新教材2022届新高考英语外研版一轮复习课件：选择性必修 第二册 UNIT 6　SURVIVAL .ppt

1、Unit 6SurvivalStep 1 诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章(2019江苏高考)Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age.There are species(物种)that are disappearing every day.The white-naped crane is a typical example.So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of existence.Chris and Tim wo

2、rk at a zoo,helping endangered cranes with their reproduction.Emma,a female crane,has been in their care since she arrived in 2004.Born at an international crane foundation,Emma was raised by human caretakers.This led to an unexpected consequence,though she had a wonderful time there.Emma had never

3、taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She refused to live with male cranes,and even had a reputation for killing some of them,which made it impossible for her to become a mother.However,the two zookeepers didnt want to see the extinction(灭绝)of this precious species.With their

4、 patience and efforts,they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction.This enabled Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.The two keepers are proud of their productive work.But before they can be assured,more efforts must be made,because the population

5、of the crane in the wild is on the decline,and many other species appear headed toward extinction.After all,not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts,feelings,and most importantly,equal rights to survive.How can we bridge the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals?Chris an

6、d Tim offered us the reward:human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions,but maybe their hearts can be a better guide.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中关于生命与生存的单词和短语。_ wildlife,threaten,species,disappear,trying ones best,existence,endangered,reproduction,lead to,extinction,artificial breedi

7、ng,naturalreproduction,productive,effort,population,in the wild,on the decline,survive2.为什么举例说明一只名叫Emma的雌鹤繁殖了五只幼鹤?_In order to show that the profound effect that people have had on protectingthe animals.Step 2 固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.appreciate v.欣赏,赏识,鉴赏【教材原句】However they adapt to our ways of urban living

8、,its important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours.(P63)不管它们如何适应我们的城市生活方式,重要的是我们要更好地理解,甚至学会欣赏我们的野生邻居。【词块必记】【语境速测】单句语法填空I would greatly appreciate _if you could send me the application forms as soon as possible.We shall appreciate _(hear)from you aga

9、in.An _(appreciate)of art will enrich your life.I am _(appreciate)of her kindness.ithearingappreciationappreciative完成句子Ive decided to learn photography in order that I may better _.我决定学摄影以便能更好地欣赏自然的美。They encourage others by _.他们用欣赏和称赞鼓励他人。appreciate thebeauty of natureappreciation and praise【文化金句】Y

10、ou cant appreciate English poetry unless you understand its rhythm.你若不懂英文诗的韵律,就无法欣赏英文诗。【熟词生义】I deeply appreciate your concern.()我非常感激你的关心。v.感激2.react v.反应【教材原句】How do people and organisations react to these crises?(P67)个人和组织如何应对这些危机?【词块必记】【语境速测】单句语法填空Iron reacts _water and air to produce rust.The ri

11、se in oil costs reacted _the price of food.This chemical _(react)generates a lot of heat.withon/uponreaction完成句子A dog _kindness by wagging its tail.狗摇尾巴以报答人们的爱护。He _my suggestion.他反对我的建议。reacts toreacted against【写作金句】How did they react to your suggestion?他们对你的建议有什么反应?3.terrifying adj.极其可怕的,骇人听闻的【教材原

12、句】But they are also preparing for the worst:what can we do if the terrifying scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life?(P68)但他们也在为最坏的情况做准备:如果后天这样的电影中的可怕场景发生在现实生活中,我们能做什么呢?【词块必记】(1)派生词:terrifyinglyadv.恐怖地(2)同义词:frighteningadj.令人恐惧的scary/terrible/terrific adj.可怕的【知识拓展】(1)terri

13、fyv.使害怕,使恐怖terrify sb.into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事terrify sb.out of doing sth.恐吓某人不做某事(2)terrifiedadj.恐惧的;受惊吓的be terrified of害怕【语境速测】单句语法填空The most _(terrify)aspect of nuclear bombing is radiation.They terrified the boy _telling what he had seen.The _(terrify)children ran home.The old lady was terrified _

14、crossing the busy road.Before long they discover that the seemingly peaceful town theyve moved into is hiding a _(terrify)dark secret.terrifyingintoterrifiedofterrifyingly完成句子The little girl _lightning.那小女孩害怕闪电。was terrified of【写作金句】That must have been a terrifying experience for you.对你来说那一定是一次非常可怕的

15、经历。.核心短语4.get rid of 摆脱,除去【教材原句】Plus,it also includes a free poster illustrating new plans to get rid of the Ebola virus once and for all.(P67)此外,还有一张免费海报,说明一次性消灭埃博拉病毒的新计划。【词块必记】get短语get across(使)被理解;(使)被接受get along(with)(与)和睦相处get around/round随意走走;旅行get away(from)(从)离开/逃跑get away with 干了(坏事)而不受处分ge

16、t down to 开始认真处理/对待get off下(车、马)get on 上(车、马)get to 到达get over克服get through(用电话)接通某人;用完,花光【语境速测】单句语法填空We have a fan in the kitchen to get rid _the smell of cooking.The meaning of the play certainly gets _.In this country ruled by law,few criminals can get away _their crimes.She decided to get down _

17、her French.The bus broke down and all the passengers had to get _it.We will find ways to get _the difficulties.ofacrosswithtooffover完成句子Dont think you can _telling lies.不要以为你撒了谎就可以这样算了。When you _it,it isnt so difficult.当你开始认真对待事情时,事情就不难。get away withget down to【写作金句】The fat boy went on a diet to get

18、 rid of his excess weight.这个胖男孩节制饮食以减轻过量的体重。.经典句式5.No matter how many crimes he committed,the police were powerless to arrest him.不管他犯了多少罪,警察都无力逮捕他。【典型例句】No matter how small a drop of water we might study under the microscope,we could not see the hydrogen and oxygen in it.可以放在显微镜下进行研究的水滴无论怎么微小,我们都不能

19、看到其中的氢和氧。【句型公式】“no matter+wh-”引导让步状语从句no matter作“无论,不管”解,后面接关系代词或关系副词who,what,where,when,how,whether等,引导状语从句在句中作让步状语。【知识拓展】“wh-+ever”引导让步状语从句和名词性从句no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句,而wh-ever 既可以引导名词性从句,也可以引导让步状语从句;换句话说,wh-ever 包含了no matter wh-的用法。【语境速测】单句语法填空No matter _hard it was snowing,the little sisters ma

20、naged to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely.No matter _happens,dont be discouraged._does best will get the prize.howwhatWhoever完成句子_,you can always find time to study.无论你在哪里工作,你都能找到时间学习。Dont trust him,_.无论他说什么,都别相信他。No matter where/Wherever you workno matter what/whatever he says【写作金

21、句】No matter how hard I work,there is always more to do.不管我干得多么卖力,总是有做不完的工作。6.Its been a week since the other astronauts left Mars and went back to Earth,accidentally leaving me here alone.自从其他宇航员离开火星回到地球已经一个星期了,不小心把我一个人留在了这里。【典型例句】It is/has been ten years since he left Beijing.自从他离开北京已经十年了。【句型公式】“It

22、s been+时间段+since+did.”句型在“It is/has been+时间段+since从句(从句用一般过去时)”句型中,表示“从起已有多长时间了”。如果since从句的谓语动词是瞬间性动词,表示肯定意义;如果since从句的谓语动词是延续性动词,则表示否定意义。【知识拓展】(1)“It was+一段时间+since从句(从句用过去完成时had done)”,即主句用一般过去时,从句用过去完成时;(2)“It had been+一段时间+since从句(从句用一般过去时)”即主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。【语境速测】单句语法填空It is/has been ten years

23、 _he was a doctor._was three years since Jack had been a teacher.Its been years since I _(enjoy)myself so much.It _(be)decades since I read it.sinceItenjoyedis/has been完成句子_since we last met.自从我们上次见面已经过去许多年了。It is three years _.他不吸烟已有3年了。_since I began learning English.我学英语已经四年了。Its been agessince h

24、e smokedIt is/has been four years【备选要点】1.estimate v.估计,估算【教材原句】Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone.(P63)最近的研究估计,仅在美国,每年就有4亿到10亿只鸟死于窗户撞击。【词块必记】【语境速测】单句语法填空The medicare cost _(estimate)to be one billion dollars.The poli

25、ce estimated the number of tourists _about 20,000.The man estimated _the repair of the car.It is estimated _total investment in the country will continue to increase this year.We need to make accurate _(estimate)beforehand.was estimatedatforthatestimation完成句子We _to be five thousand dollars.我们估计费用为50

26、00美元。I _thirty-five.我估计他年龄在35岁。estimate the costestimated his age at【写作金句】I estimate that it will take three months to build the bridge.我估计建造这座桥得用3个月的时间。2.optimistic adj.乐观的;乐观主义的【教材原句】Robinson Crusoe is a clever and optimistic man.(P66)鲁滨逊克鲁索是个聪明又乐观的人。【词块必记】【知识拓展】(1)optimismn.乐观;乐观主义(2)optimistn.乐观

27、主义者(3)pessimismn.悲观主义(4)pessimistn.悲观主义者【语境速测】单句语法填空The experts are _(optimism)that we will succeed.She is optimistic _the future._(optimist)would announce that peace was at hand.optimisticaboutOptimists完成句子They _the companys future.他们对公司的前景很乐观。We are influenced by _.他的乐观影响了我们。Its safe to say _.可以说我

28、是个乐观主义者。are optimistic abouthis optimismIm an optimist【写作金句】We are still optimistic,whatever the result may be.我们仍然乐观,不论结果如何。3.bring.under control 使处于控制之下【教材原句】Firefighters bring blaze under control.(P67)消防员控制住了火势。【词块必记】“control”短语(1)beyond control无法控制(2)in control of掌握着;控制着in the control of受着的控制(3)

29、take control of对控制lose control of失去对的控制(4)out of control失去控制(5)under control情况正常的;处于控制之下的under the control of.在的控制下【语境速测】单句语法填空I shall put an experienced teacher in charge of that class to bring the children_control.The plane got out _control and crashed.完成句子The event is not _human power.这件事是人力无法控制的

30、。underofin the control ofThe fire was soon _.火很快控制住了。under control【写作金句】We brought everything under control.一切都在我们掌控之中。4.consist of 由组成,由构成【教材原句】It consisted of a closed space in which people,animals and plants could live together.(P69)它包括一个封闭的空间,在这里人、动物和植物可以生活在一起。【词块必记】“由组成”短语be made up ofbe compos

31、ed of【知识拓展】consistv.由组成(1)consist of由组成/构成(2)consist in在于;存在于(3)consist with与并存/一致【语境速测】单句语法填空The United Kingdom consists _Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Our class is made _of 56 students.The committee is composed mainly _layers.The beauty of Venice consists largely _the style of its ancient bui

32、ldings.The report does not consist _the fact.ofupofinwith【写作金句】How many players does a baseball team consist of?棒球队由几名队员组成?5.There is evidence that urban racoons are more intelligent than their wild cousins,as they frequently have to figure out difficult problems such as how to open rubbish bins and

33、 other containers which they would not find in the wild.有证据表明,城市浣熊比它们的野生近亲更聪明,因为它们经常要解决一些难题,比如如何打开它们在野外找不到的垃圾箱和其他容器。【句型公式】同位语从句同位语从句,指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句,属于名词性从句的范畴,同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。同位语从句即重复说明同一个称谓或事件的从句。(1)可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,messa

34、ge,suggestion,word(消息),evidence,proof,possibility,decision等(一般的“抽象”名词都可用)。(2)英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that,whether,连接代词what,who。连接副词how,when,where等。(注:if不能引导同位语从句。)(3)that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句。that不能省略,没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。(4)suggestion/request/order等名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气,从句中的谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”的形式,其中should一词可省略。

35、【知识拓展】同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的,它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号;而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的,它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来。(1)that既可引导同位语从句又可引导定语从句,其区别在于:同位语从句由连接词that引导,连接词that本身无意义,在同位语从句中不充当任何成分,不可省略,不可以用其他词替代;定语从句由关系代词that引导,关系代词that在从句中充当一定的成分,作宾语时可省略。(2)由when,where,why引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别在于:同位语从句由连接副词引导只起连接作用,没有指代作用;定语从句由关系

36、副词引导,关系副词具有指代先行词的作用,常用一个介词加关系代词替换。【语境速测】单句语法填空There was evidence _thirteen people in all had taken part in planning the murder.I heard the news _our team had won.The girls were surprised at the fact _ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.He must answer the question _he agrees with it or not.We are

37、 glad at the news _he told us.The idea _you put forward at the meeting is wrong.They are familiar with the opinion _all matter consists of atoms.thatthatthatwhetherthat/whichthat/whichthat句型转换The idea is quite wrong.You can do this work well without thinking.The idea _is quite wrong.There was a sugg

38、estion.Brown should be dropped from the team.There was a suggestion _.We are glad at the news.He will come.We are glad at the news _.that you can do this work well without thinkingthat Brown should be dropped from the teamthat he will comeI have no idea.When will they come?I have no idea _.She made

39、a request.The doctor(should)be sent for at once.She made a request _.Ive come to the conclusion.It was unwise to do that.Ive come to the conclusion _.when they will comethat the doctor(should)be sent for at oncethat it was unwise to do that【写作金句】Physical activity does the body good,and theres growin

40、g evidence that it helps the brain too.体力活动对身体有好处,越来越多的证据表明,体力活动对大脑也有好处。Step 3 强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷)His son,age 15,who had taken an art _(appreciate)class,thought that there was something unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.2.(2019浙江高考)They were not sure how the

41、Americans would react _the new type of music.appreciationto3.(2020天津高考)Thanks to the Silence Machine,a British invention,you can get rid _the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents.4.(2020天津高考)Next time you visit Bob,remember to give him a call _advance.5.(2020浙江高考)_(terrify),Elli and I trie

42、d all the bear defense actions we knew.ofTerrifiedin.完成句子1.He was angry;but with everybody present,he _.他有些生气,但当着大家的面不好发作。2.A football team _11 players.一支足球队由11名队员组成。brought his temper under controlconsists of3.Ill wait for you _it is.不管有多晚我都会等着你。4.The evidence _is very compelling.吸烟导致肺癌的证据非常有说服力。5.

43、_since we last saw each other.自从我们上次见面到现在已经六年了。no matter how/however latethat smoking causes lung cancerIt is/has been six years.语法填空My brother,sister and I love 1._(rain)days.We enjoy 2._(play)in the rain very much.There is a very shallow stream near our house.Each time 3._rains,we go there to sail

44、 our paper boats.The rain 4._(make)the water in the stream 5._(deep)and it is 6._(excite)to watch the swift currents flow over the stones,carrying away leaves and grass.We watch 7._(careful)as our paper boats are sailing in the water.They then sail swiftly down the stream and we often wonder 8._they

45、 finally end up.Sometimes,we run 9._the rain,throw stones into the puddles of water and watch the ripples of water growing bigger and bigger.The water looks 10._rings of silver as the shining raindrops fall onto the surface.【文章大意】本文主要讲述了作者喜欢下雨天,以及下雨时在小溪边玩耍的故事。1.【解析】rainy。考查形容词。形容词修饰名词days,故填rainy。2.

46、【解析】playing。考查非谓语动词。enjoy后接动词的ing形式,故填playing。3.【解析】it。考查代词。当表示无生命的金钱、时间、距离、天气的时候,常用代词it作主语,故填it。4.【解析】makes。考查动词时态。该句讲述的是客观事实,应使用一般现在时态,故填makes。5.【解析】deeper。考查形容词比较级。下雨的时候,小溪的水量会增加,故小溪的水应该是更深了,故填deeper。6.【解析】exciting。考查形容词。该句的真正主语是to watch the swift currents flow over the stones,这里是物作主语,故应该用excite的

47、-ing形式。7.【解析】carefully。考查副词。副词修饰动词watch,故填carefully。8.【解析】where。考查宾语从句。我们对纸船漂向何处感到好奇,指地点,应该用引导词where。9.【解析】in。考查介词。我们喜欢下雨天,所以此处应该是在雨中奔跑,故填in。10.【解析】like。考查固定搭配。该句为比喻句,look like看起来像,那些涟漪看起来就像是银环,故填like。直击高考培养思维品质.话题与阅读理解(2021钦州模拟)Seni Felic has already lived through a crisis.He came to America in 199

48、4 as a refugee(难民)from the war in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.He was 29 years old at the time and alone.These days,he owns a restaurant in San Francisco called Bistro SF Grill,and he is feeling optimistic despite the crisis.“Were going to pool our resources and people will pull toge

49、ther,and it will have a strong effect on solving any problem,”he told Readers Digest.With that attitude in mind,he posted this on Nextdoor:“We are inviting all to stop by Bistro SF Grill at 1305 Castro St.to grab a lunch or dinner prepackaged box beginning Tuesday,March 17,beginning at noon and ever

50、y day after.Price is only$5.50 and it covers our expenses,”he wrote.Bistro SF Grill will be offering three different meals:chicken,rice,and vegetables;fish,rice,and vegetables;and vegan mushroom paella.All are gluten-free(无谷蛋白).The menu will change weekly.“A lot of seniors,families,and people who do

51、nt know how to cook are in need of fresh,high-quality food daily,”Felic said.“Ive seen much worse than thisgroups of people with guns,and people killed.I was hungry for three years.Under these conditions,food is necessary.Our idea was:Lets try to help.Wed like to give for free but we cant afford it.

52、”The restaurant started GoFundMe(请资助我)page to further lower the cost of the meals.So far,neighbors have pitched in almost$2,000.He believes that working together and helping others will be the key to helping usall of usget through this.“This problem will be contained,and I just feel optimistic,”he a

53、dded.“When people come together,I think we can overcome almost anything.”【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Seni Felic作为南斯拉夫战争的难民来到美国。当时他29岁,孤身一人。这些天来,他在旧金山开了一家名叫Bistro SF Grill的餐厅,在疫情期间为公众提供便宜的午餐。1.Why did Seni Felic post a message on Nextdoor?A.To provide free food.B.To sell a cheap lunch.C.To make more money.D.To ea

54、rn a good name.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句Price is only$5.50 and it covers our expenses.可知,价格只要5.50美元,就够我们的开销了。此人在网上发帖是为了宣布为他人提供便宜午餐。故选B。2.One of Seni Felics experiences in the past was he _.A.used to suffer from hungerB.didnt know how to cookC.was offered food for freeD.faced the threat of death【解析】选A。

55、细节理解题。根据第五段I was hungry for three years.可知,我曾经有三年经常挨饿,可以判断出此人过去曾经挨饿。故选A。3.What does the underlined phrase“pitched in”in Paragraph 6 mean?A.Dealt with.B.Focused on.C.Accounted for.D.Contributed to.【解析】选D。短语猜测题。根据上文的The restaurant started GoFundMe page to further lower the cost of the meals.可知,为了进一步降低

56、餐费,这家餐厅还开设了GoFundMe(请资助我)网页。此处pitch in的意思是“资助”,与contribute to同义。句意:到目前为止,邻居们已经资助了近2 000美元。故选D。4.Which of the following is Seni Felics belief?A.Equality for all.B.Greeting with each other.C.Spirit of cooperation.D.Being confident.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句When people come together,I think we can overco

57、me almost anything.可知,当人们同心的时候,我认为我们可以克服几乎任何事情。因此,Seni Felic的人生信念是合作精神。故选C。【语用提能】话题词汇crisis,refugee,optimistic,hungry,afford,overcome 短语live through,despite.,pull together,have a strong effect on,solve any problem,in need of,work together,get through,come together熟词新义ownv.拥有poolv.集中资源(或材料等)coverv.支付

58、的费用【长难句剖析】He believes that working together and helping others will be the key to helping usall of usget through this.分析:该句是主从复合句。that引导宾语从句。从句的主语working together and helping others是动名词短语形式。翻译:他认为,共同努力,帮助他人,将是帮助我们所有人渡过难关的关键。【微技能点拨】推理判断题推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存,推理是为了得出正确的判断,正确的判断又依赖于合

59、乎逻辑的推理。根据事实细节,推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上,作出一定推论和判断,从而得到文章的深层意义。推理题做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据,既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理,也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说,要做到判断有据,推论有理,忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意,切忌片面思考,得出片面结论。例如,本文中第1题,根据策略解题如下:Step 1 准确定位:第三段的最后一句“Price is only$5.50 and it covers our expenses,”he wrote.Step 2寻找关键信息:价格只要5.50美元,就够我们的

60、开销了。此人在网上发帖是为了宣布为他人提供便宜午餐。Step 3 比较选项找最佳:A.To provide free food.提供免费的食物。B.To sell a cheap lunch.提供便宜的午餐。C.To make more money.挣到更多的钱D.To earn a good name.挣一个好名声。故答案为_。B【微完形填空】(2019浙江高考阅读理解C改编)California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s,according to a study to be published Tuesday and clima

61、te change seems to be a major factor(因素).The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests,the new study finds.No area was spared or unaffected,from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabr

62、iels above Los Angeles.In the Sierra high country,the number of big trees has 1by more than 55 percent;in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.Many factors contributed to the decline,said Patrick Mclntyre,an ecologist 2was the lead author of the study.Woodcutters targeted b

63、ig trees.Housing development pushed into the woods.Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).But in comparing a study of California3done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010,Mclntyre and his

64、 colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage.The researchers figured out4stress with a computer model that calculate

65、d how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed,taking into account such things as rainfall,air temperature,dampness of soil,and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).Since the 1930s,Mclntyre said,the biggest5driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures,which c

66、ause trees to lose more water to the air,and earlier snowmelt,which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.1.A.risenB.fallenC.sparedD.affected2.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which3.A.treesB.forestsC.colleaguesD.documents4.A.airB.landC.treeD.water5.A.statesB.areasC.factorsD.supplies答

67、案:15.BABDC.话题与写作阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。The Mesmerizing Canyon(峡谷)I woke up in the harsh,damp weather of the shining Grand Canyon.My ears rang from the screeching of the group leader yelling to get up.I got up as fast as I could,hoping I was going to do something fun today.I heard the a

68、pprentice yelling for people to get on the boat.As I was still trying to wake up,I smelled the fresh air just like the roses in my aunts garden.The group leader made us all get on the raft and then we immediately left.When we arrived at our destination,it turned out that they both were just playing

69、a trick on us and wanted to surprise us with a beautiful glistening waterfall.We were all very glad as we saw the waterfall.We all wanted to go up to it and walk in it.We were required to climb up big rocks and hike little distances in order to get to the waterfall,but it was really worth it.We left

70、 the waterfall and set up a camp near it.My grandma handed me a tent and said,“You do it yourself,and I want you to learn some things.”I took 30 minutes to set up the tent and tried to make it perfectly symmetrical(对称的).However,when my grandma and I were about to get in it,it fell over.We sighed and

71、 my grandma walked over to the other familys tent and sat down perfectly stationary.So I knew I had to do it over again,and I took about 5 minutes to set up the tent with my previous knowledge.I also added some sticks to the top of the tent for some decoration.As the tent swayed,I was required to pu

72、t some weight on the edges of the tent.So I put two rocks on each side of the tent.My grandma walked over and was very impressed.That really inspired me to keep learning new things.When my grandma and I woke up,there was already breakfast waiting for us.There was a mixed variety of different foods o

73、n the table,such as bacon,beef jerky,eggs and sausages.注意:续写词数应为150左右。After we ate breakfast,we got on the boat where we floated down the river._ The night fell on us._Step 1 写作技巧1.通读全文,知悉前文要领(1)体裁:记叙文(2)前文线索:我们去大峡谷游玩。第二天一早,领队带着我们去看大瀑布。离开瀑布后,我们在附近搭起了帐篷,但第一次搭的帐篷倒了,第二次才成功,此次经历激励着我去学习新的东西。又一次我们醒来,吃一顿丰盛

74、的早餐。2.研段首句,合理设计情节Paragraph 1:根据段首句After we ate breakfast,we got on the boat where we floated down the river.(早饭后,我们登上了顺流而下的船。)可知,此时,我们要在峡谷内顺流而下,再结合上文信息及划线词waterfall和leader可联想当时的情景是:我们要在领队的带领下,在激流中观看壮观的瀑布及乘船顺流而下人们的表现,例如:激动兴奋等。Paragraph 2:根据段首句The night fell on us.(夜幕降临了。)可知,此时天色已黑,再结合set up和上文搭建帐篷的情节

75、可联想,此时天色已晚,我们需要露营过夜。此段可重点写此次搭建帐篷,我已轻车熟路,很快搭好了帐篷。3.斟词酌句细节描写所有的人都很兴奋,并为在峡谷中的旅行做好了准备。All people _and prepared for the journey in the canyon.它们是所有人见过的最大的海浪。They were _everybody had ever seen.were excitedthe biggest wavesStep 2 妙笔成篇After we ate breakfast,we got on the boat where we floated down the river

76、.“Today we are going to hit the biggest rapids and see the incredible waterfalls,”called out the group leader.It was up to him to lead us there.All people were excited and prepared for the journey in the canyon.Five minutes later,huge crashing waves appealed to us all.They were the biggest waves eve

77、rybody had ever seen.As we entered the rapids,everybody was thrown around but luckily our boat was not upside down and nobody was thrown off the boat.After the rapids were over,everybody was wet and excited widely.The night fell on us.We set up a camp near the exit of the canyon.This time it took on

78、ly five minutes for me to put up the steady camp,after I put two rocks on each side of the tent.What I did caught my grandmas eye.Putting up the tent by myself in such a short time impressed her very much.She was glad that I learned new things in the camping at last.From this experience I understood

79、,just as the saying goes,“Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it”.阅读理解(2021银川模拟)If humans ever settle on Mars,they will need water.There is just one problemthere seems to be only huge sheets of ice.Luckily,we know how to drill(钻孔)ice for water.Such methods are already used i

80、n Antarctica,and researchers now think they could get them to work on the Red Planet,too.The atmosphere of Mars is too dry to make extracting water vapour from it possible.So ice seems the best bet.But the obvious ice sheets are in the unlivable polar ice caps and would be difficult to reach for dri

81、lling.However,in 2018,at the edge of the cliffs,NASAs Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spotted relatively accessible water ice that is probably at least 130 metresthick and covered in just a few metres of rock and dust.These may be the best place to get the water needed for future exploration of the plan

82、et.The drilling techniques needed have already been developed for cold areas on Earth where we need to melt buried ice for water.In the early 1960s the US Army used a type of subsurface reservoir(水库)called Rod Well,in army camps in Greenland.The method works by drilling through the ground into the i

83、ce,melting the ice to create a pool,and then pumping water up.By supplying heat continuously,they create a reservoir and a steady water supply.It has been used in remote areas such as the Amundsen Scott South Pole Station Stephen Hoffman at the Aerospace Corporation in Texas and his colleagues simul

84、ated(模拟)how a Rod Well would do on Mars.They found that with the power of 9 kilowatts(千瓦)to melt ice,it could in theory produce about 380 litres of water each day and maintain a reservoir of constant size at the bottom of a borehole(钻孔).That is close to the average daily water use each person in the

85、 US,but about 10 times what each astronaut on the International Space Station uses daily.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们如果人类要在火星上生存可以通过人类现有的技术在火星巨大的冰层上钻冰取水。1.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“extracting”in the first paragraph?A.obtainingB.protectingC.PreventingD.choosing【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段T

86、he atmosphere of Mars is too dry to make extracting water vapour from it possible(火星的大气层太干燥,无法从其中_水蒸气)可知,依据画线单词前提到了火星的大气层太干燥可推出从大气层“获取”水蒸气是不可能的。obtaining 获取;protecting 保护;preventing 阻止;choosing 选择。故选A。2.Why does the author mention the Rod Well in Paragraph 3?A.To explain how water ice is drilled on

87、Mars.B.To tell about the history of water ice drilling techniques.C.To prove the importance of water ice drilling techniques.D.To show techniques for drilling water wells in Martian ice exist.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段The drilling techniques needed have already been developed for cold areas on Earth where w

88、e need to melt buried ice for water.In the early 1960s the US Army used a type of subsurface reservoir called Rod Well,in army camps in Greenland(在地球上寒冷的地区,我们需要融化地下的冰以获得水,而所需的钻探技术已经开发出来。在20世纪60年代早期,美国军队在格陵兰的军营中使用了一种叫做Rod Well的地下水库)可知融化地下冰来获得水的技术已经开发出来了。文章第一段中提及人类是无法从火星的大气层中获得水的,只能从巨大的冰层中钻冰取水。第三段告知我们

89、钻冰取水的技术已经有了,将来可用于火星开发中。故选D。3.On average,how much water does an astronaut on the International Space Station use daily?A.10 litres.B.38 litres.C.160 litres.D.380 litres.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段They found that with the power of 9 kilowatts to melt ice,it could in theory produce about 380 litres of water

90、each day and maintain a reservoir of constant size at the bottom of a borehole.That is close to the average daily water use each person in the US,but about 10 times what each astronaut on the International Space Station uses daily.(他们发现,用9千瓦的能量融化冰,理论上每天可以产生380升的水,并在一个钻孔底部维持一个恒定大小的蓄水池。这接近于美国人均日用水量,但大

91、约是国际空间站每位宇航员日用水量的10倍)可知,美国人均日用水量是380升的水,这个用水量是每位宇航员日用水量的10倍。因此可以算出宇航员日用水量38升左右。故选B。4.What would be the best title for the text?A.Preparing to settle on the Red Planet one day.B.Finding water on the Red Planet for survival.C.Using some ways to create a livable environment on Mars.D.Drilling water wel

92、ls in Martian ice to survive on Mars.【解析】选D。标题归纳题。根据文章第一段If humans ever settle on Mars,they will need water.There is just one problemthere seems to be only huge sheets of ice.Luckily,we know how to drill ice for water.Such methods are already used in Antarctica,and researchers now think they could get them to work on the Red Planet,too.(如果人类在火星定居,他们将需要水。只有一个问题这里似乎只有巨大的冰层。幸运的是,我们知道如何钻冰取水。这种方法已经在南极洲使用,研究人员现在认为他们也可以在这颗红色星球上使用)可知,如果人类要在火星上生存可以通过人类现有的技术在火星巨大的冰层上钻冰取水。在文章第二段提到,在火星上找到了可被人类利用的冰。文章第三段提到了现有的“钻冰取水”的技术。综合分析,故选D。