高一英语同步精品课件：MODULE 3 THE VIOLENCE OF NATURE - READING（外研版必修3）.ppt

1、1current1)n.C水流；潮流；气流He swam to the shore against a strong current.他逆着急流游向岸边。Birds use warm air currents to help their flight.鸟类利用暖气流帮助飞行。2)n.C,U电流The current includes a direct current and an alternating current.电流分直流电和交流电。3)n.C思潮；潮流；趋向Ministers are worried by this current of antigovernment feeling.

2、部长们被这股反政府情绪所困扰。4)adj.现在发生的；当前的；现在的(只用在名词前)He is your current employer.他是你现在的雇主。5)adj.通用的；流通的；流行的That word is no longer in current use.那个词已不通用。知识拓展currently adv.现时；当前current account 活期存款账户；往来账户current affairs 时事即学即用将下列词组译成英语。(A)一股冷空气_(B)一股强大的电流_(C)当前形势_(D)逆流_(E)强烈的舆论倾向_(F)时尚潮流_(G)事态的趋向_(H)顺应时势_答案：(A)

3、a current of cool air(B)a powerful electric current(C)the current situation(D)against the current(E)strong currents of public opinion(F)the currents of fashion(G)the current of events(H)with the current of the times2furniture n.U 家具furniture为不可数名词，不能说a furniture，也不能说furnitures表示“一件家具”要说a piece of fu

4、rniture。注意：英语中有些名词为典型的不可数名词，任何时候都不能加不定冠词，也不能用复数。如fun,equipment,weather,news,advice,information等。即学即用改错We need to buy some new furnitures._答案：furnituresfurniture3tornado n.龙卷风hurricane n.C 飓风cyclone n.C 旋风typhoon n.C台风即学即用翻译句子昨夜龙卷风袭击了伦敦。_答案：Last night a tornado hit London.4latitude n纬度Beijing is at 4

5、0 degrees north latitude.北京在北纬40度。The town is at a low latitude.该城镇在低纬度的地方。搭配in Lat.50N 在北纬50度联想longitude n.U 经度知识拓展1)latitudinal adj.纬度(方向)的2)altitude n.海拔；高度3)attitude n.态度即学即用完成句子They allow their children.他们对自己的孩子太放任自流了。答案：far too much latitude5bury vt.1)土葬；海葬He was buried with his wife.他和他的妻子葬在了

6、一起。Where is Shakespeare buried?莎士比亚葬于何处？Hes been dead and buried for years!他已经死亡并且被埋葬多年了！2)丧失She has buried five sons in the war.战争中她丧失了5个儿子。3)隐藏；掩埋；覆盖Our dog buries its bones in the garden.我们的狗把骨头埋在花园里。She buried her face in her hands and wept.她双手掩面哭了起来。4)忘记Its time to bury our differences and be f

7、riends again.该是我们摈弃分歧重归于好的时候了。He buried himself in the country to write a book.他隐居到乡下去写书。In the evenings he buries himself in his books.每天晚上他都埋头读书。即学即用翻译句子自从她走后，他全心扑在了工作上。_答案：Since she left,he has buried himself in his work.6occur vi.to happen 发生That accident occurred yesterday.那事故是昨天发生的。Didnt it oc

8、cur to you that your husband might be late?你当时没想到你丈夫也许会晚到吗？The possibility that she might be wrong never occurred to her.她压根没想到自己可能会错。I suppose it never occurred to you to phone the police!我想你压根没想到给警察打电话吧！知识拓展occur to(主意或想法突然)浮现于脑中；被想起；被想到It occurs to sb.that.某人想起It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事词语辨

9、析occur,happen,take place与break out1)当事件作主语时，occur和happen同义，可互换；An idea occurred to me.一个想法出现在我的脑海里。2)在表示“在脑海中出现某种想法”时，应使用occur而不用happen；It occurred to me that I could invite her to dinner.我想起可以邀请她共进晚餐。3)在表示“碰巧做某事；偶然做某事”时，应使用happen而不用occur；At that time I happened to have no money about me.那时，我碰巧身上没带钱

10、。4)take place作“发生”讲时，更多用于事先计划或预想到的事情，没有“偶然”之意，常可引申为“进行，举行”；Great changes have taken place in the town in the last two years.在过去的两年中，这个镇上发生了巨大的变化。(不用happen)When will the sports meeting take place?运动会将在什么时候举行？(不用happen)5)break out表示“(战争、火灾、疾病、争吵等的)爆发”。A big fire broke out last night.昨晚发生了一场火灾。高考直击(201

11、0陕西18)It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.A.which B.whatC.that D.if解析：考查固定句型。It occurs/occurred to sb that.是固定句型，意思是：突然想起.，其中that引导主语从句，选C。答案：C即学即用I_along the street looking for a place to park when the accident_.Awent;was occurringBwent;occurredCwas goin

12、g;occurred Dwas going;had occurred答案：C7wave n.C波浪 v.挥手，挥动，波动The waves crashed against the rocks.波浪冲击着岩石。She waved her hand to say goodbye.她挥手告别。She lifted her arm and waved at us.她举起手臂向我们挥舞起来。即学即用完成句子Shevaguely.她含糊地朝房子的方向挥了挥手。答案：waved;in the direction of the house8hit1)v.击；打She hit him on the head w

13、ith her umbrella.她用雨伞打他的头。注意：hit作“打；击中；碰撞”讲时，后常接身体部位的介词短语。若该部位较硬或较突出，用介词on或against；若该部位下凹则用介词in。He hit his head on the door.他一头撞到了门上。John hit him in the face.约翰打了他的脸。注意：介词和名词之间必须用定冠词，而不用物主代词。2)v.袭击；击中；使遭受A powerful earthquake hit the small town.这个小城镇遭受了一次强烈的地震。3)v.到达(某地)；达到(某水平)Temperatures hit 40 y

14、esterday.昨天气温高达40。4)v.使突然想起I couldnt remember where Id seen him before,and then it suddenly hit me.起初我想不起以前在哪里见过他，后来猛然想起来了。知识拓展1)hit(it)big很成功The band has hit big in the USA.乐队在美国一炮打响。2)be/make a hit(with sb.)给(某人)留下很好的第一印象；使(某人)一见钟情Youve made a big hit with Bill.你让比尔一见倾心了。3)make a hit 获得成功4)hit the

15、 roof 勃然大怒词语辨析hit;beat;strike这些动词均含有“打”之意。1)hit普通用词，常与strike换用，侧重有目标地猛击，强调用力击中。He hit the ball with the bat.他用球拍击球。2)beat普通用词，含义广泛，指“连续打击”。游戏、竞赛或战争中作“打败”解。The rain was beating against/on the deck.雨打在甲板上。3)strike普通用词，多指急速或突然一次猛击。She struck the desk with her knee.她的膝盖撞上了桌子。注意：“敲锣”要用strike(strike the g

16、ong)；“打鼓”用beat(beat a drum)击鼓；“敲门”用knock(knock at/on the door)；“钟敲几下”用strike。即学即用After he became conscious,he remembered _and_on the head with a rod.Ato attack;hitBto be attacked;to be hitCattacking;be hitDhaving been attacked;hit答案：D9strike vt./n.C(struck;struck/striken)(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；打，敲An earthquake

17、 struck the island.地震袭击了小岛。Jane struck him in anger.简一怒之下打了他。The clock struck twelve.钟敲了12下。Would you support a nuclear strike to bring an end to a war?你赞成以核攻击结束战争吗？词语辨析strike,beat,hitstrike常指“猛地一击”。hit侧重指“击中”，有时也指“打一下”。beat指连续地打。助记联想各种“打”：友情提示1)strike指“疾病；灾难”袭击某一地区时，与hit用法相同。An earthquake struck/hi

18、t the island.一场地震袭击了岛屿。2)v.突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意识到A good idea struck the scientist.那位科学家突然想起了一个好主意。It struck me that we ought to make a new plan.我突然想起我们应该制订一项新的计划。友情提示strike作“突然想到”讲，与occur同义。It occurs to sb.that.It strikes sb.that.某人突然想起知识拓展be on strike 进行/正在罢工；go on strike 举行罢工；strike a bargain 成交，达成协议；an

19、 air strike 空袭；be struck by/on/with sb./sth.被某人(或某物)打动或迷住Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。即学即用_ while the iron is hot.AHit BStrikeCBeat DOccur答案：B10rotate vt./vi.1)“(使)旋转”；“(使)缠绕”You can rotate the pump wheel with your hand.你可用手转动泵的轮子。The earth rotates once every 24 hours.地球每24小时旋转一圈。2)“转换”；“轮作”He

20、rotates his men from one place to another.他把他手下的人从一个地方轮换到另一个地方。The chairmanship of the departments rotates annually.系主任的职位每年轮换一次。即学即用完成句子The EV presidency _ _ _ _.欧盟主席一职由成员国轮流担任。答案：rotates among the members.11column n.1)柱状物a column of air 气柱a column of smoke 烟柱2)(报刊的)专栏the fashion column 时装专栏She wri

21、tes a regular column for the Times.她定期为泰晤士报写专栏。即学即用翻译句子我一直读她在当地报纸上的专栏文章。_答案：I always read her column in the local paper.1pick up1)拾起；捡起；拿起。如：He picked up his suticase and went out.他提起他的箱子走了出去。2)偶然学会某种知识或技能。如：I picked up reading in the evening school.我是在夜校学会阅读的。3)(顺便)买；(顺便用车)来接。如：He picked up that ch

22、air at a secondhand store.那把椅子是他在一家旧货店买的。Ill pick you up at your office.我将到你的办公室来接你。4)好起来；上升；加快。如：It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看来天气可能很快就会好起来。知识拓展pick out 选拔，辨认，精心挑选；pick holes in挑毛病；pick and choose 挑三拣四。注意：pick up 短语中，up为副词，所接宾语是代词要位于pick与up之间。高考直击(2010山东27)Sam _ some knowledge o

23、f the computer just by watching others working on it.A.brought up B.looked up C.picked up D.set up解析：本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意应为“山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。”表示“学会”用pick up;pick up另外还有“捡起；顺车接送，搭载；收拾，整理；重新开始；获得”等义；bring up 表示“抚养，教育；提出；呕吐”；look up 表示“向上看；(形势)好转，改善；查阅”；set up表示“建立，设置；造成，产生”。答案：C即学即用He _some French w

24、hile he was away on a business trip in Paris.Amade outBpicked upCgave up Dtook in答案：BKathy _a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.Apicked up Btook upCmade up Dturned up答案：A2take off1)脱掉(衣帽等)Take off your wet shoes.把你的湿鞋脱掉。He took off his glasses and looked up.他取下眼镜，抬头看了看。Take of

25、f your clothes;theyre very wet.脱掉你的衣服，它们湿透了。2)起飞The plane took off at 7 am.飞机是早上七点起飞的。The nursery teacher often guides her children to watch aircrafts take off or land.幼儿园教师经常带领孩子们去看飞机起飞或降落。3)打折；减掉He agreed to take$5 off the price.他同意减价五美元。知识拓展take(a day)off 休(一天)假；不工作take after 学的榜样；仿效take away 拿走；

26、夺走；拆去take back 收回(前言)；承认说错了话；取消(诺言)take down 拿下；取下；记(录)下来take in 收进；接受；装入；收容；接待take on 具有；呈现；担任(工作)；承担(责任)；雇佣take out 取出；拔出；除掉(污迹等)；擦去take over 接收/管/任take up 举/拿/捡/拔起；占(地方)；费(时间)；占据；接纳(乘客)；(船)承装(货物)take apart 拆开(机器等)take.as.把理解为take for 认为；以为；误以为take.into account 把考虑进去take effect 生效take turns 轮流即学即用

27、完成句子When _ your plane _ _？你的飞机什么时候起飞？答案：is,taking off3or so大约；或许；左右(about;or more)There were twenty or so.大约有二十个。We stayed for an hour or so.我们停留了一小时左右。即学即用My parents will move back into town in a year or_.Alater BafterCso Dabout答案：C解析：本题题意：我父母将在一年左右的时间里搬迁回市区居住。“时间or soabout时间。”4on average 平均The boy

28、s are 16 years old on average.这些男孩子平均年龄16岁。知识拓展above the average 在一般水平以上；中上；在平均数以上below the average 在一般水平以下；中下；在平均数以下on average/on the average/on an average平均；按平均数计算；一般地说高考直击(2010江西35)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000,a(n)_ of 40,000 per year.Aaver

29、age BnumberCamount Dquantity解析：考察名词。a number of 许多；amount of 一般加不可数名词表金额，a quantity of 既可以加可数也可以加不可数，但没有平均每年增加的意思。答案：A即学即用翻译句子平均每年有400人死于这种疾病。_答案：400 people a year die of this disease on average5end up 结果为，以结束We were to go out,but ended up watching TV.我们原计划外出，但结果却在家看电视。He ended up as the head of the

30、 company.他最后成为这家公司的老板。He ended up his letter with a poem.他用一首诗结束了那封信。知识拓展end up with 以告终The meeting ended up with a new song.会议最后以高歌一首新曲而结束。The movie ends up with the wedding of the boy and girl.电影以男青年与姑娘的婚礼做结尾。begin/start with.以开始At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit.在宴会上，我

31、们通常以汤菜开始，以水果结束。Start this sentence with the word“what”以“what”一词开头写这个句子。It wont work：to start with,it would take too long,and secondly it would cost too much.这行不通：首先，所需时间太长；其次，花钱太多。高考直击(2010江西26)Smell the flowers before you go to sleep,and you may just _ sweet dreams.Akeep up with Bput up withCend up

32、 with Dcatch up with解析：考察动词词组。keep up with“保持”；put up with“忍受”；end up with“以为结束”；catch up with“赶上”。答案：C即学即用If you continue driving cars so carelessly,youll _ hopspital.Aend up with Bend up inCend up Dend答案：B6in the sea 在海上by the sea 在海边at sea(船)在航行中；在海上by sea 搭船，经由海路put out to sea 出海；启航；出海知识拓展英语中，像c

33、lass，school,church,hospital,prison，sea等词用作抽象名词时，前面不加任何冠词；但用作具有实际意义的普通名词时，前面须加冠词。go to school 去上学go to church 做礼拜go to sea 去航海；当海员go to prison 去坐牢in hospital 住院go to class 去上课go to the school 去学校go to the church 去教堂go to the sea 去海边go to the prison 去那所监狱in the hospital 在医院里go to the class 去教室高考直击(1)(

34、2009全 国 卷)Lets go to_cinemathatll take your mind off the problem for_while.Athe;the Bthe;aCa;the Da;a解析：考查冠词的用法。go to the cinema 表示具体的某地，for a while是固定搭配，表示“一会儿”。答案：B(2)(2010山东22)If we sit near _ front of the bus,well have_ better view.A.不填；the B.不填；a C.the;a D.the；the解析：本题考查冠词在具体语境中的使用。句意应为“如果我们坐在公

35、共汽车的前部，就会有更好的视野。”表示“某空间内部的前部”时，front前要加定冠词the;have a good view是习惯搭配，表示“视野开阔，视野良好”之意；所以C项符合语境。答案：C即学即用(2008江苏)We went right round to the west coast by_sea instead of driving across_continent.Athe;theB；theCthe;D；答案：B1Because of the Gulf Stream,the United Kingdom and other places in Europe are much war

36、mer than parts of Canada on the same latitude.因为海湾气流，英国和欧洲其他的地方比处于相同纬度上的加拿大的部分地区要温暖得多。1)much warmer温 暖 得 多，much用 作 副 词，意 为“得多”，用来修饰形容词、副词的比较级。如：He is much taller than I.他比我高多了。知识拓展常用来修饰形容词或副词比较级的词语还有：(1)肯定句：much,a lot,a great deal,far,by far,rather，意为“得多”。注意by far用于比较级之后，“the比较级”之前；slightly，a little

37、，a bit，意为“稍微；一点；一些”；still,even，意为“更”。如：He is by far the taller of the two boys.他是两个男孩儿中较高的一个。(2)否定句：no,not any,hardly any意为“并不”。如：He is no taller than I.他和我一样不高。(3)疑问句：any意为“一些”。如：Are you any better?你好些了吗？2)same的用法及搭配：(1)same adj.表示“原来的；同样的”，作表语，其前面加定冠词the。如：The house was still the same after ten ye

38、ars.十年后，这座房子还是老样子。(2)the same as.是固定搭配，意为“像一样；与相同”。the same as 的否定结构为not the same as或no longer the same as。如：Your pen is the same as mine.你的钢笔和我的一样。(3)在“the samen.as”结构中，as为关系代词，引导定语从句，意为“像一样的；与相同”。如：I have the same pen as you have.我有一枝与你的一样的钢笔。即学即用The number of people present at the concert was_tha

39、n expected.There were many tickets left.Amuch smaller Bmuch moreCmuch larger Dmany more答案：A2The most violent have winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour.最强烈的龙卷风风速达到每小时400千米以上。句法分析“the most violent”为 形 容 词 前 加 冠 词 the的 结 构。“the形容词”用来表示一类人或一类事物。作主语，谓语动词一般用复数。知识拓展(1)the old 老年人the young 年轻人the deaf

40、 聋哑人the blind 盲人the wounded 受伤的人；伤员知识拓展(2)形容词最高级前加定冠词与加不定冠词时意义不同。“a/anmost”“很；非常”；而“the most”表示“最”。试比较：a most interesting book 一本非常有趣的书the most interesting book 那本最有趣的书即学即用Did you enjoy yourself at the party?Yes.Ive never been to _one before.Aa more excitedBthe most excitedCa more exciting Dthe most

41、 exciting答案：CBoris has brains.In fact I doubt whether anyone in his class has_IQ.Aa high Ba higherCthe higher Dthe highest答案：B3On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.平均来说，在美国每年有800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1,500人受伤。causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 inj

42、uries 分词短语作状语，表示结果。知识拓展分词作状语时，其逻辑主语须与句中主语一致。While crossing the street,be careful.过街时要小心。Hearing the news,they got excited.听到消息，他们都很兴奋。分词短语表示结果与不定式表示结果的区别：分词短语表示动作自身造成的必然结果；不定式表示出乎意料的结果。His parents died,leaving him an orphan.他父母去世，使他成了孤儿。I hurried there,only to find the door locked.我匆匆赶到那里，结果发现门锁着。高考

43、直击(1)(2009福 建)In April,2009,President Huinspected the warships in Qingdao，_the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.Amarking BmarkedChaving marked Dbeing marked解析：考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，其后有宾语，故与逻辑主语是主动关系，且表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，用现在分词，选A。答案：A(2)(2010江苏28)The retired man donated most of his savings t

44、o the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu,_ the students to return to their classrooms.A.enabling B.having enabled C.to enable D.to have enabled答案：A即学即用The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talk，_that he had enjoyed his stay here.Ahaving added Bto addCadding Dadded答案：C4Ther

45、e are violent winds of 120 kilometers per hour or more,which cause huge waves,heavy rain and floods.猛烈的风有时达到大约每小时120公里的速度，这样引起了巨浪、大雨和水灾。there be句型1)表示某个物体在什么地方，其结构为：Therebe主语其余部分。there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。There is a similar system in their country.他们的国家也有类似的制度。There are two other points to consid

46、er.另外还有两点需要考虑。There is a desk and three chairs in the room.房间里有一张书桌和三把椅子。There are three chairs and a desk in the room.房间里有三把椅子和一张书桌。2)there be 句型中，谓语动词除be之外，还可以是某些状态动词，如：remain,lie,exist，live等；以及表示位置转移的动词，如：arrive，come，enter，follow，rise等。There exists no life on the moon.月球上没有生命。There remain some pr

47、oblems to be solved.一些问题有待解决。There rose a heavy smoke on the roof.屋顶上升起一阵浓烟。3)there be句型中，谓语动词还可以是appear，seem，happen以及情态动词等。There appears to be a mistake.似乎有一个错误。There seems to be something wrong with it.好像有点儿毛病。There happened to be a tree on the top of the hill.碰巧山顶上有棵树。There may be two possible an

48、swers.可能有两个并存的答案。4)there be 句型的非限定形式为“there to be与there being”。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和状语。There being a bus stop nearby is a great advantage.附近有个停车点，真是方便极了。Its impossible for there to be any more.不可能再有了。We expect there to be no arguments.我们希望不再出现争吵。He was disappointed at there being so little to do.能做的事太少了，他很失

49、望。There being nobody in the room,he didnt go in.因为屋里没有人，他就没进去。It was too late for there to be any buses.太晚了，没有公共汽车了。注意：there being 结构在句中作状语，相当于一个状语从句，因此句中就不再用任何连词。误There being no further business,so the chairman closed the meeting.正There being no further business,the chairman closed the meeting.知识拓展

50、there happen to be 碰巧有there seem to be 好像有there is/are likely to be 可能有there may/might be 可能有there must be 一定有there cant be 不可能有there is said to be 据说有theres reported to be 据报道有there used to be 过去有theres sure/certain to be 一定有高考直击(2010陕西17)John opened the door.There _ he had never seen before.A.a girl did stand B.a girl stood C.did a girl stand D.stood a girl解析：考查特殊句式。Here,There,Thus,Then等副词位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装句，选D。答案：D即学即用I should prefer _ no discussion of my private affairs.Athere to be Bthere beingCthere is Dthere are答案：A