2022届高考英语一轮复习 课时规范练（四十）题型组合练—练速度（含解析）新人教版.doc

1、课时规范练(四十)题型组合练练速度(阅读理解阅读七选五)限时：35分钟单独成册：对应学生用书第362页.阅读理解A(2021武汉毕业班学习质量检测)Have you ever experienced any inconvenience caused by language barriers while travelling? Have you ever thought how awesome those language courses would be if they didnt cost so much money and require so much time?Translaty is

2、 created to serve this purposewithout wasting your money and time on language courses, you can instantly become “fluent” in more than 40 languages with this genius device!What is Translaty?Translaty is a simple yet lifechanging invention that helps you to overcome any obstacles caused by foreign lan

3、guages, whether youre in a business meeting with an international client or sunbathing somewhere on a Spanish beach. This small but ingenious device is able to instantly recognize and translate over 40 different languages, making intercultural communication completely effortless!What languages can I

4、 actually communicate in?Translaty has more than 40 languages preinstalled, so youre able to use it the minute you get it! It provides fast and accurate twoway communication and allows you to install some other languages that you might be missing.What makes Translaty so special?*Makes travelling eas

5、ierforget language barriers and become “fluent” in more than 40 languages.* Helps in businessstrengthening your international business relationships. Its easy when you speak the same language.*Assists in daily lifeallowing you to overcome language differences with your foreign friends.*Convenient an

6、d easy to uselightweight and simple design ensures its there when you need it the most.*Offers 100% accurate, twoway translations.*High sound and recording quality ensure there are no misunderstandings.To sum upget it while you can!语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章向读者介绍了一种小而精巧、质量可靠且能够解决跨文化交际中出现的语言障碍的翻译设备。1Translaty c

7、an help users Abetter understand foreignersBlearn foreign languages wellCspend less in learning a languageDbuild relationships with colleagues解析：推理判断题。由What is Translaty？部分最后一句可知，这种小而精巧的设备能即时识别并翻译40多种不同的语言，它可以让跨文化交际变得毫不费力！故由此推断，Translaty可以帮助用户更好地了解外国人。故选A。答案：A2What is special about Translaty?AIts se

8、cure.BIts strong.CIts reliable. DIts affordable.解析：推理判断题。根据What makes Translaty so special？部分中的“Offers 100% accurate, twoway translations.”及“High sound and recording quality ensure there are no misunderstandings.”可知，Translaty所提供的翻译正确率达到100%，品质非常高，不会造成误解。由此可推知，Translaty的特别之处在于它非常可靠。故选C。答案：C3Whats the

9、 purpose of the passage?ATo report. BTo advertise.CTo appeal. DTo reply.解析：写作意图题。该题问的是本文的写作目的是什么。通读全文内容可知，本文主要向读者介绍了一种小而精巧、质量可靠、能够解决跨文化交际中出现的语言障碍的翻译设备。由此可推知，本文主要是在为这种翻译设备做广告，来让读者购买。故选B。答案：BBMany Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the citys smoggy air, especially when it reaches

10、 critical pollution levels, but one local firm decided that canning (罐装) and selling this poor quality air as a souvenir (纪念品) would be a great idea. Believe it or not, he was right.After seeing a number of companies achieve commercial success by canning fresh air from countries like France, Canada

11、or Australia and selling it in China, Dominic JohnsonHill, a Britishborn citizen of Beijing and owner of the Plastered 8 souvenir shop, decided to turn the idea on its head and sell canned Beijing air throughout China and abroad.“Id seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia

12、, so I thought it was time to push business the other way，” the entrepreneur said.“Theyre perfect gifts! What else are you going to take home when you go home from Beijing? A roast duck? A Plastered Tshirt? These cans are light, portable. You can just imagine someones face when they unwrap (打开) it f

13、or Christmas.”The few mouthfulls of Beijing air come in standard tin cans featuring a couple of city landmarks as well as a bitter description of the contents: “a unique mix of nitrogen (氮气), oxygen and some other stuff”. The ironic (讽刺的) souvenirs cost 28 RMB (US $4) and are available at the Plaste

14、red 8 shop, as well as on its online shop. But if youre actually considering buying some, youd better ask shop in advance, as they are virtually flying off the shelves. JohnsonHill said that his shop is selling hundreds of Beijing air cans every day.Personally, the wellsold can probably is an awaken

15、ing for the public to be concerned about the living conditions. Yet one thing thats not particularly clear is whether the air is really collected from Beijing, as the cans are labeled as “Made in Shenzhen”. Theres a big chance thats just a kind of Plastered 8 humor, as they also list “Choking Hazard

16、” and “May have unidentified objects inside.” as warnings.Anyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment.语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Dominic JohnsonHill在中国和海外销售罐装北京空气，人们对此看法不一，但作者认为无论如何，这可能是唤起公众保护环境意识的一种独特方式。4What contributes to Dominics idea of canning and selli

17、ng the poor quality air?ATry to get used to it.BSell it all over the world.CCan it as a souvenir.DTry to push business the other way.解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“Id seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia, so I thought it was time to push business the other way， the entrepreneur said.

18、”可知，努力把生意推向另一个方向使Dominic产生了制作和销售劣质空气的想法。答案：D5How may one feel when receiving canned Beijing air for Christmas?ASatisfied. BSurprised.CFrightened. DRefreshed.解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的“These cans are light, portable. You can just imagine someones face when they unwrap it for Christmas.”可知，你可以想象某人在圣诞节打开易拉罐时的表情；圣

19、诞礼物一般都是美好的，而一个人收到北京罐装空气作为圣诞礼物一定会感到很吃惊。答案：B6Which of the following can replace the underlined word “stuff” in Paragraph 4?Aliquids BobjectsCminerals Drisks解析：词义猜测题。由第四段第一句可知，锡罐里的北京空气中含有氮、氧和一些其他物质，and表并列，所以stuff是和氮、氧类似的物质，由此可知，画线词词义为“物质”。答案：B7What can we infer from the passage?AThe canned Beijing air

20、may harm people who buy it.BThe Plastered 8 souvenir shop is famous for its humour.CPeople should make efforts to protect the environment.DDominic JohnsonHill likes the poor quality air in Beijing.解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中“Anyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the enviro

21、nment.”可知，无论如何，这可能是唤起公众保护环境意识的一种独特方式，由此可知，人们应该努力保护环境。答案：CC(2021山东六市联合测试)In a new study, researchers analyzed information from more than 18，000 people who provided blood samples. Participants reported whether they exercised regularly, and if so, what type of exercises they typically did. The research

22、ers then scanned participants blood, looking for genes that are tied to an increased risk of obesity (肥胖). Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed to balance this risk.Overall, people who reported doing any type of regular exercises tended to have a lower BMI (体重指数) than thos

23、e who didnt. This was true even among people who were genetically easy to become overweight. But one exercise stood out as the one with the strongest antiobesity effect: jogging. Participants with obesity genes who jogged tended to have a lower BMI than people with similar genetic risk who did not j

24、og.But for those who loathe jogging, fear not: Five other types of exercises were also tied to a lower BMI among individuals at risk for obesity. These included mountain climbing, ballroom dancing and walking. The benefits of these exercises were the biggest among those with the greatest genetic ris

25、k of obesity.Interestingly, several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming. The findings dont mean that these latter exercises cant help with weight control. Its just that they didnt seem to counteract the

26、genetic tendency to gain weight.There could be several reasons for this. The researchers noted that, for the average Joe or Jane, cycling and stretching exercises tend to require less energy than the exercises that were tied to a lower obesity risk. In addition, exercising in water, as happens with

27、swimming, may increase appetite.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外，爬山、交际舞和散步也有利于减小肥胖的风险。然而，骑自行车、做伸展运动和游泳等并不能帮助抵抗肥胖基因风险。8What does the underlined word “loathe” in the third paragraph mean?ADislike. BDisplay.CDisturb. DDiscourage.解析：词义猜测题。画线词后面提供了其他几项抵抗肥胖基因风险的运动。可见画线词所在句的意思是“对于那些不喜欢慢跑的人来说，也不必担心”。故可判断loat

28、he是“不喜欢，讨厌”之意。答案：A9Which exercise has the least effect on balancing obesity genes?AMountain climbing. BBallroom dancing.CRunning slowly. DRiding a bicycle.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling, stretching exercises

29、and swimming”可知，骑自行车不能抵抗肥胖基因风险。答案：D10What does the author indicate in the last paragraph?ASwimming doesnt help one lose weight.BDiving may make a person eat more food.CAverage people put less energy into exercises.DStretching exercises will become popular.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，水中运动可能会增加食欲。潜水属于水中运动，据

30、此可判断潜水可能使一个人饭量增加。答案：B【易错点拨】A项具有较大的干扰性。原因是考生未能正确理解“several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming”，本句的意思是“一些其他类型的运动不能抵抗肥胖基因风险，包括骑自行车、做伸展运动及游泳”。但这并不等于说这些运动没有减肥效果。后面一句话“The findings dont mean that these latter

31、 exercises cant help with weight control”也清楚地说明了这一点。故A项不正确。11Which of the following is the best title?AJogging Less Leads to Genetic ObesityBRegular Exercises Tend to Lower BMICWhether Exercises Balance Risks of Obesity GenesDGenes Are Very Important for Peoples Weight Control解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句、第二段第

32、三句、第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可知，本文主要讲的是运动是否能够平衡肥胖基因的风险，故C项是最佳答案。答案：CD(2021浙江东阳模拟)When early humans killed a mammoth, how did they keep the meat before they could eat it all? We dont know; maybe they didnt. But perhaps they preserved their mammoth steak in salt. However, it is hard to know for sure. We do know f

33、or certain that by 3，000 years ago, the Babylonians, Egyptians, and Chinese were all experts at salting. They used salt to preserve food.For thousands of years, salting was a common way to preserve food. But for a long time, no one knew why salt worked. Then, in the 1800s, a Frenchman named Louis Pa

34、steur discovered the secret: bacteria. What does salt have to do with bacteria? First, bacteria need moisture to grow and multiply. Salt pulls moisture out of food, so the bacteria no longer have enough moisture. Besides, salt is poisonous to many bacteria. If you cover food with salt, bacteria outs

35、ide the food die before they get in, and bacteria already in the food are poisoned by the salt.So how do you preserve food with salt? For meat or fish, you pour a layer of salt, then rub it in well. Hams are often made this way. Another way is to alternate layers of food and salt in a big container.

36、 The salt will draw the moisture out of the food, creating brine (盐水) that the food sits in. Youll need to make sure the brine completely covers the food; otherwise, any food left exposed to the air will spoil. If you preserve cabbage this way, youll make sauerkraut.How well salt preserves food depe

37、nds on how much it is used. The more salt, the longer the food is preserved. Unfortunately, using enough salt to preserve food for a very long time can cause problems. It can make food tough. It can destroy the flavor. And, of course, it can make the food too salty to eat, which is harmful to our he

38、alth.Today, even though we no longer rely on salt to keep our food fresh, we havent lost our taste for salt. We dont want to give up our bacon, salami, and watermelon pickles!语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种常见的保存食物的方法腌制，讲述了腌制中盐所起的作用、如何用盐保存食物以及盐的用量问题。12Why are examples of the ancient people mentioned in the fir

39、st paragraph?ATo make an introduction to the topic.BTo explain our ancestors were very clever.CTo tell us the ancient people had a lot of food to eat.DTo show the ancient people were good at preserving food.解析：写作意图题。文章开头以及下文中对腌制食物这种方法的介绍可知，第一段提到古人保存食物的方法主要是为了引入文章主题。答案：A13What does the underlined wor

40、d “spoil” in Paragraph 3 mean?ABecome more delicious.BBe preserved longer.CGo bad.DBecome extremely salty.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Youll need to make sure the brine completely covers the food”可知，腌制食物时要保证盐水完全覆盖食物。再根据“otherwise”可知，此处说的是与之相反的情况，即如果不按要求腌制食物，结果会不好。再结合生活常识可知，此处是指任何暴露在空气中的食物都会变质。spoil在此处作动词，表示“变坏，

41、变质，腐败”。答案：C14Which of the following does the author probably agree with?AIf you want to make a ham, you should keep it in brine.BIf you want to make sauerkraut, youd better pour a layer of salt and rub it.CTo keep the food longer, you should put as much salt on the food as possible.DPeople neednt gi

42、ve up salty food completely as long as they control the amount.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“we havent lost our taste for salt. We dont want to give up our bacon, salami, and watermelon pickles！”可知，人们没有失去对盐的喜爱，并不想放弃腌制的食物。再结合第四段第一句可知，人们不必放弃腌制的食物，只要控制好盐的用量即可。故选D项。答案：D15Whats the authors purpose in writing the tex

43、t?ATo explain how the ancient people preserved food.BTo tell us how salt works in preserving food.CTo persuade people to give up salty food.DTo introduce the way of preserving food with salt.解析：写作意图题。文章主要介绍了盐在腌制中的作用、如何用盐保存食物以及盐的用量问题，即作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍用盐腌制食物的方法。答案：D【词汇积累】1生僻词&派生词bacteria n细菌moisture n潮气，

44、水分alternate v使交替，使轮流layer n层sauerkraut n泡菜flavor n味道2短语have to do with与有关系be poisonous to对有毒depend on依赖，取决于rely on依赖于taste for.对的爱好.阅读七选五(2021衡水中学一调)Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types of works of art, including paintings, drawings, photographs, sculptures, etc. 16 At the

45、 same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined. 17 The most common form of lighting used to light up artwork is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed.

46、 18 It permits the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting. Recessed (嵌入的) lights in walls and ceilings can be useful so long as they are not fixed in place but can instead be easily moved to create ideal light patterns. Most art gallery directors state that a combin

47、ation of tracked and recessed light equipment is ideal because the tracked lights focus directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source. 19 How to angle the lights depends upon the height of the ceiling and the size of the artwork.

48、 Caution must be taken to avoid creating too many areas with shadows or to have the lights cause a glare on the artwork. Besides, the lights should not be bare bulbs burning directly on the artwork but should be made in some way to make the lighting softer. According to experts, low voltage (电压) bul

49、bs are the best to use when lighting artwork. 20 Thus artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight cant directly hit it.AIt can make the displays attractive.BUsing tracked lighting is beneficial.CLight plays a key role in art galleries.DThis light source can better improve the mood surrounding

50、the work.ETo better improve their appearance, the display area needs to be well lit.FFinding a happy medium between not enough light and too much of it requires considerable skill and experience.GAbove all, natural light should be avoided since direct sunlight will damage artwork, particularly paint

51、ings, over time.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了光线对艺术展览馆及其内部作品的布局产生的影响。16解析：根据下文中的“At the same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light”可知，然而，与此同时，每件艺术展品都需避免被过度暴露在光线下。E项“为了更好地改善它们的外观，展区需要有明亮的光线”与下文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选E。答案：E17解析：上文介绍了展览馆既需要避免光线过强，又需要有明亮的光线；下文介绍了如何确保艺术展览馆有足够的光线及如何防止光线

52、对展品产生破坏。F项“寻找到既有足够的光线而又不会过于明亮的平衡点需要很好的技巧和经验”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。答案：F18解析：根据下文“It permits the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting.”可知，它可以在需要调节光模式时使移动光源变得更容易。B项“使用追光灯是很有用的”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选B。答案：B19解析：根据上文中的“the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source”可知，嵌入式的照明能给展品周围提供光源。D项“这种光源可以更好地改善展品周围的氛围”与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选D。答案：D20解析：根据下文“Thus artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight cant directly hit it.”可知，艺术展品需要放在太阳光不能直接照射到的房间中。G项“最重要的是，要避免自然光，因为直射的太阳光会慢慢地毁坏艺术品，特别是画作”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。答案：G