专题26 政治、历史时间及文化渊源和文化遗产-2024年高考英语一轮复习主题词汇.docx

1、话题二十六 政治、历史时间及文化渊源和文化遗产第一部分 话题词汇积累单词&短语1.property n._2.ruins n._3.prospect n._4.prosperity n._5. primitive adj._6.protein n._7.psychologist n._8.publication n._9.publicity n._10.pulse n._11.punctuation n._12.purchase v./n._13. pursue v./n._14.qualification n._15.questionnaire n._16.quotation n._17.

2、radiation n._18.ratio n._19.raw adj._20.recall v._21.receipt n._22.reception n._23.recipe n._24.rectangle n._25.recreation n._26.referee n._27.reference n._28.reflection n._29. refund n._30.region n._31.survive v._32._n.建议；提议；提案；求婚33._v./n.抗议；反对；申明34._adj.准时的；守时的；按时的35._adj.感到困惑的_adj.令人困惑的36._adj.有资

3、格的；称职的；合格的；有保留的37._v.争吵；吵架n.口角；争吵38._n.数量数额；数目；大量；众多39._n.质量；特性；素质；优质40._adj.种族的；人种的；种族之间的41._n.痊愈；复苏；恢复；收回；重新获得42._n.现实；事实adj._现实的；实际的；明智的；逼真的adj._不现实的；不切实际的；空想的43._adj.合理的，公道的；明智的；过得去的_adv.合理地；适度地；明智地；尚可_adj.不合理的；荒唐的；非明智的；不当的44._v.认出，辨认出_n.认出，辨认出45._v.再循环；回收利用；重新使用46._v.使振作精神；重新斟满；刷新47.对感到自豪_48.当众

4、，公开地_49.汽车靠边停下_列车进站_50.故意地，有意地_51.把放在一边_52.提出_53.推迟_54.put out the fire_55. put up with_56.out of question_57.out of the question_58.插队_59.辞职/辍学_60.or rather_61.cultural relics_62._属于63._追溯到64.有的历史_65.保护免受_66.the past civilization_67.one of the wonders_68.historic relics_69.tourist attraction_70.out

5、standing folk arts_词汇拓展1.recognize v.认识；认出；辨别出；承认；意识到；(正式)认可，接受，赞成【搭配】recognize. by/from.由认出recognize.as.承认是；认作They_this man without difficulty.他们毫不费力地认出了这个人。She_the tune at once.她马上听出了这支曲子。They dont_the new government.他们不承认这个新政府。The film is now_as a classic.如今，这部电影被公认为是一部经典影片。【联想】 recognition n.认识，

6、认出；承认2.put aside把放在一边；搁置；把留待以后使用；抛开，忘记，忽视，搁置(感情或争执)He had_a lot of money for retirement.他已经为退休存了一笔数目相当可观的钱了。She took up a slice of bread,broke it nervously,then_it_.她拿起一片面包，焦虑不安地把它掰碎，又放在一边。We should_our differences and discuss the things we have in common.我们应当抛开分歧，讨论一下我们的共同点。【联想】 put up举起，挂起；搭建put s

7、b.up为某人安排住宿put on穿上，戴上；上演put away把放好put off推迟，拖延put down把放下，记下；平息put out扑灭：伸出put into把放进;把译成put ones heart into全神贯注于put an end to结束put back拨回(时钟);推迟；阻碍put up with容忍活学活用一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.If you have not kept a pet parrot before,it would be wise_(purchase)a handbook on the subject.

8、2.The library is unique and its break-up would be_sad reflection on the value we place on our heritage.3.As she turned back she caught the_(puzzle)look on her mothers face.4.Teachers_(qualify)to teach in England are not accepted in Scotland and vice versa.5.Teachers can only be expected to do what i

9、s_(reason)and practicable.二、翻译句子1.约翰被公认为是全校最好的足球运动员。(recognize)_2.我为自己能在别人有困难时帮助他人而自豪。(pride)_3.到目前为止学生们已经提出了一系列问题。(put forward)_4.我要是你的话，我会毫不犹豫地接受挑战。(out of question)_参考答案单词&短语1.财产；所有权 2.废墟 3.前途，前景 4.成功，繁荣5.原始的 6.蛋白质 7.心理学家 8.出版物 9.关注，宣传 10.脉搏 11.标点符号 12.购买 13.追求14.资格，资格证书 15.问卷调查 16.引语 17.放射，辐射 18

10、.比例；比率 19.未加工的；生的 20.回忆；召回 21.收据，收条 22.接待；招待会 23.处方；秘诀；食谱 24.长方形 25.消遣，娱乐 26.裁判员 27.提及；参考 28.映像；反射；思考 29.退款 30.地区；范围31.幸存 32.proposal 33.protest 34.punctual35.puzzled;puzzling 36.qualified 37.quarrel 38.quantity 39.quality 40. racial 41. recovery 42. reality;realistic;unrealistic 43. reasonable;reas

11、onably;unreasonable44.recognize(s)e;recognition 45.recycle 46.refresh47.be proud of/take pride in 48.in public 49.pull over;pull in 50.on purpose 51.put aside 52.put forward53.put off 54.灭火 55.忍受 56.毫无疑问 57.不可能；办不到；无法接受 58.jump a queue 59.quit a job/quit school 60.更确切地说 61.文化遗产 62.belong to63.date b

12、ack to/from64. have a history of 65. protect.from. 66.过去的文明 67.奇迹之一 68.历史遗产 69.旅游胜地 70.优秀民间艺术词汇拓展1.recognized; recognized;recognize;recognized2.put aside;put,aside;put aside活学活用一、1.to purchase 2.a 3.puzzled 4.qualified 5.reasonable二、1.John is recognized as the best footballer in the school.2.I take

13、pride in helping others when they are in trouble.3.The students have put forward a series of questions so far.4.If I were you I would out of question accept the challenge without the least hesitation.第二部分 话题阅读训练（A）阅读理解Invented in the Tang Dynasty and widely adopted after the Song Dynasty in Fujian,

14、the watertight-bulkhead (水密舱壁) technology permits the construction of ocean-going ships with watertight compartments (隔层). If one or two cabins are accidentally damaged at sea, water will not flood the other cabins and the ships will remain afloat.The experience and working methods of watertight-bul

15、khead technology are transmitted orally from master to apprentices. However, the need for Chinese junks (中国式帆船) has decreased sharply as wooden ships have been replaced by steel-hulled ships, and today only three masters can claim full command of this technology. Associated building costs have also

16、increased owing to a shortage in raw materials. Therefore, the inheritance (继承) of this heritage is decreasing, and inheritors are forced to seek alternative employment.Zhang Guohui, a 77-year-old inheritor of the watertight-bulkhead techniques used to make Chinese junks, has been making ships for m

17、ore than six decades. Coming from a poor family in a fishing town in East Chinas Fujian Province, Zhang started to make a living at the age of 16 fishing on the open seas, which is where he developed a keen interest in constructing boats. As a fast learner, Zhang was later sent to shipyards in the c

18、ities of Quanzhou and Xiamen in Fujian Province, where he received training and became a master of traditional Chinese junks and gained fame because of his extremely skilled craftsmanship in the construction of these junks. In fear that the traditional skills would die someday, Zhang started to rest

19、ore old ships and make model junks for the museum with his 20 years of shipbuilding skills. “The restored ancient ships are the historical witnesses of Quanzhou as a maritime center of the East and Southeast Asia trade network,” said Zhang, adding that he finds the work meaningful since younger gene

20、rations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships that their ancestors had advanced shipbuilding technology at an early stage of development. “As long as Im alive, Ill keep passing on the heritage,” he said.1What function is expected of the watertight-bulkhead technology?ATo prevent ships from sin

21、king.BTo reduce the weight of ships.CTo allow ships to sail faster.DTo help ships resist strong winds.2Which of the following is the purpose of paragraph 2?ATo prove the significance of steel-hulled ships.”BTo stress the complex process of building wooden ships.CTo present peoples efforts to pass do

22、wn cultural heritages.DTo show difficulties of inheriting watertight-bulkhead technology.3What can we learn about Zhang Guohui from paragraph 3?AHe supports his family by fishing.BHe was born with a talent for shipbuilding.CHe has devoted himself to constructing boats.DHe has won many awards for res

23、toring ancient ships.4What does Zhang Guohui convey in his words?ATraditional culture should be innovated with the times.BThe ancient ship trade originated from Quanzhou in China.CIt is necessary for modern students to learn shipbuilding skills.DIt is worth passing on traditional skills from generat

24、ion to generation.1A 2D 3C 4D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发明于唐代，宋代以后在福建被广泛采用的水密舱壁技术，现在随着木船被钢铁船所取代，今天只有三位大师可以完全掌握这项技术，几近失传，这是宝贵的中国非物质文化遗产。并介绍了一位致力于该项技术推广与宣传的传承人张国辉老人。1细节理解题。根据第一段“If one or two cabins are accidentally damaged at sea, water will not flood the other cabins and the ships will remain a float. (如果一两个舱

25、室在海上意外损坏，水不会淹没其他舱室，船只将保持漂浮)”可知，水密舱壁技术可以在船只部分受损的情况下，仍可以继续保持漂浮不下沉。故选A项。2推理判断题。根据第二段内容“The experience and working methods of watertight-bulkhead technology are transmitted orally from master to apprentices. However, the need for Chinese junks(中国式帆船) has decreased sharply as wooden ships have been repla

26、ced by steel-hulled ships, and today only three masters can claim full command of this technology. Associated building costs have also increased owing to a shortage in raw materials. Therefore, the inheritance(继承) of this heritage is decreasing, and inheritors are forced to seek alternative employme

27、nt. (水密舱壁技术的经验和工作方法由师傅口头传授给徒弟。然而，随着木船被钢壳船所取代，对中国舢板的需求急剧减少，今天只有三位大师可以声称完全掌握这项技术。由于原材料短缺，相关的建筑费用也增加了。因此，这一遗产的继承性正在减少，继承者被迫寻找替代工作)”可知，本段在讲述当今时代传承这项技术的种种困难。故选D项。3推理判断题。根据第三段首“Zhang Guohui, a 77-year-old inheritor of the watertight-bulkhead techniques used to make Chinese junks, has been making ships for

28、 more than six decades. (继承了制造中国帆船的防水舱壁技术的77岁老人张国辉，已经有60多年的造船经验)”可知，张国辉老人一生都致力于造船事业。故选C项。4推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The restored ancient ships are the historical witnesses of Quanzhou as a maritime center of the East and Southeast Asia trade network, said Zhang, adding that he finds the work meaningful since yo

29、unger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships that their ancestors had advanced shipbuilding technology at an early stage of development. (张国辉说：这些被修复的古船是泉州作为东亚和东南亚贸易网络海上中心的历史见证。他又补充说他认为这项工作很有意义，因为年轻一代可以从古船展览中了解到他们的祖先在早期发展阶段拥有先进的造船技术)”可知，老人说这些话表明他认为致力于代代传承这一传统技艺是有意义的，是值得的。故选D项。（B）语法填空

30、The 53-year-old craftswoman Ji Yulan, an inheritor of the intangible heritage of paper-cutting from the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, _11_(engage) herself in the art for over 40 years. She made paper-cuts of people from other _12_ (walk) of life. “The paper-cutting art comes from the folk and it

31、 should return to the people,” Ji said. She created _13_ paper-cutting work named The Angel in Harms Way to show the image of a nurse who has her long hair back after cutting it to better fit into the protective suit while fighting in the front line against the epidemic. Ji was _14_ (deep) impressed

32、 by the female medical workers _15_ (wear) masks and protective hats. “Women are _16_ (charm) in long hair and it takes a lot of courage to cut it, ” she said. Ji has 12 students, _17_ (age) from 3 to 23. “They discovered their interest in paper-cutting and came to me_18_ (learn) it,” she said, addi

33、ng that she often encourages her students to create works based _19_ reality. “Younger generations have a real sense of cultural heritage, and thats _20_ I am incredibly optimistic about the future of the craft. ”11has engaged/has been engaging 12walks 13a 14deeply 15wearing 16charming 17aged 18to l

34、earn 19on 20why【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了现年五十三岁的姬玉兰继承了新疆维吾尔自治区的非物质文化遗产，从事剪纸艺术已逾四十年。11考查时态。句意：现年五十三岁的姬玉兰继承了新疆维吾尔自治区的非物质文化遗产，从事剪纸艺术已逾四十年。此处在句中作谓语，由for over 40 years和句意可知，句子既可以用现在完成时，表示从过去到现在一直从事剪纸艺术，也可以用现在完成进行时，表示从事剪纸艺术从过去开始，一直持续到现在，有可能继续持续下去，强调动作的持续性，主语是Ji Yulan，助动词应用has，故填has engaged/has been engaging。12考查

35、名词的数。句意：她给不同阶层的人剪纸。walk of life意为“阶层”，由other可知，walk应用复数，故填walks。13考查冠词。句意：她创作了一幅剪纸作品，名为伤害之路上的天使 ，展示了一个护士的形象，这个护士剪完长发后，把头发向后梳，以便更好地穿上防护服，同时在抗击疫情的第一线作战。此处表示“一幅剪纸作品”，应用不定冠词来修饰，表示泛指，且paper-cutting发音以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。14考查副词。句意：姬对戴着口罩和防护帽的女医护人员印象深刻。此处应用副词deeply修饰谓语was impressed，故填deeply。15考查现在分词。句意：姬对戴着口罩和防

36、护帽的女医护人员印象深刻。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰workers，且动词wear和workers是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填wearing。16考查形容词。句意：“留长发的女人很迷人，剪短头发需要很大的勇气，”她说。此处应用形容词charming作表语，表示“迷人的”，故填charming。17考查形容词。句意：姬有12名学生，年龄从3岁到23岁不等。此处应用形容词aged，连同后面from 3 to 23，一起作后置定语，修饰12 students，表示“岁数为的”，故填aged。18考查非谓语动词。句意：她说：“他们发现自己对剪纸感兴趣，就来找我学习。”她还说，她经常鼓励学生根据现实创作作品。此处应用不定式表示目的，作状语，故填to learn。19考查介词。句意：“他们发现自己对剪纸感兴趣，就来找我学习。”她还说，她经常鼓励学生根据现实创作作品。(be) based on固定搭配，意为“根据.；以为基础”，故填on。20考查表语从句。句意：年轻一代有真正的文化遗产感，这就是为什么我对手工艺的未来非常乐观。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，应用why来引导，故填why。