5.时态辨析 讲义-2024届中考英语专项复习时态和语态.docx

1、时态辨析现在进行时vs一般现在时1. 现在进行时表示暂时性的动作，而一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态；(1) My father is reading a newspaper now. (短暂性）My father reads newspapers every day. （经常性）(2) Im brushing my teeth.(短暂性）I usually brush my teeth at 7 oclock in the morning.（经常性）(3) He is working in the lab now.(短暂性）He works in a movie theater

2、.（状态）(4) The man who is lying on the beach is his brother.(短暂性）Much of south America, parts of Africa and all of Australia lie south of the equator.（状态）2. 现在进行时往往带有感情色彩，而一般现在时只是说明事实；(1) He is always helping other people.（表赞美）He always helps other people.（说明事实）(2) She is complaining all the time.（表厌烦

3、） She complains about the terrible weather.（说明事实）(3) Im always seeing him in the library.（表惊奇）I always see him in the library.（说明事实）3. 在条件或时间状语从句中，将来的动作须用一般现在时表示将来的意义(1) If you come to the party, youll enjoy yourself.(2) If it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will be put off.(3) As soon as I arrive i

4、n Shanghai, Ill call my mother.4. 以here, there等开头的句子，说明动作正在发生时，谓语动词不用现在进行时，而用一般现在时(1) Here comes the bus.(2) There goes the bell.过去进行时vs一般过去时 1. 过去进行时常常表示动作的未完成性，而一般过去时常常表示动作已经完成(1) My sister was reading a book this time last night.（读了一些）My sister read a book last night.（读完了整本书）(2) They were buildin

5、g a bridge over the river. （在建造中） They built a bridge over the river.（已经建好了）2. 过去进行时侧重说明动作的持续时间的长度，而一般过去时只是说明过去某时发生了某事，强调动作的事实(1) His brother was playing games all night.（强调整晚都在玩游戏）His brother played games last night.（强调昨晚玩了游戏，并不强调持续多长时间）(2) He was studying for the test the whole night.（强调整晚一直在备考）He

6、 opened the door and rushed out of the room.（强调开门和冲出去的动作）现在完成时vs一般过去时 1. 二者都表示过去发生的动作或情况。但是现在完成时强调的是动作的结果，它必然和“现在的情况”有联系。而一般过去时只是表示过去的事情，与现在没有联系。(1) I have seen the film with my friends.（说明现在已经了解电影的内容）I saw the film with my friends last weekend.（只说明上周末看过了电影）(2) He has been to Beijing many times.（说明已

7、经去过北京多次）He went to Beijing.（只强调“去过”北京这个动作）(3) These students have studied English for six years.(说明到目前为止学了6年英语）These students studied English for six years.（说明过去学过6年英语，现在没学了）2. 现在完成时说明目前的情况，所以它属于现在时态的范畴，因此不能和表示确定的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, last year等。它只能与不表示明确时间段内状语连

8、用，如：already, never, ever, since 1949, for three months等。(1) Ive had this bike for five years.I bought this bike five years ago.(2) Bill hasnt finished reading the book up to now.Bill didnt finish reading the book yesterday.(3) She has already been to a science museum. She went to a science museum la

9、st summer vacation.练习：一、单项选择1.My younger brother _ scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt him when he was five years old.A. will be B. was C. has been D. would be 2. My parents_for over 30 years and they love each other very much.A. have been married B. got married C. were married D. have got married

10、3. -Cathy, can you answer the door? I_the dishes.-Im coming,Mum.A.wash B. washed C. have washed D. am washing 4.-When shall we begin our discussion?-Well begin it when Frank_. A.comes B. came C. will come D. come 5. Be quick! Alice and Bob _us.A. wait B. are waiting C. have waited D.will wait6. -Whe

11、n will Uncle Sam come to see us?-Hell visit us this weekend. He_me that by email.A.told B. is told C. will tell D. was going to tell7. Neither the couple nor their son _ take a vacation next week.A. were going to B. is going to C. was going to D. are going to8. In the past few years, great changes_i

12、n the poor village.A. take placeB. have taken place B. took place D. have been taken place9. -Look at the sign! It says “No Swimming”.-Oh，sorry. I_ it.A.dont see B. havent seen C. wasnt seen D. didnt see10.-Tom._you ever_that new film?-Yes，I_ it a week ago. A.have; seen; sawB. have; seen; seeC.do; s

13、ee; see D. had; seen; saw11. -Mary, where is Miss Liu?-She_a speech on Chinese art to the first-year students in the hall.A. gives B. gave C. is giving D. has given12. If Nancy_ the exam, she will go to Australia for English study.A. pass B. passed C.passes D. will pass13. -Thats a nice dress.-It is

14、. My aunt_it for my last birthday.A. buy B. will buyC. have boughtD. bought14. The supermarket is far from my house, so I_once a week.A go shopping B.has been there C. was shopping D. has gone there15.Our teacher, Mr. Chen _math online the day before yesterday.A. teaches B. taught C. will teach D. h

15、ad taught16.-I called you at about half past eight last night,but nobody answered.-Oh,I_ in my office at that time.A. will work B was working C. worked D. had worked 17. -Why not go to the movies with us?-Because I_ it.A. saw B. will see C. see D.have seen 18. -Is your mother at home?-No, She_to vis

16、it a farm.A.has been to B. goes C.has gone D. has been in19. Im sorry youve missed the train. It_10 minutes ago.A. left B. has left C. had left D. has been away 20. -Do you know Jack well?-Certainly. We_friends since ten years ago.A. were B.have made C. have become D have been 21. When I got there,

17、he_them to dance.A is teaching B.teaches C. was teaching D. taught 二、根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。每空一词。1. A woman came out of her door and _(see)three old men sitting in front of her house. She _(invite) them in to have something to eat.2. The woman went in and told her husband what _(happen). 3. Their daug

18、hter _ (jump) in with her idea.4. Lily _ (get)up and started walking into the house.5. Wherever he _(go), we will go with him.6. There _ _ (be)a Summer Camp next month.Come and join us. 7. Since last August. the old lady _ _(have) bad headaches three to four times a month.8.Since he fell off the bike,John _ _ (lie) in bed for nearly a week 9. If those wild animals cant find enough food, they _ _(die) or have to leave their habitat soon.参考答案：1. saw; invited 2.happened 3. jumped 4. got 5. goes 6. will be7. has had 8.has lain 9. will die