（新教材）《外研版》20版《高中全程学习方略》必修一课件：UNIT 6 USING LANGUAGE（英语） .ppt

1、Unit 6At one with natureUsing language“介词+which”引导的定语从句【语用功能】在“介词+which”引导的定语从句中,介词的选择,一定要具体情况具体分析,有时候要根据从句的动词来定,有时候也要考虑动词与先行词的搭配,有时候也根据主句的意义来确定。“介词+which”引导的定语从句相对正式,多用于书面语言。【情境探究】观察上面对话,并完成句子:(1)This is the room _he used to live.这就是他住过的房间。(2)This is the room _he used to live in.这是他过去居住过的房间。in whic

2、h/wherewhich/that(3)The school _he once studied is very famous.他曾经学习的那所学校很出名。where/in which【要义详析】引导定语从句时where与in which有时可互换,有时不能互换,注意以下几点:一、关系副词与“介词+which”互换的情形 当“介词+which”在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语时,可以用相应的关系副词when,where和why来替换。1.when根据情况可以等于in which,at which,on which等。如:*The day when(=on which)she arrived w

3、as Thursday.她到的那天是星期四。*July and August are the months when(=in which)the weather is hot.七八月是天气很热的月份。这种替换有时出现在非限制性定语从句中。如:*Well put off the picnic until next week,when(=bythen)the weather may be better.我们将把野餐推迟到下星期,那时天气可能会好一点。2.where根据情况可以等于in which,at which,on which等。如:*This is the hotel where(=in w

4、hich/at which)they were staying.这就是他们当时住的旅店。*Do you remember the place where(=at which)we had lunch?你记得我们吃午饭的地方吗?这种替换有时出现在非限制性定语从句中。如:*The Tower of London,where(=in which)so many people lost their lives,is now a tourist attraction.在伦敦塔中曾有许多人丧命,它现在是旅游胜地。3.why若要换成“介词+which”只能是for which。如:*The reason w

5、hy(=for which)I came here was to be with my family.我到这里来的原因是要跟我的家里人在一起。*My success in business,the reason why(=for which)he dislikes me,has been due to hard work.他为我在事业上的成功而不喜欢我,我的成功归功于我努力工作。但是,反过来,for which并不一定能换成why。如:*The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.他们找寻的文件已经找到了。二、

6、关系副词与“介词+which”不能互换的情形1.有些语境需要用特定的介词来明确其关系,此时若换成关系副词,则会导致意思不明确或句意不通顺。如:*The ladder on which I was standing began to slip.我脚下的梯子开始向下滑动。(句中的on which不能换成where,否则意思不明确)*This I did at nine oclock,after which I sat reading the paper.九点钟时我做这事,之后我坐着看报。(句中的after which不能换成when,否则意思不明确)2.当“介词+which”后面接有被which修

7、饰的名词时,通常不能用关系副词代替。如:*We arrived at noon,by which time the parade was over.我们是中午到的,这时游行已结束。(句中的by which time不能换成when或where,因为which后跟有它所修饰的名词time)3.当“介词+which”并不表示时间、地点或原因时,自然不能换成关系副词。如:*There are three principal routes by which one can drive to North Wales.开车到北威尔士,有3条主要路线可走。(句中的by which不能换成when或where

8、,因为这里的by which并不表示时间或地点,介词by在此表示“通过”)*This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。(句中的about which不能换成when或where,因为这里的about which并不表示时间或地点,介词about在此表示“关于”,所涉及的搭配是argue about)【即学活用】单句语法填空(1)He was educated at a local grammar school,_which he went on to Cambridge.(2)G

9、un control is a subject _which Americans have argued for a long time.(3)Wind power is an ancient source of energy _which we may return in the near future.afteraboutto(4)The English play _which my students acted at theNew Years party was a great success.(5)The journey around the world took the old sa

10、ilor nine months,_which the sailing time was 226 days.(6)Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _which people were eaten by the tiger.inofin(7)She showed the visitors around the museum,_ which the construction had taken more than three years.(8)The place _which the bridge is supposed to be built should be _the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.世纪金榜导学号ofatwhere