北京市通州区潞河中学2021届高三下学期5月三模英语试题 WORD版含答案.docx

1、北京市通州区潞河中学2021届高三三模英语试题英 语本试卷共4页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Fourth-grader, Sarah Haycox, made it her mission to right a wrong. And in doing so, she has shown the world what one 1 person, with

2、 passion, can do.One day, when walking by an athletic field near her school, Sarah noticed a small memorial with the name Edwin T. Pratt and the year 1930 - 1969 on it. She 2 who he was and what he did.After some 3 , she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had done many good things to 4 ot

3、hers. Sadly, he was 5 just because someone disagreed with what he was doing.Feeling that the small memorial was hardly big enough for a man who had so much 6 on others, Sarah 7 to do something!There was a new 8 going up nearby for young kids. She found out who were in charge of the building project

4、and asked them if it could be named after Mr. Pratt. Through great efforts, her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death, Edwin Pratts life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school.Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was.

5、 But Sarah had the 9 to learn more, the vision to imagine something better and the courage to pursue her idea. Her amazing actions have 10 many other young people around the world.1AhonestBshyCcleverDyoung2AforgotBrealizedCwonderedDexplained3AdiscussionBresearchCpracticeDthought4AteachBrescueChelpDr

6、epay5AkilledBpunishedCblamedDarrested6AimpactBimpressionCreflectionDdependence7AstoppedBdecidedChappenedDannounced8AlibraryBtheatreCschoolDhospital9AcuriosityBconfidenceCchanceDenergy10AastonishedBprotectedCattractedDinspired 第二节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空

7、白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AThe carrier rocket sent a Shenzhou-ll spacecraft（航天器）with astronauts Chen Dong and Jing Haipeng into space. The rocket was fired 11 the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the Gobi desert. After two days in Earths orbit, the spacecraft was to link up with Chinas space laboratory, 12

8、 (know) as the Tiankong-2, 13 name means “Heavenly Palace 2. The lab 14 (place)into orbit last month.BThere was a farmer who always sold a pound of butter to a baker. One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see if he was getting a pound and found that he was not. This angered him, so he too

9、k the farmer to court. The judge asked the farmer 15 he had a 16 (measure) tool. The farmer replied, “I have a pair of scale. I have been buying a pound of bread from him. When the baker 17 (bring) me the bread, I always put it on my scale and give him the same weight of butter.”CThe year 2018 marks

10、 the 40th anniversary of Chinas reform and opening-up. The past four decades has seen China shift its society from a farmers community to a digital culture 18 (successful). Under the leadership of CPC, many 19 (achievement) can be seen in every field. The life of the Chinese people has improved, wit

11、h millions of people being lifted out of poverty. The country now has the worlds 20 (large) high-speed rail network. And with around 800 million Internet users, China has become the worlds fastest-growing online shopping market.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，

12、并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AAdult Education CoursesComputer StudiesTechnology is advancing at a rapid pace, and we rely more and more on computers for everything from cooking to organizing our taxes. This six-week course will give you an understanding of computer fundamentals, including the use of software package

13、s (Word, Excel and PowerPoint) and how to use the Internet.Start: May 2,2019Time: Wed 7 pm-9pmCost:$300Length:6 weeksPlace: Sydney CollegeWoodworkLearn the basics of woodworking with simple hands-on projects to build your confidence and skills. Each lesson explores a different area of woodworking th

14、at will provide you with the skills needed for any woodworking project. Flexible learning allows you to choose only the lessons that interest you.Start: April 15,2019Time: Mon 5 pm-7pmCost:$30 per lessonLength: Once a week for 12 weeksPlace: Adult Learning CentreWeb DesignProvides advanced training

15、in software, design, and coding for the webStudents must have already completed a recognized basic web design course or have at least 2 years relevant work experience. Students completing the course will receive the Diploma in Advanced Web Design.Start: June 1,2019Time: Weekdays 9 am-4pmCost:$4,990L

16、ength:40 weeksPlace: University of TechnologyArtThis practical course is intended to help established artists take their creativity further. From sketching and color, to composition, painting and experimenting with style, you will study and explore an engaging variety of creative media and subject m

17、atter.Start: April 21,2019Time: Thur. 3 pm-6pmCost:$750Length:15 weeksPlace: City Art21Which courses are suitable for beginners?AWeb Design and Art.BComputer Studies and Art.CWoodwork and Web Design.DComputer Studies and Woodwork.22Which course awards students an official certificate?AArt. BWoodwork

18、.CWeb Design.DComputer Studies.23How much will a student who attends only half of all the Woodwork lessons pay in total?A$30. B$180. C$250. D$360.BFrom the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation(侮辱). When children are little we

19、 make them read aloud before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they dont know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided

20、to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now Im going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to

21、read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, thats enough for me. Also Im not going to ask you what w

22、ords mean.”The children sat stunned and silent. Was this teacher talking seriously? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, “Mr. Holt, do

23、you really mean that?” I said just as seriously, “ I mean every word of it.”During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk. From a glimpse of the illustrations(插图) I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It cant be,” and went to take a closer look. Su

24、re enough, she was reading Moby Dick. I said, “Dont you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”This is exactly what reading, I think, should be: find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad p

25、arts, get what you can out of it, and then go on to something else.24According to the passage, childrens fear and dislike of books may result from _.Areading little and thinking little Breading often and adventurouslyCbeing made to read too much Dbeing made to read aloud before others25The teacher t

26、old his students to read _.Afor higher scores in examsBfor knowledgeCfor enjoymentDfor a larger vocabulary26Upon hearing the teachers talk, the children probably felt that _.Ait sounded stupid Bit was not surprising at allCit sounded too good to be true Dit was no different from other teachers talkC

27、Not all waste has to go to waste. Most of the worlds 2.22 billion tons of annual trash ends up in landfills or open dumps. Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, has created a solution to our massive trash problem: waste microf

28、actories. These little trash processors（处理器） some as small as 500 square feet house a series of machines that recycle waste and transform it into new materials with thermal technology. The new all-in-one approach could leave our current recycling processes in the dust.Sahajwalla launched the worlds

29、first waste microfactory targeting electronic waste, or e-waste, in 2018 in Sydney. A second one began recycling plastics in 2019. Now, her lab group is working with university and industry partners to commercialize their patented Microfactory technology. “The small scale of the machines will make i

30、t easier for them to one day operate on renewable energy, unlike most large manufacturing plants. The approach will also allow cities to recycle waste into new products on location, avoiding the long, often international, high-emission journeys between recycling processors and manufacturing plants.

31、With a microfactory, gone are the days of needing separate facilities to collect and store materials, extract（提取）elements and produce new products,” says Sahajwalla. Traditionally, recycling plants break down materials for reuse in similar products like melting down plastic to make more plastic thin

32、gs. Sahajwallas invention evolves this idea by taking materials from an old product and creating something different. “The kids dont look like the parents,” she says. For example, the microfactories can break down old smartphones and computer monitors and extract silica (from the glass) and carbon (

33、from the plastic casing), and then combine them into silicon carbide nanowires（碳化硅纳米线）. This generates a common ceramic material with many industrial uses. Sahajwalla refers to this process as “the fourth R,” adding “re-form” to the common phrase “reduce, reuse, recycle”.In 2019, just 17.4 percent o

34、f e-waste was recycled, so the ability to re-form offers a crucial new development in the challenge of recycling complex electronic devices. “We can do so much more with materials,” says Sahajwalla. “Traditional recycling has not worked for every recycling challenge.” She and her team are already wo

35、rking to install the next waste microfactory in the Australian town of Cootamundra by early 2021, with the goal of expanding around the country over the next few years.27. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A. To present the process of recycling waste.B. To introduce a new type of trash proc

36、essor.C. To prove the seriousness of the trash problem.D. To show the current situation of trash recycling.28. What are Sahajwallas words in paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The scale of waste microfactories.B. The founding of waste microfactories.C. The influences of waste microfactories.D. The advantag

37、es of waste microfactories.29. What does “re-form” refer to according to Sahajwalla?A. Extracting materials from the waste.B. Updating the whole recycling process.C. Generating new materials with waste.D. Transforming waste into similar products.30. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A busines

38、s report.B. A science magazine.C. A chemical textbook.D. A fiction novel.DSleep deprivation(缺失)is an important hidden factor in lowering the achievement of school pupils, according to researchers carrying out international education tests.It is a particular problem in richer countries with sleep exp

39、erts linking it to the use of mobile phones and computers in bedroom late at night. Sleep deprivation is such a serious problem that lessons have to be dragged down to a lower level to suit sleep-deprived learners, the study found. The international comparison, carried out by Boston College, found t

40、he United States to have the highest number of sleep-deprived students, with 73% of 9- and 10-year-olds and 80% of 13- and 14-year-olds identified by their teachers as being negatively affected.In literacy(读写能力) tests there were 76% of 9- and 10-year-olds lacking sleep. This was much higher than the

41、 international average of 47% of primary pupils needing more sleep and 57% among the secondary age group.Other countries with the most sleep-deprived youngsters were New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, Australia, England, Ireland and France. High-performing Finland is also among the most lacking in sleep. Co

42、untries with the best records for getting enough sleep include Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Portugal, the Czech Republic, Japan and Malta.The analysis was part of the huge date-gathering process for global education rankings, the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study(TIMSS)and Progress in

43、 International Reading Literacy Study(PIRLS)“I think we underestimate the impact of sleep. Our data show that across countries internationally, on average, children who have more sleep achieve higher in maths, science and reading. That is exactly what our data show,” says Chad Minnich of the TIMSS a

44、nd PIRLS International Study Center.“Its the same link for children who are lacking basic nutrition,” says Mr Minnich, based at the Lynch School of Education, Boston College. “If you are unable to concentrate, to attend mentally, you are unable to achieve at your best level, because your mind and bo

45、dy are in need of something more basic. Sleep is a fundamental need for all children. If teachers report such large proportions of children suffering from lack of sleep, its having a significant impact. But worse than that, teachers are having to adjust their instruction based on those children who

46、are suffering from a lack of sleep. The children who are suffering from a lack of sleep are driving down instruction.” That means that even the children who are getting enough sleep are still suffering from this sleep-related lowering.31What did the researchers of Boston College try to find？AWhy chi

47、ldren dont get enough sleepBHow many hours children sleep every nightCThe relationship between sleep and test resultsDThe relationship between sleep and health32Many children suffer from sleep deprivation because _.Athey sit in front of the TV for too longBthey can hardly sleep soundly and deeplyCth

48、eir homework occupies too much of their timeDmodern technological devices consume a lot of their time33Which of the following countries has the most sleep-deprived students？AJapan BMalta CFinlandDPortugal34Why are children who get enough sleep also victims？ABecause they are disturbed by sleep-depriv

49、ed studentsBBecause teaching is driven down by sleep-deprived studentsCBecause they have to spend time helping sleep-deprived studentsDBecause the teachers waste time disciplining sleep-deprived students第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The advent of high-tech era is sti

50、ll based on the development of human ability to use tools.35. The positive aspects of these abilities were dug out by human survival instinct, while the negative ones were ignored because they were insignificant.When organized civilization began to appear on the earth, people began to make vehicles.

51、 36. On the contrary, they made the burden of slaves heavier and increased the possibility of civilian uprising.During the alternation period between the Middle Ages and the modern world in the 17th and 19th centuries, when the industrial revolution was flourishing, there were many great inventions

52、in the hands of human beings, such as the steam engine and many factories. 37. The positive side provided a solid foundation for scientific exploration, greatly enhanced the power, and greatly enhanced the carrying capacity. The negative side is that the environmental pollution is greatly aggravated

53、.In the 20th century, mankind began to use nuclear energy, and the advantages gained from the 17th to 19th centuries continued to grow substantially. 38. But at the same time, the negative effects were also increasing secretly. The leakage of nuclear energy makes the economy of some countries face c

54、ollapse (such as Japan), and as long as a terrorist has mastered the code for launching a nuclear bomb, human life in the world will be at stake.In the 21st century, the positive and negative aspects brought about by nuclear deterrence have stabilized and stopped growing. 39. But the disadvantages a

55、re inevitable. For example, the Internet makes many netizens addicted to the Internet, the network crime is rampant, and the development of artificial intelligence to a certain extent may produce self-consciousness, and it is possible to resist human beings with its high intelligence.As for the foll

56、ow-up, we can only see how human beings decide their own direction.A. From ancient times, human beings began to learn to use stone axes to cut down trees and drill wood for fireB. In addition, nuclear deterrence stabilized the world situation, especially with the coming of the next World WarC. There

57、 are both advantages and disadvantages in science and technology. We should treat the rapid development of science and technology with correct eyesD. On the positive side, they mainly enhanced the carrying capacity and had more functionsE. The positive and negative aspects increased in proportionF.

58、However, the Internet, artificial intelligence, new energy development and other emerging fields have greatly benefited mankindG. So we should resist the bad factors to promote the further development of science and technology第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据

59、题目要求回答问题。A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying. 29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences then folded each one into a fan. She connected th

60、em in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it. “The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me t

61、hat you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed,” she said. “A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way.”Caitlins adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science at Michigan State University, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. L

62、ibarkin believes its important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesnt get the grant or the spot in the academic journal, thats okay. Theyll sti

63、ll have learned something in the process.As for Caitlin? Her rejections over the years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, shes won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture in Germany.Currently, shes a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for

64、 what the future holds? “Im prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way,” she joked heartily, “Maybe Ill make a longer skirt.”40What can we learn about Caitlin Kirbys rejection letters?41. According to Paragraph 3, what is Julie Libarkins attitude towards Caitlins action?42. Pleas

65、e decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying. But she decided to stop making this kind of skirt any more. 43. When your close friend

66、is faced with failures, how will you encourage him/her? (about 40 words)第二节 （20分）44假设你是红星中学校学生李华。校运会将于下周五举行，学生会需要向全校招募30名志愿者。请你给国际部好友Jim写封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：1. 对志愿者的要求； 2. 志愿者工作内容；3. 报名时间和地点。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua（请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）北京市通州区潞河中学2021届高三三模英语试题参考答案第一节 完形填空（共10

67、小题，15分。每小题1.5分）1-5 BCBCA 6-10 ABCAB【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Sarah通过自己的努力，让一个已被人忘记的人权运动领袖，重新被人纪念的故事。1考查形容词词义辨析。上文提到“四年级的Sarah Haycox”，由此可知应是年轻人。故选B项。2考查动词词义辨析。根据第三段第一句话，她做了一些研究，最后知道了纪念碑主人的身份。故可推知，此处表示她 “想知道” 。故选C项。3考查名词词义辨析。依据后面她得知的结果，说明是在“研究，调查”后得知的。故选B项。4考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖。人们给他树立了纪念碑，

68、由此我们可知，他一定帮助过很多人。故选C项。5考查动词词义辨析。划线后提到有人不同意他的做法，所以因此他被杀害。人们对此为他立碑。故选A项。6考查名词词义辨析。前文提到了作为一位民权领袖，他帮助了很多人。同时Sarah觉得一个小小的纪念碑是不够的，是因为他“影响” 了很多人。故选A项。7考查动词词义辨析。由下文可知Sarah为了纪念这位民权领袖，她找了一所愿意以Edwin T. Pratt命名的学校。因此可推出，此处表示Sarah决定做点什么。故选B项。8考查名词词义辨析。根据倒数第二段最后一句提到的 “新学校” 可知，此处新建的是一所儿童学校。故选C项。9考查名词词义辨析。根据上文第4题提到

69、的 “她想知道他是谁，他干了什么事” 可知，Sarah拥有好奇心。故此处的curiosity 和第4题的wonder构成相互呼应。故选A项。10考查动词词义辨析。此处和文章第一段构成首尾呼应。根据第一段提及 “她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情” 可知，她的行为 “激励” 了世界各地其他年轻人。故选B项。第二节 语法填空 （共10小题，15分。每小题1.5分）11In 12was 13whose 14was placed 15.him16.if/whether17.brings18.successfully 19.achievements 20.largestA篇【解析】这是一篇

70、新闻报道。报道了中国成功发射神州十一飞船。11考查介词。句意：这枚火箭是从戈壁滩酒泉卫星发射中心发射的。短语in the Gobi desert“在戈壁沙漠里”故填in。12考查动词时态。句意：在地球的轨道两天后，飞船与中国空间实验室取得了联系。全文叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故用was。13考查定语从句连接词。句意：它的名字叫做天宫二号。本句为定语从句修饰先行词Tiankong-2，且在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose。14考查被动语态。句意：这个实验室上个月被送入轨道。根据时间状语last month可知用一般过去时，与主语lab的关系为被动关系，故填was placed。

71、B篇【解析】讲了烘焙师因黄油重量不足而把农夫告上法庭的故事,但经过法官调查了解到其实是烘焙师先欺骗了农夫15.him句意:这让他很生气,所以他就把农夫告上了法庭。本题考查人称代词。谓语动词anger后缺少宾语,故用he的宾格形式him。16.if/whether句意:法官问农夫是否有测量工具。本题考查宾语从句。设空处表示“是否”,因此本空填if或者whether。17.brings句意:当烘焙师把面包带给我以后,我总是把面包放在我的称上,然后给他相同重量的黄油。本题考查动词的时态。设空处表示现在的习惯性动作,故用一般现在时,故填brings。C篇【解析】讲了中国改革开放以来的一些成就18.su

72、ccessfully本题考查词性转换。设空处修饰动词shift,故应用副词successfully来修饰动词。19.achievements句意:在中国共产党的领导下,各个领域都能看到许多成就。本题考查名词复数形式,从设空处前many可知,该空应用名词复数形式。因此填achievements。20.largest句意:现在这个国家有全世界最大的高速铁路网。本题考查形容词最高级。根据句意及设空处前的the可知,用形容词最高级,因此填largest。第二部分 阅读理解第一节 阅读理解（共14小题，28分。每小题2分） 21-25 DCBDC 26-30 CBDCB 31-34 CDCB A篇 这是

73、一篇说明文。主要介绍了四种成人教育课程。21D. 细节理解题。根据Computer Studies中的介绍“This six-week course will give you an understanding of computer fundamentals”可知，这门课程会使你了解计算机基础知识，与Woodwork中第一句“Learn the basics of woodworking with simple hands-on projects to build your confidence and skills.”可知，这门课程会学习基本的木工与简单的动手项目，可知，这两门课程都是适合

74、新手的基础课程，故选D。22C 细节理解题。根据Web Design最后一句“Students completing the course will receive the Diploma in Advanced Web Design.”可知，完成课程的学生将获得高级网页设计文凭。所以Web Design课程授予学生官方证书。故选C。23B 细节理解题。根据Woodwork的收费要求Cost:$30 per lesson，Length:12 weeks可知，课程一共持续十二周，每节课30美元。故可知半学期，即六周的课程需要花费6*30=180美元。故选B。B篇：这是一篇记叙文。从孩子入学开始，

75、我们就把书本和读书变成不断可能失败、当众受辱的源头。但是当他们不知道单词该怎么读的时候，他们会犯错，而且是在所有人面前犯错，这会给他们带来一些害怕。作者认为阅读应该是一件快乐的事，而且不是强迫性的阅读，强调通过快乐阅读培养阅读习惯。24细节理解题。根据文章第一段的This means that when they dont know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone.可知当孩子们不知道单词时，他们会犯错，而且是在所有人面前犯错，这会给他们带来一些害怕。D. being made to rea

76、d aloud before others（被要求在众人面前大声朗读）符合以上说法，故选D项。25细节理解题。根据文章第二段的I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure.可知老师让孩子们读书，但他的目的是让他们读着玩。C. for enjoyment（为了好玩）符合以上说法，故选C项。26细节理解题。根据文章第三段的The children sat stunned and silent. Was this teacher talking seri

77、ously可知孩子们震惊和沉默地坐着，可见孩子们很吃惊，对老师的话感到难以置信。C. it sounded too good to be true（听起来太好了，不像真的）符合以上说法，故选C项。D 篇：本文是一篇说明文。据开展国际教育测试的研究人员报道，在降低学生成绩的过程中，睡眠是一个重要的隐藏因素。教师要以遭受缺乏睡眠的那些孩子为基础进行调整。31推理判断题。根据文章第一段Sleep deprivation(缺失)is an important hidden factor in lowering the achievement of school pupils, according to

78、 researchers carrying out international education tests. 据开展国际教育测试的研究人员报道，在降低学生成绩的过程中，睡眠是一个重要的隐藏因素；文章最后一句That means that even the children who are getting enough sleep are still suffering from this sleep-related lowering.那意味着甚至得到足够睡眠的孩子仍然遭受着睡眠相对低的痛苦。从而可以判断波士顿学院的研究人员试图找到睡眠和测试结果之间的关系。故选C。32推理判断题。根据第二段

79、第一句It is a particular problem in richer countries with sleep experts linking it to the use of mobile phones and computers in bedroom late at night在更富裕的国家，在晚上很晚的时候用手机和电脑与睡眠专家联系起来，它是一个特别的问题，可以推断，由于现代科技设备消耗了许多儿童的时间，许多儿童遭受睡眠不足的困扰。故选D。33细节理解题。根据第四段第二句High-performing Finland is also among the most lacking

80、 in sleep. 高效执行的Finland也是在睡眠中最缺乏的。故选C。34推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句worse than that, teachers are having to adjust their instruction based on those children who are suffering from a lack of sleep. The children who are suffering from a lack of sleep are driving down instruction. 更糟糕的是，老师不得不根据那些睡眠不足的孩子调整他们的教学。患有

81、睡眠不足的孩子们正在减少教育。可以推断，睡眠充足的孩子也是受害者，因为睡眠不足的学生拖累了教学。故选B。第二节 七选五（共5小题，10分。每小题2分） 35-39 ADCBF【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了科技发展的历史，说明高科技时代的到来仍然是基于人类使用工具能力的发展，并阐述了不同阶段科技发展的优缺点。1空格前是逗号，讲述从古代，人们运用工具的情况，首字母不大写，确定A、D项。下文“The positive aspects of these abilities were dug out by human survival instinct, while the negative ones

82、 were ignored because they were insignificant.”（这些能力的积极方面被人类的生存本能挖掘出来，而消极方面则因为微不足道而被忽视。）A项中的“use stone axes to cut down trees and drill wood for fire”（用石斧砍树，钻木取火）对应下文的these abilities，且与第一段的“human ability to use tools”呼应。故选A。2空格前是逗号，所填句子首字母不大写, 确定A、D项。根据“On the positive side”（积极的一面）可知，此处描述前文“When org

83、anized civilization began to appear on the earth, people began to make vehicles.( 当有组织的文明开始在地球上出现时，人们开始制造交通工具。)”积极的方面，也就是人们制作交通工具的积极影响，D项中的“enhanced the carrying capacity and had more functions(提高了承载能力，功能更丰富)”说明了其积极作用，与下文的“On the negative side”相互呼应。故选D。3根据上文“During the alternation period between the

84、 middle ages and the modern world in the 17th and 19th centuries, when the industrial revolution was flourishing, there were many great inventions in the hands of human beings, such as the steam engine and many factories.( 17、19世纪是中世纪与现代世界的交替时期，工业革命如火如荼，人类手中有许多伟大的发明，如蒸汽机和许多工厂。)”说明17、19世纪人类有许多发明，下文“T

85、he positive side provided a solid foundation for scientific exploration, greatly enhanced the power, and greatly enhanced the carrying capacity. The negative side is that the environmental pollution is greatly aggravated.( 积极的一面为科学探索提供了坚实的基础，大大增强了动力，大大增强了承载能力。消极的一面是环境污染大大加剧了。)”说明了这些发明的积极作用和消极作用都提高了，

86、因此推断空格处承上启下，C项中的“The positive and negative aspects”引出下文，故C项“积极方面和消极方面都按比例增加”符合语境，故选C。4根据上文“In the 20th century, mankind began to use nuclear energy, and the advantages gained from the 17th to 19th centuries continued to grow substantially.( 20世纪，人类开始使用核能，17世纪到19世纪的优势继续大幅增长。)”说明核能的出现以及优势大幅度增加，下文“But

87、at the same time, the negative effects were also increasing secretly.”（与此同时，消极影响也大幅度提高，）因此推断空格处也是在讲述核能的优势，B项中的“In addition”与上文构成递进关系，继续说明核能的益处，“nuclear deterrence stabilized the world situation”（核威慑稳定了世界局势。）故选B。5根据下文“But the disadvantages are inevitable. For example, the Internet makes many netizens

88、 addicted to the Internet, the network crime is rampant, and the development of artificial intelligence to a certain extent may produce self-consciousness, and it is possible to resist human beings with its high intelligence.( 但缺点是不可避免的。例如，互联网使许多网民沉迷于互联网，网络犯罪猖獗，人工智能的发展在一定程度上可能产生自我意识，有可能以其高智能来抵抗人类。)”

89、说明互联网带来的不利之处，由But可推断，空格处说明互联网，人工智能等的积极的影响，F项中的“However, the Internet, artificial intelligence, new energy development and other emerging fields have greatly benefited mankind”（然而，互联网、人工智能、新能源开发等新兴领域给人类带来了巨大的利益）与下文的举例一致，且“greatly benefited mankind”说明了它们的好处，与下文是转折关系，故选F。第三部分 书面表达第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，12分。1-2题

90、每小题2分，3小题3分，4小题5分）40. She made some rejection letters into a skirt.解析：根据文章第一段“29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into

91、 a skirt and wore it.”41. 答案 Julie Libarkins attitude towards Caitlins action is favorable.His attitude towards Caitlins action is favorable.Favorable.解析推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Libarkin believes its important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, s

92、o she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way.”可推断，Julie Libarkin对Caitlin的行为是赞成的。42. “A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying. But she decided to stop making this kind of skirt any more. 解析：根

93、据文章第一段“A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying.”和最后一段“Im prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way, she joked heartily, “Maybe Ill make a longer skirt.”可知，Caitlin Kirby不会stop making this kind of ski

94、rt any more。43. (略)第二节 应用文写作（共20分）Possible version Dear Jim,How is it going? Knowing that you are enthusiastic about volunteering job, I cant wait to tell you some fabulous news. Our school will be holding the annual sports meeting next Friday. Now we are in need of 30 volunteers. I know you work we

95、ll with others and have a strong sense of responsibility, so why dont you join us! No prior experience is required of volunteers, but you should have enough time in your schedule.There is a wide range of volunteer jobs for you to choose from, including conducting registration of all the athletes, ta

96、king photographs of memorable moments, writing and broadcasting real-time news reports, assisting the judges in recording the results and dealing with emergencies that may arise. You are free to apply for any volunteer job based on your own expertise. If you are interested, please sign up at the Stu

97、dent Union office from 12:30 to 13:30 this Friday. Looking forward to enjoying the sports meeting with you!Yours,Li Hua【解析】这是一篇应用文写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封介绍、告知类信件；假设你是红星中学校学生李华。校运会将于下周五举行，学生会需要向全校招募30名志愿者。请你根据以下内容向你国际部朋友写封邮件，内容包括：1. 对志愿者的要求； 2. 志愿者工作内容； 3. 报名时间和地点。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：the annual sports meeting（年度运动会），in need of（需要），have a strong sense of responsibility（强烈的责任感），registration（登记）；memorable（难忘的）；apply for（申请）；based on（根据）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。