人教版初二（下）英语：unit10语法篇（教师版）.docx

1、Unit 10 语法篇_学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。现在完成时for，since用法1. 表示在过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时,时间状语有：for (two years),since 1990, since (two weeks ago)和since引导的状语从句。如：I have been away from my hometown for thirty years.(我离开家乡有30年了)Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened.(自从这家工厂开张,王叔叔一直在

2、那儿工作)2. 口语中have got往往表示have(有)的意思。如：They have got thousands of books in their library.(他们图书馆有上万本书)3. have been to与have gone to的区别：have gone to(“已经去了”)表示人不在这里,have been to(“去过”)表示人在这里。如：-Where is Mr Li? He has gone to the UK.(李先生在哪里？他去了英国。) -Do you know something about Beijing? Yes, I have been to Be

3、ijing three times. (你知道北京的情况吗？是的,我去过那里三次。)4. 在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。具体变化见下表：瞬间性动词的完成时延续性动词或状态动词的完成时have(already)gone tohavebeen in / at for (two years)hascome tohasbeen heresince (1990)(had)left(had)been away fromarrivedbeen indiedbeen deadbegunbeen onendedbeen over

4、bought.hadborrowedkeptjoinedbeen in 或者使用下面这个句型：It is / has been + (多久)+ since + 主语(人)+谓语(过去时)+过去时间状语注意 在其它的时态中也存在类似问题,记住,关键是：瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。如：How long may I keep the book?(这本书我能借多久？)(句子中keep取代了borrow)1. They have been friends over ten years. A. sinceB. inC. forD. with解析：现在完成时中和一段时间连用的介词为for，故选C。

5、 2. - How long have you the bike?- For three years. A. borrowedB. lentC. boughtD. had 解析：在现在完成时中，和for，since连用的谓语应该是延续性动词而不是为点动词，故选D。3. He has lived here he was six years old. A. sinceB. forC. whenD. from解析：引导现在完成时的时间状语时，for+一段时间，since+时间点或句子，故选A。 4. Rose came to Beijing in 2019. She here for eight y

6、ears. A. was livingB. liveC. will liveD. has lived解析：因为是for引导一段时间，同时根据题意可知此题为一般现在时，故选D。 5. - did your brother leave home?- He for nearly half an hour. A. When; has leftB. When; has been away C. How long; has leftD. How long; has been away解析：在问句中因为leave是点动词，因此是问你弟弟什么时候离开家，故用when，第二个句子因为是和for引导的一段时间，故

7、为现在完成时，同时谓语应该为延续性动词，故选B。基础演练一、单项选择（共10小题；共10.0分） 1. - Weve lived here 2019.- So youve lived here about five years. A. since; forB. for; sinceC. for; forD. since; since 2. Miss Gao has taught us English two years. I have been here two years ago. A. since; forB. since; sinceC. for; sinceD. for; for 3.

8、 Joe, my close friend, moved to Beijing years ago, and I him since then. A. dont seeB. didnt seeC. havent seenD. wont see 4. The train here for ten minutes already. A. has beenB. has comeC. has stoppedD. has gone 5. The Smiths came to Shanghai in 2019. They there for three years since then. A. liveB

9、. livedC. have livedD. will live 6. I my hometown for a long time. I really miss it! A. leftB. went away from C. have leftD. have been away from 7. She this book for nearly three weeks. A. has borrowedB. has lentC. has boughtD. has kept 8. - How is your grandfather?- Oh, he for half a year.- I am so

10、rry to hear that. A. has diedB. diedC. has been deadD. dies 9. Sam Chinese since he came to China. He speaks Chinese well now. A. learnsB. learnedC. has learnedD. will learn10. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes. A. has begunB. had begunC. has been onD. began二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共5小题；共5.0分）11. - 你做了多长时间

11、的作业了?- 两个小时了。-How long you your homework?- two hours.12. 詹姆斯自从2019年就在北京做外教。James a foreign teacher in Beijing 2019.13. 这本书你已经借了一个星期了。请尽快还回来。You this book for a week. Please give it back as soon as possible.14. 从2019年开始，他就离开了家乡。He away from his hometown 2019.15. 他奶奶生病了, 已经住院一个月了。His grandmother in ho

12、spital for a month .答案一、单项选择 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. C10. C二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)11. have ; done ; For12. has been, since13. have kept14. has been;since15. has been ill巩固提高根据汉语意思翻译句子（每空一词）1. 我还没有完成作业。I _ _ my homework _.2. 上周我妈妈去美国了，到现在还没有回来。My mother _ to America last week, and she _ _

13、 back yet.3 你喂小狗了吗？ 喂了。我刚刚喂了它。 _ you _ the little dog? Yes, I _ it just now.4他已经看了两个小时的电视了。He _ _ _ TV for two hours.5他离开家乡三年了。_ _ _ three years _ he left hometown.6Susan两个月前离开了学校。Two months _ _ _ Susan left school.7我去过北京两次了。I _ _ _ Beijing twice.8 你读过小妇人吗？ 不，我还没有。 _ you _ Little Woman yet? No, _ _.

14、9你决定英语课要写的书了吗？_ you _ yet which book _ _ about for English class?10. 我选了金银岛，但是我还没有读完它。I chose Treasure Island, but I _ _ reading it _.havent finished; yetwent; hasnt comeHave; fed; fedhas already watchedIt has been; sincehas passed sincehave been toHave; read; I havent Have; decided; to writehavent

15、finished; yet一、用动词的正确形式填空1_ she _ (water) the flowers yet?2He _ (leave) the country and gone to India.3I have _ (be) here for three months.4I _ already _ (buy) a new car.5I _ (have) no news from him for a long time.二、 将下列句子改为现在完成时，每空一词6. He came back two hours ago.He _ _ back _ two hours.7She joined

16、 the music club last week.She _ _ _ the music club _ two weeks.8They came here in 2019.They _ _ here _ 2019.9. Jane borrowed the book last month.Jane _ _ the book _two months.10. Tom bought the car in 2009.Tom _ _ the car _ 2009.1. Has; watered 2. has left 3. been 4. have; bought 5. have had6. has b

17、een; for 7. has been in; for 8. have been; since 9. has kept; for 10. has had; since二、完型（171中学期中考试题）Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents. They say that their parents dont 1 them. They often think their parents are too strict with them, and they are never given a 2 hand. Pa

18、rents often find 3 difficult to win their childrens trust and they seem to forget how they themselves 4 when they were young. For example, young people like to do things without much thinking. Its one of their ways to 5 that they grow up and they can do with any difficult things. Older people worry

19、more easily. Most of them plan things ahead and dont like their plans to be changed. When you want your parents to let you do something, you will have better success 6 you ask before you really start doing it. Young people often make their parents angry by clothes they want, the music they enjoy and

20、 something else. But they 7 to cause any trouble. They just feel that in this way they can be cut off from the old peoples world and they want to make a new culture of their own. And if their parents dont like their music or clothes or their manner of speech, the young people feel very 8 . Sometimes

21、 you even dont want your parents to say “ 9 ” to what you do. You want to stay at home 10 and do what you like. If you plan to control your 11 , youd better win your parents over and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have high sense of responsibility, they will certainl

22、y give you the right to do 12 you want to do.1.A. rememberB. cook meals for C. understandD. know2.A. helpfulB. usefulC. freeD. strong3.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it4.A. thoughtB. wantedC. neededD. felt5.A. learnB. seeC. findD. show6.A. sinceB. ifC. becauseD. after7.A. dont meanB. meanC. dont likeD. like

23、8.A. lonelyB. unhappyC. interestingD. strange9.A. YesB. NoC. SorryD. Thats right10.A. aloneB. lonelyC. evenD. though11.A. lifeB. workC. studyD. health12.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whenCCDDD BABAA AB_二、单项选择31. - Hi, guys. Where are you heading now?- Home. We all our money, so we have to walk home now. A.

24、 spendB. spentC. have spentD. are spending32. - Is Jack at home?- No, he the bookshop. He there a few minutes ago. A. has gone to; wentB. has gone to; has been C. has been to; wentD. has been to; has gone33. It is noisy here I cant hear you clearly. A. very; becauseB. too; toC. very; thatD. so; that

25、34. it rained heavily, no one in our class was late for school. A. BecauseB. Even thoughC. As soon asD. Until35. Our head teacher often us English. A. encourage; to learnB. encourages; to learn C. encouraged; to learnD. encourages; learn36. Mr. Green his lessons when I went into his office. A. prepa

26、resB. preparedC. is preparingD. was preparing37. You look tired. You should be out for a walk working indoors. A. ahead ofB. instead ofC. in front ofD. instead38. - How long have you lived Shenzhen?- ten years. A. in; ForB. in; SinceC. at; ForD. on; Since39. You wont pass the exam you study hard. A.

27、 becauseB. ifC. unlessD. though40. If you want to succeed in this test, you should work hard. A. passB. to passC. passedD. passing41. - Have you finished your work , Jane?- Yes, Ive done it . A. already; yetB. yet; already C. yet; yetD. already; already42. - Could I go boating this weekend, Dad?- Ye

28、s, you . But you come back before lunch. A. could; mustB. can; mustC. could; shouldD. must; should43. I get an answer from him, Ill ring you up. A. WhenB. WhileC. As soon asD. Even though44. In the exam, the you are, the mistakes youll make. A. carefully; littleB. more carefully; fewest C. more care

29、ful; fewerD. more careful; less45. - Why didnt you enjoy the film?- It was film that I had ever seen. A. the most interestingB. the least interesting C. more interestingD. less interesting三、完形填空 Mobile phones are becoming more and more popular not only with grown-ups but also 46 students. Meanwhile,

30、 they also 47 a problem for middle schools in the past few years. Some children have got mobile phones as Christmas or birthday gifts, and more will 48 want them. Many like SMS(Short Message Service) because it is easy and 49 . Some parents felt happy because they could get in touch 50 their childre

31、n. Some teachers said mobile phone use was a distraction(分心的事) to students during school hours and it also gave them much 51 in their classrooms. Sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat(作弊) during exams. A new study found that some teenagers who send messages in class even hurt their fi

32、ngers because they cant 52 using SMS. Many teachers suggested that students should not have phones at school, 53 if there was a good reason, they could 54 their phones at school office. Many people think they understand 55 parents would want their children to have them, but they agree schools should

33、 let the students know when they can use their mobile phones.46.A. withB. ofC. forD. in47.A. becameB. had becomeC. have becomeD. becomes48.A. stillB. yetC. alreadyD. just49.A. importantB. quickC. boringD. relaxing50.A. againstB. onC. withD. to51.A. businessB. troubleC. informationD. problem52.A. sto

34、pB. keepC. continueD. decide53.A. andB. butC. thoughD. however54.A. missB. leaveC. lieD. take55.A. whetherB. becauseC. whyD. when四、阅读理解A Lots of people make it as their aim to get to the top of Mount Everest. Mark is one of them. The difference between Mark and other climbers is that he lost both hi

35、s legs when climbing New Zealands highest mountain, Mount Cook. He was caught in a big ice hole and he had to have his legs cut below the knees after he was saved. But that couldnt make Mark lose heart, who has become the first person with man-made legs to reach the top of Mount Everest. From the to

36、p of the worlds highest mountain, Mark called his wife to say he made it. His wife, Anne got the phone when she was sleeping. She couldnt hear him clearly on the phone. She was unable to say when he reached the top but thought it was around midday. She also said his legs didnt work well sometimes, s

37、o her husband was carrying a spare leg and repair tools. Mark used to be a mountain guide before his accident. He said it was not important that no one like him had ever reached the 8850-meter mountain. Im not doing this to be the first. I have been climbing most of my life and I just feel Mount Eve

38、rest is really a great aim. I want to send a message that I can do anything better.56. What was the difference between Mark and other climbers? A. He went mountain-climbing with his wife. B. He climbed mountains with man-made legs. C. He was the first to climb Mount Everest. D. He was the best guide

39、 of the world.57. Marks wife thought it was on Mount Everest when Mark reached its top. A. noonB. morningC. midnightD. evening58. Which of the following is the correct order in Marks story?a. Losing both of his legs.b. Working as a mountain guide.c. Falling into an ice hole on Mount Cook.d. Reaching

40、 the top of Mount Everest. A. c a b dB. c a d bC. b c a dD. b a c d59. Marks story makes us believe that he is a man. A. politeB. braveC. kindD. clever60. Mark told us that he cared much about . A. being the firstB. climbing higher C. keeping healthyD. being a guideB Just like any relationship, best

41、 friendships depend on trust, promise, respect and interests. When any of these elements(要素) is missing, the friendship will be hard to go on. If the trust is totally broken, you may not be able to forgive him/her. Sometimes a friendship ends because either you or your friend gets tired of putting t

42、he heart into it. This can happen when one of you finds a new friend or even a new hobby that takes up much time. Or, perhaps you find the relationship is always going in an unhealthy way and you want some distance. Other times, you simply change and want to leave each other. Sure, it seems sad at t

43、he time, but its completely normal. Not all friendships are meant to last forever. So, what should you do if something like this happens to you? Read on for some friendly advice. Whatever the reason youre breaking up with your best friend, always remember that he/she was once super important to you.

44、 Take the time to sit down privately and tell him/her whats going on and why. Dont send him/her an unpleasant e-mail or just start ignoring(不理睬) him/her. In fact, maybe he/she has known theres a problem and would be willing to have a heart-to-heart chat. If youre not sure about wanting an end foreve

45、r, you could suggest you two take a break from each other. If, after a while, you realize why you became the best friends in the beginning, you can try getting back to your former behaviors. Whatever you do, be honest about your feelings while having respect for his/hers. And if you both agree the B

46、FF thing is over, make sure not to be enemies.61. What is NOT the usual cause of ending a friendship? A. Getting tired of putting your heart into each other. B. Finding a new hobby that takes up much time. C. Realizing the relationship going in an unhealthy way. D. Living too far away from each othe

47、r.62. The underlined letters BFF probably means . A. 永远的朋友B. 永久的隔阂C. 终结的友谊D. 暂时的误解63. What can be the best title for this passage? A. Four Basic Elements of Friendship B. Friendly Advice on Reading C. What to Do with Friendship in Trouble? D. When to Be Friends or Enemies?64. What should you do when

48、 breaking up with your best friends? 1 Remember his or her once being important to you. 2 Try to have a heart-to-heart chat with him or her. 3 Be honest and respectful to each other. 4 Send an unpleasant e-mail and ignore him or her. 5 Suggest not getting along with each other for a while. A. 1234B.

49、 2345C. 1345D. 1235C Growing kids need sleep, as do people of all ages. Indeed, research shows that health and safety both suffer when we try to get by with too little shuteye. So its fortunate that our bodies do such a good job of warning us when its time to hit the sack. Like humans, other animals

50、 also take time out to rest. Youve probably seen a lion dozing at the zoo, or maybe watched our dog snooze away lying in its bed. In fact, sleep is a necessity for every animal thats ever been studied. How long animals sleep, though, varies widely. Elephants and giraffes sleep only about 2 to 4 hour

51、s a day, while bats may nod off for up to 20 hours. Ducks sleep together, and the birds on the edge of the group sleep with the outside eye open and half of their brain awakeprobably to keep watching while the other half of their brain snoozes. Some birds may even sleep while flying. The fact that a

52、ll animals make time for sleeping, even under very dangerous situations, suggests that sleep is very important. And indeed, some facts suggests that sleep is important for learning and forming permanent memories. But sleep may also be primarily a way for animals to save energy and stay out of harm.

53、This may help explain why meat-eating creatures sleep more than herbivores, which are animals that live only on plants. Herbivores, like cows and zebras, need to spend more time searching for and grazing on food than meat eaters do, such as lions and other big cats. So a big cat might be better off

54、sleeping for a while after it eats, rather than prowling around and risking injury. But thats just a guess. Scientists need to study other animals as well before they can fully understand the benefits(好处) of sleep and know which benefits are most important for a particular species(物种). One thing is

55、certain: enough sleep is important to health and learning. So give in when a strong wish to sleep hits, and catch plenty of ZZZs.65. The underlined phrase to hit the sack means . A. to eat somethingB. to drink something C. to get upD. to go to sleep66. From the last paragraph, we can infer . A. enou

56、gh sleep may improve your learning in class B. if you feel sleepy in class, you can fall asleep immediately C. you are easy to give in if you have plenty of sleep D. if you have a strong wish to sleep, you are perhaps ill67. Which of the following is Not True according to the passage? A. Different a

57、nimals sleep in different ways. B. Sleep may save energy and stay out of harm. C. Scientists have studied the benefits about sleep. D. Animals also need to have time to rest.68. The main idea of the passage is about . A. where animals find a place to sleep B. how animals sleep in the open air C. why

58、 animals need sleep D. when animals feel sleepy五、短文7选5 Jim was a bookseller(书商). He didnt like paying(付钱) for anything. One day, a big box of books fell on his foot. Go to see the doctor. said his wife. No. he said. 69. then Ill ask him about my foot. If I go to see him, Ill have to pay him. The nex

59、t day, 70. . When Jim was getting them ready, he told the doctor about his bad foot. The doctor checked it over. Yes. said the doctor, 71. . How much are the books? said the doctor. $2. answered Jim. Good. said the doctor. 72. . Why ? asked Jim in surprise. I told you about your foot. said the docto

60、r. 73. . Goodbye. A. you must put that foot in hot water every night B. I want $2 for that C. I shall not pay you anything D. Ill wait until the doctor comes to the shop next time E. the doctor came to the shop and bought some books六、阅读与表达(问答式) Today, roller skating is easy and fun. But a long time

61、ago, it wasnt easy at all. Before 1750, the idea of skating didnt exist. That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin. Merlins work was making musical instruments. In his spare time he liked to play the violin. Joseph Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams. People called him a dreamer. One day Me

62、rlin received an invitation to attend a fancy dress ball (化妆舞会). He was very pleased and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think how to make a grand entrance at the party. He had an idea. He thought he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room. M

63、erlin tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided to put two wheels under each shoe. These were the first roller skates. Merlin was very proud of his invention and dreamed of arriving at the party on wheels while playing the violin. On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the

64、 room playing his violin. Everyone was astonished to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no ways to stop his roller skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking into pieces. Nobody forgot Merlins grand entra

65、nce for a long time! 根据短文内容，完成下列小题。74. What was Joseph Merlin?75. Why did people think Merlin was a dreamer?76. What did Merlin want to do when he put wheels under his shoes?77. Did Merlin make a grand entrance at the party?78. What is the passage mainly about?七、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子) 79. 这件红色的衬衫是她的吗? this

66、red blouse her?80. 一方面这所房子太小，另一方面它离学校太远。On the one hand the house is too small. , it is too far from the school.81. 当他看到地上的垃圾时，他立刻把它捡起来。When he saw the rubbish on the ground, he at once.82. 彼得的爸爸过去常常开车去上班，但现在走着去上班。Peters dad work by car, but now he walks to work.83. 玛丽和同学们相处得很好。Mary her classmates.八

67、、作文84. 假设你是Bob，你现在在中国旅游，你已经去过北京，你写信给David，告诉他你在北京玩的很好，你看了京剧，吃了烤鸭，还照了很多照片，但是遗憾的是没有去爬长城，你希望有机会可以再去，并且询问David的假期情况。提示：用现在完成时来写，80词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear David, I am having a wonderful time in China. Ive done so many things! _Bye now,Bob.二、单项选择31. C32. A33. D34. B35. B36. D37. B38. A39. C40. D41. B42.

68、B43. C44. C45. B三、完形填空46. A47. C48. A49. B50. C51. B52. A53. B54. B55. C四、阅读理解56. B57. A58. C59. B60. B61. D62. A63. C64. D65. D66. A67. C68. C五、短文7选569. D70. E71. A72. C73. B六、阅读与表达(问答式)74. He was a worker.75. Because he was a man of ideas and dreams.76. He would get a lot of attention.77. Yes,he d

69、id.78. How the roller skating began/invented.七、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)79. Does, belong to80. On the other hand81. picked it up82. used to83. gets on/along well with八、作文84. Dear David, I am having a wonderful time in China. Ive done so many things! Ive been to Beijing. Ive enjoyed every minute of every day. A

70、nd Ive learnt a lot from the holiday in China. China is very beautiful. I like China. I have seen Beijing Opera and eaten Beijing Duck. Its delicious! Ive taken photos of stone animals. Theyre grand! Theres only one thing I havent done yet: Ive never climbed the Great Wall! What a pity! But I think I will come to China again, and when I come to China , I will climb the Great Wall! Where did you go on holiday? Tell me about your journey.Bye now,BOb