广东省湛江市2021届高三上学期调研测试英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、湛江市2021届高中毕业班调研测试题英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATaj Mahal,IndiaTaj Mahal means “Crown of the Palaces. Its co

2、nstruction began in 1632 and took 21 years,and the total cost came out to 32 million rupees, which equals more than eight hundred million USD. The project was overseen by a board of architects led by Ustad Ahmad Lahauri.Hungarian Parliament Building,HungarySeven years after the city of Budapest was

3、established, the parliament of Hungary, called the Hungarian Diet, wanted a building constructed to represent the nations sovereignty(主权） The buildings construction, which took 19 years to complete, required 100,000 people and included 40 million bricks,500,000 precious stones,and 88 pounds of gold.

4、Chateau de Chambord,FranceThe mixture of French medieval and Renaissance architecture took 28 years to complete (though never fully) and originally served as a hunting lodge for King Francis I. Although the structure was considered to be designed by Domenico da Cortana, it is said that Leonardo da V

5、inci was also involved.Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral. RussiaThe oldest landmark in Russias St. Petersburg is also the location of the worlds tallest religious bell tower at 122 meters tall. The cathedral was built between 1712 and 1733,designed by Domenico Trezzini under the ruler of the Russian e

6、mpire at the time, Peter the Great.1. Why was Hungarian Parliament Building built?A. To provide the king with a place to live in.B. To show the power of the nation.C. To serve as a hunting place.D. To be a landmark.2. Which of the following took the longest time to build?A. Taj Mahal.B. Hungarian Pa

7、rliament Building.C. Chateau de Chambord.D. Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral.3. Where is the worlds tallest religious bell tower?A. In India.B. In Hungary.C. In France.D. In Russia.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文分别介绍了印度的泰姬陵、匈牙利议会大厦、法国香波堡、俄罗斯的圣彼得和保罗大教堂的建筑历史及特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hungarian Parliament Buil

8、ding,Hungary(匈牙利议会大厦)”小标题下的“Seven years after the city of Budapest was established, the parliament of Hungary, called the Hungarian Diet, wanted a building constructed to represent the nations sovereignty.(布达佩斯市成立7年后，匈牙利议会希望建造一座代表国家主权的建筑)”可知，匈牙利议会大厦是代表国家主权的建筑。因此，匈牙利议会大厦的建造是因为B项“To show the power of

9、the nation.(以显示国家的权力)”符合题意，故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一小节“Taj Mahal means “Crown of the Palaces. Its construction began in 1632 and took 21 years(泰姬陵是指“宫殿的皇冠”。其建设始于1632年，历时21年)”以及第二小节“The buildings construction, which took 19 years to complete(该建筑建成历时19年)”以及第三小节“The mixture of French medieval and Renaissan

10、ce architecture took 28 years to complete(法国香波堡是中世纪和文艺复兴时期建筑的结合，用28年时间才完成)”以及第四小节“The cathedral was built between 1712 and 1733(大教堂建于1712年至1733年间)”可知，泰姬陵历时21年完成，圣彼得和保罗大教堂历时19年完成，法国卢瓦尔河香波城堡用了28年建成，圣彼得和保罗大教堂花了21年建成，其中，法国香波堡的建成历时时间是最长的。因此，以下需要最长的时间来建造的是C项“Chateau de Chambord(香波堡)”符合题意，故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。

11、根据最后一段“The oldest landmark in Russias St. Petersburg is also the location of the worlds tallest religious bell tower at 122 meters tall.(俄罗斯圣彼得堡最古老地标也是世界最高的宗教钟楼所在地，高122米)”可知，俄罗斯圣彼得堡是世界上最高的宗教钟楼。因此，世界上最高的宗教钟楼所在地是D项“In Russia.(在俄罗斯)”符合题意。故选D项。BAfter watching Stanfords graduation celebration online,Farr

12、ow took to social media to announce the milestone to her followers. “I graduated from college today. First-generation, low-income, and first from my tribe(部落)to graduate from Stanford, she posted.The message quickly attracted thousands of likes and comments. Farrow said she was shocked by the sudden

13、 fame. “I didnt know how to react,” she said. So, I kind of kept it a secret for as long as I could. But that proved to be easier said than done.Farrows home is on the Umatilla Indian Reservation in the countryside of Oregon. The reservation is small and home to about 3,500 members of the Confederat

14、ed Tribes of the Umatilla. Growing up there wasnt always easy. Few residents attend college, and many are low-income and face health challenges.Like most reservations in the United States,we have a lot of health disparities（差异）that range from mental health, physical health and spiritual health, she

15、said.I wanted to break that cycle for the betterment of myself and the future generations and my community. Growing up, Farrow threw herself into academics and school activities. She attended a local tribal high school and earned the Gates Millennium Scholarship,a full academic scholarship for minor

16、ity students.At Stanford, Farrow majored in psychology with a concentration in health and development. She had initially planned to pursue a medical career and become a doctor but has decided to apply to graduate school this fall to pursue a masters degree in public health. She hopes to spend her ca

17、reer working to improve health outcomes for local people.Farrow said her experience in the reservation has provided a solid foundation for her future. “I will remember the four years I spent at Stanford and Im really excited to see what is next, she said.4. Why was Farrows graduation unusual?A. Farr

18、ow kept it from others.B. It was broadcast on social media.C. It received considerable attention.D. Farrow failed to attend its celebration.5. What can we know about Farrows hometown?A. Its a backward area.B. Its a vast reservation.C. It lacks access to education.D. It takes health very seriously.6.

19、 Whats Farrows plan for her next step?A. To become a doctor.B. To further her studies.C. To start working in her hometown.D. To earn a graduate school scholarship.7. What is the best title for the text?A. No Pains,No GainsB. The Road to a Key UniversityC. Stanford Graduate Shocked the WebD. Breaking

20、 Limitation, Attaining Success【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自俄勒冈州乡村的Umatilla印第安人保留地的Farrow凭借自己的努力顺利从斯坦福大学毕业的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The message quickly attracted thousands of likes and comments. Farrow said she was shocked by the sudden fame.”（这条消息很快吸引了数千人点赞和评论。法罗说，她对这一突如其来的名声感到震惊。）可知，Fa

21、rrow在社交媒体上发布了自己毕业的消息后，得到了很多的喜欢和评论，她自己也感到很震惊，使得她的毕业很不同寻常。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Few residents attend college, and many are low-income and face health challenges.”（居民中几乎没有人上大学，许多人都是低收入人群，面临着健康方面的挑战。）和文章第三段“Like most reservations in the United States,we have a lot of health disparities（差异）that range f

22、rom mental health, physical health and spiritual health, she said.I wanted to break that cycle for the betterment of myself and the future generations and my community.”（她说:“像美国大多数保留地一样，我们在心理健康、身体健康和精神健康方面存在着很多差异。我想要打破这种循环，为了我自己、子孙后代和我的社区更好。”）可知，在Farrow的家乡很少有人上大学，收入很低且面临很多健康问题，因此可以推断其家乡比较落后。故选A。【6题详

23、解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“has decided to apply to graduate school this fall to pursue a masters degree in public health”（决定今年秋天申请研究生院攻读公共卫生硕士学位）可知，Farrow打算继续深造。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“I wanted to break that cycle for the betterment of myself and the future generations and my community.”我想要打破这种循环，为了我自己、子孙后代和我的社

24、区更好。本文主要介绍了来自贫困落后地区的Farrow从小努力学习获得奖学金,后成功从Stanford毕业，并且决心继续深造，因此D“突破局限，获得成功”为短文的最佳标题。故选D。CA shark that walks in water instead of swimming might sound strange. However, that is precisely how the four new species of the fish-found in the waters of the Indo - Australian islands-move across the seafloor

25、. The unique ocean animals were discovered by a team of scientists,led by Dr.Christine Dudgeon from Australias University of Queensland.The newly-found species belong to the genus Hemiscyllium, the same family as the previously known five species. At less than a meter long on average, much shorter t

26、han most known species,walking sharks are incredibly cute little animals and present no threat to people. They have all evolved(进化） to survive in low oxygen environments, enabling them to hunt during low tides. The researchers believe their ability to live in low oxygen environments gives them a rem

27、arkable advantage over the unsuspecting smaller animals they mainly feed on.A DNA analysis of skin piece from the live fish suggests that walking sharks broke away from their swimming brothers and sisters about nine million years ago and became a distinct species. Though that may appear to be a long

28、 time ago, it is relatively recent given that sharks have been around for more than 400 million years. In fact, Dudgeon and her team believe walking sharks are the youngest kind of sharks on Earth!The scientists say that the sharks small number and shallow habitat make them extremely vulnerable to n

29、atural disasters and overfishing.Three of the nine walking shark species, all of which live in the waters off Northern Australia,eastern Indonesia, and near the island of New Guinea, are currently on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List,which lists species at risk. Dudgeon and

30、 her team believe sensible conservation management plans are urgently needed to protect the walking sharks and other endangered animals from further threats.8. Whats a characteristic of the newly-found shark species?A. Theyre dangerous to human.B. They swim across the seafloor.C. They can survive wi

31、thout oxygen.D. Theyre smaller than many other species.9. What can we infer from the third paragraph?A. People have long known walking sharks.B. Walking sharks are the oldest of their kind.C. Researchers learn a lot from the sharks habitats.D. Walking sharks are closely linked to swimming sharks.10.

32、 What does the underlined word “vulnerable in the last paragraph mean?A. Easy to be hurt.B. Hard to get along with.C. Fond of attacking.D. Picky about the environment.11. Whats the purpose of the text?A. To educate.B. To inform.C. To advertise.D. To argue.【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了

33、一个科学家小组发现了新物种行走鲨鱼，进而介绍了这种鲨鱼的一些特点，这是地球上最年轻的一种鲨鱼。鲨鱼数量少，栖息地浅，这使它们极易受到自然灾害和过度捕捞的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At less than a meter long on average, much shorter than most known species, walking sharks are incredibly cute little animals and present no threat to people. 行走鲨鱼平均不到一米长，比大多数已知物种都要短得多，它们是一种非常可爱的小动物，对人

34、类没有威胁。”可知行走鲨鱼比许多其他物种都小。故答案为D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A DNA analysis of skin piece from the live fish suggests that walking sharks broke away from their swimming brothers and sisters about nine million years ago and became a distinct species. 对活鱼皮肤的DNA分析表明，行走的鲨鱼大约在900万年前脱离了它们的游泳兄弟姐妹，成为了一个独特的物种。”可以推断出行走鲨鱼

35、与游泳鲨鱼DNA相似度很高，以至于科学家推断出行走鲨鱼大约在900万年前脱离了它们的游泳兄弟姐妹，由此推知，行走鲨鱼和游泳的鲨鱼有着密切的联系。故答案为D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前一部分中的“the sharks small number and shallow habitat鲨鱼数量少，栖息地浅”、后一部分“natural disasters and overfishing自然灾害和过度捕捞” 和下文“. are currently on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List,which list

36、s species at risk. 目前被列入了国际自然保护联盟的濒危物种红色名单。”可以推断出鲨鱼数量少、栖息地浅使其很容易受到自然灾害和过度捕捞的威胁，进而成为濒危物种，回到划线词所在句子,对照分析,可知划线词有“容易受到威胁、伤害等”意思。故答案为A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“However, that is precisely how the four new species of the fish-found in the waters of the Indo - Australian islands-move across the seafloor. The uniq

37、ue ocean animals were discovered by a team of scientists,led by Dr.Christine Dudgeon from Australias University of Queensland.”（然而，这正是在印度-澳大利亚群岛水域发现的四种新鱼类在海底移动的方式。这种独特的海洋动物是由澳大利亚昆士兰大学的克里斯汀达吉恩博士领导的一个科学家小组发现的。）结合全文内容，可知文章的主要内容是：一个科学家小组发现了新物种行走鲨鱼，进而介绍了这种鲨鱼的一些特点，这是地球上最年轻的一种鲨鱼。鲨鱼数量少，栖息地浅，这使它们极易受到自然灾害和过度捕

38、捞的影响。结合文章的主要内容,可知本文是一篇说明文，故文章的写作目的主要是说明、告知。故答案为B。DAs a greenhouse gas,carbon dioxide-or CO2-helps warm the atmosphere. But too much of that gas has been driving an atmospheric fever. Recently, a team of researchers found a way to turn CO2 into a useful product. The researchers are turning CO2 into e

39、thanol(乙醇) which is often added to gasoline. Although adding ethanol reduces the energy in gasoline, it offers a nice tradeoff: it helps gasoline burn more cleanly. So making ethanol from CO2 would be better for the environment.To do that, the researchers developed a brand-new catalyst(催化剂)which cou

40、ld accelerate the chemical reaction. With it, the voltage(电压)needed to start the new CO2-to-ethanol reaction is far less than whats needed to start similar reactions. And although chemical reactions often make many unwanted byproducts, this new one does not. More than 90 percent of the final product

41、 is ethanol.The new catalyst uses a bed of carbon to support copper atoms(铜原子).Those copper atoms are spread out. When electricity runs through the catalyst,copper atoms join up, forming groups of 3 or 4 atoms. By firing powerful X-rays at them, the research team could “monitor the chemical reaction

42、 as it happens”. Those atom groups activate the catalyst, helping the CO2 react with water. The CO2 now divides into carbon and oxygen atoms. And the water divides into hydrogen and oxygen atoms. All of these freed atoms now rearrange themselves to form ethanol.Although many scientists describe the

43、new process as “very cool”, they are still a bit skeptical. “A closer look at the reaction is needed,” chemist Anna Klinkova says. “It could be more complex than what is presented.” The researchers are continuing to experiment with the new process. They also hope to make other useful materials from

44、carbon dioxide. “Thats why the new study isnt a final step,” a researcher says. “This is just the beginning of this long research journey. ”12. Why is ethanol added to gasoline?A. To make driving less costly.B. To turn CO2 into clean energy.C. To reduce the gasoline consumption.D. To lessen the harm

45、 of gasoline burning.13. Whats the advantage of the new catalyst?A. It gives off little CO2.B. It is environment-friendly.C. It increases the output rate.D. It lowers the voltage in the reaction.14. How can researchers observe the reaction process?A. By using X-rays.B. By dividing CO2.C. By joining

46、up copper atoms.D. By rearranging the atoms in CO2.15. Whats Anna Klinkovas attitude to the new process?A. Supportive.B. Doubtful.C. Negative.D. Particular.【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B【解析】本文是说明文。研究人员将二氧化碳转化为乙醇添加到汽油中帮助汽油更清洁地燃烧，用二氧化碳制造乙醇对环境更有利。文章介绍了这种新催化剂的工作原理和对此不同的观点。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Although addin

47、g ethanol reduces the energy in gasoline, it offers a nice tradeoff: it helps gasoline burn more cleanly”(虽然加入乙醇减少了汽油中的能量，但它提供了一个不错的折中:它帮助汽油更清洁地燃烧。)可知在汽油中添加乙醇是为了让汽油清洁燃烧，减少汽油燃烧的危害。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“And although chemical reactions often make many unwanted byproducts, this new one does not. More

48、than 90 percent of the final product is ethanol.”(虽然化学反应经常会产生许多多余的副产品，但这个新的催化剂不会。90%以上的最终产品是乙醇。)可知新催化剂的优点是提高了产出率。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“By firing powerful X-rays at them, the research team could monitor the chemical reaction as it happens.”(通过向它们发射强x射线，研究小组可以监测化学反应的发生)可知研究人员通过使用x射线来观察反应过程。故选A。【15题详

49、解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Although many scientists describe the new process as very cool, they are still a bit skeptical.”和Anna Klinkova所说的“A closer look at the reaction is needed”可知尽管许多科学家称这个新过程“非常酷”，但他们仍然有点怀疑。Anna Klinkova认为还需要更仔细地观察这个反应。由此推知Anna Klinkova对新过程持怀疑态度，故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项

50、中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Green Living Solutions for Small BudgetsThere are plenty of major environmental changes you can make when you have an unlimited budget. _16_ Make a few small, inexpensive changes to cut your carbon footprint and save some money in the process._17_ It might make the bigges

51、t eco- change. Living in the smallest amount of square footage that works for your family means youll need less heat, have room for less stuff, and are more likely to find a home in an urban area that lets you live without a car.Want to cut your home utility bill(水电账单）？_18_ Wear another sweater to s

52、tay cozy even after you drop the temperature a few degrees. You can also invest(投资） in a high-tech system that will automatically adjust the heat when youre out of the house. Its costly but can save your money in the long run.Maybe selling your car altogether isnt entirely practical, but cutting out

53、 the number of trips you take in it is an easy way to save money. Invest in a used bike,buy a public transit pass, and plan your weekend trips according to neighborhoods. _19_Growing all your food can end up being a major investment. _20_ Spend a few dollars on seeds and dirt, and youll have fresh a

54、nd free vegetable dishes.A. Then turn down the heat.B. Just keep it simple and affordable.C. But not all the big impacts come from big spending.D. Each can help you save on gas and other related costs.E. This has proved effective in various aspects of your life.F. The most effective way is to start

55、with the size of your home.G. But even a small garden can help you cut your budget on food.【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于小预算的绿色生活解决方法。【16题详解】空前一句讲的是在预算充足的情况下，人们可以做很多改变环境的事情。空后一句讲在节约资金的情况下做出小的改变。C项“但并非所有的重大影响都来自于巨额支出”能将空前后句的意思衔接起来，与前一句形成转折关系，引出下文用少量的预算作出改变的话题。故选C项。【17题详解】空处位

56、于句首，是本段主题句，根据本段最后一句“Living in the smallest amount of square footage that works for your family means youll need less heat, have room for less stuff, and are more likely to find a home in an urban area that lets you live without a car.(居住在适合你的家庭的最小面积意味着你需要更少的热量，拥有更少的空间来放置更少的东西，而且更有可能在市区找到一个可以让你不用汽车生活

57、的房子)”可知，本段主要介绍房子小一点会帮助人们节约，因此F项“最有效的方法是从你家的大小开始”符合语境，故选F项。【18题详解】本段主要介绍节约水电杂费，结合空后一句提到温度调低后，人们可以再穿一件毛衣保暖可知，空处应是讲述节约用电，把供暖系统温度调低，因此A项“把温度调低”符合语境，A项中“turn down the heat”与空后一句中“drop the temperature a few degrees”呼应，故选A项。【19题详解】空处位于句尾，是总结本段内容，空前建议了三种具体的出行方式，所以D项“每一种都可以帮你节省汽油和其他相关费用”为总结上述三种出行方式，故选D项。【20题

58、详解】根据空前一句“Growing all your food can end up being a major investment.(种植所有的食物最后会成为一个大的投资)”可知，本段主要介绍自己种植一些食物，结合空后一句中“Spend a few dollars on seeds and dirt(花几美元买些种子和土)”可知，空处应是建议种植少量的食物蔬菜，所以G项“但即使是小的菜园也能帮你减少食物预算”符合语境，故选G项。【点睛】第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最

59、佳选项。Im meeting Mehrab after Im done at the soup kitchen tomorrow. Were going to the museum, my son Stephen informed me.Last week Stephen_21_ a soccer-related purchase. I agreed but reminded him that hed have to _22_it. Since nothing needed doing in the house I suggested that he _23_ for a voluntary

60、job at the soup kitchen in our city.Id volunteered _24_ at the soup kitchen with my son when he was younger. It was a good_25_ to the larger world of our city. Some people who come are _26_ bike messengers. They are able to _27_ house rent only because they get a free _28_ each weekday. Others are h

61、omeless.Although noisy and busy,the kitchen is run _29_,and rules are gently enforced.Sometimes all you do is cutting up roast turkeys. Other times you _30_tables for two hours. Once Stephen handed out vouchers(抵用券）for haircuts and make-up to help people have a sense of _31_ and go to job interviews

62、 _32_.Through the _33_,Stephen deepened his understanding of the city and life.Tomorrow my son will be_34_ at the soup kitchen in the morning and later going to the city museum with his friend. To me, thats what our city is about: being _35_ to its culture on every level.21. A. provedB. reportedC. r

63、equestedD. decided22. A. earnB. reserveC. donateD. value23. A. waitB. applyC. advertiseD. run24. A. organizationB. arrangementsC. adviceD. services25. A. accessB. admissionC. barrierD. solution26. A. easy-goingB. youngC. hard-workingD. poor27. A. chargeB. payC. raiseD. calculate28. A. mealB. rideC.

64、timeD. gift29. A. independentlyB. privatelyC. efficientlyD. publicly30. A. pick outB. break downC. find outD. wipe down31. A. dignityB. dutyC. securityD. purpose32. A. personallyB. frequentlyC. successfullyD. confidently33. A. exercisesB. jobsC. changesD. rewards34. A. cookingB. eatingC. workingD. p

65、artying35. A. devotedB. exposedC. admittedD. attached【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B【解析】本文为记叙文。作者建议儿子并且和儿子一起参加志愿者工作，这不但能够让儿子挣钱买自己喜欢的东西，作者认为更重要的是通过做义工能够接触到各个层面的文化，加深对这个城市和生活的了解。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周，Stephen要求购买足球相关的东西。A. proved证明；B. report

66、ed报告；C. requested请求；D. decided决定。根据后一句中“I agreed”可知，Stephen“请求”买东西。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我同意了，但提醒他必须自己去挣得。A. earn挣得；B. reserve预定；C. donate捐赠；D. value重视。根据下文内容可知，作者要求Stephen去做志愿工作来“挣”钱。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：既然家里没有什么事要做，我建议他到我们城市的施粥场去申请一份志愿者工作。A. wait (for)等候；B. apply (for)申请；C. advertise (for) 登广告征

67、求某物；D. run (for)竞选。做志愿工作需要“申请”。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我儿子还小的时候，我就和他一起在施粥场做义工。A. organization组织；B. arrangements安排；C. advice建议；D. services服务。根据下文可知，作者和Stephen都在施粥场做过志愿服务工作。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个进入我们城市更大世界的很好途径。A. access途径；B. admission进入；C. barrier障碍；D. solution解决方案。根据下文介绍的见闻和工作内容可知，在soup kitchen

68、是更好地了解城市的更广阔的世界的“途径”。故选A。26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到这里来的有些人是贫穷的自行车快递员。A. easy-going随和的；B. young年轻的；C. hard-working勤劳的；D. poor贫穷的。根据下一句“他们能够支付房子租金仅仅是因为他们每个工作日能得到一份免费的饭”可知，这些bike messengers是贫穷的。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们能够支付房子租金仅仅是因为他们每个工作日能得到一份免费的饭。A. charge索费；B. pay支付；C. raise上升，筹集；D. calculate核算。根据下文“Other

69、s are homeless还有的是无家可归的人”可知，此处谈到的人能够“支付”房租，故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们能够支付房子租金仅仅是因为他们每个工作日能得到一份免费的饭。A. meal饭；B. ride搭车；C. time时间；D. gift礼物。结合常识可知，在施粥场能得到免费的饭，故选A。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然厨房很吵很忙，但它运转得很有效率，各项规则都执行有序。A. independently独立地；B. privately私自；C. efficiently有效地；D. publicly公开地。根据前半句的让步状语“Although nois

70、y and busy尽管这里嘈杂且忙碌”可知，作者要表达的是这个地方运行良好。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：其他时候，你会花两个小时擦桌子。A. pick out挑选出；B. break down分解；C. find out查明；D. wipe down擦干净。根据上文“Sometimes all you do is cutting up roast turkeys”对施粥场工作内容的描述可知，此处用“擦”桌子最合理。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stephen曾经发放理发和化妆品的代金券，帮助人们树立尊严，自信地去面试。A. dignity尊严；B. duty

71、义务；C. security安全；D. purpose目的。Stephen做的是助人的志愿工作，因此发放理发和化妆品的抵用券应该是帮助经济困难的人们，让他们可以穿戴整洁，感受到尊严。故选A。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Stephen曾经发放理发和化妆品的代金券，帮助人们树立尊严，自信地去面试。A. personally亲自；B. frequently频繁地；C. successfully成功地；D. confidently自信地。结合常识可知，此处指让无家可归者整洁地去面试，这样他们也会更有自信。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这些工作，Stephen加深了他对这个

72、城市和生活的了解。A. exercises练习；B. jobs工作；C. changes变化；D. rewards奖励。结合上下文可知，此处是指通过这些“志愿工作”，Stephen对这座城市和生活有了更深的理解。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：明天早上我儿子将在施粥场工作，然后和他的朋友去城市博物馆。A. cooking做饭；B. eating吃；C. working工作；D. partying聚会。根据第一段内容可知，Stephen要先在soup kitchen工作后，才跟朋友去博物馆。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这就是我们城市的意义所在:从各个层面

73、接触它的文化。A. devoted致力于；B. exposed暴露，接触；C. admitted承认；D. attached附加。作者感觉自己和Stephen在施粥场工作对城市和生活有了更多的了解，这属于城市的文化；Stephen和朋友去博物馆参观也是感受城市的另外一种文化。所以是“接触这座城市各个层面的文化”，故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。At a gymnasium in downtown Beijing, a group of young enthusiasts are training and p

74、racticing the _36_(tradition) martial art of shuai jiao, which is native _37_China. The style of close combat fighting, also _38_(know) as Chinese wrestling, dates back thousands of years. It _39_(consider) by some experts as the origin of modern throwing sports such as judo. In recent years it has

75、started to regain popularity with martial arts practitioners in the capital.Hu Wannian started practicing shuai jiao at the age of 6. In 2016, he founded a wrestling club, _40_helped him promote the martial art at _41_ open area in his residential complex in Beijing. At first, the tough conditions s

76、topped many parents from _42_(allow) their children to join Hus club. So far, the 62-year-old _43_（train) 50 students.Yang Fan,28,is one of Hus female _44_（student).“Very few girls practice Chinese-style wrestling, she said.But it has _45_（great) improved my athletic ability.【答案】36. traditional 37.

77、to 38. known 39. is considered 40. which 41. an 42. allowing 43. has trained 44. students 45. greatly【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个叫胡万年的老人为了宣扬中国武术，在北京开办了一个武术俱乐部的事情。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：在北京的体育馆，一群年轻的爱好者正在培训练习摔跤这种传统的武术形式，它是源于中国。该空后面是名词martial art ，前面是the，所以应用形容词修饰名词。故填traditional。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：句意：在北京的体育馆，一群年轻的爱好

78、者正在培训练习摔跤这种传统的武术形式，它是源于中国。be native to 是固定搭配，“起源于.”。故填to。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：这种近距离的打斗，也作为中国摔跤而知名，起源于几千年前。分析本句结构可知，know as .短语在句中做状语，应用形容词形式，known 为形容词，“著名的”。故填known。【39题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：它被专家认为是现代投递运动的起源。consider 在句中做谓语，主语it，代指前面的摔跤运动，所以主语与consider是被动关系，根据句意，应该是一般现在时态。故填is considered。【40题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意 ：在2

79、016年，在北京他居住大楼的空旷地带，他成立了一个摔跤俱乐部，这帮助他宣扬了这种武术。分析句意可知，本空指的是前一句中的club，本句前又有逗号隔开，所以推断是非限制性定语从句引导词，在从句中做主语。故填which。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意 ：在2016年，在北京他的居住大楼的空旷地带，他成立了一个摔跤俱乐部，这帮助他宣扬了这种武术。空后是名词 open area，前面是介词at，所以本空应该是冠词，再根据句意，应该是“一个空旷的地带”。故填an。【42题详解】考查非谓语。句意：开始，这种艰苦的条件阻止了很多父母允许他们的孩子加入这个俱乐部。stop sb. from doing sth.

80、 为固定搭配，“阻止某人做某事”。故填allowing。43题详解】考查谓语动词时态。句意：到目前为止，这个62岁的老人已经训练了50个学生。so far 在句中做时间状语，与现在完成时搭配。故填has trained。【44题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：28岁的杨帆是胡的学生之一。前面有one of ，“.之一”，后面要跟复数名词。故填students。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：它已经大大提高了我的运动能力。分析句意可知，great在句中修饰动词improve，故应用副词修饰动词。故填greatly。【点睛】第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 (满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，

81、你校计划在12月的每个周日为学校的外籍学生举办中国菜烹饪课。请你代表学生会写一则通知刊登在校英文报上，内容包括：1.课程目的和内容；2.上课时间和地点；3.报名方式。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。NOTICE_【答案】NOTICETo enrich the foreign students life and offer them a chance to have a taste of China, our school is planning to hold a series of cooking classes for you. Every Sund

82、ay afternoon in December, you can come to the kitchen of the canteen and learn some knowledge and skills of Chinese cooking. Each class will begin at 2 p.m. and last 2 hours.If you are into cooking and Chinese food, dont miss the classes. Send your application to cookinglesson to get a chance. The d

83、eadline is 5 p.m. this Friday.Student Union【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学生会写一则为学校的外籍学生举办中国菜烹饪课的通知。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量使用一般将来时。结构：并列式文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 说明课程目的、内容、上课时间和地点等信息；2. 报名方式及截止时间。第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）offer sb. sth; plan to do; a series of; learn some knowledge and skill

84、s of ; be into doing sth.第三步：连词成句1. To enrich the foreign students life and offer them a chance to have a taste of China, our school is planning to hold a series of cooking classes for you.2. Every Sunday afternoon in December, you can come to the kitchen of the canteen and learn some knowledge and

85、skills of Chinese cooking.3. If you are into cooking and Chinese food, dont miss the classes.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）文章运用表并列补充关系的衔接词：and, if连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1：To enrich the foreign students life and offer them a chance to have a taste of China, our scho

86、ol is planning to hold a series of cooking classes for you.运用了不定式作目的状语，对课程的目的进行了概括。高分句型2：If you are into cooking and Chinese food, dont miss the classes. 运用了if引导的条件状语从句和祈使句结构。第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I stared at the hundreds of jigsaw puzzle(拼图）pieces spread out on the tabl

87、e. “This is going to take a while. ”“Isnt that the point?” My 17-year-old daughter, Julia, said. “To keep us off the screens during the quarantine(隔离）？”“Right,” I said.“Maybe this will take my mind off everything Ive lost,” Julia said. She was a senior in high school, missing the last weeks of schoo

88、l with her friends and teachers. A competition shed worked for all school year was now canceled. Theres uncertainty about her graduation ceremony. Next week, shed celebrate her 18th birthday at home, unable to see her friends. But her biggest worry was for the college scholarship shed applied for. W

89、ith the university closed,the decision had been delayed.She couldnt choose which school to attend without knowing how much financial help shed receive. Her whole future felt uncertain.“Im sorry, honey,” I said, picking up a puzzle piece. When I set it back down, I saw a drop of tear on the table. I

90、looked at Julias damp eyes and immediately put my arms around her, “Julia, you just have to believe its going to work out. “I feel like my whole life is like this puzzle. All the pieces are out of place and I may never get them back together, she said. “If just one piece would go into place, I think

91、 I could handle the uncertainty of the rest. I just need a piece of it. ”Id known since the quarantine started that Julia would struggle with it more than her sisters. Because of her age, but also because of her outgoing personality, staying home would be the hardest for her.“I know its hard when we

92、 cant see the future, but we have to believe in life. Despite the difficulties and setbacks, well figure out everything, just like the jigsaw puzzle,I held her hand and told her.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Over the next several days, our family worked on the puzzle a little bit at a time._T

93、wo days after we completed our puzzle, we got the call._【答案】Over the next several days, our family worked on the puzzle a little bit at a time. Finally, we were down to the final few puzzle pieces. As Julia put one into place, she said, Mom, when we started this puzzle, I also wondered how the piece

94、s of my life would fit together. I still havent heard anything.” I sighed, “We have to just keep believing and keep waiting.”Two days after we completed our puzzle, we got the call. Julia had been awarded a generous scholarship to one of her top choices. As she spoke to the university representative

95、, I hugged her from behind, full of happy tears. When she got off the phone, she threw herself into my arms. “Thank you, Mom,” she cried. At this moment, our jigsaw puzzle is finished. Maybe Julias future-and everyone elses-is still unknown. But we know that the power of belief is working it out, fi

96、tting the pieces of our lives together for good.【解析】【分析】文章以拼图为线索展开，讲述了作者女儿Julia因为隔离在家，错过了与朋友和老师在学校的最后几周。一项她为之工作了整个学年的比赛现在被取消了。她的毕业典礼还不确定。但她最担心的是她申请的大学奖学金。由于大学关闭，决定被推迟。这一切让她感到前途未卜，作者让女儿拼拼图，并且告诉女儿尽管有困难和挫折，我们会解决一切，就像拼图一样。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“在接下来的几天里，我们全家一次一点一点地解决这个难题。”可知，第一段可描写作者和女儿拼拼图时的对话。由第二段首句内容“在我们

97、完成拼图两天后，我们接到了电话。”可知，第二段可描写电话的内容以及经过这件事之后的感悟。2.续写线索：放到合适的位置继续相信和等待获得奖学金泪水里充满了幸福扑进怀里感谢解决3.词汇激活行为类放到位置：place sth. into place/put sth. in a position继续相信和等待：keep believing and keep waiting/continue to believe and continue to wait获得：award/obtain/aquire扑进怀里：threw herself into my arms/put herself into my ar

98、ms解决：work out/figure out情绪类幸福：happiness/delight感谢：be grateful/show ones gratitude【点睛】高分句型1Mom, when we started this puzzle, I also wondered how the pieces of my life would fit together.（how引导宾语从句）高分句型2But we know that the power of belief is working it out, fitting the pieces of our lives together for good.（that引导宾语从句，fitting为现在分词作状语）