson commented. For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing 20 . The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.1. A. hopeB. aimC. urgeD. effort2. A. stillB

28、. evenC. everD. once3. A. walletB. bagC. boxD. parcel4. A. partnerB. colleagueC. ownerD. policeman5. A. turnedB. hidC. steppedD. reached6. A. discoverB. collectC. checkD. believe7. A. takingB. leavingC. readingD. writing8. A. satisfiedB. excitedC. amusedD. shocked9. A. safeB. missingC. foundD. seen1

29、0. A. serviceB. supportC. kindnessD. encouragement11. A. whenB. ifC. whereD. because12. A. ratherB. yetC. alreadyD. just13. A. tooB. thoughC. againD. instead14. A. honestB. politeC. richD. generous15. A. gaveB. paidC. castD. drew16. A. learnedB. postedC. caredD. heard17. A. borrowB. raiseC. saveD. e

30、arn18. A. ofB. atC. forD. in19. A. detailsB. changesC. offersD. applications20. A. lessonB. adventureC. chanceD. challenge词汇与句型积累：_高考英语深度阅读系列训练 第8课时参考答案第一节. 阅读理解本文为议论文。文章主要讨论有关无人驾驶汽车的发展前景和面临的问题。1. A 推理判断题。根据第二段While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and righ

31、tfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options.可知，政策制定者应该讨论无人驾驶车怎么帮助削减交通阻塞，减少尾气排放，提供更方便、更便宜的出行选择，由此可见人们应该多关注无人驾驶车怎么帮助处理与交通有关的问题。故选A。2. D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段But however lo

32、ng it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.可知，不管花多长时间，这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通系统和我们的城市，不管是好是坏，这取决于如何这种转变如何被规范，再根据文章最后一句话The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for i

33、t.可知，我们需要为其做好计划，故作者的主要关注点是对这种转变的管理规范，故选D。3. A 词义猜测题。根据第四段The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题).可知，鉴于自主驾驶的费用以及责任和维护问题，无人驾驶车几乎可以肯定将

34、会被打车服务使用。故划线词是“被应用”的意思。A. Employed被应用；B. Replaced被取代；C. Shared被分享；D. Reduced被减少。故选A。4. B 观点态度题。根据文章最后一段The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We

35、 just have to plan for it.中的 advancement，move more people, and more affordably.以及plan for it可推知，作者是积极的态度。故选B。第二节 精深语篇一. 写出文中划线词汇（词组）在语境中的词义：1.materialize 实现，成形；突然出现2.potential 潜能，可能性3. predict 预言，预计，预卜4.appealing 吸引人的；动人的；引起兴趣的5.extend 延伸；扩大；伸展6.affordably 不太昂贵地，可负担地7.clear the way 扫清道路；开路8. environ

36、mentally friendly 保护生态环境的；对生态环境无害的9.be fielded by 被部署10. advancement 前进，行进；进步，进展；提升，晋升11.maintenance 维护，维修；保持；生活费用12 operate 操作；经营；引起；对开刀；行动二. 词汇应用appeal （理解词组和单词）1. 吸引； 2. 呼吁； 3. 上诉； 4. 吸引人的； 5.希望工程呼吁捐助资金和衣服。operate （1-3 理解词义； 4 变换词形）1.操作； 2. 运营； 3. 做手术； 4. operation （有组织的）活动、行动； 5.现在应该执行我们的计划了。三 长

37、难句解析及翻译1.But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.分析：however long引导状语从句，depending on连接how引导的宾语从句翻译： 但无论需要多长时间，这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通系统和城市，或好或坏，这取决于如何监管转型。2.While

38、 much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options.分析： While连接状语从句，how连接宾语从句翻译： 尽管到目前为止的争论都集中在无人驾驶汽车的安

39、全性,政策制定者们也应该谈论如何自动驾驶汽车可以帮助减少交通堵塞,减少排放(排放)和提供更多的方便,实惠的移动性选项。3.A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of tran

40、sportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050.分析： 主句A study suggested；that 连接的宾语从句中replacing连接宾语从句的主语，从句中的两个谓语动词：could reduce and cut翻译： 来自加州大学戴维斯分校的一项研究表明,用电动代替汽油私家车在世界范围内,自动驾驶和共享系统可以从运输减少碳排放80%,降低交通基础设施的成本(基础设施)和操作在2050年达到40%。4.They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on pac

41、ked highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread.分析： because引导原因状语从句；which引导定语从句翻译： 他们忍受在拥挤的高速公路上上下班的漫长而缓慢的旅程，因为他们可以在路上工作、娱乐或睡觉，这促进了城市的扩张。第三节 模仿训练答案: 1. CBACD 6. ABDAC 11. ABDAD 16. BBDCC这是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。文章讲述了流浪汉Tom发现一辆车窗开着的汽车前座上有一个钱包。Tom冒雨等了数个小

42、时，在查找不到车主身份的情况下将钱包交到了警察局。钱包的主人Mr. Anderson在得知一切后，将Tom的善举发布到了Facebook上。Tom的行为引发了人们的好评和帮助。这件事印证了一句俗语：善有善报。1.考查名词词义辨析。A. hope希望；B. aim目标；C. urge强烈的欲望，冲动；D. effort努力。上一句提到，对很多人来说，一个装有400无人看管的钱包是一种诱惑（它诱惑着人们将其据为己有）。结合该句中的比较级greater可知，对于一个无家可归的人来说，这样的一个钱包是一个更大的诱惑，将其据为己有的欲望会更大。该空对应上一句中的“a source（来源）of tempt

43、ation（诱惑）”，C选项正确。2.考查副词词义辨析。A. still仍然；B. even更加，愈发，甚至；C. ever曾经；D. once曾经，一度。所有这一切使得流浪汉Tom Smith的行为更加的不同寻常。even在该句中修饰比较级more remarkable。B选项正确。3.考查名词词义辨析。A. wallet钱包；B. bag包；C. box盒子，箱子；D. parcel包裹，包袱。由第三段中的After hours in the cold and wet, he 5 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID

44、可知，Tom Smith发现一辆汽车的前排座上有一个钱包。当时这辆车停在那儿，窗户摇了下来。A选项正确。4.考查名词词义辨析。A. partner同伴，伙伴；B. colleague同事；C. owner主人；D. policeman警察。Tom冒雨等待车主回来。C选项正确。5.考查动词词义辨析。A. turned转动；B. hid藏，隐藏；C. stepped迈步，举步；D. reached伸手去拿，到达。由后面的pulled the wallet out可知，在雨里等了数个小时后，Tom将手伸进车窗，将钱包拿了出来。D选项正确。6.考查动词词义辨析。A. discover发现；B. col

45、lect搜集；C. check核对，检查；D. believe相信。Tom将钱包拿出来企图找到一些身份证明，这样他就能联系司机了，结果他却发现钱包里装着400的纸币和50的零钱。A选项正确。7.考查动词词义辨析。A. taking带走；B. leaving留下，落下，离开；C. reading读；D. writing写。他拿着钱包去了附近的警察局，在车上留下了一张便条，其目的是让车主知道他的钱包是安全的。B选项正确。8.考查形容词词义辨析。A. satisfied满意的；B. excited兴奋的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. shocked震惊的。当车主返回时，发现自己的车边有警察，应该

46、感到很惊讶。故D选项正确。9.考查形容词/动词词义辨析。A. safe安全的；B. missing不见的，丢失的；C. found发现，找到；D. seen看见。由该段开头可知，Tom将钱包带去了警察局，因此该处警察告诉John他的钱包是安全的。A选项正确。10.考查名词词义辨析。A. service服务；B. support支持；C. kindness善意，善良；D. encouragement鼓励。Tom将钱包交给警察，没有据为己有，这是一种善举。故C选项正确。11.考查状语从句引导词。A. when在情况下，既然；B. if如果；C. where表地点；D. because因为。在Tom

47、本来可以偷了钱去支付一个可以睡觉的地方的情况下，他仍然选择了露宿街头（没有偷钱）。所以Mr. Anderson对Tom的行为感到很惊讶。A选项正确。12.考查副词词义辨析。A. rather相当；B. yet但是；C. already已经；D. just仅仅。Tom什么都没有，但是他没有拿走钱包。前后两句话之间是转折关系，故B选项正确。13.考查副词词义辨析。A. too也；B. though但是；C. again再，又；D. instead代替。Tom没有拿走钱包，他考虑的是别人，没有考虑自己。D选项正确。14.考查形容词词义辨析。A. honest诚实的；B. polite礼貌的；C. r

48、ich富有的；D. generous慷慨的。Tom没有拿走钱包，而是把它交到了警察局，这是一种诚实的行为。A选项正确。15.考查动词词义辨析。A. gave给；B. paid支付；C. cast投掷，投射；D. drew吸引。Tom的行为吸引了公众的关注。D选项正确。16.考查动词词义辨析。A. learned学习，学会；B. posted发布，张贴；C. cared关心，在意；D. heard听到。由后面的Facebook(一个社交网站)可知，在Mr. Anderson将Tom的善举发布到Facebook上之后，Tom赢得了社交媒体使用者的赞扬。B选项正确。17.考查动词词义辨析。A. bo

49、rrow借；B. raise筹集；C. save挽救，节省；D. earn挣（钱）。Mr. Anderson在网上发起一个运动来为Tom和其他无家可归的人筹钱。B选项正确。18.考查介词。大家向Tom表示出的信任触动了Tom。faith意为“信任，相信”，常和介词in搭配，意为“对的信任，相信”，故D选项正确。19.考查名词词义辨析。A. details细节；B. changes改变；C. offers提供（物），给予（物），提议；D. applications应用，申请。该句应指Tom得到了人们的帮助，人们为他提供工作和其他的东西。C选项正确。20.考查名词词义辨析。A. lesson课；B. adventure冒险；C. chance机会；D. challenge挑战。这件事对于流浪汉Tom来说是一个可以改变终生的机会。C选项正确。