2021届高考英语一轮复习：七选五专题集训---历史文化类 WORD版含解析.doc

1、1、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The world is an interesting place. Different people like different things. Some people like loud music. Other people dont. _1_Many people like sports, but they do not all like the same sports. in some countries, cricket(板球运动) is a very popular sport,

2、 in others it is not popular at all. No one plays it or watches it on TV. However, most people like soccer. The world cup is very popular. _2_Different people like different foods. Some people do not like meat. _3_. Some people do not like potatoes or bread. They prefer rice._4_ most people have the

3、ir favorite colors. Some people like bright colors. Others prefer pale colors.Many people like traveling. Different people like different places. Some people like to go to the country. They like the fresh air. Some people like to go to the cities. Because they like shopping. _5_What do you like? Hav

4、e you got an idea?A. they like soft music.B. not everyone likes the same color.C. millions of people watch the games on TV.D. different people like different kinds of pets.E. they eat fruit and vegetables most of the time.F. so they dont raise pigs in their countriesG. some other people enjoy beauti

5、ful places like the mountains or beaches.2、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 My name is Aaron and Im 16 years old. _Its always sunny here, and we have lots of beaches _Often, the temperature reaches 40 degrees! Seasons in Australia are different from seasons in many other countries. Summers

6、here go from December to February. Our winter is from June to August. _. I dont have to wear shoes! We wear shorts and go to the sea every day. How nice it is! On a windy day, I can ride the waves on my surfboard. _It is difficult, but very good exercise. My mum and dad often come and watch me surf.

7、 _But there are always so many people on the beach. He can never get a good picture of me. I hope to be a great surfer one day. I will work hard and practice every day.A. Summer is my favorite season.B. I live in Sydney.C. Surfing is very popular here.D. Our summers are always very hot.E. The winter

8、 here is very cold.F. My dad likes to bring his camera and take pictures of me.G. Taking pictures is very interesting.3、Cats in ancient EgyptMany of us love cats. They are beautiful, soft, clever and loving. The ancient Egyptians(埃及人) considered cats, also known as Mau, to be very important. They ho

9、nored them with great respect. _1_ For one thing, cats helped people by keeping their homes free of mice, rats, and snakes. Without cats Egypt could not have been the important grain-growing(谷物种植) center that it was. _2_ Though I dont know what other pets the Egyptians had, cats were probably the mo

10、st important. Cats were also trained to help hunters. _3_ The Egyptians loved cats so much that Bast, an Egyptian goddess, was pictured in the form of a cat. Bast appeared in artwork. She was the protector of the house. This idea made a special connection between cats and children. _4_ The safety of

11、 all cats was of great concern to ancient Egyptians. _5_ Foreigners sometimes took cats out of Egypt secretly and took them to other lands. Egyptian soldiers were sent to pick up cats found in other countries and bring them back home to Egypt. A. There were good reasons for that. B. Two types of cat

12、s appeared in ancient Egypt. C. In grain fields, cats helped catch rats and mice. D. They were able to help pick up the wounded birds. E. There were even laws against getting a cat out of Egypt. F. Anyone who killed a cat on purpose would be put to death. G. Thats why most Egyptian families had cats

13、 for good luck. 4、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 October 9 is World Post Day. This day is the anniversary of the Universal Postal Union, which stalled in 1874. Its also an occasion for promoting letter writing. With electronic communication being the most popular way to stay in touch, let

14、ter writing is a dying art._ A serious writer of letters makes an effort that a person sending an email does not make. Its a civilized act that the recipient (接受者) is deeply respectful of._About a male character in her novel Villette, Charlotte Bronte wrote that his letter to his beloved ones was it

15、self an expression of love一He sat down and took a pen and paper, because lie loved Lucy and had much to say to her, because he was faithful and thoughtful, because he was tender(温柔的) and true.” Bronte was still writing letters in the 1850s when communication was becoming modern, but it was nothing l

16、ike todays._If people moved to another land, they might never heard from again. Receiving a letter, therefore, was a special event. Between family and friends, there was a sign of love and affection._Imaginethat your best friend had gone to study in another country. To have a letter the postman give

17、 you fromthat person would make that day a very special day indeed. Perhaps all of your friends would gather to read the letter from him or her in another country. Perhaps we should try to recover letter writing._ Find some beautiful paper and a fine pen and compose your mostbeautiful Chinese or Eng

18、lish letter. Your friend will appreciate it, and, with any luck, shortly after, youll receive a letter back.A.However, letters dont deserve to die.B.However, such an art has a long history.C.Why not write and send a friend a letter?D.It was also a joyful event to receive a letter.E.It can be a treat

19、 to receive a letter from your family.F.This is especially the case with letters sent to your close friends or beloved ones.G.If people were separated from each other, there could have been silence between them for years.5、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every culture has its own ways to sh

20、ow friendship. 1._. In the language of the Hawaiians who first settled the islands long ago, aloha had a very special meaning. That is “to be with happiness” Hawaiians believe that once somebody loves the land, they are ready to love their people or community（社区）. 2._. It is called lokahi in the Haw

21、aiian language, which means “oneness with all people”. To enjoy the land you should not be selfish. The land is for everyone who lives on it. Today many different peoples call Hawaii their home. Indeed, Hawaii is a place where people make one big community from many smaller communities. Each person

22、gives kokua (help) to other people so that all feel stronger. It is believed that the islands can be a paradise（天堂）when people live in peace. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea. 3._. So when the people of Hawaii talk about ohana (family), they

23、are really talking about all those who live on the islands. Living in peace, Hawaiians have developed a third sign of friendship. 4._. The lei, a string of flowers, is put over a friends neck. Then the friend is given a kiss on the cheek. Visitors to the islands are also given leis. 5._. Aloha also

24、means “goodbye”, so visitors will hear it again when they leave. It can also mean “our hearts singing together”. Perhaps this is how most visitors will remember their new friendship. A. This is the second most important sign of friendship.B. So are the Hawaiians to show their understanding of friend

25、ship.C. When problems happen, people are asked to solve them with understanding.D. On the islands of Hawaii, friendship is part of the “aloha spirit.E. They are treated as the most honoured guests of the islands.F. When they hear aloha, visitors begin to feel at home.G. This personal friendship is s

26、hown by giving leis to one another.6、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。 Hollywood movies are regularly filled with sex and violence. They can be exciting films but sometimes all you want is a 1ittle 1ight-hearted entertainment. Have you heard of Bollywood? All singing, all dancing and unreali

27、stic, it is the perfect alternative to normal Hollywood movies. Bollywood is the Indian film industry, based in Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay. _ 1_ Yet Bollywood is the largest producer of films in the world. This year the Indian Film gets Awards, Bollywoods Oscars, turn 50 years old. The typical

28、 Bollywood movie usually has the following ingredients(组成成分): a cup of romance, a tea-spoon of comedy, a dash of international sight-seeing, served with a huge slice of singing and dancing. There will also be one brave hero, one beautiful heroine and one bad guy. _ 2_. Bollywood films are full of id

29、eal things and free of daily worries. _3_ The actors change clothes and locations within a single song. But the audience dont mind. To Indian movie lovers, especially the poor, such films are a gateway to heaven and the stars are their gods. The films take them to a magical world away from their eve

30、ryday troubles. The films tell them the impossible is possible and that true 1ove conquers all. _4_Behind the beautiful scenes, Bollywood still emphasizes(重视) traditional family values. In most films, if two lovers want to break an arranged marriage, they cant just run away. They must win over their

31、 parents. Bollywood is a decent(正派的) refreshing replacement for those over-stimulating(评价过高的) Hollywood films. _5_They will take you to a brighter, cheerier and more colorful world where its still cool to dance around a tree and sing a love song. A. Bollywood has gradually won its reputation(名声) on

32、the world stage. B. There is never any mention of politics, poverty or war. C. Most Chinese schoo1 kids have probably never seen an Indian film. D. Bollywood films are mostly comic romances with 1ight-hearted incidenta1(附带的) music. E. Bollywood pays great attention to traditional values.F. The resul

33、t is a fun-filled musical. G. So if youre tired of all that Hollywood actions, check out the following Bollywood films.7、Black Friday in the United StatesBlack Friday is the day after Thanksgiving Day in the USA, falling on the Friday after the fourth Thursday in November._.Many people have a day of

34、f work or choose to take a day from their annual leave on Black Friday. Some people use this to make trips to see family members or friends who live in other areas or to go on vacation. Shopping for Christmas presents is popular on Black Friday. Many stores have special offers and lower their prices

35、 on some goods, such as toys.Public life_.Many people take a day off on the day after Thanksgiving Day. Many organizations also close for the Thanksgiving weekend.Public transit systems may run on their normal schedule or may have changes. Some stores extend their opening hours on Black Friday _.Bac

36、kgroundBlack Friday, the day after Thanksgiving Day, is one of the busiest shopping days in the USA _One theory is that the wheels of vehicles in heavy traffic on the day after Thanksgiving Day left many black marking on the road surface, leading to the term “Black Friday”.The other theory is that t

37、he term “Black Friday” comes from an old way of recording business accounts _Many businesses, particularly small businesses, started making profits before Christmas. Many hoped to start showing a profit, marked in black ink, on the day after Thanksgiving Day.More recently, Black Friday has been expo

38、rted to nations outside of North America such as the United Kingdom by major online retailers like Amazon or Apple. In 2011, IBM reported online Black Friday sales were up by 24.3%, according to a study that includes 500 retailers.A. Peoples activities.B. History of Black Friday.C. Losses were recor

39、ded in red ink and profits in black ink.D. A busy shopping day is a holiday in some states.E. There can also be jams on roads to popular shopping destinations.F. There are two popular theories as to why it is called Black Friday.G. Black Friday is not a federal holiday but a public one in some state

40、s.8、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenever we talk about holidays, my mother teases my sister and me about how we make out like robbers. She is referring to the fact that we are half Jewish and half Indian， so we receive gifts on both the festivals of lights： Hanukkah and Diwali. _Hanukka

41、h is celebrated on the 25th day of the Jewish month， which is usually sometime in December. On Hanukkah， like most Jewish families，we light a menorah and say a prayer each night. _ After that, it is a tradition for my sister and me to do hot and cold ，for our hidden Hanukkah gifts. When we walk towa

42、rds the gift, our parents say hot and when we walk further away，they say cold. _ Another part I like about this holiday is seeing family members who we do not see often. My aunt usually stays for a few days, and we sometimes visit other relatives._ To celebrate Diwali，my family does a pooja，or praye

43、rs，in honor of the goddess Lakshmi. Since she is the goddess of wealth and prosperity, the pooja includes washing silver coins in milk and water. In India, people decorate their houses withlamps, similar to the way you might light up your house for Christmas. My family just places a few candles outs

44、ide. We also set off firecrackers, which is my favorite part. We often do this activity with friends to add to the excitement._ We celebrate them in different ways， yet they both have the same meaning. They both translate into Festival of Lights, and they both mean family and presents for me!A. We a

45、lso say a special prayer on the first night.B. Both holidays have different histories and stories.C. We each receive one present every night of Hanukkah.D. The lively atmosphere fills every household and street.E. Though my mother teases us，I do not mind getting two sets of gifts!F. People also enjo

46、y all sorts of entertainment， including watching performances of foreign art forms.G. Diwali is celebrated on the 13th day of the dark fortnight of the month of Ashwin ( October/ November).9、Earth is home to around 7,000 languages, around half of which are expected to disappear by2100.Languages disa

47、ppear for many reasons. Sometimes younger generations stop leaming a language because parents want children to fit in._Native American children of the late-19th century were required to attend boarding schools where educators forbade them from speaking their native languages.The United Nations ranks

48、 endangered languages according to their risk level. For example, a critically endangered language is one that even grandparents don t speak often. New York s Onondaga language is an example with only 50 speakers left. An extinct language has no speakers. It is gone forever. Alaska s Eyak language i

49、s one example._In the same way, different languages contribute to cultural diversity. Saving theselanguages benefits our understanding of other cultures. Languages can show how a society looks at the world and what it values. A language may describe something in a way that is funny , too. In Welsh ,

50、 it rains not cats and dogs , but old wives and walking sticks.The Endangered Language Alliance wants to save languages from disappearing._However,its efforts are limited. If an endangered language is going to make a real comeback, it ll probably get its start in schools. For nearly 100 years, publi

51、c schools in Hawaii did not teach theHawaiian language. Now students can keep learning in Hawaiian from elementary schools to college and beyond._At least one did. In 1881, a Jewish linguist named Eliezer Ben-Yehuda brought the 3 ,000-year-old language Hebrew back to life. Today it is one of the off

52、icial languages of the country of Israel,with more than 4 million speakers.A. The last person who spoke it died in 2008.B. Why should we save endangered languages?C. Various animals and plants benefit our environment.D. With just 5 speakers left,it is absolutely endangered.E. Can a language with zer

53、o native speakers come back to life?F. Sometimes societies force minorities to give up their language.G. The nonprofit group finds native speakers and records their stories.10、The night the Titanic sankFrom a high place on the ship, Fred Fleet, who worked on the Titanic, saw the iceberg just a few h

54、undred meters away. He rang the bell to warn the people driving the ship._1_Soon after that, one passenger, Major Peuchen, noticed that the ship wasnt straight in the water. But nobody listened to him_2_Another shipthe Californian was about 30 kilometers north of the Titanic. When the Californian sa

55、w the iceberg, it stopped. It also sent a radio message to warn other ships in the area. At about 11: 15, the Californian s radio operator turned off the radio, and went to bed. The Titanic sent a message back giving its position -wrongly!_3_Soon after midnight, the crew(船员) of the Californian saw r

56、ockets going up into the sky from the Titanic. Their captain said, “Fireworks!_4_” The radio wasnt turned on again, and the Californian didnt move. At 12: 25 am on the Titanic, people began to get into the lifeboatsAt 2: 20 am on April I5th the Titanic finally sank. Another ship, the Carpathia, hear

57、d the Titanics last call for help._5_At 4: 10 am, the Carpathia saw the Titanic s lifeboats floating on the dark water, and rescued the survivors. Later, the Californian turned the radio back on, and heard that the Titanic had sunk.A. The accident happened at about 11: 40.B. Everyone was very proud

58、of the TitanicC. The passengers of the Titanic are having a party.D. It was 58 miles away, but it raced to help the ship.E. But it was travelling too fast to stop, and it hit the iceberg.F. Before the accident, the Titanic had received an ice warning.G. A lot of people stayed on the ship instead of

59、trying to escape.答案1、答案：ACEBG解析：略2、答案：B; D; A; C; F解析：略3、答案：ACDGE解析：1. A。由下文的For one thing, cats helped . and snakes,Without cats Egypt . center that it was和Cats were also trained to help hunters可知,作者对古埃及人喜爱猫的原因进行了分析,故选A项。 2. C。由该空前的Without cats Egypt . center that it was可知,要是没有猫来帮助消灭老鼠的话,古埃及不可能成为重要

60、的谷物种植中心,故选C项。3. D。由该空前的Cats were also trained to help hunters可知,D项内容符合此处语境。4. G。由该段所讲述的守护神Bast可知,在古埃及很多家庭都饲养猫以求好运,故选G项。5. E。由该空后的Foreigners sometimes took cats out of Egypt secretly和Egyptian soldiers . bring them back home to Egypt可知,应该有法律规定不许将猫带出埃及,故选E项。 4、答案：1. A2. F3. G4. D5. C解析： 写信也是一门艺术。在通讯日益发

61、达的今天,写信的人越来越少了,作者介绍了信的重要性，号召人们传承这一古老的艺术。1.A However, lettersdont deservetodie.与前一句构成转折关系,引出后边的内容。2.F第二段举了个写信的例子,F项符合本段内容,可作为本段主题句引出这个例子。3.G G项与空格后一句构成平行句式,且内容相符,故选G。4.D分析本段内容可知D项是对本段的总结,D项中的a joyful event与本段中的a very special day相呼应,故选D。5.C Why not write and send a friend a letter?承接上句提出的观点,并引出下文。5、答案

62、：DACGF解析：略6、答案：CFBEA解析：略7、答案：A; G; E; F; C解析：略8、答案：1-5:EACGB解析：【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了光明节和排灯节这两个节日的庆祝方式和意义。1.E【解题思路】空格前提到作者妈妈嘲笑他和他妹妹会在光明节和排灯节这两个节日里都得到礼物。根据第一段第一句中的“teases”和本段内容可知，E项“尽管妈妈嘲笑我们，但是我并不介意得到两份礼物”承接上文，与上文紧密衔接，符合语境。故选E。2.A【解题思路】空格前提到在光明节，就像大多数犹太家庭一样，我们每晚都会点上烛台进行祷告。根据空格前一句中的“prayer”可知，A项“在第一个晚

63、上我们也会进行特别的祷告”进一步说明了作者一家人进行祷告的情况，与上文紧密衔接，符合语境。故选A。3.C【解题思路】空格前提到作者他们每天晚上会玩找礼物的游戏，C项“光明节的每天晚上我们每个人都能够收到一份礼物”与上文紧密衔接，符合语境。故选C。4.G【解题思路】本段主要介绍了排灯节的情况，空格处是本段的主旨句，再结合空格后一句中的“To celebrate Diwali”可知，G项“人们在10月或11月的黑暗两周的第十三天庆祝排灯节”符合语境，且和第二段第一句的结构一致。故选G。5.B【解题思路】上文介绍了光明节和排灯节的庆祝方式，空格后提到“我们”以不同的方式庆祝这两个节日，然而它们却有相

64、同的意义。根据空格后一句中的代词“them”可知，B项“这两个节日有不同的历史和故事”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。9、答案：F; A; C; G; E解析：1.由第二段内容可知,整段都在说明语言消失的原因,所以小题1也是在陈述语言消失的原因。故F选项切题。2.由.An extinct language has no speakers. It is gone forever. Alaska s Eyak language is one example.可知,已经灭绝的语言没有说种这语言的人了。它永远消失了。阿拉斯加语言就是一个例子。所以小题2说的是:说这种语言的最后一人死于2008年,这种语言也

65、就永远消失了。 符合对前文的解释。故A选项切题。3.由第三段可知,第三段主要在讲述人们受益于不同种的语言。再由in the same way可知,小题3在讲述各种动植物有益于环境,以此说明多种语言也有益于人类。故C选项切题。4.由The Endangered Language Alliance wants to save languages from disappearing.可知,这个濒临灭绝语言联盟希望挽救这些即将消失的语言。小题2要说明他们具体的做法。故G选项切题。5.由 At least one did. In 1881, a Jewish linguist named Eliezer

66、 Ben-Yehuda brought the 3 ,000-year-old language Hebrew back to life. Today it is one of the official languages of the country of Israel, with more than 4 million speakers.可知,至少有一种语言做到了。在1881年,一位名叫Eliezer Ben-Yehuda的犹太语言学家使这个有3千年历史的希伯来语复活。今天,它是以色列的官方语言之一,有400多万使用者。所以通过回答和举例说明,我们可以判断出小题5要问“没有人说的语言能复活吗?”。故E选项切题。10、答案：EFACD解析：略