Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are 知识详解-2023-2024学年英语九年级上册(人教版).docx

1、Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?请问你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗?知识详解Section ACould you please tell me where the restrooms are?请问你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? (教材P17标题)Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore? 打扰一下,请问你能告诉我怎样去书店吗? (教材P17 1c)问路的常用句型讲”Could you please tell me where.?与 “Cou

2、ld you please tell me how to get to.?意为”请问你能告诉我在哪里吗怎样去吗?”,是问路的常用句型.Excuse me, could/can you please tell me how to get to the hospital?打扰了,请问你能告诉我怎样去医院吗?拓(1)问路的常用句型还有:Could/Can you tell me the way to.?你能告诉我去的路吗?Could/Can you tell me how I can get to.?你能告诉我怎样能到吗? Which is the way to.,please?请问哪条是去的路?I

3、s there a/an.near here?这儿附近有吗?Where is.,please?请问在哪里?(2)指路的常用表达有:Go along/down this road/street.沿着这条路街走.Turn left/right at the+序数词crossing/turning.在第个十字路口拐弯处向左右转.Its next to/beside/across from.,它紧挨着/它在旁边它在对面Could you please+动词原形.?讲该句型意为“请你好吗?”,用于礼貌地提出请求,please后接动词原形,其肯定回答常用”With pleasure./Of course.

4、/No problem./OK.;否定回答常用”Sorry, I have to./ Sorry, Im afraid I cant.-Alice, could you please pass me the pen? I want to write a letter.艾丽斯,你能把钢笔递给我吗?我想写封信.-OK. Here you are.好的,给你.buy some stamps 买一些邮票 (教材P17 1a)stamp/stmp/n.邮票;印章I want a 50-cent stamp.我想要一张50分的邮票.He put a date stamp on the paper.他在纸上

5、盖了一个日期戳.拓动词跺脚The audience stamped and shouted.观众又是跺脚又是大声叫喊.Sure, just go along Main Street until you pass Center Street.当然,就沿着主大街走,直到你经过中心大街.(教材P17 1c)go along 沿着向前走讲是指路的常用表达,同义短语有go down、walk along/down等.Go along the road and turn left at the first crossing.沿着这条路走,然后在第一个十字路口左拐.Go down the street an

6、d you can find the shop.沿街前行,你会找到那家商店的.until的用法讲连词直到为止引导时间状语从句.其用法有:(1)用于肯定句,表示主句的动作一直延续到until所表示的时间为止.(此时可与till互换,且主句的谓语动词要用延续性动词).Before you get off the bus, you should wait until it has stopped.你应该等公共汽车停了再下车.(2)用于否定句,构成”notuntil.结构,意为“直到才”,表示主句的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生.(此时可与till互换,且主句的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词).Sh

7、e wont leave until/till the rain stops.直到雨停她才会离开.非延续性动词拓介词直到为止后接表示时间的词或短语.He waited until midnight.他一直等到午夜.He didnt go home until 12oclock,他直到十二点才回家.典例1 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词.It is said that erhu did not get its name u_ the late Qing Dynasty.解析:句意:据说二胡直到晚清时期才得名.not.until.直到才”,故填until.pass v.经过,通过I invited

8、him in when he passed my house last time.上次他路过我家时我请他进来了.We passed through the gates into a courtyard behind.我们穿过几道门进了后面的院子.拓pass的常用含义还有:Pass me some salt, please.=Pass some salt to me, please,请递给我一些盐.The days passed slowly.日子慢慢地过去.I think Jerry will pass the exam this time.我想杰里这次会通过考试的.The bookstore

9、 is on your right, beside the bank.书店就在你的右手边,在银行的旁边. (教材P17 1c)beside/bsad/ prep.在旁边;在附近辨 beside 与 besides两者均为介词.beside在旁边;在附近相当于next toHe came in, took off his coat and sat down beside me.他走进来,脱下外套,在我旁边坐了下来.besides除之外(还)Besides this show, she also watches many other online food programs.除了这个节目,她还观看

10、很多其他的网络美食节目.Go past the bookstore.经过书店. (教材P18 2a)go past 经过讲相当于pass(by),其中past为介词,意为“经过”.Will you go past/pass by my house on your way home?你回家的路上会经过我家吗?We drove past the house.我们开车经过那座房子.拓past介词晚于,在之后Its half past ten.现在10点半.辨past, across, through 与 overPast从旁边经过across从物体表面横过through从物体内部穿过over从物体上

11、方越过或跨过Pardon?什么? (教材P18 2d)pardon/pa:(r)dn/v.原谅interj.请再说一遍讲(1)感叹词常用于表示没有听清楚或不理解对方所说的内容,请求对方再重复一遍,语气比较委婉,读时用升调.”Pardon?相当于”I beg your pardon?或”Pardon me?,意为”什么,请再说一遍”.-Pardon? I didnt catch what you said.请再说一遍,我没听清你说的话.-I said we should go earlier.我说我们应该早点儿去.(2)及物动词原谅pardon sb. for(doing)sth.原谅某人(做)

12、某事Pardon me for saying so, but you dont look well.请原谅我这么说,你看上去气色不好.典例2 (济南市历下区期中)-Excuse me, could you please tell me where the nearest bank is?-_ I didnt hear you clearly.A. Pardon me?B. Thank you.C. Come on.D. Youre welcome.解析;句意:”打扰一下,请问你能告诉我最近的银行在哪里吗?”“请再说一遍.我没听清你说的话.”根据空后的”I didnt hear you clea

13、rly可知,此处应用”Pardon me?”“.故选A.In China, we normally say toilet or “washroom in English.在中国,我们通常用英语说”toilet或”washroom. (教材P18 2d)normally/no:(r)mli/adv.通常;正常情况下讲副词由”normal(adj.正常的)-ly(后缀)”构成.The journey normally takes about two hours.这段旅程通常需要大约两小时.Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan

14、.正常情况下,你每骑一小时,需要付1元钱.拓normal形容词正常的 可作定语或表语.People began to live a normal life after the earthquake.地震过后人们开始过上了正常的生活.Its normal to feel nervous before an exam.考试之前觉得紧张是正常的.You dont need to rush!你不必着急！ (教材P18 2d)rush/r/v.& n.仓促;急促讲 (1)动词仓促;急促rush to do sth.匆忙做某事rush out of 冲出Firefighters rushed to the

15、 accident scene.消防员们迅速赶到事故现场.There was little time left, so they rushed to catch the bus.时间很少了,所以他们急急忙忙去赶公共汽车.He rushed out of the room when the bell rang.铃响了,他冲出房间.(2)名词仓促,匆忙;繁忙in a rush 仓促;匆忙at rush hour在(上下班时的)交通高峰期When youre in a rush, its easier to make mistakes.你在匆忙之中更容易犯错.I was scared at firs

16、t, but shouting did help.开始时我很害怕,但是大喊真的很管用. (教材P19 3a)do表示强调讲此句中的did起强调作用,表示”真的,的确”.在英语中,可以借助助动词do对谓语进行强调,do位于谓语动词前,且do有人称、数和时态的变化(do/does/did).起强调作用的do要重读.The boy did know the truth.这个男孩真的知道真相.My father does have a good memory.我爸爸的记忆力真的很好.I suggest Water City Restaurant in Water World.我建议去水世界的水城餐厅.

17、 (教材P19 3a)suggest/sdest/v.建议;提议讲 suggest sth.(to sb.)(向某人)建议某事suggest doing sth.建议做某事suggest(that)sb.(should) do sth.建议某人做某事May I suggest a white wine with this dish, sir?先生,吃这道菜,我给您推荐一种白葡萄酒,好吗?Joey suggested making a seat under the tree.乔伊建议在树下做个座位.I suggest (that) we have dinner first, and then w

18、atch the film.我建议我们先吃晚饭,而后看电影.拓 (1)suggest动词暗示;表明 后跟宾语从句时,从句的谓语动词随人称和时态的变化而变化.His smile suggested (that) he was satisfied.他的微笑表明他是满意的.(2)suggestion可数名词建议其同义词advice为不可数名词.These suggestions will help us to get along well with others,这些建议将帮助我们与他人和睦相处.典例3(2022包头中考)-How can we go to the station?-I_ going

19、 in my car.A. practiseB. suggestC. inviteD. introduce解析:句意:”我们怎么去车站?”“我建议坐我的车去.”practise练习”;suggest建议”;invite 邀请”;introduce介绍”.根据”How can we go to the station可知,此处是提出建议.故选B.On their way to Water City Restaurant, Alice and He Wei pass by Uncle Bobs.在他们去水城餐厅的路上,艾丽斯和何伟经过鲍勃叔叔的餐馆. (教材P19 3a)on ones way t

20、o.在某人去的路上讲to后接地点名词,如果接here、there、home等副词,省略to.You are on the way to success as long as you stick to your dreams.只要你坚持自己的梦想,你就在成功的路上.Last week I was on my way home, I checked my phone.上周我在回家的路上查看了手机.拓 和way有关的其他短语:by the way顺便提一下in a way在某种程度上in the way挡路;妨碍in this way通过这种方法pass by 路过;经过Will you pass

21、by the supermarket on your way home?你在回家的路上会经过超市吗?As his neighbors passed by and saw Henry, they all praised Henry for what he was doing.当他的邻居经过,看见亨利的时候,他们都为他所做的事情表扬他.拓pass by还有”(时间)逝去;过去”的意思,此时相当于go by.A few minutes passed by, but the ice didnt melt.几分钟过去了,但冰没有融化.Alice and He Wei walk up to a staff

22、 person at the door,艾丽斯和何伟走向门口的一名工作人员.(教材P19 3a)staff/sta:f/,/stf/n.管理人员;职工讲 属集体名词,既可看作单数,又可看作复数.强调整体时,谓语动词用单数形式;强调个体时,谓语动词用复数形式.常见的集体名词还有:police(警察)、army(军队)、class(班级)、family(家庭)、team(小组)等.The teaching staff in this school is/are excellent.这所学校的全体教师都很优秀.We have 20 part-time members of staff.我们有20名兼

23、职员工.How do I get to the Central Library?我怎样能到达中心图书馆? (教材P20 4a)central/sentral/adj.中心的;中央的His aunt lives in central London.他姨妈住在伦敦市中心.拓center名词中心;中央 in the center of在的中心中央These buildings lie in the center of the city, Milan.这些建筑物位于米兰市中心.词缀学习-al 是常见的形容词后缀,表示“与有关的”.如:national 国家的,personal个人的,education

24、al有教育意义的,musical音乐的,medical医疗的,accidental 意外的.Is the Italian restaurant nearby open on Mondays?附近的意大利餐馆周一营业吗? (教材P20 4a)nearby/mbai/ adj.附近的;邻近的adv.在附近;附近讲nearby的用法:副词在附近;附近Kids living nearby were making a snowman in the park.住在附近的孩子们正在公园里堆雪人.形容词附近的;邻近的(通常置于名词前作定语)Excuse me, can you tell me how I ca

25、n get to a nearby restaurant?打扰一下,你能告诉我怎么到附近的餐馆吗?Sally needs to mail a letter.萨莉需要邮寄一封信. (教材P20 4b)mail/meil/v.邮寄;发电子邮件n.邮件;信件讲(1)动词邮寄;发电子邮件(此处用法)Will you please mail the pack for me?请你帮我邮寄个包裹好吗?(2)名词邮件;信件Shes checking her mails.她正在检查她的邮件.拓e-mail名词电子邮件动词发电子邮件You go east along this street.你沿着这条街向东走 (

26、教材P204c)east/i:st/adj.东方的;东部的adv.向东;朝东n.东;东方讲(1)副词向东;朝东(此处用法)The plane flew east.飞机向东飞了.It is a small village 18 miles east of Paris.那是巴黎以东18英里处的一个小村庄.(2)形容词东方的;东部的只用在名词前作定语.I dont know the east coast well.我不太熟悉东海岸.(3)名词东;东方The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳东升西落.Section Bfascinating 迷

27、人的 (教材P21 1a)fascinating adj.迷人的;极有吸引力的讲常在句中作表语或定语.作表语时,主语通常为物.Your topic is fascinating.你的话题很有吸引力.(作表语)Flying in the sky, we can see the fascinating city below.在空中飞行,我们可以看到下面迷人的城市. (作定语)归纳总结fascinating adj.迷人的;极有吸引力的fascinated adj.入迷的; 极感兴趣的fascination n. 魅力;入迷fascinate v. 迷住;深深吸引Anything to do wit

28、h the old house fascinates me.任何与这个古屋有关的东西都深深吸引着我.The students were fascinated by his ideas.学生们对他的想法极感兴趣.Old castles have a certain strange fascination for me.古城堡对我有某种奇特的吸引力.inexpensive 不昂贵的 (教材P21 1a)inexpensive/nkspensv/adj.不昂贵的讲形容词由”in-(否定前缀)expensive(adj.昂贵的)”构成.同义词cheap(廉价的,便宜的)反义词expensive/dea

29、r(昂贵的)Everything at that store is inexpensive.那家商店里的所有商品都不贵.词缀学习原词加否定前缀后,通常构成其反义词.其他常用的否定前缀还有:im-impossible(不可能的)impolite(不礼貌的)un-unhealthy(不健康的)unhappy(不高兴)dis-disagree(不同意)dislike(不喜欢)convenient 便利的 (教材P21 1a)convenient adj.便利的;方便的讲It is convenient(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事很方便.The self-service

30、library makes it convenient for us to borrow books.自助图书馆为我们借书提供了便利.拓convenience n.方便U;便利的事物(或设施)We are enjoying the convenience of modern technology.我们正享受着现代科技带来的便捷.The house has all the modern conveniences.这座房子拥有所有现代化的便利设施.典例1 (2023武汉市江汉区期中)You neednt take your wallet while shopping. Its_ to pay on

31、 WeChat or Alipay(支付宝).A. convenientB. helpfulC. comfortableD. friendly解析:句意:你购物时不必带钱包.使用微信或支付宝支付很方便.convenient方便的”; helpful有帮助的”;comfortable舒服的”; friendly友好的”.根据句意及常识可知选A.,the clerk tells her to go to the corner of Market and Middle Streets.职员告诉她去市场街与中心街的拐角处. (教材P21 1c)corner/k: (r)n(r)n(r)/n,拐角;角落

32、讲at/on the corner of 在的拐角处(多指位于某个平面的角拐角)in the corner of 在角落里(多指位于某个立体空间内部的角落)There is a hotel at/on the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一个旅馆.You can see a table in the corner of the room.在房间的角落你可以看到一个桌子.When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help politely.当你去国外旅游时,知道如何有

33、礼貌地寻求帮助是重要的. (教材P22 2b)politely adv.礼貌地;客气地讲副词由”polite(adj.有礼貌的;客气的)-ly构成.Whenever you meet your friends, you should greet them politely.每当你遇到你的朋友,你都应该礼貌地问候他们.归纳总结polite adj. 有礼貌的;客气的impolite adj.不礼貌的;粗鲁的politely adv. 礼貌地;客气地impolitely adv.无礼地It is polite to say thank you very often, even to family

34、members.经常说”谢谢”是很礼貌的,即使是对家人.Its considered impolite to talk with your mouth full.说话时满嘴食物被认为是不礼貌的.考向点拨polite的几个派生词通常在词汇题或短文填词题中考查,解答时先分析句子成分,判断用形容词还是副词,再根据语境确定用肯定还是否定.典例2用所给词的适当形式填空.(2022百色中考)We should speak_ (polite) when we talk to the elders.解析:句意;我们和长辈说话时要有礼貌.修饰动词 speak应用副词,故填politely.These are s

35、imilar requests for directions.这些是相似的问路请求. (教材P22 2b)request/rkwest/n.&v.要求;请求讲 (1)名词要求;请求(此处用法)多指比较正式的请求,其后常接介词for,引出请求的具体内容.They have made an urgent request for international aid.他们紧急请求国际援助.(2)动词要求;请求request sth.(from sb.)(向某人)请求某事某物She requested permission to take part in the match.她请求批准去参加比赛.req

36、uest sb.(not) to do sth.请求要求某人(不要)做某事The waiter requested me not to smoke in the restaurant.服务员要求我不要在餐馆里吸烟.request +(that)从句要求She requested that no one(should) be late for the meeting.她要求任何人不得开会迟到.Direction n.方向;方位讲名词常与介词in连用.in the direction of向着方向in all directions 向四面八方;全面地;向各方面They headed in the

37、direction of the village.他们朝村庄的方向去.Scared by the loud noise, the rabbits ran off in all directions.由于被巨响吓着了,兔子们向四面八方跑去.Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction, there is no life.理想是指路明灯.没有理想,就没有坚定的方向;没有方向,就没有生活.(LeoTolstoy 列夫托尔斯泰)Both are correct, but the f

38、irst one sounds less polite.两者都正确,但是第一种听起来不太礼貌.(教材P22 2b)correct/krekt/adj.正确的;恰当的讲形容词同义词为right,反义词为incorrect“不正确的”,副词为 correctly正确地”.They teach farmers to plant vegetables correctly.他们教农民正确种植蔬菜.If I remember correctly, he is Spanish.如果我没记错的话,他是西班牙人.拓及物动词纠正;批改Its necessary to correct his mistakes.有必

39、要纠正他的错误.Hes been correcting the kids homework for hours.他已经批改孩子们的家庭作业好几个小时了.less+形容词副词讲 该结构表示降级比较,此时less作副词,意为”较少小;更少小;没那么多”.有时可以和”not as/so+形容词副词原级as进行转换.This story is less interesting than that one. =This story is not so/as interesting as that one.这个故事没那个故事有趣.典例3 按要求完成句子,每空一词.Radios are not as int

40、eresting as TVs.(改为同义句)Radios are_ _ _ TVs.解析;句意;收音机没有电视有趣.not as.as.,.意为“不像一样”,可用less than改写,故填less interesting than.That is because it is a very direct question.那是因为它是一个非常直接的问题. (教材P22 2b)direct adj.直接的;直率的讲(1)形容词直接的(此处用法)Try to make a direct connection between the object and the English word. 努力在

41、物体与英语单词之间建立直接的联系. (2)形容词直率的He is very direct, so you always know what his real views are.他为人很直率,所以你总能知道他的真实看法.That is because.讲 该句式意为”那是因为”,其中because引导表语从句,用来说明原因.That is why.表示”那是的原因”,why引导的表语从句表示结果.Tom was late for work this morning. That is because he overslept.汤姆今天早晨上班迟到了.那是因为他睡过头了.Tom overslept

42、 this morning. That is why he was late for work.汤姆今天早晨睡过头了.那是他上班迟到的原因.The expressions they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other.他们用的表达方式可能取决于他们正在和谁说话或者他们对彼此的了解程度. (教材P22 2b)whom/hu:m/pron.谁;什么人讲 是who的宾格形式,口语中常用who替代whom,但在书面语中或较正式场合下以及介词后时应用whom作宾语.Who/Whom

43、is your mother living with? 你母亲和谁一起生活?Whom did you lend the book to? 你把书借给谁了?Sometimes we even need to spend time leading into a request.有时,我们甚至需要花时间来引出一个请求.(教材P22 2b)spend time(in)doing sth.花费时间做某事Its meaningful for us to spend our free time volunteering.对我们来说,把空闲时间花在志愿服务上是有意义的.辨spend, take, pay与co

44、stspend主语通常是人sb. spends time/money doing sth.某人花费时间金钱做某事sb. spends time/money on sth.某人在某事某物上花费时间金钱take通常用it作形式主语it takes sb, some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间pay主语通常是人sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物花费多少钱cost主语通常是物sth, costs sb. some money 某物花费某人多少钱I spent 100 yuan on the present.我花了100元买这件礼物.It too

45、k me 20 minutes to get to school.我花了20分钟到达学校.We paid 150 yuan for the meal.这顿饭我们花了150元.The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan,这个书包花了我50元.典例4 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空.(2022贺州中考改编)Youd better spend more time_ (do) sports after school to keep healthy.解析:spend some time doing sth.花费时间做某事”为固定结构,故填doing.lead into 引入讲 指为做某事而

46、展开铺垫.其中lead为动词,其过去式和过去分词均为led.Mr. Zhang often leads into a new lesson by playing a related video.张老师经常通过播放相关视频导入新课.拓lead to 导致;造成Dont always stay up late. An unhealthy lifestyle can lead to illnesses.别总是熬夜.不健康的生活方式可能会导致疾病.It might seem more difficult to speak politely than directly.看起来礼貌地说话比直截了当更困难.

47、(教材P22 2b)seem v.看来,似乎,好像讲seem的常见用法:seem(to be)+n./adj.似乎seem to do sth.似乎做某事,好像做某事It seems+ that 从句 看起来好像I know that it seems difficult for you, but it will help you build up your confidence,我知道这对你来说很难,但它会帮助你建立信心.Susan works carefully, so she never seems to make mistakes,苏珊工作很认真,所以她似乎从不犯错.It seems

48、that the coach is satisfied with the result.教练看上去对比赛结果很满意.Theres an underground parking lot over there.那边有一个地下停车场. (教材P22 2b)underground/nd(r)grand/ adj.地下的n.地铁讲 (1)形容词由”under-(前缀)ground(n.地面)”构成.A new underground mall is being built there.那边正在建一个新的地下商场.(2)名词地铁为英式英语,美式英语中用subway.We went there by und

49、erground.我们乘地铁去的那里.thank the person for helping you 感谢帮助你的那个人 (教材P24 3b)thank sb. for.感谢某人讲for为介词,后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语.Thank you for your advice.谢谢你的建议.He thanked me for pointing out the mistakes in his homework.他感谢我指出他家庭作业中的错误.拓thanks to sb./sth.多亏某人;由于某事Thanks to your help, I finished the work on

50、time.多亏了你的帮助,我才能按时完成工作.Im looking forward to your reply.我期盼你的回复. (教材P24 3b)look forward to 期盼讲to为介词,其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语.We all look forward to seeing you again soon.我们都期盼能够尽快再次见到您.典例5根据所给汉语和提示词完成句子,每空一词.我盼望收到你的来信.(forward)Im_ _ _ hearing from you.答案:looking forward toYoure always in a rush to get to school on time.为了准时到校,你总是很匆忙. (教材P24 1)on time 准时;按时He will come on time even though it rains.即使下雨,他还是会准时来的.