山东省青岛市2013高考英语 阅读理解考前训练（4）.doc

1、2013青岛市高考英语（阅读理解）考前训练（4）及答案解析Edward Wilson is Americas，if not the worlds，leading naturalist. In The Future of Life，he takes us on a tour of the worlds natural resources(资源).How are they used? What has been lost? What remains and is it able to continue with the present speed of use? Wilson also point

2、s out the need to understand fully the biodiversity(生物多样性) of our earth.Wilson begins with an open letter to the pioneer in environment(环境) protection，Henry David Thorean. He compares todays Walden Pond with that of Thoreans day. Wilson will use such comparisons for the rest of the book. The problem

3、 is clear: man has done great damage to his home over the years. Can the earth，with human help，be made to return to biodiversity levels that will be able to support us in the future?Biodiversity，Wilson argues，is the key to settling many problems the earth faces today. Even our agricultural crops can

4、 gain advantages from it. A mere hundred species(物种) are the basis of our food supply，of which but twenty carry the load. Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of，which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants a

5、nd animals to enlarge farming areas.At the end of the book，Wilson discusses the importance of human values in considering the environment. If you are to continue to live on the earth, you may well read and act on the ideas in this book.72.We learn from the text that Wilson cares most about .A.the en

6、vironment for plantsB.the biodiversity of our earthC.the waste of natural resourcesD.the importance of human values73.How many species are most important to our present food supply?A.Twenty.B.Eighty.C.One hundred.D.Ten thousand.74.Wilson suggests that one way to keep biodiversity is to .A.learn how

7、to farm scientifically B.build homes for some dying speciesC.make it clear what to eat D.use more species for food75.We can infer that the text is .A.a description of natural resources B.a research reportC.a book review D.an introduction to a scientist答案 72.B 73.A 74.D 75.C*结束 (第*篇)Next time a custo

8、mer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when youre doing your holiday shopping online, make sure youre holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation (感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions those are

9、 the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.Psychologists have known that one person s perception (感知) of another s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trump

10、ing evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness.Classic studics by Harry Harlow, published in 1958

11、, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlows work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy ad

12、ults with normal social skills.Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal.Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm”， or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in d

13、ozens of countries.To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the studys hypotheses (假设) , handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while

14、 the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of“Person A”based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink

15、.“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly，” says Bargh.语篇解读最近的心理学研究发现，人们对“温暖”或者“寒冷”的感受可以改变人们的情感。5According to Paragraph 1, a person s emotion may be affected by_.A. the visitors to his officeB. the psychology lessons he hasC. his physical feeling of coldnessD. the t

16、hings he has bought online解析细节理解题。由文章第一段的第三句话可知，温暖的感觉激发温暖的情感，而冷饮在手则会阻止你做出不明智的决定，因此可以说一个人的情感可能会受到冷的感觉的影响。答案B6The author mentions Harlow s experiment to show that_.A. adults should develop social skillsB. babies need warm physical contactC. caregivers should be healthy adultsD. monkeys have social rel

17、ationships解析细节理解题。在试验中，猴子喜欢去靠近布制的“妈妈”而不喜欢“金属线”做的“妈妈”。这使心理学家们强调养育者应该让孩子们多接触一些令人感觉温暖的东西，以帮助孩子们成长为有正常社交技能的健康的成年人，故B项正确。答案B7In Bargh s experiment, the students were asked to_.A. evaluate someone s personalityB. write down their hypothesesC. fill out a personal information formD. hold coffee and cold dri

18、nk alternatively解析细节理解题。由文中倒数第二段中的“After that，the students were asked to rate the personality ofPerson Abased on a particular description.”可知选A。在试验中，学生被要求评价某人的性格。答案A8We can infer from the passage that_.A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiencesB. feelings of warmth and coldness are

19、 studied worldwideC. physical temperature affects how we see othersD. capable persons are often cold to others解析推理判断题。全文都在论述人们对“温暖”或“寒冷”的感觉可以影响人们对事物的评价。因此，物理温度会影响我们看待他人的方式。因此选C。答案C9What would be the best title for the passage?A. Drinking for Better Social RelationshipsB. Experiments of Personality E

20、valuationC. Developing Better Drinking HabitsD. Physical Sensations and Emotions解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是人们对物理温度的感觉对人们情绪的影响，D项概括性比较强。答案D*结束(第*篇)14 days from just 2,090 ppFully inclusive from the UKPrice covers: International airfares, departure taxes, fuel charges, local transportation, accommodation, all me

21、als, entrance fees, guides, daily tours and visas for UK citizens.Days 1 3: UK ShanghaiFly to the great city of Shanghai and in the evening sample traditional Shanghai food. Visit the beautiful Yu Gardens, Old Town, Shanghai Museum, cross the Great Nanpu Bridge and tour the Pudong area. Also explore

22、 Xintiandi with its 1920 s style Shikumen buildings and end your stay in Shanghai with an amazing Huangpu River evening tour.Days 4 7: Shanghai Yangtze River TourFly to Yichang and change (approx: one hour)to board your Yangtze River ship for the next four nights. Enjoy a tour of the Three Gorges Da

23、m (三峡大坝)before sailing on the grand Yangtze River, passing through the impressive Three Gorges. We take a side trip to the Lesser Three Gorges or travel up the Shennong Stream in a peapod boat and enjoy various shore trips along the way.Day 8: Chongqing ChengduGet off in Chongqing and drive to Cheng

24、du for an overnight stay.Days 9 10: Chengdu XianVisit the famous Panda Reserve to see the lovely animals.We then fly to the historic city of Xian for two nights stay and enjoy traditional Shui Jiao. Next day, explore one of the most important discoveries of the 20th Century the Terracotta Warriors(兵

25、马俑) ，followed by the ancient City Wall and a performance of Tang Dynasty dancing.Days 11 13：Xian BeijingVisit Little Wild Goose Pagoda and see the ancient objects at the wellknown Shaanxi Provincial Museum before walking through the lively Muslim Quarter to see the Great Mosque.Later fly to Beijing

26、for three nights stay and try Peking Duck.During our stay in Beijing, we stroll through Tiananmen Square to the Forbidden City, the largest and best preserved collection of ancient buildings in China, and visit the Summer Palace. Next day we take a walk on the Great Wall, tour the unique Temple of H

27、eaven and enjoy an attractive Chinese Acrobatic Show.Day 14: Beijing UKFly back to the UK, arriving home later the same day filled with happy memories.语篇解读本文是一则广告，介绍到中国旅游的一些日程安排。1The underlined word “sample” in the passage probably means “_”A. buyB. reserveC. taste D. make解析词义猜测题。该句说的是飞抵上海，在晚上应该是“品尝

28、”传统的上海食物。其他选项明显不符合句意。答案C2The first and last scenic spots to be visited in Xian are_.A. the Terracotta Warriors and the Great MosqueB. the Terracotta Warriors and Shaanxi Provincial MuseumC. Little Wild Goose Pagoda and the Great MosqueD. Little Wild Goose Pagoda and the Muslim Quarter解析细节理解题。依据Days

29、910：ChengduXian这个部分可知，在西安最先看的景点是兵马俑；再依据Days 1113：XianBeijing可知，离开西安前看的景点是the Great Mosque(清真寺)。答案A3Which of the following is TRUE according to the ad?A. Tbe tourists will have to pay extra for fuel and meals.B. The tourists will visit the 1920s Shikumen buildings in Beijing.C. The tourists will take

30、 a side trip to the Three Gorges Dam during the tour.D. The tourists will stay in Beijing for three nights before leaving for the UK.解析细节理解题。依据Days 1113：XianBeijing这个部分的内容可知，游客要在北京呆三个晚上，所以选D。答案D4The ad is mainly intended to_.A. encourage the British to travel in ChinaB. attract the British to traditional Chinese foodC. offer services of booking air tickets to touristsD. provide the British with a better understanding of China解析写作意图题。这是一则广告，把旅游的日程安排以及中国的文化古迹、人文地理及美食介绍给英国游客，自然目的是A。答案A。*结束