2021-2022学年新教材外研版英语选择性必修第一册学案：UNIT 5 REVEALING NATURE 教学 知识细解码 WORD版含答案.doc

1、1seed n种子，籽seedless adj.无籽的2evolve v进化evolution n进化3suspect v猜想，怀疑，觉得suspected adj.被怀疑的4generate v产生，创造generation n产生distant adj.遥远的；久远的；不同的；恍惚的1The time we spent together is now a distant memory.久远的2Their life seemed utterly distant from his own.不同的3There was a distant look in her eyes；her mind was

2、 obviously on something else.恍惚的Words and Phrases知识要点1distant adj.遥远的(教材P50)The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”“贝格尔号”船长需要招聘一个人，此人能“有机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国家并从中受益”。例Pat sounded very cold and distant on the phone.

3、从电话里听起来帕特非常冷淡和疏远。知识拓展(1)be(距离)distant from sth.离某物()远(2)distance n.距离at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远in the distance在远处at/from a distance of.在/从远的地方keep sb. at a distance对冷淡；与疏远distance oneself from使远离；使疏远即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子His house stands on a hill and can be seen from a distance(distant)of two miles，while min

4、e is ten miles distant from his house.We could see nothing in the thick fog at/from a distance of five metres，so we got lost.He threw the stone with all his strength and it fell into a pond in the distance (在远处)小片段填空We can see the waterfall in the distance，whose sound can be heard at a distance of t

5、wo miles.It looks quite beautiful from a distance，I think.我们可以看见远处的瀑布，它的声音在两英里远的地方就能听见。我认为从远处看它很漂亮。知识要点2answer the call响应号召(教材P50)The person who answered the call was not the captains first choice.来应聘的人不是船长的首选。例The young man answered the call and joined the army to defend his country.这个年轻人响应号召，参军保卫祖

6、国。知识拓展answer the phone/a call接听电话answer the door开门，应门answer criticism/charges/accusation就批评/指控/谴责等作出回应answer a need满足需求answer a description与描述相符即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子I kept ringing the bell，but no one answered(answer)the door.A man answering(answer)the polices description was seen entering the building.How

7、 do you answer the criticism that your government has done nothing to help the homeless?有人批评你们的政府没有为无家可归的人提供任何帮助，你对此有何回应？知识要点3be a disgrace是耻辱，是丢脸的事(教材P50)Whats more，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”更有甚者，他最近收到了父

8、亲的一封信，信中预言他将是“他和全家的耻辱”。例He is a disgrace and an embarrassment to this hospital.他是这家医院的耻辱和尴尬。知识拓展(1)disgrace v使丢脸；使蒙受耻辱；使名誉扫地；使失势；使失去地位(2)in disgrace很不讨人喜欢bring disgrace on使蒙羞there is no disgrace in doing sth.做某事不丢脸即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Mum told me Meggie was sent home in disgrace.His actions brought disgra

9、ce on the family.There was no disgrace in finishing(finish)fourth.You are a disgrace to the medical profession.你是医学界的耻辱。知识要点4lead to引起，导致；通向(教材P50)Despite all this，his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.尽管如此，他在这艘船上的冒险经历将导致有史以来最重要的科学发现之一

10、。例Excuse me，does this road lead to the railway station?请问，这条路通向火车站吗？知识拓展lead sb. to do sth.使某人做某事lead sb. to/into.领着某人去/进入lead a happy life过着幸福的生活in the lead领先，处于首位take the lead带头即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子They were in the lead.The finish line was close.The students were led into the museum，most of them with a

11、notebook.They lead a busy and colourful life on the campus.It is reported that the discovery of new evidence had led to the thief being caught据报道，新证据的发现导致小偷被抓住。知识要点5in question正被讨论的；有疑问，不确定(教材P50)The young man in question，Charles Darwin，was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by rocks，plants and a

12、nimals.所提到的那位年轻人叫查尔斯达尔文，是一位地质学家和博物学家，对岩石、植物和动物都着迷。例In my opinion，youd better keep your distance from the man in question.依我看，你最好离那个被讨论的人远一点。知识拓展out of question(without question)没问题out of the question不可能，无法接受即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Her version of events was accepted without question.The future of public trans

13、port is not in question.Another trip abroad this year is out of the question今年再度出国旅行是绝不可能的。知识要点6be crowded with堆满，挤满(教材P51)After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.达尔文在南美洲待了一段时间后，他船上的房间里塞满了他收集的动植物样本。例Th

14、e old town square was crowded with people.古老的小镇广场上挤满了人。知识拓展crowded adj.拥挤的crowd n&v.人群/拥挤；聚集a crowd of/crowds of.一大群，很多crowd in (on sb.)涌上(心头)，涌入(脑海)crowd into ones mind涌上某人的心头crowd into.大批涌入(狭小的空间)即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译There were crowds(crowd)of people at the theatre.This morning，the ground is crowded wit

15、h white snow.The crowd was/were(be)marching on the street to improve their living conditions.他突然有了一个想法：建设另一条高速公路就能解决问题。aA thought crowded into his mind that building another expressway could solve the problem.bA thought crowded in on him that building another expressway could solve the problem.名师点津c

16、rowd可用作名词，译作“人群，大众”，在句中作主语时，谓语动词接单数或复数对待均可，the crowd“老百姓，大众”。知识要点7(教材P51)Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments?也许动物是随着适应环境的变化而进化的？(1)evolve v进化；发展例Each school must evolve its own way of working.每个学校必须形成自己的办学方式。知识拓展(1)evolve from从进化；从逐渐形成evolve into逐渐演变，逐步发展(2)evolution

17、 n.进化(论)；演变即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子He is interested in the evolution (evolve) of the computer over the past 30 years.All in all，at least at this stage，its unlikely that online learning will evolve into the dominant form of education.The idea evolved from a drawing I discovered in the room.这种想法是从我在房间里发现的一幅画得到

18、启发的。(2)adapt to适应，适合例We must adapt to the new changes through our continuous learning.我们必须通过持续不断的学习来适应新变化。知识拓展(1)adapt.to.使适应或适合adapt.from.根据改编或改写adapt.for.改编或改作之用(2)adaptable adj.能适应的，适应性强的adaptation n.改编(本)，改造；适应即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The movie that had been adapted for children was adapted from a novel.H

19、ave you watched the TV series adapted from his novel of the same name?Mike，Mary and I had a discussion about the adaptation (adapt)of the classic literature yesterday.I suggested he (should) adapt himself to his new conditions.我建议他应该使自己适应新的环境。知识要点8suspect v猜想，怀疑，觉得(教材P51)Darwin suspected that the fi

20、nches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before.达尔文认为这些雀科小鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来，这个祖先很久以前就来到了这些岛屿。例He is the prime suspect in the case.他是这个案子的首要嫌疑人。知识拓展suspect that.认为/猜想/觉得suspect sb. to be.怀疑某人是suspect sb. of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做过)某事即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子What he said so

21、unded reasonable，but I suspected it to be (be)a lie.The doctor suspected that he was ill with flu.What made you suspect her of having stolen the money?你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？Sentence Pattern重点句式so.that.句型(教材P51)But Darwins scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his t

22、heory.但是达尔文的科学研究非常令人信服，结果越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。句式分析：句中的so.that.表示“如此以至于”，that引导结果状语从句。例He was so angry that he couldnt say a word.他气得说不出话。知识拓展sosuch即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译It is such nice weather that I would like to go to the beach.The shop sells such expensive goods that I want to buy nothing there.He gave me so

23、little time that it was impossible for me to finish the work on time.他是这样好的人，我们不能怪他。aHes such a good person that we mustnt blame him.bHes so good a person that we mustnt blame him.(教材P51)When the Beagle reached the Galpagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds tha

24、t interested him the most.分析本句是一个并列复合句。but连接两个并列分句，第一个分句是复合句，when引导时间状语从句，but后面是一个强调句，强调主语the birds。译文1835年，当“贝格尔号”到达加拉帕戈斯群岛时，达尔文看到了许多新物种，但最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。教材高考1.The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”(2019天津卷)T

25、o many people，technology means computers，handheld devices，or vehicles that travel to distant planets.2.Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments？(2020全国卷)A group of seadwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers.3.Darwin suspected that the finches had

26、 evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before.(2020新高考全国卷)In Samarkand，Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders，while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.单句语法填空1To grow crops，you have to learn how to sow the

27、 seeds (seed)2They collect several blood samples (sample)for analysis at a national laboratory.3The keynote speech is about the evolution (evolve)of the computer.4It was suspected (suspect)that he had some connection with the robbery.5The stone tools indicate the early cultural capabilities of our h

28、uman ancestors (ancestor)6Natural selection ensures only the fittest survive to pass their genes on to the next generation (generate)7The swimmer was sent home from the Olympics in disgrace.8The traditional crosstalk has a long history，dating (date) back to the Qin Dynasty.9The children watched，fasc

29、inated (fascinate)，as the picture began to appear.10It was in a small village in the south that he spent his childhood.短语填空answer the call，be a disgrace，begin with，lead to，of all time，be crowded with，be similar to，look for，according to，be regarded as1Not only is your mark in English a disgrace，but y

30、ou have even failed in mathematics.2He is regarded as the most successful musician of modern times.3Airports，railway stations and longdistance bus stations are crowded with home returners.4He said drought had led to severe crop failure for the second year running.5As a saying goes，a journey of a tho

31、usand miles begins with the first step.6We all need to look for ways to reduce our carbon footprint.7Roberto Baggio was set to become one of the greatest players of all time8Let us suppose another planet with conditions is similar to those on the earth.9If all goes according to plan，the first concer

32、t will be on Tuesday evening.10You must have fallen asleep，because it took you a long time to answer the call.课文语法填空As a young man Charles Darwin was regarded as 1.a disgrace to himself and his family.He didnt complete his 2.medical (medicine)degree at college.However，his adventures on the Beagle le

33、d him to one of the most important 3.discoveries(discovery)The journey on the ship，the Beagle，offered him a good opportunity 4.to study (study) the living things on the islands.He was so fascinated by rocks，plants and animals on the islands 5.that he got his room crowded with samples.It was believed

34、 at that time that all species 6.had appeared(appear) on Earth at the same time and hadnt changed since.Through his careful observation，he began to think 7.differently (different)He noticed that the beaks of the finches had some differences between them from one island to another according to what t

35、hey ate on that particular island.So he thought they must have evolved from a common ancestor，and they had evolved to adapt 8.to the environment.Darwin based his new ideas on his observation and generated his theory of 9.evolution (evolve)The book，On the Origin of Species，explained his theory，10.causing (cause)a heated storm of debate.Today，it is still regarded as one of the most important works ever written.