2012年高考英语复习课件：第21讲 UNIT 1 GREAT SCIENTISTS（新课标人教版必修5）.ppt

1、2012年高考英语复习课件：第21讲 Unit 1 Great scientists（新课标人教版必修5）第21讲 Unit 1 Great scientists美文佳句第21讲 美文佳句诵美文请用英语写一篇120词左右的短文，介绍伟大的发明家爱迪生。要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且需包括以下三部分内容：1对该人物的简单介绍；2喜欢该人物的理由；3从该人物身上得到的启示。Thomas EdisonInventor；Creative；diligent；Full of wisdom“Genius is one percentinspiration and ninetyninepercent pers

2、piration.”第21讲 美文佳句Thomas EdisonBorn in America，Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating.Later,however,he turned out to be a man full of imagination.I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world.He had more th

3、an 1,000 inventions.In his life time,he was always eager to know how things worked,which helped him to have the nickname“the Wizard of Melo Park”.He was also so diligent that he worked day and night.And this explained why he had so many great inventions.第21讲 美文佳句What impresses me most is his famous

4、saying,“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration.”Probably I cannot be an Edison myself,but I can be a hardworking teammate.From him,I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born,but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.第21讲 美文佳句背佳句1He w

5、as once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating.他曾被认为是一个不值得教育的孩子。赏析 该句包含了一个who引导的定语从句，其中主句中使用了think sb.to be的被动式，从句中使用了“be worth doing”结构。第21讲 美文佳句2In his life time,he was always eager to know how things worked,which helped him to have the nickname“the Wizard of Melo Park”.在他的一生中，他总是渴望搞清楚事物的

6、原理，这使得他拥有绰号“the Wizard of MeloPark”。赏析 该句中包含了一个which引导的非限制性定语从句。其中主句中又包含了how引导的名词性从句作know的宾语。第21讲 美文佳句3From him,I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born,but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.从他身上，我认识到成功的秘诀不在于你是在何时何地出生的，而在于生活中你在做什么以及是怎样做的。赏析 主句为I realize，宾语从句

7、中又包含了一个表语从句，表语从句中用notbut，以及and等成分连接了三个名词性从句。第21讲 美文佳句.单词拼写1 From these observations we c_ that the moon has little or no atmosphere.2 He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people e_to cholera.3 I hope the doctor can c_the pain in my shoulder.4The school was a_almost entirely by l

8、ocal children.5Nowadays no one will c_ the fact that the earth is round.第21讲 课前热身课前热身oncludexposedttendedurehallenge6In many countries，political _(嫌疑犯)are kept under police observation in the country.7She got up and s_ a little turn.8The supermarket r_ all spotted apples.9Honesty and hard work c_ to

9、 success and happiness.10The river has been p_ by waste products from the factory.第21讲 课前热身suspectspunejectedontributeolluted.完成短语1通向；导致2有意义3将和联系或连接起来4提出5除之外；此外6得出结论7对要求严格8暴露；使暴露第21讲 课前热身lead tomake sense link to put forward apart fromdraw a conclusion(be)strict with expose to.完成句子1 他们认为让儿童接触暴力和色情电视

10、节目几乎是一种犯罪行为。They consider it almost a crime _and sex on TV.2 这段不知所云的文章读起来很费劲。The paragraph which doesnt _is hard to read.第21讲 课前热身to expose childrento violencemake sense3 有了这个证据，约翰斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染的水携带病毒。With this extra evidence John Snow was able to_that polluted water carried the disease.4 除了几个单词外，

11、我对法语一无所知。_a few words，I do not know any French at all.5 汤姆一向对孩子很严格。Tom is always _his children.第21讲 课前热身strict withannounce with certaintyApart from第21讲 单词点睛单词点睛concludevt.&vi.(to infer on the basis of convincing evidence)推断出；(to finish or be over)结束；缔结conclude sth(from sth)(从某事)推断出某事concludewith/by

12、 doing 以(做)结束conclusion n.结论；结束come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论in conclusion 最后，总之1【活学活用】(1)会议于十点钟在国际歌中结束。The meeting _at ten oclock.(2)他们从这些事实中得出了不同的结论。They _the facts.(3)你从这些观察中能得出什么结论？_from these observations?第21讲 单词点睛concluded with The Internationaldrew different conclusions fromWhat can you

13、conclude第21讲 单词点睛attendvt.(take care of,look after)照顾；(to be present at)出席；(to accompany or wait upon as a servant)护理；(go to)上(学等)attend a lecture/movie/meeting 听演讲/看电影/参加会议attend on/upon sb伺候某人；照顾某人attend to 处理；注意倾听；专心于attend school/classes 上课attend church 做礼拜attendant n.服务员；使者2【活学活用】翻译句子，注意attend的

14、用法(1)Only seven people attended the meeting._。(2)我也许会迟到，我有一两件事要处理。_.(3)所有616岁的孩子必须上学。_.(4)She didnt attend to what I was saying._。第21讲 单词点睛只有7个人参加了会议I may be lateI have got one or two things to attend toAll children between the ages of 616 must attend school她并不注意听我所说的话第21讲 单词点睛exposevt.揭露；暴露；使曝光expo

15、seto 使暴露；暴露expose oneself to sbs influence 使自己受到某人的影响be exposed to 暴露于auto expose 自动曝光3【活学活用】(1)你不应该让士兵们冒不必要的危险。You _to unnecessary risks.(2)不要把胶片曝光。_light.第21讲 单词点睛shouldnt expose the soldiersDont expose the film to第21讲 单词点睛curen治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗a cure for 治疗的方法cure sb of 疾病名称 治疗某人的疾病cure sb of 不良习惯 矫

16、正某人的不良习惯4【活学活用】(1)她想尽一切办法试图改掉她孩子的这个恶习。She tried every means_.(2)治疗感冒尚无良方。Theres no known_.第21讲 单词点睛to cure her child of the bad habitcure for a coldblamevt.(to place responsibility for)责备；谴责n过失；责备be to blame(for)(在上)应负责任blame sth on sb把某事归咎于某人blame sb for sth/doing sth因而责备某人/责备某人做了某事take the blame f

17、or 承担的责任put/lay the blame for sth on sb把某事归咎于某人【温馨提示】be to blame没有被动形式，因此要用主动形式表示被动意义。第21讲 单词点睛5【活学活用】用blame相关短语的适当形式完成句子(1)The teacher _(因学生犯了错误而责怪他们)(2)我准备承担这一错误的责任。I am ready_.(3)许多孩子害怕讲英语时因犯错误而受到惩罚。Many children are afraid _in speaking English.(4)不要总把失败归咎于他人，有时候该怪你自己。Dont always_.Sometimes you y

18、ourself_.第21讲 单词点睛blamed his students for making mistakesto take the blame for the mistakeof being blamed formaking mistakesblame your own failure on othersare to blameannouncevt.(to make sth known publicly)通告，宣告announcement n通告；宣告；通知announcer n.广播员，播音员make an announcement宣布【易混辨析】announce，declareann

19、ounce侧重于“通知，宣布(结果、决定等)”；declare的意思是“宣布(公告、法律等)，声明”，一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度。用announce或declare的适当形式完成句子(1)She _that the singer would give one extra song.(2)The new Congress _a state of war with Germany.第21讲 单词点睛6announceddeclared【温馨提示】announce后不能跟双宾语结构，如果要表达“向某人宣布某事”应该这样表达：announce sth to sb，不能用announce sb

20、结构。除了announce外，类似的词还有say,explain,mention等。第21讲 单词点睛第21讲 单词点睛contributevi.贡献；(to submit for publication)投稿；捐献/助，有助于contribution n 贡献；捐赠contributeto 向捐献(投稿)contribute to 促成；起作用；有助于make a contribution to 给做出贡献【温馨提示】contribute to短语中，to为介词，后面可跟名词、代词或动名词。7第21讲 单词点睛【活学活用】翻译句子(1)Many people contributed mone

21、y to the poor girl,which contributed to her returning to school.A teacher wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper._许多人给这位家境贫寒的女孩捐款，这使她重新回到校园。一位老师写了一篇关于此事的文章，并把它投到了报社。第21讲 单词点睛(2)I will devote my whole life to scientific research,and make contributions to the country where I was born

22、 and the people who brought me up._我将用全部的生命从事科学研究，贡献给生育我、栽培我的祖国和人民。第21讲 单词点睛rejectvt.(to refuse to accept)拒绝；不接受；摒弃reject an offer of help拒绝别人提供的帮助reject an appeal 驳回上诉rejection n.拒绝8【活学活用】(1)所有带斑点的苹果都被剔除。All apples with spots_.(2)他担心她会因他不是本国人而拒绝他。He was afraid_.(3)病人排斥移植的心脏。The patient_.第21讲 单词点睛we

23、re rejected she would reject him becausehe was a foreignerrejected the transplanted heart【易混辨析】reject,refuse，decline(1)reject表示拒不接受不适合、不满足或厌恶的东西，如“建议、计划、赠物、求婚、忠告”等，语气最强，有时还含有“抛弃；剔除”等意思。只可接名词或代词，主语只能是人。(2)refuse是普通用语，指坚决、果断甚至是粗暴地对别人的要求、请求、引诱或帮助加以拒绝，后接名词、代词或不定式，主语可以是人或物。第21讲 单词点睛(3)decline常指婉转地拒绝，近似汉语

24、的“谢绝”，多用于对他人的邀请或提供的帮助。在与不定式连用时相当于一般的“拒绝”，可与refuse通用。用reject,refuse或decline的适当形式完成句子(1)He _their invitation pointblank.(2)The big clock _to welcome the New Year.第21讲 单词点睛rejectedrefused第21讲 短语存储短语储存put forward提出；提前；把表拨快put away存放；存储put out 熄灭put up with 容忍；忍受put off 推迟come up 上来；走近；被提出；即将发生come up wi

25、th比得上；想出；提出1第21讲 短语存储【温馨提示】在表示提出(主意、计划)时，come up with和put forward为及物动词词组，可以用于被动语态；而come up意思是“被提出”，是不及物动词词组，无被动语态。【活学活用】1 根据汉语意思完成句子(1)男子半决赛已被提前到1：30举行。The mens semifinal _1：30.(2)他在会上提出了一个很好的建议。He _a very good suggestion at the meeting.2 用put相关短语的适当形式完成句子(1)The firefighters spent 3 hours _the big f

26、ire.(2)The meeting _because of the heavy snow.(3)At last her husband couldnt _her.第21讲 短语存储has been put forward toput forward/came up with(in)putting outwas put offput up with第21讲 短语存储apart from 除之外；此外in addition to除了之外(还有)besides 除之外(还有)except for 除之外；只是except 除了之外2第21讲 短语存储【温馨提示】apart from后跟名词或动名词

27、，相当于besides除以外(还包括)或except除以外(不包括)。如：Apart from my mother tongue,I speak several foreign languages as well.除了母语外，我还会讲好几种外语。I like all the subjects apart from English.除了英语外，我喜欢所有科目。第21讲 短语存储make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通make sense of 理解；弄懂(不易理解的事物)make no sense 讲不通；无意义in no sense 决不There is no sense(in)doing

28、sth 做什么没有道理【温馨提示】in no sense 位于句首，句子要部分倒装。3【活学活用】(1)你看得懂这首诗吗？Can you _this poem?(2)读句子，告诉我它是否讲得通。Read the sentence and_.(3)为这样的事烦恼没有意义。_such a thing.第21讲 短语存储make sense of/understandtell me if it makes senseThere is no sense(in)worryingabout1(1)The second suggested that people absorbed this disease

29、into their bodies with their meals.(2)To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.第21讲 句型透视句型透视句型公式(1)主语suggest(表明，暗示)that clause(动词不需要用虚拟语气)(2)主语suggest(建议，提议)that clause(动词需要用虚拟语气，即：should动词原形，should 可以省略)【相关拓展】若是直接接动词则用suggest doi

30、ng，表示“建议做某事”。第21讲 句型透视【活学活用】(1)All the members suggested that a new library _(build)(2)Her smile suggested that she _(satisfy)with my answer.(3)His pale face suggests that he _(be)in poor health.第21讲 句型透视(should)be builtwas satisfiedis2 So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was

31、 an outbreak.句型公式主语谓语every time从句【句式分析】本句是一个复合句，every time相当于一个从属连词，引导一个时间状语从句，意为“每次，每当的时候”，相当于whenever。如：Every time he phones I always seem to be in the bath.他每次打电话来，我好像总是在浴室里。第21讲 句型透视【相关拓展】名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的有：every time,each time,any time,the last time,next time,the moment,the second,the minute,t

32、he hour,the day等。这一系列的词组是具有连词功能的名词短语，可直接 引导从句，不需要其他的连接成分。如：Every time I made a mistake,I was punished.我每次犯错都会受到惩罚。第21讲 句型透视【活学活用】(1)每次碰到学习上的困难，我都是独自解决。_in study，I solve it by myself.(2)下次你来北京，务必要提前告诉我。_,be sure to let me know in advance.第21讲 句型透视Every time I meet with difficultiesNext time you come

33、to Beijing1._，Id like to thank you for all youve done for me.AOn the whole BIn generalCIn conclusion DIn other words【解析】C 考查介词短语辨析。on the whole“总体上，大体上”；in general“通常，一般”；in conclusion“总之，最后，作为结论”，用于概括；in other words“换句话说”，用于两句意思相近的话之间。句意为：最后，我要感谢你们为我所做的一切。故选C。第21讲 跟踪训练跟踪训练2 When I came into her roo

34、m,she was in her book.Aabsorbed BcontrolledCexposed Ddevoted【解析】A 考查动词辨析。be absorbed in“全神贯注于”；controlled“被控制”；exposed“暴露”；devote与to搭配意为“致力于做某事”。句意为：当我进她屋的时候，她正专心地看书。故答案为A。第21讲 跟踪训练3 2010福建卷 In this day and age，women can have children and jobs as well.I cant agree more.Its great to have the two .A.l

35、inked B.related C.connected D.combined【解析】D 考查动词辨析。第二句意思为：“我非常赞同。让这两件事情相结合是非常好的。”have sth done.意为“使某事被做”。linked“相联系的”；related“有关的”；connected“相连接的”；combined“相结合的，联合的”。第21讲 跟踪训练4Eating too much fat and sugar can heart disease and high blood pressure.Aresult from Battend toCdevote to Dcontribute to【解析】

36、D 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：摄入过多的脂肪和糖会引起心脏病和高血压。表示“引起”或“导致”时，可用contribute to，result in或cause。result from表示“原因是”；attend to表示“照顾”；devoteto表示“献身于”。第21讲 跟踪训练5.providing humanitarian aid，the UN is also supposed to enforce(实施)agreements.AApart from BRather thanCFar from DExcept for【解析】A 句意为：除了提供人道主义援助之外，联合国还应该敦促让协议得到实

37、施。由句中的also可知，这里用apart from表示“除了还”。rather than“而不是”，far from“远非”，except for“除了”。第21讲 跟踪训练6 When I left the hospital I was completely.Adiagnosed BtreatedCcured Dhealed【答案】C7 Considering your salary,you should at least 100 dollars a week.Aput up Bput forwardCput aside Dput out【答案】C第21讲 跟踪训练8Janes pale

38、face suggested that she ill,and her parents suggested that she medical examination.Abe;should have Bwas;haveCshould be;have Dwas;has【解析】B 考查suggest的宾语从句的时态。当动词suggest作“建议，提议”讲时，后面的宾语从句用“(should)动词原形”；作“暗示；表明”讲时不用虚拟语气。第21讲 跟踪训练9“It is not only you but also Tom who，”said the teacher after knowing what

39、 had happened.Aare to be blamed Bis to be blamedCare to blame Dis to blame【解析】D 考查主谓一致。not only but also 连接并列的主语时，应遵循就近原则。再结合be to blame的用法，可以判断应该选D。第21讲 跟踪训练10In my opinion,what he told us just now about the affair simply doesnt make any.Aidea Bmeaning Csense Dpoint【解析】C 考查名词辨析。make sense是习语，意为“有道理

40、，意义清楚”。11To talk about more details is still too early,but we will _them in the near future.Areport Bprint Cannounce Ddeclare【解析】C 考查动词辨析。句意为：现在谈论更多的细节还为时过早，但是我们会在不远的将来公布。所以选C。第21讲 跟踪训练12The park which will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished.Ahas built Bhas been builtCis building D

41、is being built【解析】D 从句中的will be open to tourists soon看应该是在建设中，the park与build之间是被动关系。故选D。第21讲 跟踪训练13Bill suggested a meeting on what to do after the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.Ahaving held Bto holdCholding Dhold【解析】C 考查动名词作宾语的用法。suggest后可以接doing sth作宾语。这里表示的是建议，事情还没有发生，所以不能用完成时，故最大的干扰项A 应该排除。第

42、21讲 跟踪训练14The teacher voted to the governments pay offer.Aaccept BdisagreeCreject Dagree【解析】C 考查动词辨析。reject拒绝。句意为：教师们投票拒绝接受政府提出的工资方案。disagree是不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语。第21讲 跟踪训练15An interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been.Agiven off Bcalled inCput forward Dset out【解析】C 考查动词辨析。put forward“提出(建议、计划等)”。句意为：一个有趣的测量火星周围大气的建议已经被人提出来了。give off意思是“发散”，call in意思是“请求收回；请来”。set out意思是“开始”，都不符合语境。第21讲 跟踪训练