专题13 人与自我之成长与思考--五年（2018—2022）高考英语真题精选分类训练.docx

1、 13 成长与思考Passage1（2018天津卷）主题语境语篇类型文章词数核心词汇自我学习事例阐述347winnersNo one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own 16 .I learned this lesson from a(n) 17 many years ago. I took the head 18 job at a school in Baxley， Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.It wa

2、s a tradition for the schools old team to play against the 19 team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach， and they didnt even practice to 20 the game. Being the coach of the new team， I was excited because I knew we were going to win， but to my disappointment we were defeated. I c

3、ouldnt 21 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it， I came to 22 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia， but they were 23 me. I had to change my 24 about their ability and potential.I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 25 . Most important， I b

4、egan to treat them like 26 . That summer， When the other teams enjoyed their 27 ， we met every day and 28 passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our 29 on the spring practice field， we won our first game and our second， and continued to 30 . Finally， we faced the number one team

5、 in the state. I felt that it would be a 31 for us even if we lost the game. But that wasnt what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia， giving me one of the greatest 32 of my life!From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33 the members of a team. Instead

6、of seeing my boys as losers， I pushed and 34 them. I helped them to see themselves 35 ， and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made， but born.16. A. luckB. testsC. efforts D. nature17. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show18. A. operating B. editing C. consultingD. coaching19. A.

7、successful B. excellent C. strong D. new20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. int

8、ention25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend31. A. sh

9、ame B. burden C. victory D. favor32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect 34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently【答案解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。多年前作者担任过一个学校足球队的教练，在一次比赛中输给了学校的新队。作者开始反思，

10、不停的训练和鼓励队员，最终不可思议的赢得州里最强的对手。从这次经历中，作者感悟到：没有人天生就是赢家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。16.C 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. luck幸运；B. tests测试；C. efforts努力；D. nature自然。根据前一句No one is born a winner.（没有人天生就是赢家），根据常识可知，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。故选C。17.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A .experiment实验；B. experience经历；C. visit参观；D. show展示。根据下文可知，作者是从一次经历中得出这样的教

11、训的。故选B。18.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. operating操作；B. editing编辑；C. consulting咨询；D. coaching指导。根据后文Being the coach of the new team， I was excited because I knew we were going to win， but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者在一所学校担任总教练工作。故选D。19.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. successful成功的；B. excellent杰出的；C. st

12、rong强壮的；D. new新的。根据前半句It was a tradition for the schools old team中的old team提示可知，春季训练结束时，学校新老队伍对抗是一个传统。故选D。20.B 【解析】考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. cheer for为欢呼；B. prepare for为准备；C. help with帮助某人做；D. finish with结束于；和. 断绝关系。老队没有教练，他们甚至不练习来准备比赛。故选B。21.A 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. believe相信；B. agree同意；C. describe描述；D. regre

13、t后悔。根据前句but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者不能相信会遇到这样的情况。故选A。22.A 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. realize意识到；B. claim宣称；C. permit允许；D. demand要求。短语come to realize开始意识到。我开始意识到我的队也许不是佐治亚州头号队伍。故选A。23.C 【解析】考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. reacting to对起反应；B. looking for寻找；C. depending on依靠；D. caring about关心。但他们都在依靠我。故选C

14、。24.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. decision决定；B. attitude态度；C. conclusion结论；D. intention意图。我不得不改变我对他们能力和潜力的态度。故选B。25.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. pride自豪，自尊心；B. culture文化；C. fortune幸运；D. relationship关系。我开始做任何我能做的事情来帮助他们建立一点自尊心。故选A。26.C 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. leaders领导；B. partners伙伴；C. winners获胜者；D. learners学习者。根据后文Ins

15、tead of seeing my boys as losers， I pushed and_19_them.以及文中最后一句提示可知，作者开始像获胜者对待他们。故选C。27.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. reward报酬；B. vacations假期；C. health健康；D. honor荣誉。根据That summer可知，当其它队队员享受着他们假期的时候。故选B。28.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. risked冒险；B. missed错过；C. considered考虑；D. practiced练习。根据上文The old team had no coach

16、， and they didnt even practice to _5_the game.提示可得出答案。这里指练习传球和踢球。故选D。29.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. defeat打败；B. decline跌落；C. accident事故；D. mistake错误。根据上文but to my disappointment we were defeated.提示可得出答案。在春季训练赛场遭受失败之后。故选A。30.B 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. relax放松；B. improve提高，改善；C. expand扩大；D. defend防御。根据前句we won o

17、ur first game and our second可知，我们继续在提高。故选B。31.C 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. shame羞愧；B. burden负担；C. victory胜利；D. favor赞成。即使我们输掉比赛，我们感觉它会是一场胜利。故选C。32.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. chances机会；B. thrills激动；C. concerns关心；D. offers提供。根据前句My boys beat the best team in Georgia可知，是作者一生中最激动人心的一次！故选B。33.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. s

18、urprise惊讶；B. serve服务；C. interest兴趣；D. offers提供。从这次经历，我意识到领袖的态度如何能够呈现给队里的每个成员。故选D。34.A 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. encouraged鼓励；B. observed观察；C. protected保护；D. impressed影响。根据I pushed可知，作者在推动和鼓励他们。故选A。35.D 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. honestly诚实地；B. individually个别地；C. calmly镇静地；D. differently不同地。根据后句and they built the

19、mselves into winners.可知，我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己。故选D。【长难句析】I started doing anything I could to help them build a little pride. 【分析】本句是复合句，含有省略了that 和do的定语从句 I could【译文】我开始尽我所能帮他们树立自尊心。Passage2（2018江苏）主题语境语篇类型文章词数核心词汇人际关系事例描写315 hopeRaynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investmen

20、t. Their savings had been 36 to pay lawyers fees. To make matters worse， Moth was diagnosed（诊断）with a 37 disease. There was no 38 ， only pain relief.Failing to find any other way out， they decided to make a 39 journey， as they caught sight of an old hikers(徒步旅行者）guide.This was a long journey of unac

21、customed hardship and 40 recovery. When leaving home， Raynor and Moth had just 320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles， with the 42 hamburger shop treat.Wild camping is 43 in England. To avoid being caught， the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away

22、 early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath. Moth， meanwhile， after an initial 47 ， found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey. 49 ， the couple found

23、that their bodies turned for the better， with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 50 forever. Our hair was fried and falling out， nails broken， clothes 51 to a thread， but we were alive.During the journey， Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes， 52 had taken everymaterial thi

24、ng from me and left me torn bare， an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book. It had also given me a 54 ， either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.36. A. drawnup B. usedup C. backedup D. keptup37. A. mildB. commonC. preventableD. serious38. A. cureB. lu

25、ck C. care D. promise39. A. businessB. walkingC. bus D. rail40. A. expectedB. frighteningC. disappointingD. surprising41. A. budgetB. revenueC. compensationD. allowance42. A. frequentB. occasionalC. abundantD. constant43. A. unpopularB. lawfulC. attractiveD. illegal44. A. soon B. early C. late D. sl

26、owly45. A. harderB. easierC. cheaperD. funnier46. A. rolledB. bledC. achedD. trembled47. A. struggleB. progressC. excitementD. research48. A. developedB. controlledC. reducedD. increased49. A. InitiallyB. EventuallyC. TemporarilyD. Consequently50. A. gained B. kept C. wounded D. lost51. A. sewn B. w

27、ashed C. worn D. ironed52. A.DoctorsB. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness53. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally54. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. break55. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missing【答案解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Winn夫妇投资失败变得一无所有，更糟糕的是丈夫被诊断为重疾。然而他们没有放弃，决定徒步野外旅行。出乎意料的是，丈夫的症状渐渐减少了，夫妇二人变得越

28、来越强壮了，妻子也开始了自然作家的生涯。36.B 【解析】考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. drawn up起草；B. used up用光；C. backed up拥堵；D. kept up保持。根据后面的to pay lawyers fees.提示可知，他们的积蓄都用光了。故选B。37.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. mild 温和的；B. common共同的；C. preventable可预防的；D. serious严重的。根据后句There was no 38 ， only pain relief.可知，Moth被诊断为严重的疾病。故选D。38.A 【解析】考查名词以及对

29、语境的理解。A. cure对策；B. luck幸运；C. care关心；D. promise诺言。名词cure在这里表示“治疗的方法”。没有任何治疗的方法，只有止疼。故选A。39.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. business事务；B. walking走；C. bus公交；D. rail栏杆。根据后句as they caught sight of an old hikers(徒步旅行者）guide.可知，他们决定作一次徒步旅行。故选B。40.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. expected预期的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. disappointin

30、g令人失望的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。这是一次漫长的旅程，经历了不寻常的艰苦和惊人的恢复。故选D。41.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. budget预算；B. revenue税收；C. compensation 赔偿； D. allowance津贴。他们计划靠吃煮面条来维持低预算。故选A。42.B 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. frequent频繁的；B. occasional偶尔的；C. abundant大量的； D. constant不断的。偶尔到汉堡包店款待。故选B。43.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. unpopular不受欢迎的；B

31、. lawful合法的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. illegal非法的。根据后句To avoid being caught，可知，在英国，野营是非法的。故选D。44.C 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. soon不久；B. early早的；C. late迟的；D. slowly慢慢地。根据后句and packed it away early in the morning.中的early提示可知，他们不得不晚些时候把帐篷搭起来。故选C。45.A 【解析】考查形容词比较级以及对语境的理解。A. harder更难的；B. easier更容易的；C. cheaper更便宜的；D.

32、 funnier可笑的。根据常识可知，Winns夫妇很快发现在他们50多岁的每日徒步旅行要比他们所记的在他们20多岁的每日徒步旅行要艰难的很多。故选A。46.C 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. rolled滚动；B. bled流血；C. ached疼；D. trembled发抖。根据常识可知，Raynor浑身疼。故选C。47.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. struggle斗争；B. progress进展；C. excitement激动；D. research研究。经过最初的与病魔作斗争。故选A。48.C 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. developed发展；B.

33、 controlled控制；C. reduced减少；D. increased增加。发现他的症状不可思议的减少了。故选C。49.B 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. Initially起初；B. Eventually最终；C. Temporarily临时地；D. Consequently因此。最终，这对夫妇发现他们的身体变好了。故选B。50.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. gained获得；B. kept保持；C. wounded受伤；D. lost失去。根据前句with re-found strong muscles 可知他们原以为永远失去的强壮的肌肉又再现了。故选D。51

34、.C 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. sewn缝；B. washed洗；C. worn穿破；D. ironed熨。这里指他们的衣服破成了线状物。故选C。52.D 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.Doctors医生；B. Hiking徒步旅行；C. Lawyers律师；D. Homelessness无家可归。无家可归夺走了我所有的物质。故选D。53.B 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。 A. well好；B. partly部分地；C. neatly整洁地；D. originally起初。在写已好书中的部分，最后有一页空白页。故选B。54.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.

35、 choice选择；B. reward报酬；C. promise许诺； D. break休息。根据后句either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.中either or 可知这里是一种选择。它也给我一种选择。故选A。55.C 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. loose宽松的；B. full满的；C. blank空白的；D. missing失踪的。根据前文中an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.可知要么留下那页空白，要么继续写着希望的故事

36、。故选C。【长难句析】Failing to find any other way out，they decided to make a walking journey，as they caught sight of an old hikers(徒步旅行者）guide.【分析】本句是复合句，含有时间状语从句as they caught sight of an old hikersguide，现在分词短语Failing to find any other way out做原因状语。【译文】由于找不到其他出路，他们决定徒步旅行，因为他们看到了一位年老的徒步旅行者向导Passage3（2021年6月天

37、津卷）My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely _16_ . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother _17_ meditation (冥想),while I was a born _18_ who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to be of

38、fensive. We simply didnt _19_.I didnt _20_ having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. _21_, I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be _22_ for roles; my brother would meditate on a window sea

39、t. He might feel high school was already hard enough _23_ my noisy singing. So space to practise became a（n）_24_ between us because we shared a room.At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life for a musical. This was the first time I _25_ to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)a

40、s I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and _26_ practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my brother _27_ quiet when I got home.After two days of this, my brother asked me to _28_ him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my in

41、ability to manage this song _29_,I accepted. My brother said, When your mind floats away, you simply come back. Dont blame yourself I got the message, and it soon became my new _30_. I kept trying at the song, no longer getting _31_ at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was able t

42、o _32_ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn that you dont have to always get everything _33_ the first time and that good things come with continual _34_.I now understand why my brother favours the _35_.16. A. matureB. differentC. contentD. normal1

43、7. A. dislikedB. preferredC. replacedD. abandoned18. A. writerB. leaderC. painterD. performer19. A. get alongB. drop byC. show offD. check in20. A. tryB. mindC. enjoyD. delay21. A. In particularB. In vainC. In returnD. In theory22. A. humorousB. ordinaryC. competitiveD. grateful23. A. aboveB. belowC

44、. nearD. without24. A. issueB. contrastC. agreementD. balance25. A. struggledB. expectedC. promisedD. decided26. A. beganB. allowedC. stoppedD. continued27. A. hatedB. experiencedC. acceptedD. wanted28. A. helpB. inviteC. joinD. admire29. A. gracefullyB. suddenlyC. fiercelyD. cautiously30. A. limitB

45、. sentenceC. mistakeD. philosophy31. A. rudeB. angryC. surprisedD. excited32. A. loseB. shareC. reduceD. maintain33. A. wrongB. rightC. backD. down34. A. luckB. absenceC. effortD. fear35. A. fightB. noiseC. quietD. safety【1635题答案】【答案】16. B 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. C

46、27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. C【解析】【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同，关系紧张。在作者遭遇失败时，哥哥教给他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看起来像双胞胎，但实际上我们是完全不同的。A. mature成熟的；B. different不同的；C. content满意的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“my older brother _2_ meditation (冥想),while I was a born _3_

47、who preferred the theatrical,”哥哥喜欢冥想而作者喜欢表演，前后对比可知二者性格不同。故选B。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. disliked不喜欢；B. preferred更喜欢；C. replaced取代；D. abandoned抛弃，放弃。根据句中对比的内容“while I was a born _3_ who preferred the theatrical”和preferred呼应，可知哥哥更喜欢冥想。故选B。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到

48、我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. writer作家；B. leader领导者；C. painter画家；D. performer表演者。根据“the theatrical ,even when off stage.”和下文的“in time for the trial performance”可知作者喜欢表演。故选D。【19题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们就是合不来。A. get along相处，进展；B. drop by顺便拜访；C. show off炫耀；D. check in登记，报到。根据上句“I took his

49、relative silence to be offensive.”及下文“a tense relationship with my brother”作者和哥哥性格和爱好不同，作者甚至认为哥哥相对沉默是一种冒犯，可知两人相处地不好，关系紧张。故选A。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不介意和我哥哥关系紧张，因为我在学校很忙。A. try试图，努力；B. mind介意；C. enjoy欣赏，享受；D. delay推迟，延误。根据句中“because I was involved at school.”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every

50、day”可知在学校很忙，在家依然我行我素，并不介意和哥哥的关系。故选B。【21题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别是，我全身心地投入了音乐剧的世界。A. In particular尤其，特别；B. In vain徒劳；C. In return作为回报；D. In theory理论上。根据上文“preferred the theatrical”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知作者非常喜欢音乐。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我每天在卧室里练习唱歌，以保持最佳状态，争取角色；我哥哥会坐在靠窗的座位上冥想。A. h

51、umorous幽默的；B. ordinary普通的，平常的；C. competitive竞争的；D. grateful感激的。根据“I practised singing in the bedroom every day” 作者每天练习，可知竞争很激烈。故选C。【23题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：就算没有我吵闹的歌声，他也会觉得高中已经够难的了。A. above超过，在之上；B. below在下面；C. near在附近；D. without没有。哥哥经常冥想，作者认为即使没有自己吵闹的歌声，哥哥也会觉得高中很难。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以练习的空间成了我们之间的问题，

52、因为我们共用一个房间。A. issue问题，发行；B. contrast对比，差异；C. agreement同意，一致；D. balance平衡。根据上文“a tense relationship with my brother”和句中“we shared a room.”可知练习唱歌的空间是作者和哥哥之间的问题。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次费劲地学歌，因为当我切换到头音时，我的声音嘶哑了。A. struggled奋斗，努力；B. expected预期，盼望；C. promised允诺，许诺；D. decided决定。根据“my voice cracked (破音

53、)as I switched to a head voice”可知作者学歌很费劲。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我很恼火，停止了练习，宣称自己已经达到了歌唱事业的顶峰。A. began开始；B. allowed允许，准许；C. stopped停止；D. continued继续。根据下文“my brother _12_ quiet when I got home.”家里安静了，可知作者停止了练习唱歌。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家时，哥哥多年来第一次感到安静。A. hated厌恶；B. experienced体验，经历；C. accepted接

54、受；D. wanted想要。因为作者停止在家唱歌了，哥哥体验到了家里的安静。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样过了两天，我哥哥要我和他一起冥想。A. help帮助；B. invite邀请；C. join参加；D. admire钦佩。根据下文“I accepted”可知哥哥让作者和他一起冥想，作者同意了。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己无法优美地驾驭这首歌很生气，于是就接受了。A. gracefully优美地，优雅地；B. suddenly突然；C. fiercely猛烈地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据下文“I was able to _17_

55、power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice.”可知作者想优美地驾驭这首歌。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了这个意思，它很快就成为了我的新哲学。A. limit限度；B. sentence句子，判决；C. mistake错误；D. philosophy哲学。根据下文“It was important for me to learn that you dont have to always get everything _18_ the first time and that good things come

56、with continual _19_.”可知作者把哥哥的话作为自己的哲学。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直试着唱这首歌，不再生自己的气了。A. rude粗鲁的；B. angry生气的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. excited兴奋的。与上文“I was annoyed in that period和my anger at my inability”呼应，可知作者开始因为自己唱不好生气，现在想明白了，不生气了。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在试演的时候，尽管换了头音，我还是能保持唱歌的能力。A. lose丢失；B. share分享；C. red

57、uce减少；D. maintain保持。根据句中“was able to”和下文“good things come with”可知作者成功保持了唱歌的能力。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. wrong错误的；B. right正确的；C. back后面的；D. down情绪低落的。根据作者的经历和常识可知，第一次做事不一定能做好。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. l

58、uck运气；B. absence缺席；C. effort努力；D. fear害怕，担心。根据上文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”和“I kept trying at the song”可知只有不断努力才能成功。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在明白我哥哥什么喜欢安静了。A. fight斗争，打架；B. noise噪音；C. quiet安静，和平；D. safety安全。根据上文“my older brother _2_ meditation”“my brother would meditate on a window

59、 seat.”可知哥哥喜欢冥想，喜欢安静。故选C。Passage4（2020年新课标I卷）Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, theyll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . B

60、ut our insisting its 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.I hate lying to the kids. One day theyll 47 and discover that everything theyve always known about windows is a 48_ _.I wonder if 49_ _ should always tell the truth no matter the 50_ . I have a very strong 5

61、1 that the lie were telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical(比喻) meanings. Im telling them they cant open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(机会) of some sort, and 55 opening the door

62、 and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, What if it isnt a door? That is, What if it isnt a 57_ _ opportunity?Maybe its an unreasonable fear. But the 58_ _ is that I shouldnt lie to my kids. I should just 59_ repeatedly having to say, No. We cant go outside now. Then when they come t

63、o other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they wont 60 to open them and walk through.41. A. reliefB. targetC. reasonD. case42. A. admitB. believeC. meanD. realize43. A. graduallyB. constantlyC. temporarilyD. casually44. A. resultB. dangerC. methodD. truth45. A. merelyB. slightlyC. hardlyD

64、. partly46. A. reviewingB. approvingC. receivingD. attempting47. A. win outB. give upC. wake upD. stand out48. A. dreamB. lieC. fantasyD. fact49. A. parentsB. twinsC. colleaguesD. teachers50. A. restrictionsB. explanationsC. differencesD. consequences51. A. demandB. fearC. desireD. doubt52. A. physi

65、calB. biologicalC. spiritualD. behavioral53. A. traditionalB. importantC. doubleD. original54. A. lifeB. timeC. replyD. history55. A. by comparison withB. in addition toC. regardless ofD. instead of56. A. get hold ofB. stare atC. knock onD. make use of57. A. realB. TypicalC. similarD. limited58. A.

66、safety ruleB. comfort zoneC. bottom lineD. top secret59. A. delayB. regretC. enjoyD. accept60. A. hurryB. decideC. hesitateD. intend语篇类型：夹叙夹议文 主题语境：人与自我：父母是否应对孩子撒谎及其影响。文章大意 在日常生活中，家长可以向孩子撒谎吗？如果家长对孩子撒谎很有可能会对孩子造成精神上的伤害，以致今后的生活中畏手畏脚、无所作为。【答案与解析】41-45：CABDA 46-50：DCBAD 51-55：BCBAD 56-60：BACDC41.C 考察动词词组

67、辨析。属于语境题。根据下：If we 42 it is a door, theyll want to go outside_43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因是明显的”。故选C。42.A考查动词词义辨析。属于语境题.根据下文theyll want to go outside_43.说他们就会经常想出去，那肯定是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选A。43.B.考察副词辨析。属于语境题If we _42_ it is a door, theyll want to go outside_43_.“如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。”故选B。44.D.考察名词辨析。按

68、照此句中的 apparently，以及下一句开头的 but 可知，孩子们显然知道“事实”，但是作者夫妇坚持那是一扇窗的说法最终还是阻止了孩子们想要出去的念头。故选D。45.A.考察副词辨析。根据语境选连接副词merely只不过， its 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.我在忽悠孩子们，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选A。46.D. 考察名词辨析。属于语境题。根据millions of requests to open the door可知孩子们是试图打开门。故选D。47.

69、C.考察动词词组辨析。属于语境题。One day theyll 47 and discover that everything theyve always known about windows is a 48 .可知总有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。故选C。48.B.考察名词辨析。属于语境题。上文一直在叙述作者夫妇向孩子们撒谎，而终有一天孩子们会发现父母关于“门”的说法是一个“谎言”。故选B。49.A.考察名词辨析。属于语境题。本文从头到尾都在讲述“父母”是否应对孩子撒谎及其对孩子的影响。故选A。50.D.考察名词辨析。属于上下语境题.作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。故选D。51

70、.B.考察名词辨析。属于语境题.根据最后一段第一句 Maybe its an unreasonable fear 可知此空填fear。故选B。52.C.考察形容词辨析。语境题，I have a very strong _51_ that the lie were telling is doing _52_ damage to our children. 文章后面说到家长们的撒谎行为会使孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不决。由此可知，这就对孩子们的心灵造成了伤害。故选C。53.B.考察形容词辨析。文章后面说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会如何，就像某种机会，他们不是去打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，

71、想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会如何”。由此可知，窗户和门的比喻意义是特别重要的。故选B。54.A.考察名词辨析。文章最后一段中的 Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical 在现实生活中，无论他们遇到真实的还是比喻的门可知，此处指如果他们在以后的“生活”中遇到“比喻的门” 即机会时会时如何对待。55.D.考察短语辨析。根据上下文语境：A. by comparison with与相比；B. in addition to除之外；C. regardless of不管；D. instead of而不是

72、。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，只是观望，而不是把握住这次机会。故选D。56.B.考察动词词组辨析。A. get hold of抓住；B. stare at凝视；C. knock on敲击（门、窗）；D. make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是疑虑重重。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。57.A.考察形容词辨析。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，不敢肯定机会的真实性。故选A。58.C.考查名词短语词义辨析。A safety rule安全守则；B. comfort zone舒适带; C. bottom line底线；D. top secret绝密的。根

73、据I shouldnt lie to my kids.可知这是我的底线：决不能对孩子撒谎。故选C。59.D.考查动词词义辨析。当我告知孩子们真相时，我只好反复说：“不，咱们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。故选D。60.C.考查动词词义辨析。根据句意：然后，当孩子遇到生活中的其他它机遇时，或真实或比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们并欣然前往。故选C。Passage5（2018全国卷I）主题语境语篇类型文章词数核心词汇保建议265 partnerDuring my second year at the city college， I was told that the education

74、department was offering a “free” course， called Thinking Chess， for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because， after all， who doesnt want to 42 a few dollars? More than that， Id always wanted to learn chess. And， even if I werent 43 enough about free credits， news about our 44 was app

75、ealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster， which 45 I would be learning from one of the games 46 . I could hardly wait to 47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart， a former graduate returning to teach， and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction， he made it

76、 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class， among other criteria， we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and， 52 ， to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served me well be

77、yond the 54 .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley， Im still putting to use what he 55 me: “The absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation， process what your opponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move f

78、rom among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist. 41. A. put forwardB. jumped atC. tried outD. turned down42. A. wasteB. earnC. saveD. pay43. A. excitedB. worriedC. movedD. tired44. A. titleB. competitorC. textbookD. instructor 45. A. urgedB. demandedC. heldD.

79、meant46. A. fastestB. easiestC. bestD. rarest47. A. interviewB. meetC. challengeD. beat48. A. chanceB. qualificationC. honorD. job49. A. realB. perfectC. clearD. possible50. A. attendB. passC. skipD. observe51. A. addB. exposeC. applyD. compare52. A. eventuallyB. naturallyC. directlyD. normally53. A

80、. gameB. presentationC. courseD. experiment54. A. criterionB. classroomC. departmentD. situation55. A. taughtB. wroteC. questionedD. promised56. A. factB. stepC. mannerD. skill57. A. gradesB. decisionsC. impressionsD. comments58. A. analyzeB. describeC. rebuildD. control59. A. announceB. signalC. bl

81、ockD. evaluate60. A. roleB. desireC. concernD. behavior【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了我在大二学的免费课程下棋及它对我生活的指导意义。41.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接收这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。put forward提出； jumped at急于接收；tried out尝试；turned down拒绝。故选B。42.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接收这个课程，是因

82、为我想节省点钱。waste浪费；earn赚钱； save节省；pay付钱。故选C。43.A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的信息就足以吸引我。excited激动的；兴奋的；worried担心的；moved感动的；tired劳累的。故选A。44.D 【解析】考查名词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的消息就足以吸引我。title头衔；题目； competitor竞赛者；textbook教科书； instructor导师。故选D。45.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。Urged督促 ；d

83、emanded要求； held握住； meant意味着。故选D。46.C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。Fastest最快的；easiest最早的；best最好的；rarest最稀少的。故选C。47.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我迫不及待地想见到他。Interview面试； meet见面； challenge挑战；beat击败。故选B。48.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。一位先前的毕业生回校教书，这项工作对他来说根本不是游戏。Chance机会；qualification合格；honor荣誉；job工作。故选D。49.C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。在他的介绍

84、中，他明确指出这些学分不容易得到。Real真实的；perfect完美的； clear清楚的； possible可能的。故选C。50.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。为了通过考试，我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的东西应用于未来的职业中。Attend参加；pass通过； skip跳跃； observe遵守。故选B。51.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的知识应用于未来的职业中。apply把运用于52.A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。最终，把我们在课堂里学的知识应用到我们的生活中。eventually最终；naturally自然地； directly直接地；nor

85、mally正常地。故选A。53.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。我设法在这个课程中获得了个A。game游戏；presentation介绍；陈述；course课程；experiment实验。故选C。54. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活课程。Criterion标准；classroom教室；department部门；系； situation情况。故选B。55.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。和Ashley学了象棋课程之后10年里，我仍在应用他教我的东西。Taught教；wrote写；questioned提问；promised承诺。故选A。56.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。你

86、在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。Fact事实；step步；manner方式；skill技能。故选D。57.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。Grades等级；decisions决定；impressions印象；comments评论。故选B。58.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。每一步你都必须分析形势，审视对手要做什么。Analyze分析；describe描述；rebuild重建；control控制。故选A。59.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。从你所有的选择中，评估出最好的一步。Announce宣布；signal发信号；

87、block阻塞；evaluate评估。故选D。60.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。现在这些话对我作为一名新闻记者的角色来说仍然是正确的。Passage6（2018浙江卷）We have all heard how time is more valuable than money， but is it 36 to have too much?I 37 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 38 a team sport. By the time I got home， I only had a few

88、hours to do my homework， and I had to do it _39_When I got into college， things _40 . I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this _41_ there was no sense of _42_ to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became 43 .Once th

89、at happened， I just kept 44 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was 45 really late at night to get my work alone.One day I 46 a former classmate of mine who was 47 a lot of money running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was 48 ，I asked him why he just

90、didnt do his sideline full-time. He said without the job， he would 49 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50 .He said that if he 51 the job， he would lose his 52 to work and succeed.So， try 53 your time with other work. This is why there is a 54 that if you want something done， a

91、sk a 55 person to do it.36. A. true B. fairC. strangeD. possible37. A. remember B. admitC. understandD. expect38. A. watched B. loved.C. coached D. played 39.A. at lastB. right away C. of course D. mattered40.A. happenedB. repeated C. changed D. mattered41.A. extra B .difficult.C. valuableD. limited

92、42.A. duty B. achievementC .urgency D. direction 43.A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling45. A. hanging out B. staying upC. jogging roundD. showing off46. A. met B. helpedC. treatedD. hired47. A. raisingB. wastingC. demandingD. making48. A. safeB. importa

93、nt C. boring D. rewarding49.A. luckily B. hardlyC. hopefully D. simply50.A. childhoodB. collegeC. town D. business51.A. quitB. foundC. accepted D. kept52. A. heartB. chanceC. drive D. way53.A. savingB. filling upC. giving up D. trading54. A. messageB. storyC. saying D. fact55. A. careful B. busyC. r

94、eliable D. kind【文章大意】作者通过亲身经历告诉我们：拥有太多时间就会拖延做事情，时间紧迫反而能合理安排时间把事情做好。36.D 【解析】考查形容词。A. true真实的；B. fair公平的；C. strange奇怪的；D. possible可能的。句意：我们都听说过时间比金钱更有价值，但是拥有的时间太多可能会把事情做好吗?表示“可能的”，表示作者的疑问，故选D。37.A 【解析】考查动词。A. remember记得；B. admit承认；C. understand理解；D. expect期望。此处表示回忆起高中时自己的生活，表示“回忆起”是remember back，故选A。

95、38.D 【解析】考查动词。A. watched观察；B. loved热爱；C. coached训练；D. played玩。此处指自从我进行团体体育锻炼后多数时间在学校，表示“进行体育锻炼”是play sport，故选D。39.B 【解析】考查固定短语。A.at last最后；B. right away立刻，马上；C. of course当然；D. mattered因为在校时间多，在家做作业的时间就少了，所以在家时必须马上写作业。下文do my school work immediately给了提示，故选B。40.C 【解析】考查动词。A. happened发生；B. repeated重复；C

96、. changed改变；D. mattered要紧。大学生活和高中生活不一样，所以说发生了改变。根据常识选C。41.A 【解析】考查形容词。A. extra额外的；B .difficult.困难的；C. valuable有价值的；D. limited有限的。此处指大学里有许多额外的时间，故选A。42.C 【解析】考查名词。A. duty责任；B. achievement成就；C .urgency紧急；D. direction方向。大学里没有马上做作业的紧迫感，与高中时抓紧时间做作业形成对比，故选C。43.D 【解析】考查名词。A. burden负担；B. relief救济；C. risk冒险；

97、D. habit习惯。由于不急着写作业，所以后来就形成了等的习惯。故选D。44.A 【解析】考查动词。A. pushing推；B. taking拿；C. setting放置；D. calling呼唤。与上文的waiting呼应，指形成等的习惯后，我就不断地把学习往后推，越推越远。根据常识也可知答案，故选A。45.B 【解析】考查动词短语。A. hanging out挂出，常去某处；B. staying up熬夜；C. jogging round慢跑；D. showing off炫耀。根据late at night可知是熬夜，此处指作业等到最后熬夜完成，故选B。46.A 【解析】考查动词。A.

98、met遇见；B. helped帮助；C. treated治疗；D. hired雇用。此处指遇到了以前的同学，根据句意选A。47.D 【解析】考查动词。A. raising举起；B. wasting浪费；C. demanding要求；D. making获得。此处指经营副业挣了许多钱，“挣钱”是make money，故选D。48.C 【解析】考查形容词。A. safe安全的；B. important重要的；C. boring无聊的；D. rewarding有益的。因为他的常规工作是无聊的，所以作者建议他把副业作为全职工作。故选C。49.D 【解析】考查副词。A. luckily幸运地；B. har

99、dly几乎不；C. hopefully有希望地；D. simply简单地。朋友说如果没有这个工作，很简单他就会有太多无聊的时间。根据句意可知选D。50.B 【解析】考查名词。A. childhood童年时期；B. college大学；C. town城镇；D. business商业。他就会像我大学时一样因为有太多的时间而不忙着做事，与上文内容呼应，故选B。51.A 【解析】考查动词。A. quit放弃；B. found发现；C. accepted接受；D. kept保持。如果他放弃工作，就会失去工作和成功的动力。与作者的建议呼应，故选A。52.C 【解析】考查名词。A. heart心脏；B. c

100、hance机会；C. drive驱动力；D. way方法。此处指如果他放弃工作，就失去了紧迫感，就会失去工作和成功的动力。表示“动力”，故选C。53.B 【解析】考查动词。A. saving节约；B. filling up装满；C. giving up放弃；D. trading交易。句意：试着用其他工作装满你的时间，使自己忙起来。故选B。54.C 【解析】考查名词。A. message消息；B. story故事；C. saying谚语；D. fact事实。此处指if you want something done， ask a 55 person to do it.这句谚语，故选C。55.B

101、【解析】考查形容词。A. careful小心的；B. busy忙碌的；C. reliable可靠的；D. kind善良的。此处指如果你想做某事，请忙碌的人去做。忙碌的人会抓紧时间完成，不忙的人只会拖延时间。故选B。Passage7（2021年新高考I卷）My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.My best friend Betsys father was a manager at Hough

102、Bakeries, which, at Easter time,（41） little bunny（兔子）cakes for all its （42） throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for （43） help during our spring break, for which I had no（44） beyond listening to my favorite records. Id （45） minimum wage. Id see how a factory（46

103、） . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsys dad with their （47） .Our（48） in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing（糖霜）ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. （49） bunny from the belt. This was （50） than it sounds. （51） a bit and the cakes pile up. As I

104、told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than Id （52） .Dad（53） . The son of a grocer, hed spent the summers of his childhood（54） food in Bernardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you（55） the dollars you earned and respect those who did t

105、he work, he told me.41. A. soldB. orderedC. madeD. reserved42. A. storesB. familiesC. schoolsD. citizens43. A. generousB. financialC. technicalD. temporary44. A. plansB. problemsC. excusesD. hobbies45. A. offerB. earnC. setD. suggest46. A. workedB. closedC. developedD. survived47. A. ambitionB. perm

106、issionC. experienceD. invitation48. A. joysB. ideasC. rolesD. choices49. A. SaveB. KeepC. StopD. Remove50. A. harderB. betterC. longerD. cheaper51. A. Calm downB. Slow downC. Stay onD. Move on52. A. indicatedB. witnessedC. expectedD. remembered53. A. criedB. smiledC. hesitatedD. refused54. A. tastin

107、gB. findingC. sharingD. delivering55. A. withdrawB. donateC. receiveD. appreciate【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D【解析】41. C【解答】根据文中的little bunnycakes for all its throughout Cleveland. 可知,我最好的朋友为Cleveland城中所有的商店制作了兔子蛋糕。sold卖,出售；ordered订购,命令；

108、made制作；reserved保留,预订。42. A【解答】根据下文中的throughout Cleveland可知,找遍了Cleveland城中的所有的商店。stores商店；families家人；schools学校；citizens市民。43. D【解答】根据首段的for three whole days和后面的our spring break. 可知,烘焙长需要八个孩子的临时帮助。generous大方的；financial财政的,经济的；technical技术的；temporary暂时的。44. A【解答】根据文中的had no beyond listening to my favori

109、te records. 可知,作者除了听最喜欢的唱片以外,没有任何计划。plans计划；problems问题；excuses借口；hobbies爱好。45. B【解答】根据下文中的minimum wage. 可知,作者会挣到极少的工资。offer提供；earn挣得；set设置；suggest建议。46. A【解答】根据下段,作者对流水线的介绍可知,作者将会看到一家工厂是如何运转的。worked运转,工作；closed关闭；developed发展；survived生存,存活。47. B【解答】根据文中的My parents thought all of this was a grand idea

110、 可知,作者的父母认为这是一个很好的想法,然后在他们给贝琪的爸爸打了电话,表示允许此事。ambition野心,雄心；permission允许,许可；experience经历,经验；invitation邀请。48. C【解答】根据下文中的in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt. 可知,在工厂中作者扮演的职责很简单,把蛋糕放在传送带上。joys开心,快乐；ideas主意；roles角色；choices选择。49. D【解答】根据上文中的Place cakes on a moving belt. 可知,此处是把成型的兔子蛋糕从皮

111、带上移走。save节约,拯救；keep保持；stop停止；remove移除。50. A【解答】根据下文中的than it sounds. 可知,这个操作起来比听起来要难。harder更难；better更好；longer更长；cheaper更便宜。51. B【解答】根据下文中的and the cakes pile up. 可知,一旦动作减速一点点,蛋糕就会堆积起来了。calm down冷静；slow down减速；stay on继续留下；move on继续前进。52. C【解答】根据上文中的This was harder than it sounds.可知,作者在看完蛋糕的整个制作过程后觉得动手

112、操作起来比听起来要难,从而作者才最终说比预想中的压力要多一点点。indicated显示；witnessed目睹；expected期待；remembered记住。53. B【解答】根据下文中的The son of a grocer, hed spent the summers of his childhood. 可知,此处指父亲听了作者的抱怨后笑了。cried哭；smiled微笑；hesitated犹豫；refused拒绝。54. D【解答】根据下文中的The son of a grocer可知,作者的父亲作为一个食品杂货商的儿子,他都是在新泽西州的伯纳兹维尔送货来渡过儿时的夏天。tasting品尝,尝起来；finding找到；sharing分享；delivering运送,传送。55. D【解答】根据下文语境可知,作者的父亲告诉他,正是这种工作让自己赚到了钱,并尊重那些做这项工作的人。withdraw提取；donate捐赠；receive接收,收到；appreciate欣赏。