2021届高考英语大一轮复习 课时作业23 Unit 12 Culture Shock（含解析）北师大版.doc

1、课时作业23.阅读理解ANowadays six Amazon Scout delivery robots are rolled out in a pilot program in Snohomish County, Wash. The robots carry meals, groceries and packages to homes and offices in this region just north of Seattle. They have appeared on the sidewalks of London, Beijing and other cities and com

2、munities worldwide. These machines must overcome pedestrian legs, naughty dogs and broken pavement, which raises some questions.These services are gaining attraction as a growing number of city residents expect immediate or scheduled delivery for just about everything. Between 2016 and 2017 online r

3、etail sales in the US increased by 16 percent. On the final step of all these deliveries, called the last mile, humans on bicycles, motorized scooters (电动车) or large delivery trucks typically deliver packages. All the vehicles compete for space on busy urban streets. “Deliveries are trending upwards

4、 in all crowded city centers, and if city and state leaders dont start thinking about creative solutions like robot deliveries, we can expect even worse traffic jams，” says Paul Mackie, director of a transportation policy research center in Arlington.A study by this center found 73 percent of delive

5、ry vehicles in Arlington were parked outside of authorized areas, often blocking bike lanes and crosswalks. By moving the last step of deliveries from the road to the sidewalk, cities could reduce traffic jams and solve the parking problem entirely, Mackie says.Companies such as Amazon are not devel

6、oping this delivery technology simply to clear up urban traffic. Selfdriving vehicles and sidewalk robots could cut down lastmile delivery costs in cities by as much as 40 percent, according to a 2018 report by a consultancy firm. A delivery robot can cost thousands of dollars to manufacture, and mo

7、st currently require human management and conservation. But in the long run companies that use autonomous delivery vehicles in the next several years could end up saving billions of dollars, the report stated.本文是一篇说明文，旨在说明目前城市中送货所带来的问题以及送货机器人的出现对城市所造成的影响。1Why does Amazon introduce delivery robots?AT

8、o amuse its customers.BTo avoid pedestrians, dogs and broken pavement.CTo meet the increasing demand of delivering packages.DTo confirm the companys innovation spirit.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These services are gaining attraction as a growing number of city residents expect immediate or scheduled delive

9、ry for just about everything”可知，人们因为对包裹投递的需求一直在增加，所以对送货机器人很感兴趣，故选C。2What does Paul Mackie mean by his words in paragraph 2?ARetail sales in the US increased fast.BDeliveries stay steady in all crowded city centers.CRegardless of robot deliveries, traffic jams will remain the same.DRobots can help ea

10、se the traffic pressure.答案：D解析：推理判断题。第二段中Paul Mackie说的话意为“包裹投递在所有拥挤的城市中心(逐渐)增多，如果城市和州的领导者不开始思考创造性的解决方案，比如机器人派送，我们可能会面临更糟糕的交通堵塞”，由此可见，机器人可以帮助缓解交通压力，故选D。3What can the robot delivery bring to the city?ABlocking bike lanes and crosswalks.BRelieving urban traffic as well as saving delivery costs.CIncreas

11、ing danger to pedestrians.DLeading to traffic jams.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段前两句可知：机器人送货不仅可以减少交通堵塞，而且可以节约成本。故选B。4Which word can best describe the future of the robot delivery?AUncertain.BHopeless.CPromising.DUnacceptable.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话可知从长期看来，在接下来几年使用自动送货机器人的公司最终会节省数十亿美元，因此送货机器人有广泛的前景。BIf a famil

12、y member blames you for something you have done, it is important to be careful about how you defend yourself. It is not a good idea to use ways that cause hurt, even if they would help you make a valid point. If you can think of an instance where the other person has done exactly what he accuses you

13、 of, for example, it would not be good manners to throw it in his face. You should only bring it up if you dont have a choice. Then, you should make sure that you do it respectfully.Even if a family member intentionally goes against reasonable wishes you may have, you should understand that people s

14、ee even the most fundamental things in very different ways. Remember that people are different. If you consider any noise after midnight to be intolerable, for example, others may see it is completely acceptable. It can take them a great deal of time to change their behavior for a demand that they d

15、o not understand.Think about the family conflicts that you are worried about now. Check to see if your parents have similar problems. People who grow up with parents who fight unfairly often repeat the same behavior. Consider changing the unfair habits that you grew up with.Understand that memories

16、tend to change. In longstanding family disputes, all parties involved tend to have completely different recollections of the original problem.Families are a curious conceptwhile family members often feel nothing but annoyed for one another, they will also often be there for them if they should ever

17、be in serious trouble. When you feel resentment for someone, think about how far you would go for them if they happened to be in trouble. It could help soften you. Think about how you care for the other person.本文旨在告诉我们怎样明智地处理家庭冲突。5Which of the following does the author agree with according to the fi

18、rst paragraph?ATo fight back to defend yourself.BTo target the problem, not the person.CTo deal with a man as he deals with you.DTo hurt each other when angry.答案：B解析：推理判断题。由第一段内容可知，作者建议我们在处理问题的时候要充分考虑他人的感受，尽量避免伤害，尽量尊重他人，即对事不对人，故选B。6What does the underlined word “resentment” in the last paragraph mea

19、n?ACuriosity.BKindness.CConcern.DAnger.答案：D解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后边的“think about how far you would go for them if they happened to be in trouble. It could help soften you”(想一想如果他们遇到困难，你会在多大程度上支持他们，这会让你变得柔和)可知，画线词所在句意为“当你对某人感到愤怒的时候”。上文中的“feel nothing but annoyed for one another”也是提示。故选D。7Which of the foll

20、owing statements may the author approve of?AFamily members share the same memories over family disputes.BParents should set a good example in a family.CIts easy for people to agree on different ideas.DYou can defend yourself by throwing facts back.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“People who grow up with parents

21、 who fight unfairly often repeat the same behavior”可知，生长在那些父母经常进行不公平争吵的家庭的孩子更容易出现同样的行为，所以父母对孩子的影响非常大，父母应该为孩子树立好榜样，故选B。8What is the best title of the passage?AThink about how you care for other personsBLearn to concern about family membersCHow to deal with family conflicts wiselyDLearn to accept each

22、 other in a family答案：C解析：标题判断题。文章第一段提出当出现家庭冲突的时候我们应该对事不对人，第二段提出“Remember that people are different”，第三段提出“Consider changing the unfair habits that you grew up with”，最后一段提出“When you feel resentment for someone, think about how far you would go for them if they happened to be in trouble”，故选C。.七选五How l

23、ong should you practice a new language every day? With the Babbel language learning approach, 15 minutes is enough.1_1_At Babbel, lessons are designed to fit perfectly into those times when youre waiting or commuting. Many users use the app while on public transportation, especially on their way to

24、work. _2_2Find the right learning pattern for you.Learners can adapt their studying for their personality type. There are two types of language learners: those who like routines and those who dont. The former can make up their own schedule, like two sets of repetition and one new lesson, and they st

25、ick to it. _3_ It is suggested that this type of people can choose to devote some days to only repetition, and other days to just new lessons.3Build confidence through practice.It is recommended that one day per week should focus on applying the language to real life.If theres a Spanish restaurant i

26、n your city, why not greet them with “Hola！” or try ordering in Spanish? If thats unavailable where you live, the Internet still provides a lot of places to read the language, or listen to a podcast (播客), or to find an online community where you can communicate with others. _4_4Make a habit of daily

27、 learning.The most important thing is to do something every day. _5_ The key to proficiency in another language is daily practice. With this consistency, youll be speaking a new language in no time.AFor the latter, they just dont do the same thing every day.BEven if its just 15 minutes, its better t

28、han nothing.CLearning on the go.DTo work is to learn.EIts the perfect use of a boring stretch of time.FThey can choose whatever radio they prefer.GTo apply is the best way to really get the information into the longterm memory.每天应该花费多长时间练习一门新语言？在Babbel语言学习方法的帮助下，15分钟就足够了。本文对此进行了具体的解释和说明。1C解析：分析文章结构和

29、空处所在的位置可知，本空是该段的小标题。根据本段中的“when youre waiting or commuting”和“especially on their way to work”可知，本段讲的是利用上下班路上的时间来学习，与选项C呼应，故选C项。2E解析：根据空前的“especially on their way to work”和语境可知，该空进一步说明上班途中的时间是一段无聊的时间，在此期间学习语言是对时间的很好利用，故选E项。3A解析：与空前一句“The former can make up their own schedule.stick to it”形成呼应，并结合空后一句“

30、It is suggested that.just new lessons”可知，该空应是说明另一种类型的学习者的情况，故选A项。4G解析：本空是本段的结尾句，有总结本段内容和呼应本部分主题的作用，并结合该部分标题以及该部分内容可知，该空总结了在实际生活中应用语言的意义所在。故G项与此处匹配。5B解析：根据本段的标题“Make a habit of daily learning”和空前一句“The most important thing is to do something every day”可知，养成每天学习的习惯很重要，即使仅仅是15分钟，也比没有要好，故选B项。.语法填空I rece

31、ntly heard a story about a famous scientist. When he _1_ (ask) why he was able to succeed, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with _2_ mother when he was about two years old. “I was trying to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I lost the bottle and it fell, spilling (溢出) the m

32、ilk all over the floora sea of milk! I got _3_ (frighten) and I didnt know what to do！” he said.Instead of _4_ (punish) him, his mother asked him to play in the milk for a while. Then she said, “You know, we failed in how to _5_ (successful) carry a big milk bottle with two tiny _6_ (hand) just now.

33、 Lets go out in the yard and fill the bottle _7_ water to see if you can discover a way to carry it.”This famous scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he _8_ (know) he didnt need to be afraid to make mistakes _9_ were actually opportunities for learning something new. Even if the e

34、xperiment “doesnt work”， we usually learn something _10_ (value) from it.一位科学家在两岁的时候不小心把牛奶瓶摔到地上，结果母亲不但没有惩罚他，还引导他去探索如何才能拿起装满水的瓶子；这位科学家从中明白了一个道理：不要害怕犯错误，因为那也是一个学习的机会。1was_asked解析：考查动词的时态与语态。根据该句中的“he gave the answer”可知，他是被别人提问的，应用被动语态；又根据语境可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的事，要用一般过去时，故填was asked。2his解析：考查代词。此处表示的是和他妈妈的一次经

35、历。故填his。3frightened解析：考查形容词。空处作表语，与got构成系表结构，此处表示他当时非常害怕，故要填形容词frightened“害怕的”。4punishing解析：考查非谓语动词。介词instead of后面要接名词或动名词，故填punishing。5successfully解析：考查词形转换。修饰动词carry要用副词，故填successfully。6hands解析：考查名词的单复数。根据空前的“two”可知，此处要用名词的复数形式，故填hands。7with解析：考查介词。fill sth. with sth.“用将装满”为固定用法。8knew解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“it was at that moment”可知，此处是他对过去的回忆，故填knew。9which/that解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，且先行词为“mistakes”，故此处要填which或that。10valuable解析：考查词形转换。此处表示“从中学到一些有价值的东西”，故填valuable。