专题01 速记 规律记忆 初高中不规则动词 过去式过去分词（1） -规律速记不规则动词和名词动词单复数形容词副词变形.docx

1、专题01 AAA AAB速记 规律记忆 初高中不规则动词 过去式，过去分词和现在分词规律速记口诀+练习模板+真题和模拟题巩固练习(初中，高一，高二， 高三适用)目录 一 分类速记口诀模板二 速记口诀练习模板三 部分真题和巩固练习第一步： 口诀速记模板1. AAA 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义broadcastbroadcastbroadcastbroadcasting广播，播放，播送burstburstburstbroadcasting爆炸，突然发作costcostcostbroadcasting花费cutcutcutcutting割，切hurthurthurthurting受伤hith

2、ithithitting打，撞letletletletting让putputputputting放下readreadreadreading读ridrid/riddedrid/riddedridding使摆脱，使去掉setsetsetsetting安排，安置spreadspreadspreadspreading展开，传播，涂spitspit/spatspit/spatspitting吐痰shutshutshutshutting关上，停止营业第二步 口诀练习模板动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义broadcastburstcostcuthurthitletputreadridsetspreadsp

3、itshut第三步 巩固练一练1. (2022新课标全国II卷阅读理解改编) This _(hit ) home for me as I was_(sit) with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.2. The boy _ (hurt) his back yesterday afternoon and was sent to hospital immediately.3. When he heard the news, he _ (burst) out crying.4. He _ (cut)

4、 the cake into small pieces and shared it with his friends.5. He _ (spread) a newspaper on the table before playing with chess.6. I _(set) up the computer so that they could work from home.7. Try and get _(rid) of your visitors before I get there.8. The house _(cost) him three million dollars .9. Be

5、 careful or you will be _ (hit) by the ball.10. She took a mouthful of food and then suddenly _ (spit) it out.11. The interview was _(broadcast) on radio and television.12. The computer system will be _ (shut) down over the weekend.13. （2020年江苏卷阅读理解改编）He said that one of the boxes generated around 1

6、3500 in revenue a month and cost only about 400 to rent.1.【答案】hit , sitting 【解析】考查不规则动词。句意：在春节假期，当我和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上时，我深刻意识到了这一点。Hit home 击中要害，使深刻意识到 sit结尾又一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾，而且重读，变为现在分词需要双写辅音字母，再加ing。2.【答案】hurt【解析】句意“这个男孩昨天伤到了他的后背并且被立刻送到了医院”。hurt的过去式是原形。3.【答案】burst【解析】本句考查谓语动词过去式形式。burst的过去式形式为burst。4.【答案】c

7、ut【解析】并列连词and前后分别为动词的过去式形式，cut的过去式形式为cut。5【答案】spread【解析】本句考查谓语动词过去式形式。spread为不规则动词，过去式和过去分词形式都是原形。6.【答案】set【解析】句意“我安装了一台电脑以便他们在家也能工作”，故使用过去时。7.【答案】rid【解析】get rid of意为“摆脱”。8.【答案】cost【解析】由句意知，房子已经买过了，故用cost的过去式形式cost。9.【答案】hit【解析】hit 为不规则动词，be hit by表示“被打中”。10.【答案】spit/spat【解析】词句为并列句，and之前是一般过去时，而spit

8、为不规则动词，故填过去式spit或spat。11.【答案】broadcast【解析】一般过去时的被动语态，was/were+过去分词。12.【答案】shut【解析】句意“电脑系统将会被关闭”，考查被动语态。13.【答案】 【解析】句意：他说，其中一个电话亭每月的收入为1.35万美元，而租金仅为400美元左右。cost的过去式和过去分词均是cost.2、AAB第一步： 口诀速记模板动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义beatbeatbeatenbeating打败第二步 口诀练习模板动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义beat第三步 巩固练一练1. He has _(beat) her opponen

9、t in all of their previous encounters. 2.Australia made hard work of _(beat) them. 1.The family_ (be) very early risers in the past.2.It is the first time that my son _ (meet) Zhong Nanshan, the renowned Chinese hero face to face.3.The girl _(shake) her head happily, and the pot of milk on her head

10、immediately fell onto the ground.4.In the last few years, China _ (make) great achievements in environmental protection.5.A large percentage of the population in our country _ (be) farmers.6.The father as well as his kids _ (discuss) where to spend the weekend now.7.As time _(go) by, she became more

11、 and more anxious about her sons safety.8.It is the third time that he_( visit) our beautiful city Wuxi.9.It was quite a long time before he _ (spot) his old teacher in the crowd.10.He _(admit) that it was really his fault.1.【答案】beaten【解析】“他在以前的所有交锋中都击败了这个对手”。考查现在完成时。2.【答案】beating【解析】介词of后面跟动词的ing形式

12、，故用beating。3. 【答案】were【解析】句意：在过去，这家人都是非常早起的人。此处表示这个家庭中的每个成员，因此谓语动词应该使用复数形式。根据时间状语in the past可知句子的时态是一般过去时。故填were.4.【答案】has met【解析】考查固定句型及现在完成时和主谓一致。it is the first time that+现在完成时，是第一次.，固定句型，从句中主语my son是第三人称单数，助动词用has.故填has met.3.【答案】shook【解析】考查时态。句意：小女孩高兴地摇了摇头，她头上的牛奶罐立刻掉在了地上。根据fell可知，本句用一般过去时，此处的意思

13、是“女孩高兴地摇晃着头”；shake的过去式是shook.故填shook.4.【答案】has made【解析】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：在过去几年间，中国已在环境保护方面取得巨大成就。根据该句的时间标志词in the last few years可知谓语用现在完成时，且主语China为单数。故填has made.5.【答案】are【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。“a large (small) percentage of名词结构”用作主语时，其谓语的数原则上与该结构中名词的数保持一致，由空后 farmers可知，此处population指的是我们国家大部分的人，所以空处be动词需用复数，因为

14、陈述一个事实，所以be动词需用are.故填are.6.【答案】is discussing【解析】句意：这位父亲和他的孩子们正在讨论周末在哪里度过。根据时间状语now可知，此处表示动作正在进行，应用现在进行时；as well as遵循的是就远原则，所以谓语动词的形式由单数名词The father来决定，因此谓语动词用相应的单数形式，故填is discussing.7.【答案】went【解析】考查动词时态。分析句子结构，as引导的时间状语从句缺少谓语动词，根据主句动词became可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故填went.8.【答案】has visited【解析】考查固定句式和现在

15、完成时。在固定结构“It be the+序数词+time that.”中，be使用现在时时，从句使用现在完成时；be是过去式时，从句使用过去完成时，本句使用的是is，时态要使用现在完成时，主语是he，谓语用单数形式，故填has visited.9.【答案】spotted【解析】考查时态。句意：过了很长一段时间他才在人群中认出他的老教师。由前半句be动词was可知，空处谓语动词表示发生在过去的动作，所以需用一般过去时。故填spotted.10.【答案】admitted【解析】考查时态。根据从句中的was可知，本句是一般过去时，admit的过去式是admitted。故填admitted.真题回顾1

16、. （2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _ (be) previously unprotected.2.（2021全国甲卷）The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history. It _ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been compl

17、etely restored (修复).3. （2021年浙江卷1月）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _ (sell) most of their furniture. 4.（2020高考全国卷III）The artist was sure he would _ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old man laughed.5.(

18、2019高考全国卷) In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.6.(2019高考全国卷)Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.7. (2019高考全国卷II ) I love com

19、ing here and seeing my family and all the friends I _(make) over the years.8. (2019高考浙江卷)When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody _ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚).9. (2018高考全国卷I ) Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice.10. (2018高考全国卷II ) The Chinese Ministry of Agricul

20、ture finds that between 2005 when the government (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers. 11. (2017高考全国卷II ) Steam engines (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.12. (2017高考

21、全国卷III ) Sarah (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. 13. (2016高考全国卷III )Truly elegant chopsticks might (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.1.【答案】were【解析】考查谓语动词中不规则动词的变化形式。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到许多以前未受保护的地区。根据句中previously可知，从句描述过去的情况，应用一般过去

22、时，从句主语为复数，be动词应用were。故填were。2.【答案】was built【解析】考查动词时态语态和不规则动词的形式。分析句子可知，空处缺少句子的谓语，表示城墙被建造，用被动语态，且根据originally可知，句子为一般过去时，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。主语It为单数。故填：was built。3.【答案】sold【解析】考查时态。句意：1861年，林肯被选举为国家总统后，他们租了房子并且卖掉了大部分的家具。rent和sold为并列谓语，用and连接，所以都用一般过去时，故填sold。4. 【答案】be chosen【解析】考查被动语态。句意“这位艺术家特别确信自己能被选上”。

23、分析句子结构可知，动词choose与主语he之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，且在情态动词后，故填be chosen。5.【答案】have reported【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：近年来，一些因努伊特人报告在人类住区周围的熊出没增加。尤其时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported.6.【答案】are【解析】考查考查主谓一致和时态。 句意：在十九个公认的北极熊亚群中，有三个正在下降，六个稳定，一个在增加，九个缺乏足够的数据。根据three are declining和one is increasing可知，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“po

24、lar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，而且时态为一般现在时，故填are.7.【答案】have made【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。根据从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，故填have made.8.【答案】will have/has【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，叙述的是客观事实，可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故

25、填will have/has.9.【答案】has grown【解析】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意:自2011年以来,中国种植玉米的数量超过了水稻。根据句中时间状语Since 2011可知,此处使用现在完成时,且主语为单数,故填has grown.10.【答案】started【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意:中国农业部发现在2005年和2011年之间,化肥的使用减少了770万吨。2005年政府启动了土壤检测项目,它向农民推荐特定的化肥。关系副词when=in 2005,由此可知此处使用一般过去时。故填started.11.【答案】were used 【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意

26、：蒸汽机被用来拉动车厢，这对乘客来说一定是相当不愉快的，所有的烟雾和噪音。主语Steam engines和use之间为被动关系,且由上文语境和下文的must have been可知叙述的是过去发生的事,故需用一般过去时的被动语态;又因主语是名词的复数形式,故be动词需用were，故填were used.12.【答案】has been told/was told【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:Sarah被告知她可以成为英国的一名新超模,第二年就可以有一百万美元的收入。根据语境可知Sarah与tell之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。此处既可以用一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作,也可以用现在完成时态,表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。故填has been told/was told.13.【答案】be made 【解析】考查固定词语搭配。be made of“由制成”，句意：精美的筷子可能非由金银制成的筷子莫属，故填be made.