人教版初三（上）英语第10讲：UNIT 5 语法篇（教师版）.docx

1、Unit 5语法篇_熟练掌握本模块的被动语态。一、被动语态（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例

2、说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：amisarespoken 一般过去时：waswerespoken一般将来时：willshall bespoken 现在进行时：amisare beingspoken过去进行时：was/were beingspoken现在完成时：havehas beenspoken（三）被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。 （2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：This book was written by him.

3、这本书是他写的。 Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be过去分词） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. Th

4、e bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree. A tree was cut down by him.（五）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词be过去分词”构成We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.（六）特殊情况1.He made the boy work for two h

5、ours yesterday.The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now. （1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now. （2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.1. silk in Suzhou？A.Is；produced B. Are；producedC. Does；produce D.

6、 Do；produce2.（2019广东佛山中考）I dont understand why more girls to do housework than boys in todays society.A. askedB. were askedC. are askedD. ask3.The river after the heavy rain.A. has been raised B. has been risenC. has raised D. has risen4.The T-shirt feels soft.Yes. It cotton.A. is made of B. is made

7、 in C. is made by D. is made into5. how busy he is，he is always ready to help others.A. Pay attention to B. No matterC. According to D. Thanks to解析：1. 本题主语silk与动词produce之间存在被动关系，因此应用被动语态，排除C、D两项；silk作“丝绸”讲是不可数名词，因此谓语动词用单数，排除B项。故选A。2. 本题考查被动语态，女孩和做家务之间是被动关系，且时间为现如今，所以选C3. 由句意“大雨过后河水已上涨”可知D项符合题意。4. 由空

8、格后的cotton可推知应用is made of。空格所在句句意：它是棉制的5. B pay attention to意为“注意”；no matter意为“无论，不管”；according to意为“根据”；thanks to意为“多亏”。句意：不管他多忙，他总是乐意帮助别人。基础演练用所给词的适当形式填空。1. He told us that the model plane _ (make) in 1930. 2. When _the Great Wall_ (build)?3. Umbrellas are used for _(keep) rain off.4. Who _ they _

9、(make) by?5. The passage _(copy) just now.6. That mountain is _ (know) for its beauty.7. This bag is _ (make) of paper.8. These ships are _ (make) in China.9. _ (drink) tea is good for our health.10. Some flowers _ (send) to her every Friday. 答案： 1.was made 2.was built 3. keeping 4. were made; by 5.

10、 was copied 6.known 7. made 8. made 9. Drinking 10. are sent巩固提高单项选择。1.- Could you tell me who the toy_ by? -Sorry, I dont know.A. makes B. madeC. is made D. was made2. The light bulb gives people more time_ _ every day.3. A. to work and play B. work and play C. to work and playing D. working and pl

11、aying 3. _a new library _ in your school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; built D. Did; built4.The monkey was seen _ out of the tree.A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump5. Tea is produced _ many different areas .A. at B. in C. on D. to答案:CABDB单项选择。1.- Do you often clean your classroom

12、?- Yes. Our classroom_ every day.A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. is cleaning 2. - Mum, can I go to the zoo with Jack?- When your homework _ , you can.A. is done B. was doneC. does D. did3. Trees and flowers _ every year to make our country more beautiful.A. is plantedB. was plantedC. are planted

13、D. were planted4. The book Business the Speed of Thought _in 2019. A. writes B. is writtenC. wrote D. was written5.Anewhospital_inmytownnextyear.A.buildsB.builtC.isbuiltD.willbebuilt6.English_inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken7.ThisEnglishsong_bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.often

14、sangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung8. The paper, usually red, _ before it _.A. is folded; is cut B. folded; cut C. is folded; cut D. folds; is cut 9. The silk dress _ so smooth. Its made in China. A. smells B. tastes C. feels D. looks10. Could you tell me who the novel _?A. was written B. was wrote C. wa

15、s written by D. wrote 答案：CACDD DDACC二. 完形填空。先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Many people think that Americans1their cars almost more than anything else. When2_ people are fourteen years old, they want to have their _3cars. They dontaskfor a car from their4_. So many of them work in_5_tim

16、e during theirlastyear of high school tobuya car. Learning to6 _ and getting a drivers license may be one of the most exciting things in a young persons life.Some people almost7_ go to a doctor when they are ill. But they will _8_theircars to a garage as soon as theythinkthere is a9. On Saturdays or

17、 Sundays some peoplemay 10 mostof their time washing and repairing their cars.1. A. prefer B. love C. drive D.play2. A. little B. big C. old D. young3. A. new B. own C. expensive D. cheap4. A, friends B. teachers C. parents D. brothers5. A. free B. busy C. study D. good6. A. make B. mend C. wash D.

18、drive7. A. always B. never C. often D. usually8. A. take B.carry C. pull D.lift9. A. question B. wrong C. mistake D.problem10. A. cost B. get C. spend D. use答案：15. BDBCA610. DBABC_一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Its so interesting that most of the _ (produce) in the shops are made in China.2. English is _ (wide) u

19、sed all over the world. 版权所有3. _ (much) of the earths surface is covered by water. 4. Children _ (not allow) to run in the hallway at school. 5. The pen _ (use) for writing. 答案：1.products 2. widely 3. Most 4. arent allowed 5. is used二阅读理解。ASally: an animal doctorWhats the worst thing thats ever happ

20、ened in your job? Probably the dog that bit me. It wasnt a bigone- I dont mind the big ones. The small ones are the worst. It gave me a very nasty bite.Have you ever done any other jobs?Yes, I did different kinds of jobs when I was a student. One summer I did fruit-picking in Spain. Whats the worst

21、job youve ever done? In order to improve my English, I worked for a rich family in New York. I never had a day off and I had to do everything cooking, cleaning, shopping- and look after their horrible children. I left after two weeks and managed to get a job as a waitress in an Italian restaurant.Le

22、o: an actorWhats the worst thing thats ever happened in your job? So many bad things have happened-but I think my worst moment was when I read my first bad review in the newspaper. They wrote terrible things about me, and I was so upset. After that I didnt read my reviews any more.Have you ever done

23、 any other jobs? Oh yes, its hard to make a living as an actor. So Ive done lots of part-time jobs over the years. For example, Ive worked in a shop, sold ice cream at the beach and handed out publicity flyers in the street.Whats the worst job youve ever done? The worst job Ive ever done was at an e

24、gg-packing factory. Working conditions are terrible-you stand for hours at the end of a belt, putting eggs into boxes. You cant have a break, and if you want to go to the toilet, you have to ask for permission. And worst of all, the smell was terrible- Ive never eaten an egg since then.1. According

25、to the interview, we dont know whether the animal has worked in _.A. US. B. Spain C. Italy D. England2. How does Leo like the job in an egg- packing factory? A. It was hard. B. It was enjoyable. C. It was easy. D. It was terrible.3. Leo worked in the following places except.A. a rich family B. a sho

26、pC. the street D. an egg-packing factory4 .Which of the following statement about Sally and Leo is NOT right ? A. Sally was afraid of the small dogs.B. Sally worked for a rich family in New York for only 2 weeks.C. Leo worked at an egg-packing factory in order to learn English.D. Leo couldnt go to t

27、he toilet without permission in the egg-packing factory.5. What does the underlined word “upset” mean in Chinese?A. 高兴的 B. 惊讶的 C. 沮丧的 D. 兴奋的6. What do Leo and Sally have in common?A. They both have worked in several countries.B. They are both animal doctors.C. They both have never eaten eggs.D. They

28、 both have done different jobs and never give up.答案：DDACCDBThousands of years ago, the kings of Egypt built strong tombs for themselves. Over these tombs they built pyramids. They thought their bodies would be well kept in these tombs until they could come back to life. They also hoped the world wou

29、ld look on the pyramids as monuments to them and wouldremember them forever.There are about 80 pyramids in Egypt. But the Great Pyramid is the biggest of all. It is nearly 5, 000 years old. It is about 137 meters high today, but it was once higher. It is made of 2, 300, 000 huge stones. Most of them

30、 are higher than a man and weigh about two and a half tons each. Some weigh as much as fifteen tons. It took more than 100, 000 men twenty years to build the Great Pyramid. When you look at the pyramids, you cant help wondering how the Egyptians were able to build them thousands of years ago. How di

31、d they cut, carry and lift suchhuge stones? Each stone fits so well, yet they didnt have our modern machines! Scientists have studied the pyramids, but nobody can tell just how the Egyptians built them so long ago.Inside the pyramids are the rooms for the bodies of the kings and queens. There are lo

32、ts of wonderful treasures in the pyramids, too. Thieves have broken into some of the pyramids and taken away many of the treasures to foreign countries. They have even stolen the mummies. Today some of the mummies and treasures are on show in museums in different countries. When the kings had the py

33、ramids built for them, they perhaps never thought this would happen.1. Where did the kings built their tombs?A. Over the pyramids B. In thefieldsC. Under the pyramids D. On the monuments2. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. The kings thought their bodies would

34、 be well kept in these tomb. B. The kings hoped the world would look on the pyramids as monuments to them. C. The kings thought thieves would broken into the pyramids and taken away the reassures. D. The kings built strong tombs for themselves.3. The Egyptians built the pyramids with.A. no modern ma

35、chines B. modern machinesC. the kings D. sand and stones4. Scientists wonder that _.A. how long it took people to build the Great PyramidB. how the Egyptians built them so long agoC. how many huge stones the Great Pyramid is made ofD. what was inside the pyramids 5. Whats the best title of the passa

36、ge?A. The Great Pyramid in Egypt.B. How did the Egyptians built the pyramids.C. The tombs in Egypt.D. The pyramids in Egypt.答案：CCABD（2019年人教初三期中测试题）CIn 1834, the clock tower in London was burned down. People planned to build a new clock which would be the biggest and best in the world. So the clock

37、had to be big and keep very good time. The big clock was made in two years. Five more years later the tower was finished. Then people put the big clock in the tower, and made it ring out for the first time on July 11, 1859.In order to give the big clock a good name, people held a meeting. Someone wa

38、nted to call it the Queen of Bells, and someone thought Victoria was good. At last, a man named Benjamin Hall stood up. He was a big man. Before he started to speak, someone shouted, “Why not call it Big Ben ” Everybody laughed and agreed with him. From then on, Big Ben became its name. And it also

39、became a famous building of London. People all over the world write to Big Ben. They even send birthday presentsbottles of oil to help keep Big Ben running. Big Ben is not only a clock but also a dear friend of people.1. People held a meeting to_. A. build a new clock B. put the big clock in the tow

40、er C. give the big clock a good name D. made it ring out for the first time 2. How did Big Ben get its name? A. Benjamin Hall gave it the name. B. Big Ben got its name because of a joke. C. Big Ben got its name from the Queen of the UK D. Victoria gave it the name. 3. The underlined part“Keep very g

41、ood time”is closest in meaning to_ A. have a good time B. show people the correct time. C. keep running D. be made in time 4. Which of the following happened last? A. Big Ben was made. B. The new tower was finished. C. Big Ben became a famous building of London. D. Big Ben got its name. 5. From we can infer that Big Ben is _ in London. A. famous B. new C. big D. popular答案：CBBCD