2021秋八年级英语下册 Unit 1 Past and Present教学案（新版）牛津版.doc

1、Past and present课 题8B Unit 1 Past and present课时1授课日期教学目标To introduce the concept of situations that started in the past and are continuing at presentTo introduce the grammatical concept of the present perfect tense by focusing on a timeline.教学重点To introduce the concept of situations that started in

2、the past and are continuing at present教学难点To introduce the grammatical concept of the present perfect tense by focusing on a timeline.教学准备A tape and recorder教学过程Step 1 Having a brainstormingHow do you come to school every day? I come by bike. /by bus /by car.How does your father go to work? He goes

3、to work by car. /He takes a car to work. Step 2 Presenting forms of transportTheres too much traffic in Nanjing. But people began to take the underground in 2005. The underground has been in use since 2005. Its fast and convenient. Now, lets learn something about transport at different times. (Show

4、the pictures)What are their names? (light rail, double-decker)I want to draw a timeline for the different forms of transport in Beijing. Use the information from Part A to complete the timeline. 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 light rail taxi bus coach/plane underground double

5、-decker trainStep 3 Having a discussionDiscuss the transport at different times. The bus has been in use since 1958. People have taken the bus since 1958. Step 4 Listening to and reading a dialogueIn the past, people took the bus to work. But at present, more and more people can take the taxi /under

6、ground/double-decker car/ to work. The transport has changed a lot. What about our old friends Eddie and Hobo? Have they changed a lot? Lets go on to listen to and read the dialogue on page 6 between Eddie and Hobo. Then answer the following questions: 1. Wheres Hobos food? Is it in the bowl now? Wh

7、y not? (Because Eddie has eaten it.) 2. Why has Eddie eaten his food? (Because Eddie was hungry.)3. What did Hobo think of Eddie in the past? (Hobo thought Eddie was kind in the past.)4. What does he think of Eddie now? (Hobo thinks Eddie is bad now. So he doesnt want to play with him any more.) 5.

8、Why does Eddie say that Hobo has changed a lot, too? (Because Hobo wanted to play with him in the past, but now he doesnt.)Step 5 Listening and reading aloudListen to the tape, and try to read aloud the dialogue on page 6 to the tape. Step 6 Finding and writing expressionsYou are to go over page 6 a

9、nd 7 again to find out and write down all the useful expressions. Make sentences of your own with them after class. Step 7 Acting out the dialogueIn pairs act out the dialogue. Step 8 Doing homeworka. Read the comic strips and try to recite it. b. Try to revise the phrase and sentences in this perio

10、d.c. Do translation:1. 我的玩具飞机在哪儿？2. 你的妈妈怎样去上班？ 乘坐地铁。3. 我再也不想跟你玩了。4. 自从年人们就可以乘坐轻轨了。5. 我们应该对父母要友善。 旁 注教后记课 题8B Unit 1 Reading I 课时2授课日期教学目标To recognize types of questions used in interviewTo recognize extended answers to raise questionsTo infer general meaning from the title and the contextTo guess me

11、anings of specific words from the contextTo identify true or false statements based on the reading passage教学重点To recognize types of questions used in interviewTo recognize extended answers to raise questionsTo infer general meaning from the title and the context教学难点To guess meanings of specific word

12、s from the contextTo identify true or false statements based on the reading passage教学准备A tape and recorder教学过程Step 11. Have you _ (看见) my chocolate? No, I _. 2. She has _ (刚刚) eaten lunch.3. I used to take the _ (长途汽车) Nanjing. 4. Where do you work at _ (目前)？Step 2 New words1) Read aloud the new wor

13、ds.2) Complete the B1.Step 3 Warming upEnjoy some pictures about Shanghais past and present, then tell us the changes in your hometown to lead in the changes in Sunshine Town.Step 4 Read and answer1. Why does Millie want to know the changes in Sunshine Town? 2. Why does she interview Mr Chen?Step 5

14、TasksTask 1: Read the conversation between Millie and Mr Chen quickly and silently, write a T if a sentence is true or an F if it is false.Mr. Chen knows little about Sunshine Town. 1) Mr Chen moved away from his parents when he got married. 2) There is a large shopping mall in Sunshine Town now. 3)

15、 The steel factory once put its waste into the Sunshine River. 5) It is easy for Mr Chen to see his old friends now.6) Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town. Task 2: Read aloud the conversation again. Sandy wants to learn more about the history of Sunshine Town. She is asking Millis some

16、 questions. Work in pairs. Complete their conversation.Sandy: Tell me more about your interview with Mr Chen, Millie. Has he lived in Sunshine Town all his life?Millie: Yes. He first lived with his parents in the _ part of town, and then moved to another flat two _ away. Sandy: What was the town lik

17、e in the past?Millie: There were some small _ and shops. Sandy: What did Mr Chen say about the town centre?Millie: Years ago, there was a _ and a _. Now theres a new park, a new _ and a large _.Sandy: Were there any factories in Sunshine Town?Millie: Yes. There was once a _ near the Sunshine River.

18、Task 3: Millie is going to write about the changes in Sunshine town for her history project. She has made some notes. Help her complete the sentences with the information.l Sunshine Town (1)_ over the years.l People now have (2)_ town.l The (3)_ from the steel factory was once a problem. Luckily, th

19、e government took action to improve the (4)_. l Old people used to (5)_ together. l Old people sometimes (6)_ because they cannot (7)_ as often as before.l People think it is good to see (8)_. Step 6 ReadListen to the recording and read the passage following the tape.Homework1. Read aloud the conver

20、sation in pairs.2. Find out the difficult sentences and discuss them with your classmates.旁 注教后记课 题8B Unit 1 课时3授课日期教学目标To figure out the structure of each passageTo understand and use the expressions in the textTo practice the main language points of the contextTo retell the passage in their own wo

21、rds, following the structure of the passages教学重点To figure out the structure of each passageTo understand and use the expressions in the text教学难点To practice the main language points of the contextTo retell the passage in their own words, following the structure of the passages.教学准备A tape and recorder

22、教学过程Step 1 RevisionWork in pairs. Talk about Mr Chen and Sunshine Town with the help of these questions:About Mr Chen:1. Where did he live when he was a child?2. Why did he move to this flat?3. What did he use to do with his old friends?About Sunshine Town:1. What did people in the town have years a

23、go?2. What has part of the town centre turned into?3. What did the steel factory put into the river?4. Do you think Mr Chen lives a better life now?Step 2 Language points:1. Youve changed too. You used to be so kind to me. 短语used to意思是（用于过去持续或经常发生的事）曾经。如：We used to play cards and Chinese chess toget

24、her. 过去我们常在一起打牌、下象棋。2. Ive lived here since I was born.主句（用现在完成时）+ since + 从句（一般过去时）。这是现在完成时常用的一种句型结构，如：He _ (teach) English at this school since he _ (come) to China.自从他来到中国就到这所学校教英语。3. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and weve lived in this area since then. Has the t

25、own changed a lot over the years?since then 从那时起（一直到现在） over the years 这几年期间这两个时间状语都是现在完成时的特征性时间状语。如：He _ (be) a policeman since then.Over the years, I _ (read) lots of books about animals.be/get married 结婚e.g. How long have you been married? 你结婚多久了？ We have been married for three years. 我已经结婚有三年了。4

26、. Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.turn/change into 把变成e.g. The cars blocking the exits could turn this place into a death trap. 那些堵住出口的汽车可能使这地方成为死亡陷阱。5. Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.realize vt. 意识到；实现e.g. The

27、y have realized the problem. 他们已经意识到这个问题。We must try our best to realize our China dream. 我们必须要尽最大的努力实现我们的中国梦。6. Well, in some ways it is. in some ways 在某种程度上，在某些方面 如：In some ways I agree with you. 在某种程度上我同意你的观点。7. Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time. from time to time 不时，偶尔如：We have not seen

28、each other for a long time, but we send emails from time to time. 我们已经很久没见面了，但偶尔会通邮件。lonely 孤单的，寂寞的 alone 单独，独自 （= by oneself)e.g. The old man lives alone, but he never feels lonely. 那个老人独自一个人生活，但他从不感到孤独。Step 3 DiscussionDoes Mr Chen live a better life? Why or why not?Step 4 ExercisesMr Chen _ _ in

29、Sunshine Town since he was born. He _ the town very well. He first lived with his parents in the _ part of town. In 1965, he moved two _ away from his parents because he _ _. The town has changed a lot. They only have some small _ and shops, a post office and a _.Now they have a new park, a new thea

30、tre and a _ _ _, too. _ was a serious problem in the past. Now the government has taken action to _ the _. Sunshine Town has turned into a _ _ town. Though it has become _ for Mr Chen to see his old friends as often as before, he thinks its good to see the _ _ in the town.二、翻译句子：1. 从那以后，她就独自己一人居住。 S

31、he _ _ _ _ _.2. 从某种程度上讲，这是项危险的工作。 _ _ _, its a dangerous job.3. 她偶尔听听音乐。She _ _ music _ _ _ _.4. 目前人类不可能生活在月球上。At _, its _ _ _ _ _ on the moon.Homework1. Try to recite the conversation.2. Preview Grammar.旁 注教后记课 题8B Unit 1 课时4授课日期教学目标To learn the spelling of the past participles of verbsTo recognize

32、 contexts for the use of the present perfect tenseTo use the present perfect tense to talk about events that starts in the past and are connected to the presentTo understand adverbs of time and use them with the present perfect tense教学重点To learn the spelling of the past participles of verbsTo recogn

33、ize contexts for the use of the present perfect tense教学难点To understand adverbs of time and use them with the present perfect tense.教学准备A tape and recorder教学过程Step 1 Learning about the present perfect tenseHere is a brief review of the form and function of the present perfect tense. The present perfe

34、ct is used when the time period has not finished: I have seen three movies this week.(This week has not finished yet.) The present perfect is often used when the time is not mentioned: Gerry has failed his exam again. The present perfect is often used when the time is recent: Ikuko has just arrived

35、in Victoria. The present perfect is often used with for and since. Greg has lived here for 20 years. Greg has lived here since 1978. The present perfect is formed like this: have plus past participleStep 2 Having a revisionWhat did you do last night? What did your mother do two weeks ago? What did y

36、ou father do last year? Work in pairs to talk about the thing they did in the past. Step 3 Doing practice Eddie was born four years agopast present We use the simple past tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past. Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born. Eddie has lives

37、with Millie for four years. past presentWe use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and are continued to the present. We have known that Hobo was very angry, because Eddie has eaten his food. (Eddie ate the food in the past and now Hobo does not have anything to ea

38、t. ) We also use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the past and have connection with the present. Step 4 Drawing a conclusion We make positive statements and negative statements using the present perfect tense like this: have /has (+not) + Past participle We usually use

39、 these forms when we speak: hasnt = has not, havent = have not Look up the past participles in the dictionary if necessary. There is also a table of irregular verbs on page 112. We ask and answer questions using the present perfect tense like this.Have I /you/we/they arrived? Yes, I/you/we/they have

40、. No, I/you/we/they havent/have not. Has he/she/it arrived? Yes, he/she/it has. No, he/she/it hasnt/has not. Step 5 Doing practice Mr Wu asks the students to complete the sentences using the present perfect tense. Completer the sentences in Part A1 on page 14. Millie and Sandy are talking about an e

41、xhibition of the history of Beijing. Complete the conversation in Part A2 on page 15. Step 6 Presenting We can use some typical time expressions with the present perfect tense. Show the table on page 16 to the students. Explain the use of the following time expressions: already, yet, ever, never, ju

42、st, recently, for, sincealready, just, ever and never usually come after have or has while yet comes at the end of a sentence. Step 7 Doing practice Daniel and Simon are talking about different forms of transport. Complete the conversation on page 17 using the present perfect tense of the verbs in b

43、rackets and the correct time expressions. Step 8 Doing homeworka. Review the use of the present perfect tenseb. Fill in the blanks with the right tense of the verbs. 1. Eddie _ (be) born four years ago. 2. Eddie _ (live) with Millie since he was born. 3. Mr Smith _ (not come) back yet. 4. _ they _ (

44、see) any exhibition recently? 5. - _ you _ (finish) your work? - No, I havent. 旁 注教后记课 题8B Unit 1 课时5授课日期教学目标To consolidate the present perfect tenseTo learn to use time expressions with the present perfect tense教学重点To consolidate the present perfect tense教学难点To learn to use time expressions with th

45、e present perfect tense教学准备A tape and recorder教学过程Step 1 Having a revisionHave a dictationWrite down the past participle of the following verbs. 1. repair 2. marry 3. see 4. change 5. turn 6. pollute 7. feel 8. throw 9. write 10. make Step 2 Talking about the present perfect tenseWe use the simple p

46、ast tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past. We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and continue to the present. We also use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the past but with connection with the present.

47、 Whats the form of the present perfect tense? Have /has (+not) + Past participleWhat typical time expressions can we use with the present perfect tense? already, yet, ever, never, just, recently, for, sinceStep 3 Finishing exercisesChoose the correct adverbs of time to complete the sentences.1. Have

48、 you done your homework _? (for, just, already)2. I have _been to Chengdu. (ever, never, yet)3. He has _washed the dishes. (already, ever, for) 4. He has worked there _he left school. (already, just, since) 5. She has known Sam _nine years. (for, never, since) 6. They have _arrived. (ever, just, yet

49、) Step 4 Doing practices Make a dialogue like this: A: Have you ever finished your homework? B: Yes, I have. /No, I havent. A: When did you do it? /When will you do it? B: I did it last night. /Ill do it tomorrow. Step 5 Playing a game1. Play the game in order to familiarize students with sentences

50、using the present perfect tense. Write down the following sentences on the blackboard. 1. has traveled to Beijing2. has seen the Space Exhibition3. has kept a rabbit as a pet4. has been to beaches5. has slept in the tent6. has spoken to the foreigners7. has written a poem8. has worked in a hospitalT

51、he students ask each other: “Have you ever ?” At last, the student makes the sentences like this: Jim has traveled to Beijing. 2. The aim of the game is to help students to tell the differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. Work in pairs. A asks Jim: “When did you trav

52、el to Beijing?” “Last summer holiday.” At last, the students make sentences like this: Jim says he traveled to Beijing last summer holiday. Step 6 Doing additional exercisesMillie and Sandy are talking about their history project. Complete their conversation using the correct forms of the verbs in b

53、rackets. Millie: Hi, Sandy. (1)_ you _ (start) your history project yet? Sandy: Yes. I (2) _ (look) on the Internet to get some ideas, but I (3) _ (not write) the report yet. Millie: What (4) _you _ (decide) to write about? Sandy: I want to write about Tianjin. (5) _you _ (be) there? Millie: Yes, I

54、(6) _ (go) there with my family last year. I think Tianjin (7) _ (not change) much. Sandy: I think there (8) _ (be) some changes. I (9) _already _ (learn) a lot about the history of the city. (Keys: 1. Havestarted 2. have looked 3. havent written 4. havedecided 5. Havebeen 6. went 7. hasnt changed 8

55、. have been 9. havelearned/learnt) Step 7 Doing homeworka. Review the uses of the present perfect tense. b. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. 1. Do you know when he has lived here? _ 2. I have written to my pen friend for a week ago. _ 3. I havent eaten something since 9 a.m. _ 4. The

56、y havent heard from Jims letter for a long time. _ 5. The shop has opened for about ten years. _ 旁 注教后记课 题8B Unit 1 Integrated skills课时6授课日期教学目标1)通过听录音,获取有关星光镇变化的具体信息。2)根据获取的信息做笔记并完成日记。3)简单谈论自己和朋友的过去和现在。教学重点通过听他们的谈话录音,我们能够进行星光镇的过去和现在的对比。结合自己的生活、学习实际,谈论自己过去和现在的变化教学难点现在的生活是多么的美好,我们应该好好珍惜,同时应该意识到星光镇的过去

57、的自然美,提高发展和保护环境的意识,做到发展与自然的和谐统一。教学准备A tape and recorder教学过程任务一:师生互动,看图学习生词。 1.看星光镇过去的图片回答。 What can you see in the picture? 2. 再看星光镇现在的图片,回答。 (1) What can you find in it? (2) Can you say something different about the two pictures? 任务二:和你的搭档合作,看星光镇的过去和现在的两张图片。 Can you describe the two pictures? In the

58、 past, . Now, 任务三:听力练习。 There have been many changes in Starlight Town. Do you want to know more about the changes? 听录音,独立完成A1部分的练习,然后与你的同桌核对答案。 听录音,独立完成A2部分的练习,然后与你的同桌核对答案。 任务四:Kitty is writing about Starlight Town in his diary. Complete her diary entry with the words in the box. 1.根据A1,A2部分及从听力材料中

59、获取的信息,完成A3部分练习。 2. 和同桌相互检查答案。全班一起大声朗读Kitty的日记。 任务五:活动,与你的搭档讨论星光镇的变化。 (1) What did people in Starlight Town have in the past? (2) Were there any birds? (3) How did people get there? (4) Where did people live? (5) What changes have taken place in this town? Make a dialogue about the changes in Starlig

60、ht Town. A: Where have you been? B: I have just been to Starlight Town near Beijing. A: Really? I went there 10 years ago.I went there by bike, what about you? B: I went there by air/bus 任务六:听Part B的对话录音,回答下列问题。 Where has Becky just returned from? When did they last see each other? 3. How did they k

61、eep in touch with each other? Listen and repeat.合作活动,分角色朗读对话并表演。 任务七:Make a dialogue about the changes in your life. Use Millie and Sandys conversation as a model. Sample conversation T: I met my old friend Jack yesterday. Hes just returned from Guangzhou. S: Oh, really? When did you last see him? T

62、: About four years ago. He moved to Guangzhou with his family. We havent seen each other since then. S: So how do you keep in touch with each other? T: We often chat with each other on the Internet and sometimes we write emails to each other. The Internet makes communication much easier. S: Exactly.

63、 Step4:总结提升 _ Step5:布置作业 1.Copy new words and phrases. 2.Recite the dialogue旁 注教后记课 题8B Unit 1 Speak up & Study skills课时7授课日期教学目标1. Learn to talk about an old friend. 2. Learn to use facts and opinions in writing.教学重点1. Learn to talk about an old friend. 教学难点2. Learn to use facts and opinions in wri

64、ting.教学准备A tape and recorder教学过程Step 1. Warming upTalk about your friends: 1. Who is your best friend? 2. What is he/she like?3. Where does he/ she live? 4. What does he/she like?Step 2. Speak up1. Listen and answer:1) When did Millie meet Becky? 2) How long has she leave China?3) Was Becky alone in

65、 the USA? 4) How does Millie communicate with Becky?2. Work in pairs and tell your partner about the changes in your life. Use the conversation below as a model.Step 3. Language points 1. Shes just returned from the USA.这里的shes 是she has的缩略形式。 return vi. 返回 e.g. return home (adv.) 回家 return to school

66、 (n.) 回到学校2. When did you last see each other? 你们上次见面是什么时候? last adv. 最近, 上一次; 最后。可位于动词前, 也可位于动词后。 e.g. I last saw him in Shanghai two years ago. 我上一次是两年前在上海见到他的。 = I saw him last in Shanghai two years ago.3. So how do you keep in touch with each other? 那你们是如何保持联系的呢？ keep in touch with sb. 和某人保持联系,

67、也可用stay in touch with sb.表示。 e.g. Please keep/stay in touch with me while you are in Beijing. 你在北京的时候, 请和我保持联系。4. We mainly communicate by email. 我们主要通过电子邮件交流。 communicate vi./vt. 交流, 交际 e.g. She has never communicated with us. 她从未和我们联系过。Step 4. Study skills1. Explanation:Facts and opinions(事实和观点）：W

68、e often use facts and opinions when we write. Facts are true statements. They include names, dates, events and numbers. Opinions tell what we believe, feel or think. 我们在写作时经常会用到陈述事实和表达观点的句子。事实是指客观存在的事物或是事情，通常包括姓名、日期、事件和数字等。观点则是表达我们对于某件事物或事情的感觉、想法等。Give some examples. Sentences that show opinions oft

69、en use verbs like feel, believe and think or have adjectives like good, bad and terrible.e.g. I think its important to learn more than one foreign language. 2. Practice1) Please find some sentences that tell the truth, and some sentences that show the opinions in this unit.2) Complete Ex. A.3. Expla

70、nation: When we write, we can use facts to support our opinions. We can also give facts first, and then state our opinions.当我们写作时，我们用事实支持我们的观点。我们可以先给出事实，然后再陈述自己的观点。OpinionFactsMy hometown is beautiful.There are green hills all around. A river runs through the centre of town.4. Practice: Complete Ex.

71、 A.5. 学习短语：be/ get used to sth. / doing sth. 习惯于（适应于）某事/做某事e.g. He is not used to living in the city. 他不习惯生活在城市。I got used to the life there. 我很快适应了那里的生活。used to do sth. 过去（常常）做某事e.g. He used to live in the country. 他过去常住在农村。Step 5. ExercisesTranslation1. 你何时和你父母出国？ When do you _?2. 从那时起，他们彼此没再见过面。

72、They _.3. 有些学生仅通过电话和父母保持联系。Some students only _. 4. 老年人过去在这里晨练。Old people _ morning exercise here. 5. 你习惯喝咖啡吗？ _coffee?Homework1. Remember the new words and expressions in this lesson.2. Preview the next lesson.旁 注教后记课 题8B Unit 1 Task课时8授课日期教学目标1. Complete Amys report on the changes in Moonlight Tow

73、n.2. Learn to write a similar article about the changes in ones hometown.教学重点Complete Amys report on the changes in Moonlight Town. 教学难点 Learn to write a similar article about the changes in ones hometown.教学准备A tape and recorder教学过程Step 1 RevisionWork in pairs. Talk about the changes in your hometow

74、n by asking the following questions:Where do you live?What were the roads like in the past? What are the roads like at present? How did your father go to school when he was young? Step 2 New wordsPresent the new words: narrow, open space with some pictures.Step 3 Read about the changes in Moonlight

75、Town and learn some useful expressions has changed a lot over the years. Many changes have taken place in People are enjoying a life.There were only in the past, but nowPeople used to The government has built Many families have their own Step 4 Complete C according to Part B.Many changes have taken

76、place in Moonlight Town over the years. Now people are enjoying a comfortable life. In the past, there were only (1) _ roads in the small town. There was (2) _ everywhere. But now the streets are (3) _ with many (4) _ on both sides. The government has also built (5) _ in some large open spaces. Year

77、s ago, people lived in (6) _. Now most of them have moved into (7) _. They used to (8) _ or watch TV in their free time, but now most families have computers and the (9) _. Moreover, (10) _ make communication easier now. In the past, people travelled around the town (11) _, but now they can go aroun

78、d (12) _. Many families even have their own cars. Now people are enjoying a comfortable life. Answers: narrow and dirty, rubbish, wide and clean, green trees, shops and tall buildings, small old houses, new flats, listen to the radio, Internet, mobile phones, on foot or by bicycle, by bus or taxiStep 5 Talk about the changes in your own hometown. HomeworkFinish Self-assessment on page 19.旁 注教后记