Unit 1　Wise men in history【速记清单】-2023-2024学年九年级英语上册单元速记•巧练（牛津沪教版）.docx

1、Unit 1Wise men in history Unit1话题历史上的智者词汇golden adj. 金的；金色的 Olympics n. pl.奥运会agreement n. 同意；应允 pot n. 罐doubt v. 不能肯定；对没把握 real adj. 真的；正宗的truth n. 真相；实情 seem v. 好像；似乎solve v. 解决；处理 fill v. 装满；注满bowl n. 碗；盆 brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的metal n. 金属 certain adj. 确定的；肯定的prison n. 监狱；牢狱 hit v. (hit，hit)(用手或器具)击；打

2、correct adj. 准确无误的；正确的 mistake n. 错误less det.（与不可数名词连用）较少的；更少的短语in ancient Greece 在古希腊(be) happy with（对某人或事物）满意的 = be pleased/satisfied with fillwith 用把装满 think about = consider 考虑；思考 be filled with=be full of 充满；装满 run over 溢出 ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 onethe other 一个另一个send sb to prison 把某人关进监狱 tell t

3、he truth 说实话make sure 确保；设法保证 something else 别的东西 bothand 和都 be made of +看得见的原材料 由制成 be made from +看不见的原材料 由制成be made by + sb. 被某人制成重点句子1.He sent it to Archimedes and asked him to find out the truth. 2.Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water.3.He put the gol

4、d into one pot, and some water ran into the bowl. Then he put the crown into the other pot. 4.He then sent to the crown maker to prison.5.What is the crown made of, gold or something else?6.How did Archimedes discover the truth?7.However, Helen, a brave woman, wanted to watch her son, Rodus, run.8.D

5、iogenes used to walk through the city with his lantern during the day.语法反义疑问句写作人物描写 1. At first, he was very happy with it. (1) at first 起初 辨析：at first与first of allat first起初；当初相当于at the beginning，与后来发生的事相对照，其反义词组为at last（最后，终于）first of all首先，第一相当于first，表示顺序，是时间上或一系列行动的开始，后面往往接next，then等 At first I

6、didnt want to go,but I soon changed my mind. 起初我不想去，可是不久我改变了主意。 First of all,open the windows,then turn off the gas,and if necessary,call an ambulance. 首先，打开窗子，然后关掉煤气，如果需要，叫一辆救护车。 (2) be happy with sb./sth 意为“对某人或事物满意的”，=be pleased/satisfied with sb./sth His teacher is happy with him. 他的老师对他很满意。 She

7、 is happy with what Ive done. 她对我做的很满意。2. Later, however, he began to doubt that it was a real golden crown. (1) however然而 辨析：however与but，二者都有“然而，但是”的意思，其区别如下： however“然而；不过”，比较正式，可以放在分句之首、之中或之尾；其前面或 后面要用逗号隔开，如在句中，其前后都要加逗号。 Its raining hard,however,theyre still working in the field. 雨下得很大，然而他们仍然在地里干

8、活。 but“但是”，表示很明显的对比，转折的意味比however要强，从语序上看，but 总是置于引出的分句之首。 Id like to go swimming with you,but I have to tidy the garden now. 我很想和你一起去游泳，但是我现在必须整理花园。 (2) begin to do sth.意为“开始做某事”，同义词组为begin doing sth.。 When can I begin to work? 我什么时候能开始工作呢？ When I got there,the singer had already begun singing. 当我到

9、那儿时，歌手已经开始唱歌了。 (3) doubt此处用作及物动词，意为“不能肯定，对无把握”。 He doubts the truth of the news. 他怀疑那件新闻的真实性。 I dont doubt that shell come. 她一定来，我不怀疑。 【拓展】doubt用作不及物动词，意为“怀疑”，其后常接of,about。 She doubts about everything. 她对一切都怀疑。 He doubts of his success. 他怀疑他能否成功。 doubt后接宾语从句时，名词从句用if/whether引导，名词从句也可用that引导。I doubt

10、if/whether she will keep her word. 我怀疑她是否会遵守诺言。I dont doubt that we will win. 我们会获胜是没有疑问的。 (4) real形容词，意为“真的，正宗的”，其副词形式为really。 This is a real dog,not a toy. 那是一条真正的狗，不是玩具狗。 辨析：real与truereal强调客观存在，并非想象的或虚构的，即某物外表与实质之间有一致性Christmas Father isnt a real person.圣诞老人不是真实的人物。true强调事实与实际情况相符，并非杜撰、捏造的，符合一定标准

11、、一定模式Is it true that he is dead? 他死了，是真的吗？3. “Is it made completely of gold?”he wondered. be made of 由制成。 辨析：be made of与 be made frombe made of看得出原材料The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是由木头做成的be made from看不出原材料The wine is made from grain. 这酒是用粮食酿造的。 【中考链接】 Books are made paper while paper is mainly made

12、wood. A. of;of B. from;from C. of;from D. from;of4.“This problem seems difficult to solve. What should I do?”thought Archimedes. seem用作连系动词，意为“似乎，好像”，本句中后接形容词作表语，这种用法较 常见，可以和seem to be相互转换。 He seems very angry. = He seems to be very angry. 他好像非常生气。 用作实意动词，可接to do sth He seems to sing. 他似乎在唱歌。5. Arch

13、imedes was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water. fillwith 意为“用把装满”，其被动语态形式为be filled with，相当于 be full of6. so Im certain that its not completely made of gold. certain用作形容词，意为“确定的，肯定的”。 常用结构： be certain+从句 一定Im not certain where he lives. 我不敢肯定他住在哪儿。 be certain to do sth

14、. 肯定要做某事He is certain to finish the task on time. 他肯定会按时完成任务。 be certain of/about sth. 对确信，有把握Were certain of success. 我们有把握成功。 be certain of doing sth. 有把握做某事He is certain of winning the match. 他确信能赢这场比赛。7. Whats wrong with it? Whats wrong (with sb. /sth)?是用来询问“某人发生了什么事情或某物出了什么 毛病/故障”等最常用的句型之一。其同义句

15、型为：Whats the matte/trouble with.? Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了（出什么事了）?8. Thats why Im angry. Thats why. 意为“那就是的原因”，why引导的是表语从句，用陈述语序。 表语从句是在句中作表语的从句，常位于连系动词be,look等的后面。 The alarm clock didnt go off. Thats why he was late for school. 闹钟没有响。那就是他上学迟到的原因。9. How did Archimedes discover the truth? 辨析：discov

16、er与invent 这两个词都用作及物动词，都指人们首先见到新鲜事物，但含义不同。discover发现指发现或偶然发现原本存在的，但一直未被认识或不为人知的东西invent发明指创造发明出新的、原来并不存在的东西 Recently they discovered gold. 最近他们发现了黄金。 Edison invented the electric light bulb. 爱迪生发明了电灯泡。10. However,Helen,a brave woman,wanted to watch her son run. watch sb. do sth 意为“看某人做了某事或经常做某事”，表示看见

17、动作发生、进行 的全过程。其中do为省略to的不定式，作宾语补足语。 I watched her go out of the room just now. 刚才我看到她从房间里出来了。注意：Watch sb. doing sth. 意为“看某人正在做某事”，表示看见动作正在进行。其中doing为现在分词，作宾语补足语。 He stopped to watch us working. 他停下来看我们干活。 【拓展】和watch用法相同的动词（组）还有see, hear, make, feel, notice, look at 等。 Did you hear Jack call you? 你听见杰

18、克叫你了吗？（动作结束） We often hear the girl sing English songs. 我们经常挺大了那个女孩唱英文歌曲。（动作经常发生） I heard the song wind blowing when it was raining heavily. 下大雨的时候我听见狂风呼啸。（动作正在进行）助记一感、二听、三让、五看、半帮助。 注释：“一感”指的是feel(感觉)；“二听”指的是listen to(听)，hear(听见)；“三让”指的是let, make, have;“五看”指的是watch, see, notice, observe, look (at);“

19、半帮助”是指help。因为既可以说help sb. do sth.，也可以说help sb. to do sth.。 11. When you have written something, you should check your work to make sure the spelling, grammar and punctuation are all correct. (1) make sure意为“确保，设法保证”，后可接宾语从句或of短语。 Make sure that they know nothing about our plan. 绝对不能让他们知道我们的计划。 They

20、scored another goal and make sure of victory. 他们又进了一个球，这就赢定了。 (2) correct 此处用作形容词(=right)，意为“正确的”，其副词为correctly(正确地)。 【拓展】correct用作动词，意为“改正；纠正” correct the mistakes 改正错误12. write what kind of mistake it is mistake 用作可数名词，意为“错误”，常用短语：make a mistake /mistakes 犯错； by mistake 错误地 Youve made several gram

21、matical mistakes in the composition. 你在作文中犯了几处语法错误。 I got on the wrong bus by mistake. 我搭错了公共汽车。 【拓展】mistake还可用作动词，意为“弄错，搞错”。常用短语：mistake for “把误认为” She didnt speak very clearly, so I mistook what she said. 她说话不是很清楚，所以我误解了她的意思。 He is often mistaken for a famous actor. 他常常被误认为是个名演员。13. However, no on

22、e could find a scale large enough. enough此处用作副词，意为“足够地”，修饰形容词或副词时，要放在其后。He runs quickly enough. 他跑得足够快。Its warm enough in the room. 屋子里够暖和了。 enough后常接（for+名词/代词+）to do sth.，意为“足够做某事”。The box is light enough for the boy to carry. 这个箱子足够轻，这个男孩能搬动。 语法精讲【反义疑问句】（一）概念：反义疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所

23、说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。 （二）要点注意：1、反义疑问句前后两部分谓语应是：“肯定陈述否定疑问”或“否定陈述肯定疑问”。2、简略问句如果是否定式：not应与be，do，will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写。3、简略问句的主语不用名词，应用人称代词。4、陈述部分含“too.to”时，是否定句。（三）用法：1) 陈述部分I am时，疑问部分要用 arent I. Im as tall as your sister，arent I?（我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？）2) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, litt

24、le, seldom, hardly等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。如： The old man made no answer, did he? Jim is never late for school, is he?3) 陈述部分有情态动词have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用dont +主语（didnt +主语）。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we? used to，疑问部分用didnt +主语或 usednt +主语。 He used to take pictures there, didnt

25、he? / usednt he? had better（最好） + v. 疑问句部分用hadnt you? Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?4) 陈述部分有would rather（宁可、宁愿） +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?5 陈述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。 Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?6) 陈述部分主语是指

26、示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。 Everything is ready, isnt it? 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he. Everyone knows the answer, dont they? (doesnt he?) Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)7) think引导的宾语从句：A.主语是第一人称 I dont think he is b

27、right, is he? We believe she can do it better, cant she? B. 如果主语不是第一人称则疑问部分与主句相对应构成反意疑问句 He thought they were wrong, didnt he? （不能说werent they?）8) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。 Dont do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / wont you? Lets 开头的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shant we) ?而Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will yo

28、u（或wont you）? Lets go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shant we)? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或wont you）?9) 陈述部分是there be结构的，疑问部分用there。 There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there? There will not be any trouble, will there?10) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。 It is impos

29、sible, isnt it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? Key wordsn.agreement 同意，应允bowl 碗，盆prison 监狱，牢狱Olympics 奥运会truth 真相，实情metal 金属mistake 错误pot 罐adj.golden 金的，金色的brave 勇敢的，无畏的certain 确定的，肯定的real 真的，正宗的correct 准确无误的，正确的v.doubt 不能肯定， 对.无把握solve 解决，处理hit 击，打seem 好像，似乎fill 装满，注满det.less(det)较少的，更少

30、的Key phrasesbe happy with 对.满意的fill .with. 用.把.装满run over 溢出send.to prison 把.关进监狱make sure 确保，设法保证tell the truth 说实话solve the problem 解决问题find out 找出，查明be made of 由.制成a real golden crown 一个真正的金皇冠be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事something new 新东西the same weight as 和.一样重be amazed at 对.感到惊奇a small amount of 更少量的correct the mistakes 改正错误