英语选修6外研版MODULE 5CLONING课件PPT：（江苏）5-4（42张）.ppt

1、重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地虚拟语气(1)动词的语气表示说话人的态度和看法，可分为陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气用来陈述讲话人认为是事实的事情，有肯定、否定、疑问和感叹等形式。祈使语气用来说明说话人的请求、命令等。虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地如果假设的情况发生的可能性不大，则用虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句分为三种，见下表：假设情况条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反过去式(be的过去式常用were)would/should/migh

2、t/could动词原形与将来事实相反过去式should动词原形were to动词原形would/should/might/could动词原形与过去事实相反过去完成式(had过去分词)would/should/might/could have过去分词重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地If I had time，I would attend the meeting.如果我有时间，我就参加会议了。(与现在事实相反)If I were you,I should seize the chance to go abroad.如果我是你，我会抓住这个出国的机会。(与现在事实相反)If you had ta

3、ken my advice,you would not have failed in the exams.如果你采纳了我的建议，你就不会通不过考试了。(与过去事实相反)If you came tomorrow,we would have the meeting.如果你明天来，我们将召开会议。(与将来事实相反)重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地If it were to rain,we should get wet.要是下雨的话，我们就会淋湿了。(与将来事实相反)If he should not come tomorrow,we should put off the meeting till

4、next Monday.如果明天他不来，我们就要把会议推到下周一。(与将来事实相反)重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地【单项填空】Sorry,I didnt finish my work.If I_ enough time,I_it.Ahad;would finishBhave;could have finishedChad had;would have finishedDhave had;have finished He is not native;if he were;we _this discussion over his identity.Awould not be having B

5、are not havingChad not had Dwill not have重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地答案C由前句可知后句应使用虚拟语气，表示与过去情况相反。if引导的非真实条件句中的谓语动词形式为：had动词ed形式；主 句 谓 语 动 词 的 形 式 为：would/should/might/could have动词ed形式。A考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：他不是本国人，如果他是的话，我们就不会在讨论他的身份问题了。根据were可知，此处为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，而只有A项是虚拟语气主句的结构。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地【单项填空

6、】_strict with me when I was young，I could not be such a successful person now.A.If you are not BIf you were notCWere you not DIf you had not been答案D考查错综虚拟语气。句意：如果在我年幼时你没有对我严格要求的话，我现在就不可能是这么成功的一个人。根据句意可知，此题中主句说的是与现在事实相反的情况，而从句说的是与过去事实相反的情况，所以从句要用过去完成时，故选D，如果采用省略句，其结构应该是had you not been。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思

7、巧学园地重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地【单项填空】_ today,he would get there by Friday.But he wont set off when it is raining.AWould he leave BWas he leavingCWere he to leave DIf he leaves_ listened to the doctor,you _ all right now.AIf you;are BIf you;wereCYou had;would be DHad you;would be重点语法精析解码书面表达

8、勤思巧学园地答案C由语境可知非真实条件从句表示将来不可能实现的事情，故从句 谓 语 动 词 的 形 式 为：过 去 式(be用 were)/should 动 词 原 形/were to 动 词 原 形，如 果 省 略if，要将从句中的were，should，had等提到句首。D根据主句中的时间状语now，可知表示与现在情况相反，故主句中谓语动词的形式为would动词原形。依据语境可知条件句表示与过去情况相反，故条件句中谓语动词的形式为had动词的ed形式，省略if时，要将had提到句首。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地(3)通过上下文的含义，句中往往有b

9、ut，otherwise等。I was very busy yesterday,otherwise I would have helped you.我昨天很忙，不然的话，我会帮助你的。She would have said no.But that she was afraid.要不是她害怕的话，她就会说“不”了。If only I had more money,I could buy the apartment.要是我有更多的钱，我就会买这套公寓了。But for your advice,I could not have done it so successfully.如果不是听了你的建议，我

10、就不会做得如此成功。The change could not have taken place without the opendoor policy.没有开放的政策，就不会有如此大的变化。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地【单项填空】Without water in the world,everything _.Awill die Bwould die Cwould have died Dhas diedThanks a lot.We _the work on time without your help.Ahadnt finished Bdidnt finishCcouldnt have

11、 finished Dcouldnt finish重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地答案Bwithout短语表示非真实条件，故句子使用虚拟语气。因其表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词的形式应为：would动词原形。C根 据 Thanks a lot.可 知 without your help表示非真实条件，故后句中应使用虚拟语气，由语境可知句子表示与过去情况相反，故谓语动词的形式应为：would/should/might/could have动词ed形式。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地议论文【写作任务】假如你是本地报社的一名记者，要对昨天新华中学的学生就“是否允许医学克隆存在？”展开的辩论进

12、行报道，下表是双方理由和辩论结果，请据此写一篇新闻稿。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地【写作内容】正方理由反方理由辩论结果1.医学克隆将会给那些因重病而丧失行动和思考能力的人带来福音；2.医学克隆的操作程序对病人来说将会是万无一失、安全和快捷的；3.67%的美国民众支持医学克隆。1.克隆仍然存在着安全隐患；2.生成医用或研究用的胚胎需要反复的尝试，在这一过程中很多潜在的生命会被无情扼杀。反方说服力稍逊，最终观众投票正方获胜。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地3根据题目要求对辩论情况进行客观报道，准确把握要点。准确运用

13、高级词汇并注意新闻类体裁的语言特点。适当运用复杂结构以提高文章的表述层次。注意篇章的整体处理和语言的连贯，并力求条理清晰、层次分明。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地第二步：提炼要点1medical cloning2support the motion3serious illnesses4procedures would be safe5convincing6to oppose medical cloning7potential lives8a lively discussion重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地第三步：扩点成句1The arguments for medical clon

14、ing were very strongly put by the team supporting the motion.2They argued that people who were losing their ability to move or think because of serious illnesses could be helped by medical cloning.3They explained that the procedures would be safe,quick and with no problems for the patients.4Their ar

15、guments were very convincing.5 The arguments put by the team opposing medical cloning were less strong.They said that the procedures were not yet secure.重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地6They also explained that it took many tries and many potential lives had to be killed to produce one usable embryo for research.

16、7After a lively discussion vote was taken and the side arguing for medical cloning won.重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地【参考范文】Yesterday_there_was_a_very_exciting_debate_at_Xinhua_Middle_School_about_whether_medical_cloning_should_be_allowed_or_not.The arguments for medical cloning were very strongly put by the tea

17、m supporting the motion.They argued that people who were losing their ability to move or think because of serious illnesses could be helped by medical cloning.They explained that the procedures would be safe,quick and with no problems for the patients.They quoted that 67%of American citizens were fo

18、r it to support their idea.Their arguments were very convincing.重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地The arguments put by the team opposing medical cloning were less strong.They said that the procedures were not yet secure.They also explained that it took many tries and many potential lives had to be killed to produce

19、 one usable embryo for research.After a lively discussion vote was taken and the side arguing for medical cloning won.重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地第 3段：However,the others are strongly against it.(反方观点)Their reasons are as follows.In the first place.Whats more.In addition.(列出

20、23个反对的理由)结论：第4段Personally speaking,the advantages overweigh the disadvantages,for it will do us more good than harm,so I support it.(个人观点)重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地常用词汇及结构：1开头可用的表达方式：We have a discussion about.We have had a survey on.2分别论证时用：Opinions are divided on the question.Opinions are mainly divided i

21、nto two groups.Others have different opinions.On the one hand.On the other hand.重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地3 对 某 一 观 点 作 进 一 步 论 证 时，可 用 whats more/besides/in addition/furthermore/moreover等过渡词。4 提 出 多 个 论 据 时，可 用 First.Second.Third.来列举论据。5进行相似的比较时用in comparison，likewise,similarly,in the same manner等。6进行相反的比较

22、时用on the other hand，conversely,whereas,while,instead,nevertheless,in contrast,on the contrary,compared with/to等。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地经典对比选择题(上)1I dont enjoy_fun of others.I dont enjoy_fun of by others.Ato make Bto be madeCmaking Dbeing made答案CD第一句I和make是主动关系，所以用动名词的主动式；第二句I和make是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式。重点语法精析解

23、码书面表达勤思巧学园地2 Something must be done to prevent the river from_.Something must be done to prevent people from_the river.Apollute Bpolluting Cpollute Dbeing polluted答案DB第一句river和pollute是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式；第二句people和pollute是主动关系，所以用动名词的主动式。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地3 He regretted_her the secret because he shouldn

24、t have done so.He regretted _me that he could not do so.Ato be told Bto tell Ctelling Dbeing told答案CBregret to do sth对 将 要 做 的 事 情 表 示 遗 憾 或 道 歉；regret doing sth后悔做了某事。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地4He has given up_us physics because of his illness.What he has given up_ us physics because of his illness.Ais to

25、teach Bto teachCteaching Dtaught答案CA第一句的空后是宾语；第二句What he has given up是主语，is是谓语。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地5The boy who_faces now will be punished.The boy_faces now will be punished.Amade Bto make Cmaking Dis making答案DC第一句有连接词who，所以用句子作定语；第二句无连词，所以用现在分词作定语，表主动。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地6He opened the door and found t

26、he snow _the hill.He opened the door and found the hill_ with snow.A.covers Bcover Ccovered Dcovering答案DC第一句snow和cover是主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语的补足语；第二句hill和cover是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语的补足语。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地7 He was very busy but she wanted to have him _the clothes.He was so busy that he had to have the clothes_.Aw

27、ashing Bwashed Cwash Dto wash答 案CB第 一 句 have sb do sth使某人干某事；第二句have sth done请某人干某事。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地8Do you know the woman _by Jack?Do you know the woman_ Jack?Abeen followed Bfollowed Cfollowing Dfollows答案BC第一句the woman被 Jack跟 踪，所 以 用 过 去 分 词 作 定 语；第 二 句 the woman跟踪Jack，所以用现在分词作定语。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧

28、学园地9This is an important letter.Dont forget_ it this afternoon.Dont look for the letter.You must have forgotten _it this afternoon.A.to post Bposted Cposting Dpost答案ACforget to do sth忘记要做某事；forget doing sth忘记做过某事。重点语法精析解码书面表达勤思巧学园地10The decision was made _soon after the meeting was over.Who was made _the decision soon after the meeting was over?A.to know Bknown Cknow Dknew答 案BA第 一 句 make sb or sth done使 某 人 或 某 物 被；第 二 句 是 sb is made to do sth的句型。