2022版新高考英语一轮复习课时提能练：8 优秀品行正确的人生态度公民义务与社会责任（1） WORD版含解析.doc

1、课时提能练(八).阅读理解A(山东省潍坊市2020届高三期末考试)The sound that woke Damian Languell at 8：15 in the morning was so loud. He assumed it came from inside his house in Wade, Maine. As he got up to investigate, he heard another soundthis one coming most definitely from outside. Looking out of his bedroom window，he noti

2、ced a tree enveloped in smoke about 500 yards away. A car wrapped around the trees base, with its engine on fire.Grabbing buckets of water，he and his wife ran to the crash site. Up close, the accident looked worse. The car was split nearly into two, and the tree was where the drivers seat ought to h

3、ave been, as if planted there. No one should have survived this crash, and yet there was 20yearold Quintin Thompson. His terrified face pressed against the drivers side window, in visible pain.Languell tried putting out the fire with his buckets of water but failed.When the flames got into the front

4、 seats, he knew he had to get the young man out. So Languell opened the cars back door and climbed in. Using a pocket knife hed brought with him, he cut through Thompsons seat belt.Now that Thompson was free, Languell pulled him out and dragged him to safety before the entire car was in flames.It is

5、 empathy that drove Languell to help, just as he said, “My heart goes out to Thompson. When you are that close to that level of hurt, you feel it so directly.” For his heroic action, Languell was added to the list of reallife heroes changing the world.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。达米安早晨被一声巨响吵醒，他向窗外望去，发现外面发生了一场车祸。达

6、米安和妻子展开了施救，成功地救出了司机。达米安也因此被列入了现实生活中改变世界的英雄名单中。1Where was the first sound actually from?AA house on fire.BA car crash.CThe bedroom window.DThe basement.B细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，达米安看到浓烟笼罩着一棵树，一辆车在树下，它的发动机着火了，由此可知，吵醒达米安的是车祸的撞击声。故选B项。2What do we know about Quintin Thompson?AHe saved his car from fire.BHe was

7、successfully rescued.CHe remained calm all the time.DHe was capable of helping himself out.B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，汤普森被带到了安全的地方，故选B项。3Which of the following best explains “empathy” underlined in the last paragraph?AHonesty.BWisdom.CSympathy.DResponsibility.C词义猜测题。根据最后一段中达米安所说的话可知，车祸造成的伤害太严重了，当你近距离接触时，你会有

8、很直观的感受，结合选项可知，应是同情心驱使着达米安前去营救。honesty意为“诚实”；wisdom意为“智慧”；sympathy意为“同情心”；responsibility意为“责任心”。故选C项。4Which words can best describe Damian Languell?ADaring and generous.BCaring and grateful.CCourageous and noble.DAmbitious and reliable.C推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，在车快要完全燃烧时，达米安不顾个人安危爬进车内救出司机，所以他是勇敢且高尚的。A项意为“大胆而慷

9、慨的”；B项意为“关心而感激的”；C项意为“勇敢而高尚的”；D项意为“有抱负并可靠的”。故选C项。B(山东潍坊市2020年4月高考模拟考试)Mom and I were putting the finishing touches to dinner, and my little niece Jessica came in to set the table. Instead of going to the dish cabinet, she went to the pantry where there was a stack of old，mismatched dinner plates on

10、the bottom shelf.When she had set all six plates, she stood back and sighed，“Oh, Grandma, your plates are so beautiful. Ours are all alike！”We had a good laugh about her innocent remark, but as I think back to all those years ago, I believe she was right. Those plates were beautiful.Mom worked for t

11、he local Council on Aging as a housekeeper.She did many of the little things that allowed elderly people to stay in their own homes. Most of her clients got Meals on Wheels, a service in the 1970s. They received a hot lunch and a cold snack to have later in the evening.This is really not very much f

12、ood.Every evening Mom would make togo meals on these mismatched plates covered with aluminum foil, and then deliver them to the people who she knew didnt get enough to eat.It was about ten years before microwave ovens became common，so it was important that the food be on a plate that could be reheat

13、ed in a regular oven. Instead of a cold sandwich and macaroni salad，Moms clients dined on Beef Manhattans，panfried chicken or meatloaf, along with veggies and a piece of pie or cake. Mom and Dad did this even after Mom left her job, and Mom continued after Dads death until all her former clients had

14、 either passed away or moved out.When I was cleaning out Moms house after her death, I kept one as a souvenir (纪念品). That plate is a sweet reminder of the lessons of generosity and caring for ones neighbors that were modeled for me by my parents.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者由家中陈旧的盘子回忆起母亲曾经无私助人的事迹。这些盘子对作者来说有特殊的意

15、义，它们提醒作者要慷慨、关爱邻居。5Why did the author think those plates beautiful?AThey were not all alike.BThey were little Jessicas pride.CThey were collected from different places.DThey were symbols of the parents kindness.D推理判断题。第二段提到“but as I think back to all those years ago，I believe she was right.Those plat

16、es were beautiful”，最后一段中的“That plate is a sweet reminder of the lessons of generosity and caring for ones neighbors that were modeled for me by my parents”说明了盘子蕴含的特殊意义，由此可知，作者认为那些盘子很漂亮，是因为它们是父母慷慨和善良的象征。6What did the authors mother do to earn a living in the 1970s?ABe a housewife.BRun Meals on Wheels

17、.CDeliver food to houses.DDo housework for the old.D细节理解题。本题问的是在二十世纪七十年代作者的母亲是如何谋生的。根据第三段中的“Mom worked.as a housekeeper.She did many of the little things that allowed elderly people to stay in their own homes”可知，作者的母亲是管家，她是靠为老年人做家务来谋生的，故选D项。7Why did the authors mother make togo meals?AIt was her job

18、.BShe was good at cooking.CShe wanted to help beyond her duty.DHer family didnt have enough to eat.C推理判断题。本题问的是作者的母亲为什么做外带食物。根据第三段中的“They received a hot lunch.Every evening Mom would make togo meals on these mismatched plates covered with aluminum foil，and then deliver them to the people who she kne

19、w didnt get enough to eat”和最后一段中的“generosity and caring for ones neighbors”可知，母亲做外带食物并送去给那些吃不饱的人，虽然这超出了她本身的职责范围，但她想帮助他们，故选C项。8What is the best title for the text?APlates of SympathyBA Precious SouvenirCServices for the SeniorDA Kindhearted MotherA标题归纳题。本文由作者的侄女夸赞作者母亲的盘子漂亮开始叙述这些盘子的用途及背后的故事。虽然这些盘子很陈旧、

20、很不匹配，但作者认为它们很漂亮，这是作者赋予它们的特殊意义，因为盘子代表着父母对邻居的慷慨和关心，为后辈作出了榜样。盘子贯穿文章始终，故A项作文章标题最佳。.完形填空(山东省历城第二中学2020年4月高三五校联考)Just a few months earlier, I would never have pictured myself acting in a play in front of two hundred people.If not for my 1 ， Mrs. Sather，I might never have found that opportunity.In the firs

21、t and second grade, I was extremely 2 . It just wasnt in my personality to be very outgoing. I would escape in my writing. Mrs.Sather, always 3 me to write more. I think she was one of the first people to see my inner 4 .One day, she announced our class was going to 5 a play, a takeoff on The Wizard

22、 of Oz. “I need someone to play the lead part of Dorothy.”A few excited hands were 6 .Mine, of course, was not one of them.After school, Mrs. Sather said to me，“Dallas, I was 7 you didnt raise your hand. Youre good at memorizing things, and you have such a sweet personality. Perfect for Dorothy! I h

23、ad you in 8 for Dorothy while writing the play！If you 9 dont want to, though, I wont make you. Its your 10 .”I realized it was time to show the world who I really was. I 11 the role. Fastforward through five months of 12 ， lines memorizing, and costume creating, we were ready.At the end of the play,

24、 when the audience stood and applauded, I knew they were not just 13 for my performance that night, but for the 14 that they knew would come in later years because of my newfound 15 .【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是作者在萨瑟老师的鼓励下，参与了戏剧的表演。最终演出非常成功，作者也重拾了自信。1A.partnerBteacherCparent DclassmateB语境推断。根据第二段萨瑟老师写作课上对作

25、者的鼓励，以及第三段她在班级内宣布演出可推知，她是作者的老师，teacher符合语境。2A.shyBweak CenergeticDambitiousA语境推断。根据下一句“It just wasnt in my personality to be very outgoing.”可知，作者的性格不是特别的外向。由此可推知，此处应表示，在一年级和二年级的时候，作者非常害羞。shy意为“害羞的”，符合语境。3A.recommendedBallowedCencouragedDaccompaniedC语境推断。根据空后的“to write more”和“I think she was one of t

26、he first people to see my inner”以及选项可推知，此处应指萨瑟老师总是鼓励作者多写作。作者认为萨瑟老师看到了自己内心的力量。encourage意为“鼓励”，符合语境。4A.drawbackBpeace CcharacterDstrengthD语境推断。根据空前的“to write more”可知，萨瑟老师总是鼓励作者多写作。结合选项可推知，此处指作者认为萨瑟老师看到了作者内心的力量。strength意为“力量”，符合语境。5A.performBwatch CwriteDenjoyA语境推断。根据空后的“I need someone to play the lead

27、 part of Dorothy.”可知，老师需要有人来扮演主角多萝西。由此可知，此处应表示，她宣布“我们”班级要演一部剧。perform意为“表演”，符合语境。6A.put downBreached outCput upDdrew backC语境推断。根据空后的“Mine，of course，was not one of them.”和下一段中的“you didnt raise your hand”可知，此处应指有人举手，而作者当然不在其中。put up意为“举起”，符合语境。7A.excitedBamused CafraidDsurprisedD语境推断。根据下文的“Youre good

28、at memorizing things，and you have such a sweet personality.Perfect for Dorothy！”可知，萨瑟老师认为作者是扮演这个角色的最佳人选，因此对作者没有举手感到很惊讶。surprised意为“惊讶的”，符合语境。8A.storeBmind CmemoryDcomparisonB语境推断。根据上文萨瑟老师认为作者是扮演多萝西的最佳人选可知，此处指萨瑟老师在写剧本的时候就已经把作者想成多萝西了。have sb.in mind意为“心中已有某人”，符合语境。9A.initiallyBreally CfinallyDspiritua

29、llyB语境及常识推断。根据设空处后的“dont want to，though，I wont make you”并结合常识可知，此处应指如果作者真的不想扮演多萝西，老师也不会勉强她。故really符合语境。10A.turnBchoice CluckDfaultB语境推断。根据设空处前老师的话可知，要不要扮演多萝西是作者的选择，老师不会勉强。由此可知，此处应表示“这是你的选择”。choice意为“选择”，符合语境。11A.acceptedBplayedCcreatedDrememberedA语境推断。根据上文的“I realized it was time to show the world w

30、ho I really was.”可知，作者已经意识到这是向外界展现自己的时候了。故此处应指，作者接受了这个角色。accept意为“接受”，符合语境。12A.practicingBlearningCobservingDcommunicatingA常识推断。根据常识可知，表演戏剧需要经过练习。故此处应指，经过五个月的练习、台词记忆和服装制作，“我们”已经准备好了。practice意为“练习”，符合语境。13A.celebratingBchattingCcheeringDcongratulatingC语境推断。根据空前的“when the audience stood and applauded”

31、可知，观众起立欢呼。故此处应表示，观众不仅是为作者当晚的表演而欢呼喝彩。cheer意为“欢呼”，符合语境。14A.praisesBeffortsCbeliefsDperformancesD复现推断。根据空前的“I knew they were not just. that night”可知，观众不仅仅为作者当晚的表演喝彩；结合选项可推知，此处应指，而是为作者重拾信心之后的表现喝彩。performance意为“表现，表演”，符合语境。15A.skillBconfidenceCinterestDhobbyB语境推断。根据上文可知，作者从一开始不敢举手报名到最后演出成功，是获得了自信。confide

32、nce意为“信心”，符合语境。.语法填空(2019济南八市高三联考)Jin Yong(10 March 192430 October 2018) was a Chinese wuxia novelist，1._ cofounded the Hong Kong daily newspaper Ming Bao in 1959 and served as 2._ first editorinchief.He was one of the most famous writers in China.His wuxia has a widespread following in Chinese comm

33、unities worldwide.His 15 works 3._(produce) between 1955 and 1972 earned him a reputation as one of the greatest and most popular wuxia writers ever.Over 100 million 4._(copy) of his works have been sold worldwide.According to The Oxford Guide to Contemporary World Literature，Jin Yongs novels are 5.

34、_(high) evaluated and are able to appeal to both highbrow and lowbrow tastes.His works have the unusual ability 6._(go) beyond geographical and ideological barriers separating Chinese communities of the world，achieving 7._(great) success than any other contemporary writer.His works 8._(translate) in

35、to many languages so far.There 9._(be) many fans outside of Chinesespeaking areas，as a result of the numerous adaptations of his works into films，television series，comics and video games.Jin Yong is named along with Gu Long and Liang Yusheng as the “Three Legs of the Tripod of wuxia”and the asteroid

36、(小行星) 10930 Jinyong(1998 CR2) is named 10._ him.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名的武侠小说作家金庸的相关情况。1who考查定语从句的关系代词。who在此引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指人。句意：金庸(1924年3月10日2018年10月30日)是中国武侠小说家，1959年他与人共同创办了香港日报明报，并任第一任主编。2the/its考查冠词或形容词性物主代词。序数词前用定冠词the表示特指；也可用形容词性物主代词its。3produced考查非谓语动词。过去分词短语作后置定语修饰works，produce与works之间为逻辑上的动宾关

37、系。句意：他的武侠小说在世界各地的华人群体有着广泛的追随者。1955年至1972年间创作的15部(武侠)作品为他赢得了史上最伟大、最受欢迎的武侠作家之一的美誉。4copies考查名词的复数。由前面的“Over 100 million”可知，此处用复数形式。句意：他的作品在全世界售出了1亿多册。5highly考查词形转换。此处应用副词highly作状语修饰谓语。句意：根据牛津当代世界文学指南，金庸的小说获得高度评价并能够雅俗共赏。6to go考查非谓语动词。动词不定式短语作后置定语修饰ability。句意：他的作品有不同寻常的超越分隔全世界华人群体的地理和意识形态障碍的能力，取得了比其他任何当代

38、作家更大的成功。7greater考查形容词比较级。根据句中的than可知此处应用比较级。8have been translated考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。由时间状语so far可知应用现在完成时；主语His works与translate为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态；又主语为复数，故填have been translated。句意：迄今为止，他的作品已被译成多种语言。9are考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是There be句型，根据就近原则及many fans可知用复数形式；描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填are。句意：由于他的作品被多次改编成电影、电视剧、漫画和视频游戏，有许多

39、(他的)书迷来自说中文的地区之外。10after考查介词。name after是固定短语，意为“以命名”，句中用了其被动形式。句意：金庸与古龙、梁羽生并称为“武侠小说三大宗师”，并且10930 Jinyong(1998 CR2)这颗小行星是以他的名字命名的。.应用文写作假定你是李华，你收到外国朋友Peter的邮件，他想了解你校在新冠肺炎(COVID19)期间线上教学的情况。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1课程设置与授课时间；2你的学习状态；3你的期待。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Peter，Im so glad to he

40、ar from you and know about what you are doing these days. _Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Peter，Im so glad to hear from you and know about what you are doing these days.Im writing to tell you how our schooling is going on now.Actually, we are having elearning at home，studying all the academic an

41、d nonacademic subjects online.The class schedule runs from 8：00 am. to 4：30 pm. on workdays, with more and longer breaks than usual.Personally, Ive got used to online learning, which I think is a creative form of schooling, and also our own way to fight the COVID19.Weve come to realize how important

42、 computers and mobile phones have become to us ! But I really miss the days with my friends and teachers on campus.Thats why I pray for the end of the pandemic every day, and I believe it will come soon.Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021新高考八省联考卷)During this past

43、year，Ive had three instances of car trouble.Each time these things happened，I was sick of the way most people hadnt bothered to help.One of those time，I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep.I put signs in the windows，big signs that said NEED A JACK(千斤顶)，and offered m

44、oney.Nothing.Right as I was about to give up，a Mexican family in a small truck pulled over，and the father bounded out.He sized up the situation and called for his daughter，who spoke English.He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep，so we would need something t

45、o support it.Then he got a saw(锯子) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road.We rolled it over and put his jack on top，and we were in business.I started taking the wheel off，and then，if you can believe it，I broke his tire iron.No worries：He handed it to his wife，and s

46、he was gone in a flash down the road to buy a new tire iron.She was back in 15 minutes.We finished the job，and I was a very happy man.The two of us were dirty and sweaty.His wife prepared a pot of water for us to wash our hands.I tried to put a $20 bill in the mans hand，but he wouldnt take it，so ins

47、tead I went up to the truck and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could.I asked the little girl where they lived.Mexico，she said.They were in Oregon so Mommy and Daddy could work on a fruit farm for the next few weeks.Then they would go home.注意：1续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。When I was about to say goodby

48、e，the girl asked if Id had lunch._After they left，I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag._【参考范文】When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if Id had lunch. I told her I hadnt had lunch because Id been waiting here for help for nearly three hours. The girl said they didnt have lunch either.

49、 She suggested to her parents that we have lunch together. Their truck happened to have some food and some things for the picnic. So we ate together in a vacant lot by the side of the road. During that time, I told about what had happened to me and how I felt. They shared interesting stories about t

50、heir lives in Mexico and on fruit farms. After lunch, the girls mother put a paper bag of fruit in my jeep. I showed my gratitude again and we said goodbye to each other.After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag.There are some delicate fruits in the paper bag. I was surprised to f

51、ind the money I had quietly left them. At the same time, there was a note written by a girl, which read “We are very happy to be able to help you. We have encountered many difficulties and been disappointed. But we met a lot of helpful people, which made us feel very warm. To help others with ones own ability is also a kind of lifting a finger. The beauty of life comes from these lifting a finger. I hope you have a good life and a happy mood.” This made me very moved, and I would try my best to help more people in the future to make our world more beautiful and warmer.