2022版新高考人教版英语一轮复习课时练：36 选修8　UNIT 1　A LAND OF DIVERSITY WORD版含解析.doc

1、课时提能练(三十六) 选修8Unit 1A land of diversityA：知识层面.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)The presidential 1election (elect) will take place next month, which appeals to as many as five 2applicants (apply) for candidates. It is generally accepted that the competition is 3apparently (apparent) more fierce than usual. There are cl

2、ear 4distinctions (distinct) among their ruling ideas. The 5majority (major) of the voters are in favor of the Democratic candidate. There is every 6indication (indicate) that he has more 7thoughtful (thought) ideas about improving peoples livelihood. Besides, he holds an attitude that any 8racial (

3、race) discrimination should be forbidden.B(考查动词)Ma Xianfu 9was elected (elect) as head of township in 1987To lead the villagers to get rich, he even had hairs 10shaved (shave) off to show his determination. He was one of those who first 11grasped (grasp) the countrys policy of opening up to the outs

4、ide world. By 12reforming (reform) the management system, the local companies were booming. Unfortunately, an accident 13occurred (occur), in which Ma Xianfu lost his life. That day, he 14slipped (slip) on the icy road, and then a car ran him over. People from all sides gathered 15to mourn (mourn) t

5、he outstanding leader. After his death, many companies began to slide, 16hiring (hire) fewer and fewer workers. The story 17indicates (indicate) that a good leader plays a vital role in local economic development.C(考查句型)Jack likes exploring the Amazon in Brazil, but he never takes chances; thats 18w

6、hy he has survived while most of his partners havent. He prefers 19to make(make) careful plans in advance rather than risk his life to do things that are bound to fail. Last week, Jack began another trip to the Amazon. First he arrived in 20what is known as Manaus, a city where 21it is believed that

7、 some places of interest are well worth a visit. Province Palace is one of them. 22Built (build) in 1874, this building used to serve as police headquarters. Today, it is home to several different organizations. Jack felt like 23dropping (drop) in at this building before his boat tour to the Amazon.

8、根据提示补全句子 1这个国家的大部分人都住在这个地区。The majority of the population in the country lives/live in this area.2我仍然记得第一次见到珍妮弗的那一天。I still remember the day when I first met Jennifer.3我到家的时候，妈妈已经把晚饭做好了。By the time I got home，my mother had already finished cooking supper.4据说中秋节那天的月亮是最大最圆的。Its said that the moon is t

9、he biggest and brightest on the MidAutumn Day.5大声朗读对我们学习外语来说是非常重要的。Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.B：能力层面.阅读理解AThe bus stops in the Dutch city of Utrecht are as beautiful as they are practical.Now，316 bus stops feature a green roof that adds some life to the city，w

10、hile also storing rainwater，catching dust，and providing some much needed shade during the hot months.This project is good for the honeybee population that is attracted to the plants on the roof.To keep up this successful ecosystem，municipal workers drive around in electric cars，taking care of the mi

11、ni gardens.Another one of the biggest benefits to come out of these green stops is the improved air quality.Smoking，cars，and bacteria all contribute to polluting the air we breathe.These ecofriendly public spaces act as an air purifier (净化器) for urban people，though humans arent the only group that b

12、enefits from them.Utrecht has also made great efforts towards moving their transportation system away from gasguzzling (耗油的) buses.The city has replaced 10 gasguzzling buses with electric buses and plans to have only CO2inactive buses on the roads by 2028The buses have a system that records the driv

13、ers efficiency and comfort levels.Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comfortable the ride is.The city is also one of the most bicyclefriendly places in the world.Roads have been redesigned for cyclists convenience and there is a new stateoftheart bicycle parking area that is located beneat

14、h Utrechts central train station.Utrecht offers incentives(奖励)to keep citizens energized and motivated to live greener lives.Therere even incentives for people to transform their roofs into green roofs too.Achieving the goals of an ecofriendly city takes cooperation and Utrecht is leading the way to

15、 protect our environment.【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了荷兰乌得勒支市对公共交通系统的改造情况。该市通过改造公交车站、使用电动公交车等手段，以进一步减少公交系统对环境带来的负面影响。1What is special about the bus stops in Utrecht?AThey are ecofriendly.BThey can save a lot of energy.CThey are artificially intelligent.DThey can provide power for buses.A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Another one o

16、f the biggest benefits to come out of these green stops is the improved air quality”可知，该市的车站的特别之处在于其非常环保，故选A。2What can we infer about the changes to the transportation system in Utrecht?ANot all buses are gasguzzling at present.BGasguzzling cars have been completely replaced.COnly electric private c

17、ars are allowed on the roads.DBuses have air purifiers fixed on them.A推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“The city has replaced 10 gasguzzling buses with electric buses”可知，该市已经将10辆耗油的公交车换成了电动公交车。由此可以推测出，当前并不是所有的公交车都是耗油的车，故选A。3What might passengers comment on the bus service in Utrecht?ABuses are always too crowded.BBu

18、ses are often behind schedule.CBuses are too big for redesigned roads.DBuses are generally comfortable and safe.D推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comfortable the ride is”可知，司机可以根据所提供的乘车服务的安全和舒适程度来赢得奖品。由此可以推测出，乘客可能会对公交服务表示感到安全与舒适，故选D。4What are people living in Utrecht encou

19、raged to do?AGive up smoking.BCreate gardens on their roofs.CPaint their roofs green.DConsume more honey.B细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Therere even incentives for people to transform their roofs into green roofs too”可知，该市还有为将屋顶改造成绿色屋顶的人们提供的奖励。由此可知，B项符合文意。B(2020深圳市普通高中第二次测试)East Africa is experiencing the worst de

20、sert locust(蝗虫) outbreak in decades.Climate events have accelerated the breeding of the pest across the region，and with a sudden rise in the locust population expected in coming weeks，urgent actions and funds are needed to prevent a human crisis.Twenty million people in six of the eight East African

21、 countries most affected by an ongoing desert locust outbreak are at risk of serious food insecurity.Considered among the most destructive of moving pests，an adult locust can consume 2g of plants per day，affecting crops and grasslands.A group typically holds 20 to 150 million locusts per square kilo

22、meter and can move hundreds of kilometers per day，invading areas covering millions of square kilometers.An active group，therefore，can destroy crops and grasslands within a very short period of time.That global warming could increase the risk of the desert locust crisis was proposed over ten years ag

23、o，and in February，the UN SecretaryGeneral Antnio Guterres stated that the current outbreak is linked to the effects of climate changewarmer seas mean more cyclones(旋风) generating the perfect breeding ground for locusts.The outbreak has its origins in 2018，when a series of cyclones in the Arabian Pen

24、insula(阿拉伯半岛) enabled the warm and wet conditions the desert locust requires for breeding in remote regions.Though our focus here is migration west，dreadful outbreaks of the desert locust have been experienced to the east.The situation is going out of control.A rescue operation and financial support

25、 need no delay.The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has put an immediate price tag of US $138 million for rapid response and immediate actioncontrolling the spread of the desert locust and safeguarding livelihoods.They say the maths is clear：about half the funding is needed for supervision，gr

26、ound and sky control，and uniting efforts；the other half is needed for livelihoods and food security of farmers.They have called on the international community to act now through funding.However，by the end of February，just US $69 million had been promised.This most alarming crisis has developed and i

27、s worsening in East Africa.The funds needed to control the situation become very difficult to achieve and the gap is a big concern.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了东非蝗灾的抗灾资金严重短缺的情况及蝗灾的其他相关情况。5Why does the crisis happen in East Africa?AThere is a big population there.BThere are large deserts and grasslands.CAfrica lies

28、to west of the Arabian Peninsula.DClimate good for breeding plays a role.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Climate events have accelerated the breeding of the pest across the region，and with a sudden rise in the locust population expected in coming weeks”及第三段中的“the UN SecretaryGeneral Antnio Guterres stated that the c

29、urrent outbreak is linked to the effects of climate changewarmer seas mean more cyclones(旋风)generating the perfect breeding ground for locusts”可知，有利于蝗虫繁殖的气候发挥了作用。故选D。6Why does the writer list those figures in Para.2?ATo warn of the terrible damage caused by locusts.BTo help us understand how locusts

30、 live.CTo show how many locusts there are now.DTo draw a picture of present Africa.A推理判断题。根据第二段中列举的数据可以看出，东非蝗灾影响的国家多、人数多及蝗灾的危害大。由此可推知，作者列举那些数据的目的是告知蝗虫造成的严重破坏。故选A。7What can we know from the text?AThe crisis is not noticed until recently.BMore money is needed to prevent the crisis.CThe crisis has been

31、 the focus of the world.DLocusts are all from the Arabian Peninsula.B细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has put an immediate price tag of US $138 million” “However，by the end of February，just US $69 million had been promised”并结合最后一段的内容可知，抗击蝗灾需要很多资金，然而，资金缺口却非常大。故选B。8Which is th

32、e best title for the text?AKilling locusts before too lateBGlobal warming，a world problemCThe funding gap for the locust crisisDAfrica，a crisisstricken placeC标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了东非蝗灾的抗灾资金严重短缺的情况以及导致蝗灾爆发的因素和其带来的严重后果。故C项最适合作本文标题。.完形填空(2020山东师大附中模拟)My son was playing with a bottle of soapy water.Dip th

33、e loop in the bottle，pull it out，and blow it to make bubbles.He understood the principle but was vainly 1 to blow bubbles.He would dip and dip，and blow and blow，but alas，no 2 .He 3 me the bottle and loop and asked me，“Daddy，can you make bubbles？”I hadnt blown bubbles in years.I am a 4 by education，f

34、airly welltrained in surfactant(表面活性剂) technology.However，all that knowledge was completely 5 I was having no more 6 than my son.I dipped and puffed， 7 no bubbles.After several 8 attempts，I changed strategies. 9 puffing on the loop of soapy water，I just gently breathed on it.My son 10 with delight a

35、s a big beautiful bubble formed and 11 away.I explained to him，“Son，you cant blow hard.You must ever so 12 breathe on the loop to make bubbles.”He 13 his urgent desire to make big bubbles by blowing hard and followed my advice.Big bubbles!There are some things that you can get with 14 ，but other thi

36、ngs only 15 from the gentleness of a soft breath.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者通过和儿子一起吹泡泡，领悟了不是所有东西都是通过蛮力就能得到的道理。1Atrying BmanagingCexpectingDactingA根据上文He understood the principle及设空处前的vainly可知，作者的儿子是了解了方法之后试着去吹泡泡，try意为“尝试；努力”，故选A项。manage意为“设法做成”；expect意为“预料；期待”；act意为“行动”。2AchangesBbubblesCresultsDdropsB根据上文My so

37、n was playing with a bottle of soapy water.以及make bubbles可知，作者的儿子在吹泡泡，结合空前的no可知，此处指没有吹出泡泡，bubble意为“肥皂泡”，故选B项。change意为“变化”；result意为“结果”；drop意为“水珠”。3AlentBhandedCthrewDsentB根据下文儿子的请求“Daddy，can you make bubbles？”可知，儿子想让“我”尝试，由此可推知，儿子是将瓶子和环状的泡泡棒递给了“我”，hand意为“递；给”，故选B项。lend意为“借出”；throw意为“扔”；send意为“发出”。4A

38、researcherBprofessionalCchemistDparentC根据下文fairly welltrained in surfactant technology可知，作者是一名化学家，chemist意为“化学家”，故选C项。researcher意为“研究员”；professional意为“专家”；parent意为“父母”。5Aout of dateBof no useCof no benefitDout of curiosityB根据下文I dipped and puffed，_ no bubbles.可知，作者并没有吹出泡泡，所以所学的化学知识对吹泡泡来说并无用，of no us

39、e意为“无用”，故选B项。out of date意为“过时的”；of no benefit意为“没有益处的”；out of curiosity意为“出于好奇心”。6AtrialBconfidenceCpatienceDsuccessD根据上文语境和下文no bubbles可知，作者没有吹出泡泡，所以并没有比儿子更成功，success意为“成功”，故选D项。trial意为“试验”；confidence意为“自信”；patience意为“耐心”。7AevenBthusCsomehowDstillD根据上文可知，儿子没有吹出泡泡，结合后文no bubbles可知，作者仍然没有吹出泡泡，still意为

40、“仍然”，故选D项。even意为“甚至”；thus意为“因此”；somehow意为“以某种方式”。8AfruitlessBtoughCunwillingDaccomplishedA根据下文I changed strategies可知，作者之前的尝试都没有成功。fruitless意为“没有成果的”，故选A项。tough意为“艰苦的”；unwilling意为“不情愿的”；accomplished意为“技艺高超的；熟练的”。9ADespiteBWithoutCOnDExceptB根据下文I just gently breathed on it可知，此处表示作者没有再像刚才一样用力吹气，without

41、意为“没有”，故选B项。despite意为“尽管”；on意为“在上”；except意为“除了”。10AscreamedBnoddedCrushedDflewA结合上文语境可知，父子俩试了很多次，但吹泡泡都失败了，根据后文with delight可推测出，当吹出泡泡的时候，儿子应该是开心地尖叫起来，scream意为“尖叫”，故选A项。nod意为“点头”；rush意为“急速行进”；fly意为“飞”。11AmeltedBfloatedCburntDranB根据自然原理可知，吹出的泡泡会在空中飘动，float意为“飘浮”，故选B项。melt意为“融化”；burn意为“燃烧”；run意为“跑”。12As

42、ilentlyBslightlyCeagerlyDgentlyD根据上文gently breathed以及作者终于吹出泡泡可知，此处表示作者告诉儿子要轻轻地吹，为原词复现，gently意为“轻柔地”，故选D项。silently意为“默默地”；slightly意为“略微”；eagerly意为“渴望地”。13AfreedBfueledCcontainedDreducedC根据下文followed my advice可知，儿子听了作者的建议：轻轻地吹，故应是控制了使劲吹泡泡的强烈欲望，contain意为“控制(感情)；包含”，故选C项。free意为“去除”；fuel意为“给加燃料”；reduce意为“减少”。14AbrainBactionCforceDscienceC根据上文父子俩用力吹都没有吹出泡泡可知，此处表示，有些东西可以用力获得，force意为“力量”，故选C项。brain意为“大脑”；action意为“行动”；science意为“科学”。15AsurviveBseparateCjumpDariseD根据上文you cant blow hard可知，作者发现只有轻轻地吹泡泡才能出现，arise意为“产生；出现”，故选D项。survive意为“存活”；separate意为“分开”；jump意为“跳”。