2013届高三英语一轮复习精品课件：UNIT3 INVENTORS AND INVENTIONS（新人教版选修8）.ppt

1、(2012吉林摸底)假设你是李华，在互联网上看到英国高中生David登的一则启事：希望结识一位中国朋友，以便学习中国的语言、文化。请你以李华的名义用英文给David发一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：1你怎样得知David的愿望；2你愿意成为他的朋友；3你打算如何帮助他；4你盼望他的回复。注意：1.电子邮件的格式已为你写好，不计入总词数；2.词数：100左右。Dear David，Ive learned_【满分作文】Dear_David，Ive_learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to l

2、earn Chinese language and culture.Im glad that you show such great interest in China and I would like to be your friend.I will try my best to write to you as often as possible to introduce you the Chinese culture.When you have an opportunity to come to China，Ill teach you how to speak Chinese and sh

3、ow you around some famous historical places of interest.Anyway，I am going to help you as much as I can.How do you think?Im looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely，Li Hua【高级词汇】show such great interest in 表现出极大的兴趣have an opportunity to 有机会做某事【佳句变换】1I have read your notice on the Internet that yo

4、u want a Chinese friend to help you learn the Chinese language and culture.2It is so amazing for you to have much interest in Chinese culture，and I am glad to be your friend to help you with it.3Surely I will email you regularly to introduce the Chinese culture according to your schedule and require

5、ments.4How do you find my plan？And dont hesitate if you have new ideas about it.词汇链条1 _vt.期 待；预 料_n预料；期待；期望2 _vt.认 出；承 认_n认出；认可；承认3 _adj.清 白 的；无 罪 的；天 真 的_n清白；无辜4_n直升飞机5_adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的expectexpectationrecognizerecognitioninnocentinnocencehelicopterstable6 _vt.联 想；联 系_n联系；协会7_n粉末；火药8_adj.突然的；出其不意的 _

6、adv.突然地；唐突地9 _n 小 心；谨 慎_adj.小心的；谨慎的10 _n 时 刻；重 要 社 交 活 动 场 合_adv.偶然地；不时地11_adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的12_n三角形；三角形物体associateassociationpowderabruptabruptlycautioncautiousoccasionoccasionallydynamictriangle.重点短语1_给某人打电话2_偶尔；有时3_开始；着手4_迅速把手伸进；一心投入5_开始做某事6_不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7_次序颠倒；发生故障call upnow and thenset aboutdive int

7、oset out to dohang onout of order8get through_9ring back_10ring off_11against all expectations_12be convenient to/for sb_13cant bear sbdoing/to do_14take risks_设法联系上(尤其指打通电话)；通过 回复电话挂断电话出乎意料对某人来说方便不能忍受某人做某事；不能容忍某人做某事冒险.经典句式1It wont _me to see you tomorrow.我明天不方便去看望你。2He cant _ people_ while hes eati

8、ng.他忍受不了人们在他吃饭的时候吸烟。3Do you know how _ going on this work?你知道怎样着手进行这项工作吗？4They managed to _ the worst of the winter.他们设法熬过了冬天最冷的日子。5The photograph _ memories of his childhood.那张照片唤起了他童年时代的一些回忆。be convenient forbearsmokingto set aboutget throughcalled up.短文填空Science has changed the way we live and th

9、e way we _1_.New inventions and discoveries have made it_2_for us to think about the world in new ways.The_3_of transportationbikes，cars，airplaneswe use today are good examples.They are based on the idea_4_ transportation means moving something from one place to_5_on a bike，_6_a car or by plane.This

10、takes time，of course，and we can only_7_as fast as the laws of physics allow.Itwill be_8_to travel much faster than todays_9_and to travel very far，such as to the stars or to other_10_.答案 1.think2.possible3.means4.that5.another6in7.travel8.difficult9.airplanes10.planetsdistinguish between A and B 区别A

11、与Bdistinguish A from B 把A与B区分开distinguish oneself by通过使自己出众tell A from B把A和B区分开distinguishing feature 与众不同的特征(1)between tax avoidance and tax evasion.把避税和逃税区别开很重要。朗文(2)It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.(2011北京卷七选五)It is i

12、mportant to distinguish直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)Other_ features include large pectoral fins，which may be up to a third of the body length，and unique black and white spots on the underside of the tail flukes.(2011上海卷 Reading Comprehension Section B)答案 distinguishing(2)At what age are children able to distinguis

13、h_right and wrong？(2012青岛模拟)Aamong Bduring Cwith Dbetween答案 D写作句组满分作文之佳句a The creation of selfcleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products.Thisselfcleaning nature is known as the“lotus effect”(2011上海)b The West Lake is distinguished for its beautiful sc

14、enery.(安徽)cAs a place of interest，Mount Tai is famous for its scenery.(陕西)the products of manufacturing industry制造业的产品the finished product 制成品waste products废品highquality products优良产品produce/product/production辨析produce作名词指产品是初级的农产品；product则指工业产品或者能源如煤炭、木材、电力等；production指生产、产量、艺术作品如戏剧、电影等。(1)like coal

15、 and steel is declining.对煤炭和钢材的需求在下降。朗文(2)Smoking is banned in the factorys production areas.工厂的生产区禁止吸烟。朗文Demand for products 直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)Renting your home out as a“film set”could earn you hundreds of pounds a day，depending on the film_ company and how long your home is needed.(2011四川卷阅读理解B)答案 pro

16、duction(2)To improve the quality of our products，we asked for suggestions _had used the products.(2010重庆卷)Awhoever Bwho Cwhichever Dwhich解 析考 查 关 系 代 词。这 儿 _ had used the products.是个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，并且指人，所以用whoever。答案 Abear通常与can，could连用，多用于否定句或疑问句中。cant bear doing/to_do忍受不了做某事cant bear sbdoing/to do不能忍

17、受某人做某事；不能容忍某人做某事bear doing意为“耐得住；经得起”，通常用于否定句或疑问句，且不可用人作主语。辨析stand忍受，忍耐，endure忍受，忍耐，tolerate忍受，容忍，have也可表示容忍，用于否定句，cant have doing sth，put up with sb/sth容忍。这些词语在表示“容忍”时语义差别很小，可以换用。(1)in the house.屋里有猫我可真受不了。牛津(2)She bore her sorrow without complaint.她毫无怨言地忍受着悲痛。牛津I cant bear having cats直通高考看看高考怎么考Th

18、ese hills and fields are most beautiful，with many small and clear rivers，and rich fields_fruitand grain.(2012武汉调研)Afeeding Bgrowing Craising Dbearing答案 Dset about doing sth 开始，着手处理，散步set back 往回拨 阻碍，受挫，使退步set fire to 使燃烧set up 建立，创立set down写下，记下set an example to sb(set sban example)为某人树立了榜样set in开始来

19、临，盛行set a limit 加以限制set against 靠着，在的映衬下set ahead 提前，拨快set aside 把置于一旁set by 搁在一旁，抛开set down as 把什么登记为；把什么认为set off 出发set out to do开始做某事(1)She deliberately set out to poison her husband.她蓄谋毒死她的丈夫。朗文(2)She cleaning up after the party.聚会之后，她开始收拾东西打扫卫生。朗文 set about直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)And this is what hes _ t

20、o prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book，The Rational Optimist.(2011湖北卷 阅读理解D)答案 set out(2)I set out to live my life filled with _30_，seeing endless possibilities for personal and professional achievements.(2011天津卷 完形填空)Ahope Bhardship Charmony Dsadness解 析考 查 名 词。根 据 下 文“seeing po

21、ssibilities for personal and professional achievement”可知，作者的生活充满希望。答案 Acall for 要求；需要；提倡；邀请；为叫喊call on 访问，拜访；号召，请求will call(大商店的)预订零售部call of 邀同去call off取消；依次叫名call in 召集；召来call center 客户服务中心telephone call 电话呼叫call back 回电；收回make a phone call 打电话give me a call 给我打电话call upon 号召；要求；拜访call at 拜访，访问；停靠

22、(车站)wakeup call 警钟；叫醒服务；电话叫醒服务call out 唤起；出动；大声叫唤conference call 电话会议call a taxi 打的；叫出租车(1)three months after the war broke out.战争爆发三个月之后，我被征召入伍。朗文(2)The sound of happy laughter called up memories of his childhood.这欢笑声让他回忆起童年的情景。牛津I was called up直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)I used to hate being _ in class mainly b

23、ecause I didnt like attention drawn to myself.(2011北京卷完形填空)答案 called upon(2)Lets play the music we listened to yesterday，because it_our good old days.(2012温州模拟)Acalls on Bcalls for Ccalls in Dcalls up解析 考查动词短语，call up 打电话给；召集；使想起。答案 Dscientific discovery科学发现discovery channel探索频道great discovery伟大的发现；

24、好棒的发现discovery bay发现湾(哥伦布第一脚踏上的土地)discovery learning发现学习make a discovery做出新的发现discover sb doing sth发现某人/物在做discover sb/sthtobe发现某人/物是invent/find/find out/discover 辨析invent意为“发明”，指通过劳动运用聪明才智“发明/创造”出以前从未存在过的新事物。Who invented the telephone?是谁发明电话的？find意为“找到、发现”，指找到或发现自己所需要的东西或丢失的东西，着重指找到的结果。Weve found o

25、il under the South Sea.我们已在南海发现了石油。discover意为“发现”，表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误，即指发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物，也可表示发现已为人所知的事物的新的性质或用途。Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥伦布1492年发现了美洲。We soon discovered the truth.我们很快就弄清了真相。find out指经过研究或询问查明某事或真相。Ive found you out at last.我终于把你揭露了。Please find out when the ship

26、 sails for New York.请打听一下那艘船什么时候开往纽约。Please find out what time the delegation will come.请查一查代表团什么时候来。(1)Like many discoveries，atomic power can be used for good or evil.正如人类发现的许多事物一样，原子能既可以用来为善，也可以用来为恶。牛津(2)We our luggage had been stolen.我们发现行李已经被偷了。牛津Discovered that直通高考看看高考怎么考He buried the treasure

27、to prevent its_.(2012郑州质检)Ainvention Bdiscovery Creview Dpractice答案 Bbefore的用法：一、作介词1指时间上早于，在之前，如：She has lived here since before the war.她从战前就一直在这儿住。2指位置在前面，如：We knelt down before Grandmas grave.我们在奶奶的墓前跪下。3指顺序或排列在之前，如：Your name comes before mine on the list.名单上你的名字在我之前。4在某人面前，如：She said it before

28、the witness.她是当着证人的面说的。二、作连词其基本含义是“在之前”，又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就”、“趁”、“就”等。具体用法如下：1与情态动词can/could连用这时候从句虽为肯定形式，根据汉语表达习惯译成“还没来得及就”，如：Before she could move，she heard a loud noise，which grew to a terrible roar.她还没来得及迈步，就听见一声巨响，接着就是可怕的隆隆轰鸣。2用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间，距离长，或花费的精力大，译成“才”，如：We had sailed four days a

29、nd four nights before we saw lands.我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。3用于否定句中，强调主句所表达的时间，距离短，或花费的精力小，译成“不到就”。如：We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。4主句含有hardly，scarcely等半否定副词时可以译为“刚就”。这时候主句应用过去完成时态，从句用过去时，还可以用when替代before如：We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang.我们刚到学校铃声就响了。5有时还有

30、“宁愿”的意思，如：Id shoot myself before I apologized to him.我宁死也不向他道歉。6用于Itbe/take时间段before句型时若主句是一般时将来时态，从句用一般现在时。若主句是肯定句，意思是“要过多长时间才”；若主句是否定形式翻译成“用不了多久就”。如：It will be two weeks before everything returns to normal.两周之后一切才能恢复正常。若主句是一般过去时从句也是一般过去时。若主句是肯定句，翻译成“多长时间之后才”，若主句是否定形式，翻译成“没过多久就”。如：It was some time

31、before I realized the truth.过了很长一段时间我才了解到真相。直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)As is reported，it is 100 years_Qinghua University was founded.(2011四川卷，6)Awhen Bbefore Cafter Dsince解析考查固定句型。Itis/was时间段since从句，表示“自从以来已经有多长时间了”。答案 D(2)The girl had hardly rung the bell_the door was opened suddenly，and her friend rushed out t

32、o greet her.(2010福建卷)Abefore Buntil Cas Dsince解析考查从属连词。句意：“这个女孩几乎没来得及按门铃门就突然被打开了，她的朋友们冲出去欢迎她。”A项意为“在之前”；B项意为“直到时(为止)”；C项意为“当的时候”；D项意为“自从以来”。选A项。B、C、D三项在从句中不合逻辑，故排除。答案 A(3)You cant borrow books from the school library_ you get your student card.(2009上海卷)Abefore Bif Cwhile Das 解析考查连词，该句的意思是：在你得到你的学生卡之

33、前你不能从学校图书馆借书。所以选before。答案 A.品句填词1People who cant d_between colors are said to be colorblind.2An a_change in the weather resulted in the breakout of flu.3We thought Mary would pass and John would fail，but contrary to e_it was the other way round.4 British Aerospace has built a scanner that m_damage t

34、o the ozone(臭氧)layer.5The cheque is not v_if it is not signed by the finance director.6The_(应用)of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually makes jobs easier to do.7Would it be_(方便)for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport?8Television is such a means t

35、hat it keeps us informed about _(当前发生的)events.9Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，thus creating a_(稳 定 的)environment.10 When we plan our vacation，mother often offers_(实际的)suggestions.答 案1.distinguish2.abrupt3.expectations4.monitors5.valid6.application7.con

36、venient8.current9stable10.practical.短语识境call up；set about；in case；hang on；out of order；dive into；get through；ring off；fill in；a matter of1We_a coffee shop to avoid the rain.2Im sorry，but Ive to_now.I have a train to catch.3They have sent us another form to_.4Planning a project is just_working out th

37、e right order to do things in.5I dialed several times，but I just couldnt_.6He was overlooked when they_choosing a new manager.7_at your present job until you can get another.8My clock was_and woke me up at 3 this morning.9The smell of the sea_happy memories of my youth.10 Youd better write the telep

38、hone number down_you forget.答案1.dived into2.ring off3.fill in4.a matter of5.get through6.set about7.Hang on8.out of order9.called up10.in case.翻译句子1我明天不方便去看望你。(be convenient for)_2他忍受不了人们在他吃饭的时候吸烟。(cant bear doing)_3那张照片唤起了他童年时代的一些回忆。(call up)_4我们着手打扫房子。(set about doing)_5他到底是怎么通过驾驶考试的？(get through)

39、_6由于很害羞，他不敢开口邀请她一起去看电影。(being shy)_答案 1.It wont be convenient for me to see you tomorrow.2He cant bear people smoking while hes eating.3The photograph called up memories of his childhood.4We set about cleaning the house.5How did he ever get through his driving test?6Being very shy，he couldnt ask her

40、 to go to the movies with him.1短文的长度为250300个单词。2重语境，轻语法。只有通过文章情节及语境才能正确作答。3考查实词多，虚词少。实词指名词、动词、形容词、副词等；虚词指连词、介词、冠词等。4生词量有增无减，构词法要求更高。5长句增多，结构复杂。长难句解析及写作素材集锦After a car accident I was put into the hospital.The doctors_1_the major damage done to my body but I didnt care to see anyone or talk to anyone.

41、_2_，the nurses had been good，always leaving my door closed.But one morning I was_3_by the sounds of people out.As I pushed the button to call the_4_，I saw a little boy in the hallway.A cast(石 膏)completely_5_his arm，from fingers to shoulder.In his other hand he was_6_a Teddy bear.I heard his mother t

42、elling him to sit and wait_7_she had done.He looked_8_to me and smiled at me.Then without_9_he came running into my room.As I was silently cursing the nurses for leaving my door_10_，the smile upon his face_11_.He stood next to my bed.With his_12_arm he held out his bear which was missing an eye.I la

43、y there，not_13_what he was wanting from me.He said，“This is Teddy.Hes still_14_.Could you keep him here till he gets better？”I_15_and took Teddy.I promised I would take care of Teddy until the time he got better.Just then the boys_16_called him.He looked back and said，“Bye mister，bye Teddy！”and ran

44、out of the room.I sat there_17_Teddy for a long time.The nurse responded to my_18_just in time catching the tears rolling down my cheeks.I have kept Teddy since that day in the hospital.Just recently I sent Teddy to the most_19_person in my life.She has the most incredible_20_.I will join her soon a

45、nd we will keep Teddy for the rest of our lives.1A.removed BoperatedCrepaired Dimproved2A.Luckily BSadlyCSurprisingly DHopefully3A.frightened BcomfortedCshocked Dawakened4A.doctor Bnurse Cservant Dpatient5A.covered BdestroyedCsurrounded Dtrapped6A.hiding Bmaking Cholding Dfixing7A.before Buntil Caft

46、er Dwhen8A.up Bdown Cstraight Dover9A.warning BwhisperingCshouting Dbegging10A.closed Bstill Copen Dbehind11A.thickened BwidenedCweakened Ddeepened12A.great Bheavy Clong Dgood13A.remembering BbelievingCknowing Dexplaining14A.sick Btired Cangry Dsad15A.stood up Breached outCsettled down Dwent ahead16

47、A.sister Bbrother Cfather Dmother17A.blaming BpraisingChugging Dmissing18A.call Border Cletter Dphone19A.clever Bproud Cnoble Dspecial20A.courage BloveCpower Ddetermination【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。由于在一次事故中受伤，作者住进了医院，在医院里，一个小男孩请求他照顾一只生病的泰迪熊，这让作者深受感动。多年来，作者一直保存着泰迪熊，并使之成为家庭和婚姻生活的一部分。1C根据句中的“the major damage”可知，医

48、生治疗了(repaired)作者的身体所受的主要的损伤。repair“补救”符合语境。2A幸运的是(luckily)，护士一直都很好，总是把门关着。3D根据句中的“one morning”可知时间是早晨，所以此处讲作者被外面人们的声音惊醒了(awakened)。4B考查生活常识。医院里应该是护士照顾病人，故作者按按钮是想要护士(nurse)过来，下文中的“the nurses”也有暗示。5A他的一只胳膊完全用石膏包扎(covered)起来了。6C他的一只胳膊受伤，所以是在他的另一只手里拿着(holding)一只泰迪熊。7B作者听到男孩的妈妈让他等着，一直到(until)她做完事情。8D他向作者

49、看过来(over)。根据语境可知，这时小男孩离作者的距离还比较远。over意为“穿过”。9A没有任何警告或迹象(warning)，他跑进了作者的房间。10C作者在责怪护士没有把门关上，也就是让门开着(open)。这与上文中的“leaving my door closed”相照应。11B考查语境中的动词辨析。此处表示他满脸的笑容，故选B。12D由上文中的“Acast(石膏)completelycovered hisarm，fromfingerstoshoulder.”可知，他用那只好的(good)胳膊拿出了泰迪熊。13C考查语境中的动词辨析。作者躺在那里，并不知道(knowing)他想从作者那里

50、得到什么。14 A根 据 上 文 中 的“which was missing an eye”可知，此处表示泰迪还在生病(sick)。15B考 查 语 境 中 的 动 词 短 语 辨 析。作 者 伸 出 手(reachedout)接过泰迪熊。16D根据上文中的“I heard his mother telling him to sit and wait untilshe had done.”可知，就在那时，男孩的妈妈(mother)喊他。17C考查语境中的动词辨析。作者坐在那里，好长时间都在抱着(hugging)泰迪熊。18 A根 据 上 文 中 的“As I pushed the button

51、 to call”可知，此处是讲护士对作者的呼叫(call)给出了回应。19 D根 据 下 文 中 的“She has the most incredible_20_.I will join her soon and we will keep Teddy for the rest of our lives.”可知，作者把泰迪熊送给了他生命中很特别的(special)一个人。20B她拥有爱心(love)。【长难句分析】As I was silently cursing the nurses for leaving my door open，the smile upon his face widened.(Paragraph 3)该句是复合句。其中包含一个as引导的时间状语从句，其中“for leaving my door open”表示原因；主句中“upon his face”用作定语。句意：当我在默默地咒骂护士让门开着的时候，笑容绽放在他的脸上。【写作素材集锦】短语hold out 递出东西句子I promised I would take care of Teddy until the time he got better.我承诺我要照顾泰迪，一直到他康复。单击此处进入活页限时训练