Unit 2 Section C Using Language-2020-2021学年高二英语同步课堂帮帮帮（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）.docx

1、UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE2.3 Using Language & Assessing Your ProgressI.核心词汇combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合(教材P16)Care will also be taken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together to form an effective system.也要小心地将这些大楼和周围的建筑结合起来，形成一个有效的系统。例1She successfully combines her career with

2、family life.她成功地兼顾事业和家庭。例2Let us combine our firms against our competitors.知识拓展(1)combine.with/and.把与结合起来combine.into. 把合成(2)combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物)predict vt. 预测；预言；预料(教材P18)Words such as predict, prediction, and forecast, are also used quite often when making predictions.像predict, prediction和fo

3、recast这样的词在进行预测时也经常使用。例1I cannot predict when to meet her again.我无法预测什么时候会再见到她。例2She predicted that he would marry a doctor.她预言他会同一位医生结婚。知识拓展predict从句预测predict n. to do. 预测做It is predicted that. 据预测oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠(教材P20)In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of

4、 developing driverless cars.在这篇文章中，很多人说公众应该反对开发无人驾驶汽车。例1The old man cant bear anyone in the family to oppose him.这位老人决不能容忍家里有人违抗他。例2We totally oppose the use of gas to kill any animal.我们完全反对使用毒气杀害任何动物。知识拓展(1)oppose (doing) sth.object to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事(2)opposed adj. 反对的；对立的be opposed to (doing)

5、 sth. be against (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事(to为介词)as opposed to 而，相对于(表示对比)absence n不存在；缺乏；缺席(教材P20)On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.一方面，世界上有许多不同的群体，他们在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活着。例1A major problem is the absence of water.主要的

6、问题是缺水。例2My father did all the cooking in my mothers absence.以前妈妈不在家时都是爸爸做饭。知识拓展(1)absence from.缺席；没参加absence of mind 心不在焉during/in ones absence(in the absence of sb.) 当某人缺席/不在的时候(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在的be absent from 缺席，不在absentminded adj. 心不在焉的advocate vt.提倡；支持；拥护n提倡者；支持者；拥护者(教材P20)They advocate a si

7、mple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community.他们提倡简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。例1I dont advocate doing such things.我不主张干这样的事情。例2These policies have been widely advocated.这些政策已得到广泛的拥护。知识拓展(1)advocate doing sth.主张/提倡做某事advocate宾语从句(从句谓语用should动词原形，should可省略)(2)an advocate for/of 的支持/拥护者keep in

8、touch (with.) (与)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)(教材P20)Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。例1Were a tight group, so we do keep in touch.我们关系很好，所以的确保持着联系。例2We must keep in touch wi

9、th what is happening in foreign countries.我们必须了解国外的动态。知识拓展get in/into touch with和取得联系lose touch with 和失去联系；对变得生疏be in touch with 同有联系；了解的情况be out of touch with 同失去联系；与没有通信resist vi.& vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡(教材P20)Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist i

10、t.然而，我总是会看到变化积极的一面，接受它，而不是抵制它。例1I was not strong enough to resist his offer.我不够坚定，抵抗不了他的好意。例2Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease.营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力。知识拓展(1)resist sb./sth.抵抗/抵制某人/某物resist doing sth. 抵制做某事cant resist/help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事(2)resistance n. 抗拒，反对(3)resistant

11、adj. 抵抗的，有抵抗力的be resistant to. 对有抵抗力II.重点句型现在分词作定语(教材P20)Probably the most well known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America.最著名的可能是阿米什人，一群生活在美国农村的基督徒。句式分析：现在分词短语living in rural America作名词Christians的后置定语。例1Barking dogs seldom bite.爱叫的狗很少咬人。例2The bottle containing the poison was

12、 sent to the laboratory.盛毒品的瓶子被送到实验室。知识拓展(1)现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。(2)单个现在分词作定语，放在所修饰词的前面，而现在分词短语作定语则放在所修饰词的后面。make it .(for sb.) to do.(教材P20)Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the wor

13、ld.此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。句式分析：句中made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch为“make it .(for sb.) to do.”结构，意为“使(某人)做(某事)成为”，形容词possible是宾语补足语。例1He made it his objective in life to find the island.他把找到那座岛屿当成自己的人生目标。例2Rising costs made it hard to carry on the business.上涨的成本使得生意难做。

14、知识拓展在make it.(for sb.) to do.结构中，it是形式宾语，to do.是真正的宾语。常用这种结构的动词还有find, feel, think, consider等。as引导原因状语从句(教材P20)It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.它还让人们在生活中寻找机会更容易，因为它让人们通过使用社交媒体结交更多的朋友。句式分析：as引

15、导原因状语从句，既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。一般来说，as引导原因状语从句表示双方都知道的原因。例1As you werent there I left a message.因为你不在那里, 我留了个信儿。例2We decided to cement our garden as we do not like flowers.我们决定把花园铺上水泥，因为我们不喜欢花。知识拓展(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当时；一边一边；随着”。(2)引导方式状语从句，意为“正如；就像”。(3)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”，从句应倒装。(4)引导比较状语从句，表示“像一样地”。. 选词填空switch

16、off, daily routine, in this sense, keep in touch with, no longer, respond to, in addition, keep track of, prevent. . . from, on the other hand1. The players had to change their and lifestyle. 2. Even very young babies their mothers presence. 3. They cut down some trees to knock down the fire and it

17、spreading further. 4. You need money and time; , you need diligence. 5. Do not forget to the air-conditioning when you go to bed. 6. On the one hand, they wanted very much to visit their squad leader in hospital; , they didnt want to disturb his rest. 7. The rise of social media has made it easier t

18、han ever to friends, relatives and coworkers. 8. , French really is “the Latin of modern times”. 9. When a thing has been used, it is new. 10. I use a small notebook to all the new sentences I learn. 答案：1. daily routine 2.respond to 3. prevent it from 4. in addition 5. switch off 6. on the other han

19、d 7. keep in touch with 8. In this sense 9. no longer 10. keep track of .单句填空1. Do you advocate (accept) the offer? 2. It can be (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. 3. We can prevent this from (happen) by carefully controlling the new technology. 4. He must be responsible for th

20、ese terrible (crime). 5. For your (resist) gives me strength, you will give me courage. 6. Things turned out as he (predict). 7. They may fear hurting their husbands (career). 8. At the same time, the prospects and technique developments of nanokaolin were also introduced and (forecast). 9. A (combi

21、ne) of talent, hard work and good looks have taken her to the top. 10. Further treatment will prevent cancer developing. 答案：1. accepting 2.beneficial 3. happening 4. crimes 5.resistence 6. predicted 7. careers 8. forecasted 9. combination 10. fromI.七选五 A special copyright case has recently drawn att

22、ention because it is related to artificial intelligence(AI). A court in Shenzhen ruled that a news report written by Tencents AI enjoys copyright protection.1.This is the first case in China that has provided copyright protection to work done by AI. But what does it indicate?2.Probably not. AI is no

23、t yet able to write creative stories. The news report mentioned above is mainly about data.3.it is often used to write financial reports. Some newspapers also use AI to report on stories about natural disasters, which mainly require basic facts such as “where” and “when”. As Forbes wrote, instead of

24、 losing their jobs, journalists can make their work more efficient by using AI so that they can focus more on storytelling and less on numbers.4.For example, Wayne McGregor, a British choreographer（编舞）, is famous for using AI to create new dances. For him, AI is a powerful tool that can help choreog

25、raphers break out of common movements. McGregor is not worried that AI might replace human artists. “AI cant judge the quality of the choreography,” he said.“Its time to stop worrying about if AI can be creative,” according to Forbes.5.A.As artificial intelligence progresses,B.AI is actually being h

26、elpful in many creative fields.C.Instead, we should focus on how humans and AI can work together in ways that we have never dreamed of before.D.A website broke the law because it used the article without permission.E.Since AI is good at processing data,F.Its time to think about how to prevent AI fro

27、m replacing humans.G.Will AI take the place of creative workers in the future?【答案】1.D2.G3.E4.B5.C【分析】本文是说明文。通过描述一个与人工智能(AI)有关)特殊的版权案件，文章讲述了人工智能具有创造力，是否未来会代替创造性人才的问题，最后说明人们不必担心人工智能，而是应该考虑与人工智能的合作。1.上文“A special copyright case has recently drawn attention because it is related to artificial intelligen

28、ce(AI). A court in Shenzhen ruled that a news report written by Tencents AI enjoys copyright protection.( 一个特殊的版权案件最近引起了人们的关注，因为它与人工智能(AI)有关，深圳一家法院裁定，腾讯人工智能撰写的新闻报道享有版权保护)”说明了一件与版权有关的案件，D项“一个网站违反了法律，因为它未经许可使用了这篇文章。”具体解释了上文提到的案件。故选D。2.上文“But what does it indicate?”说明一个问题，空格处应是与上文问题一致，下文“Probably not.

29、AI is not yet able to write creative stories.( 可能不是。人工智能还不能写创造性的故事)”是对问题的回答，因此空格处也是问句，G项中“AI” 与下文中的AI一致，“creative workers”与下文的“write creative stories”一致，故选G。3.空格处是一个分句，故从A项和E项中选择。上文“The news report mentioned above is mainly about data.( 上面提到的新闻报道主要是关于数据的)”提到了“data”与E项中的“data”一致，后半句“it is often used

30、to write financial reports.(它经常被用来写经济报告)”，根据上文内容可知，it指代上文提到的AI，E项中提到“AI”，因此推断E项“因为人工智能擅长处理数据”符合语境，故选E。4.下文“For example, Wayne McGregor, a British choreographer（编舞）, is famous for using AI to create new dances.( 例如，英国舞蹈编导韦恩麦格雷戈(WayneMcGregor)以使用人工智能创造新舞蹈而闻名)”是一个使用人工智能创造的例子，因此推断空格处说明人工智能可以用于其它创造性领域。故选

31、B。5.上文“Its time to stop worrying about if AI can be creative(现在是时候停止担心人工智能是否有创造力了)”说明我们不必担心人工智能有创造力，C项中的“instead”表示转折关系，下文“we should focus on how humans and AI can work together in ways that we have never dreamed of before.( 我们应该专注于人类和人工智能如何能够以我们以前从未梦想过的方式共同工作。)”与前文是转折关系，说明我们不用担心人工智能的创造力，而是应该专注于人类与人

32、工智能的合作。故选C。II.阅读理解1Do you need a human to create a beautiful scent (气味)? Thats the question being asked as artificial intelligence (AI) starts to enter the perfume(香水) industry.Companies are increasingly turning to technology in order to create more bestselling, unique fragrances that can be produce

33、d in just minutes. Last year, Swiss-based fragrance developer Givaudan Fragrances launched Carto, an artificial intelligence-powered tool to help perfumers(调香师). Through machine learning (a way computers improve outcomes automatically by learning from past results) Carto can suggest combinations of

34、ingredients.Using a touch screen, the perfumer can pull together different scents using data from the brands vast library of fragrance formulas (配方) a much more efficient process than using traditional forms. A small robot immediately processes the fragrances into perfumes, making it easier for perf

35、umers to test their new scents.German fragrance house Symrise has gone one step further and teamed up with IBM Research to create an AI called Philyra. Like Carto, Philyra cant actually sniff anything. But it is not designed to replace perfumers.“Its machine-learning and sometimes the results have b

36、een wrong,” says Claire Viola, vice president of digital strategy fragrance at Symrise. “Its still a project, the more we test, the more it continues to improve. It constantly needs training.”6.What is Carto according to the passage?A.a bestselling unique fragrance.B.a Swiss-based fragrance develope

37、r.C.an AI-powered tool.D.combinations of ingredients.7.Whats the main idea of para. 3?A.The process of making fragrance.B.Two ways of making fragrance.C.The importance of a small robot.D.The popularity of a small robot.8.What can we infer from Claire Violas opinion on Philyra?A.It will replace perfu

38、mers in the near future.B.Its the most effective technology to produce perfume.C.The results will be perfect when using it.D.We should train and improve it, because its machine-learning.9.In which section of the newspaper can you probably read this passage?A.LifestyleB.EntertainmentC.AdvertisementD.

39、Science & technology【答案】6.C7.A8.D9.D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。人工智能技术已经渗透到社会生活的各个领域，产品的开发研制利用人工智能技术将更高效、更高质。瑞士香料开发商奇华顿( Givandan)运用人工智能技术选取香水配方组合，能在数分钟内制造出香味更独特的香水。该篇阅读介绍了利用人工智能制造香水的最新科技。6.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Last year, Swiss-based fragrance developer Givaudan Fragrances launched Carto, an artificial intelligence-powe

40、red tool to help perfumers(调香师). (去年瑞士香水开发商奇华顿推出了一款人工智能工具Carto来帮助调香师。)”Carto后的同位语an artificial intelligence-powered tool可知，它是一个人工智能驱动的工具。故选C。7.主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Using a touch screen, the perfumer can pull together different scents using data from the brands vast library of fragrance formulas (配方) a much

41、 more efficient process than using traditional forms. A small robot immediately processes the fragrances into perfumes, making it easier for perfumers to test their new scents. (通过触屏，调香师可以从该品牌庞大的香水配方库中提取数据，将不同的香味组合在一起一个比使用电子表格更高效的过程。一个小型机器人能立即将香味加工成香水，使调香师更容易测试他们的新气味。)”可知，本段主要关于制做香水的过程。故选A。8.推理判断题。根

42、据最后一段“Its still a project, the more we test, the more it continues to improve. It constantly needs training.(这仍然是一个项目，我们测试的越多，它就越能继续改进。它需要不断的训练。)”可知，Claire Viola认为这是一种学习机器，计算结果有时有误；该技术需要不断测试并改进。据此可以推知，由于这是一种学习机器，故我们应当不断培训改进，故选D。9.推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，该篇阅读介绍了利用人工智能制造香水这一技术，关于最新科技，属于科技发展范围。故选D。2However exci

43、ting space travel sounds, astronauts must still suffer with bad food. Now, food in space has to be dehydrated (使脱水) or precooked and stored. This means astronauts arent really eating fresh food.New technology may change this. Scientific American reports that a specially-designed oven will be sent in

44、to space this autumn with NASAs NG-12 cargo mission. Far from the common vacuum-packed meals, astronauts may get to enjoy freshly baked cookies before the end of 2020.Why arent they baking cookies in space already? For one thing, theres the risk of a fire. Engineers also have to overcome the challen

45、ge of micro-gravity(微重力), which prevents heat from circling inside ovens the same way it does on Earth.Astronauts will still have to wait a while before they can have their cookies, though. After baking, the results will be sent back to Earth for safety testing. If successful, this will be the first

46、 oven to bake food in space.“ I believe. that will be game-changing for both science and astronauts,” food technology researcher Maeena Naman Shafiee told Scientific American.One of the main diving forces behind this project has been NASAs 2018 research into the effects of “confinement and isolation

47、”. Unlike on the International Space Station (ISS), astronauts traveling out of Earths orbit may not be able to speak to their loved ones on future missions, which could lead to negative feelings.Its hoped that the chance to bake and sense familiar smells can bring joy to astronauts.“Is the ISS goin

48、g to smell like fresh-baked cookies? We dont know,” said NanoRacks communications manager Abby Dickes. “But thats feeling we all know and love. that will make someone feel at home.”Baking cookies in space would mark an important step, offering a small comfort in the difficult and unfamiliar environm

49、ent of space travel. Astronauts have already grown plants aboard the ISS.With commercial space travel now being planned, who knows what other developments may surprise us in the future?10.What can astronauts do with the new oven in space in the future?A.They can cook a mealB.They can eat cookies.C.T

50、hey can bring more fresh foodD.They can prepare food quickly11.According to the passage, why cant astronauts bake cookies in space now?A.Cooking in space needs some special cooking skills.B.Micro-gravity makes it dangerous to cook in space.C.Its expensive and inconvenient to bring fresh food to the

51、space.D.Its difficult to heat food the same way as on Earth because of different gravity.12.Which one is NOT the purpose of designing the special oven?A.To prepare some fresh food for astronauts.B.To bring the feeling of home to the astronauts.C.To make improvements in space travel.D.To provide a ne

52、w game for astronauts to play in space.13.The author is most likely to think that the future of astronautical development will be _.A.unknownB.imaginableC.surprisingD.confusing【答案】10.B11.D12.D13.C【分析】这是一篇说明文。一种特别设计的烤箱有可能让宇航员可以在太空烤饼干，吃上新鲜的食物，从而使太空旅行更舒适。10.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Far from the common vacuum-packe

53、d meals, astronauts may get to enjoy freshly baked cookies before the end of 2020. (与普通的真空包装食物不同的是，在2020年底之前，宇航员可能会享受到新鲜出炉的饼干)”可知，新技术可以帮助宇航员吃到新鲜的饼干。故选B。11.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Engineers also have to overcome the challenge of micro-gravity(微重力), which prevents heat from circling inside ovens the same way it

54、does on Earth. (工程师必须克服微重力，它使热量不能像在地球上一样在烤箱内环绕)”可知，宇航员现在不能在太空烘焙饼干，是由于重力的不同，很难用地球上相同的方式加热食物。故选D。12.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Far from the common vacuum-packed meals, astronauts may get to enjoy freshly baked cookies before the end of 2020. (与普通的真空包装食物不同的是，在2020年底之前，宇航员可能会享受到新鲜出炉的饼干)”；倒数第四段“Its hoped that the chan

55、ce to bake and sense familiar smells can bring joy to crews.(他们希望通过烘焙和闻到熟悉的气味给宇航员们带来欢乐)”及倒数第三段中“But thats feeling we all know and love. that will make someone feel at home. (但这是我们都知道和喜欢的感觉这会让人有家的感觉)”可知，设计特殊烤箱的目的有：为宇航员准备一些新鲜的食物、给宇航员带来家的感觉以及改善太空旅行，除了D选项“为宇航员提供一个在太空玩的新游戏”。故选D。13.推理判断题。根据最后一段“With comme

56、rcial space travel now being planned, who knows what other developments may surprise us in the future?( 随着商业太空旅行正在计划中，谁知道未来还有什么其他的发展会让我们大吃一惊呢？)”可推知，作者最有可能认为，航天发展的未来将是令人惊讶的。故选C。III.完形填空Trackers on IceJust because a scientist puts a GPS tracking collar on a wild polar bear does not mean the animal wil

57、l willingly keep it on. 14 , these huge collars are purposefully loose so that if one becomes annoying, a bear can 15 it. But scientists have now found a way to use signals from the discarded(丢弃的)devices.“These dropped collars 16 would have been considered garbage data,” says Natasha Klappstein, a p

58、olar bear researcher at the University of Alberta. She and her colleagues instead used 17 from such collars, left on sea ice in Canadas Hudson Bay, to track the ice itself. For their study, published in June in The Cryosphere, the researchers 18 twenty collars that sent movement data consistent(与一致的

59、)with ice drift rather than polar bear 19 between 2005 and 2015. The resulting records of how melting ice typically drifts in Hudson Bay are unique; there are no easily 20 on-the-ground sensors, and satellite observations often cannot 21 capture the motion of small ice sheets.The team compared the d

60、iscarded collars movements with widely used ice-drift modeling data from the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). Collar data indicated that the NSIDC model underestimates the speed at which ice moves around in Hudson Bay-as well as the overall 22 of drift. Over the course of several mont

61、hs the model could drift away from an ice sheets location by a few hundred kilometers, the researchers say.This means the bears may be working harder, when moving against the direction of the ice, than scientists had 23 .“Since were underestimating the speed of drift, were likely underestimating the

62、 energetic effort of polar bears, says Natasha Klappstein. The research reveals 24 insight (洞悉) into how highly mobile ice moves. As melting increases in coming years, such ice will likely become more 25 farther north, in the central Arctic. Scientists had known NSIDC data could underestimate drift

63、speeds, but “any time we can find a data 26 ,it is a good thing.”Plus,such data could improve predictions about how oil spills or other pollutants may spread in seas 27 with drifting ice, says Walt Meier, a senior NSIDC research scientist,who was not involved in the study. The findings may even 28 f

64、uture NSIDC models. “Its a really nice data set,” Meier says.And certainly one well take consideration.14.A.In factB.In a wayC.In additionD.In the end15.A.destroyB.removeC.resistD.reject16.A.particularlyB.relevantlyC.intentionallyD.potentially17.A.estimatesB.subjectsC.measurementsD.patents18.A.displ

65、ayedB.identifiedC.justifiedD.preserved19.A.behaviorB.habitatC.mannerD.motion20.A.flexibleB.favorableC.accessibleD.changeable21.A.internallyB.accuratelyC.securelyD.independently22.A.extentB.damageC.trendD.limit23.A.agreedB.promisedC.provedD.assumed24.A.immediateB.superiorC.entireD.timely25.A.evidentB

66、.uniqueC.commonD.realistic26.A.gapB.scanC.boomD.fit27.A.replacedB.litteredC.packedD.matched28.A.reverseB.resembleC.influenceD.motivate【答案】14.A15.B16.D17.C18.B19.D20.C21.B22.A23.D24.D25.C26.A27.B28.C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了科学家通过被丢弃的项圈获得数据来研究北极冰的移动。14.考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，这些巨大的项圈是故意松开的，如果一个项圈让熊觉得讨厌，熊可能会把它取下来。A. In

67、 fact事实上；B. In a way某种程度上；C. In addition另外；D. In the end最后。根据上下文可知，科学家将GPS跟踪项圈放在野生北极熊身上，并不意味着北极熊会愿意继续使用它。后文表示实际情况，项圈是故意松开的，可以被北极熊摘下的。故选A项。15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这些巨大的项圈是故意松开的，这样如果一个项圈让熊觉得讨厌，熊可能会把它取下来。A. destroy摧毁；B. remove移掉，脱下，摘下；C. resist抵抗，抵制；D. reject拒绝。此处表示北极熊不愿带项圈时，项圈是可以被北极熊摘下的。故选B项。16.考查副词词义辨析。句意

68、：“这些掉下来的项圈很有可能被认为是垃圾数据，”阿尔伯塔大学的北极熊研究人员娜塔莎克拉普斯坦说。A. particularly尤其；B. relevantly相关地；C. intentionally有意地；D. potentially有可能地。根据上文语境，由于项圈可以被松开，因此，这部分掉下来的项圈很有可能被认为是垃圾数据。故选D项。17.考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，她和她的同事利用遗留在加拿大哈德逊湾的冰块上留下的项圈上的测量数据来追踪冰块本身。A. estimates估计；B. subjects主题；C. measurements测量数据；D. patents专利。与上文garbage

69、 data呼应，根据本句中“from such collars”可知，在项圈上的应该是测量数据。故选C项。18.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六月份发表在冰冻圈上的研究中，研究人员鉴定了20个项圈，它们在2005年到2015年之间发送的运动数据与冰层漂移而不是与北极熊的运动一致。A. displayed展示；B. identified识别，鉴定；C. justified证明合法；D. preserved保护。此处是出于研究目的，从四个选项来看只有identified最符合搭配。故选B项。19.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六月份发表在冰冻圈上的研究中，研究人员鉴定了20个项圈，它们在2005年到201

70、5年之间发送的运动数据与冰层漂移而不是与北极熊的运动一致。A. behavior行为；B. habitat栖息地；C. manner方式、礼仪；D. motion运动。本题为单词复现题。第8空所在的句子“and satellite observations often cannot accurately capture the motion of small ice sheets”中出现了motion。故选D项。20.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于融化的冰如何在哈德逊湾典型漂移的结果记录是独特的：地面传感器不易探测，卫星观测常常无法准确捕捉小冰原的运动。A. flexible灵活的；B. fa

71、vorable赞许的；C. accessible易接近的、可理解的；D. changeable可改变的。根据“often cannot”及“no easily”可知，此处表示无法探测地面传感器。故选C项。21.考查副词词义辨析。句意：关于融化的冰如何在哈德逊湾典型漂移的结果记录是独特的：地面传感器不易探测，卫星观测常常无法准确捕捉小冰原的运动。A. internally内部地；B. accurately精确地；C. securely安全地；D. independently独立地。根据“capture the motion of small ice sheets”及“no easily”可知，此

72、处表示无法精确捕捉小冰原的运动。故选B项。22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：项圈数据表明，NSIDC模型低估了哈德逊湾海冰移动的速度以及漂移的总体范围。A. extent范围；B. damage毁坏；C. trend趋势；D. limit限制。根据下文“Over the course of several months the model could drift away from an ice sheets location by a few hundred kilometers”可知，此处指总体的漂移范围。故选A项。23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着北极熊在逆冰移动的时候可能比科学家们想象

73、的更加努力。A. agreed同意；B. promised保证；C. proved证明；D. assumed设想，假设。根据后文的“underestimating”可知，此处表示科学家的设想。故选D项。24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项研究及时地揭示了高速移动的冰是如何移动的。A. immediate立刻的；B. superior更好的，上级的；C. entire 整体的；D. timely及时的。从文章后面对于近年冰盖变化的描述来看，此处是表达科学家对于冰盖漂移发现的及时性。故选D项。25.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于冰川融化在未来几年会增加，这样的冰块在更北边的地方可能会变得更常见。A

74、. evident清晰可见的；B. unique独一无二的；C. common 普通的，常见的；D. realistic现实的。根据“As melting increases in coming years”推测，这样的冰块在北方更为常见。故选C项。26.考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们已经知道NSIDC的数据可能会低估漂移速度，但“任何时候我们都能发现数据缺口，这是一件好事。”A. gap缺口；B. scan扫描；C. boom（贸易和经济活动的）激增；D. fit（癫痫等的）突发，发作。根据“NSIDC data could underestimate drift speeds”和“it

75、is a good thing.”可知，这里指发现数据缺口。故选A项。27.考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：此外，未参与这项研究的NSIDC资深研究科学家Walt Meier说：“这些数据可以改善对溢油或其他污染物如何在满是浮冰的海洋中扩散的预测。”A. replaced被替换的；B. littered散放的；C. packed被打包的；D. matched被配对的。此处“littered with drifting ice”修饰“ocean”，为过去分词作后置定语，意思为：满是浮冰的。故选B项。28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样的发现甚至也许会影响未来的NSIDC模型。A. reverse逆转；

76、B. resemble类似，像；C. influence影响；D. motivate激励。上文有提到模型和实际的差距，因此这项研究只能影响到新的模型，做出调整和改进。故选C项。IV.书面表达 假定你是张华,你的美国笔友John得知你校上月举办了首届校园科技节活动,发邮件向你询问相关情况。请你回复邮件。内容包括：1. 活动的目的;2. 活动的形式,如智能校园创客(maker)大赛,科创成果展等;3. 你的感受。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。_【参考范文】Dear John,I am excited to tell you that the first Scie

77、nce and Technology Festival was held in our school last month, which aimed at enriching us students school life and promoting the students awareness of innovation.There were a variety of activities in the festival, which included Makers on Campus, where participants could show their designs and prod

78、ucts, and an exhibition of the students original inventions, designs and literary works. With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students, the activity turned out a great success. I was astonished at schoolmates creativity and teamwork spirits.I do hope more activities will be hel

79、d in my school to provide us with chances to practice our critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.Yours,Zhang Ming【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是张华,你的美国笔友John得知你校上月举办了首届校园科技节活动,发邮件向你询问相关情况。请你回复邮件。内容包括：1. 活动的目的;2. 活动的形式,如智能校园创客(maker)大赛,科创成果展等;3. 你的感受。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：the

80、 first Science and Technology Festival（第一届科技节），aim at（目的在于），a variety of（各种各样的）；Makers on Campus（校园科创），original inventions（原创发明）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I am excited to tell you that the

81、first Science and Technology Festival was held in our school last month运用了宾语从句；With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students, the activity turned out a great success. I was astonished at schoolmates creativity and teamwork spirits.运用了with的复合结构。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。