2021新高考译林英语一轮复习教材研读：第一部分教材要点MODULE 1　UNIT 2　GROWING PAINS WORD版含答案.docx

1、Module 1Unit 2Growing pains(主题语境:人与社会成长领悟)1 defend vt.辩解,辩白;防御,保护单句填空They never even gave me a chance (defend) myself.(教材原句)What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs (defend) an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.(2018浙江改编)The female hormones also help the body defend itself som

2、e kinds of infections.完成句子We dont mind sacrificing ourselves (捍卫)the government.The traveller may fire at a wild beast to (保护自己)in case he is attacked.Its natural for a country to (保护自己免受)other countries.1.答案to defendis defendingagainst/fromin defence ofdefend himselfdefend itself from/against(1)def

3、end oneself 自卫,为自己辩护defend.from/against.保护免受的伤害(2)defence/defense n.抵御;答辩in defence of 保卫,为而辩护联想与defend.from.类似的短语还有:keep/prevent/stop.from.阻止做protect.from.保护免受的伤害2 deserve vt.值得;应得;应受单句填空His music deserved in the family.(2019江苏改编)I think your suggestion deserves (try).They didnt deserve (win).句型转换W

4、e should keep in mind that everyones ideas deserve consideration.We should keep in mind that everyones ideas deserve .We should keep in mind that everyones ideas deserve .完成句子唐诗永远值得反复阅读。Tang Poems again and again all the time. They dont (应该得到解释).(教材原句)2.答案to be preserved/preservingtrying/to be tried

5、to winconsidering; to be considereddeserve reading/deserve to be readdeserve an explanationdeserve to do sth. 值得做某事deserve to be done/deserve doing值得被做deserve consideration 值得考虑deserve ones respect值得某人的尊敬易错当物作主语时,deserve后接doing,主动形式表示被动意义,相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need, want, require作“需要”讲时也有类似用法。3 insist vi.坚

6、持;坚持认为;坚决要求语法填空After checking the state of the patient, the doctor insisted that the situation (be) bad and that he (have) 10 days off work to have a rest. But he insisted going back to work without hesitation.句型转换If you insist doing something,do it everyday.=If you persist doing something,do it eve

7、ryday.完成句子他们坚持要和我们一起去看电影。They to see the film with us.这个老人坚持他应该被平等对待。The old man insisted that he equally.他坚持认为他是班上最好的学生。He insisted that he in his class.3.答案was(should) haveonon/upon;in insist on going tobe treatedwas the best studentinsist on(doing)sth.坚持(做)某事insist that.坚持认为,坚决要求易错insist that:表示“

8、坚持认为”时,从句用陈述语气;表示“坚决要求”时,从句用虚拟语气,谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。联想后接宾语从句时,从句用虚拟语气的常见动词有:一坚持(insist),二命令(order, command),三建议(advise, suggest, propose),四要求(demand, require, request, ask),外加一个敦促(urge)。辨析insist与persistinsist指坚持意见、看法、主张等,常与on连用。insist作“坚决要求”讲时,后面从句要用虚拟语气。persist多用于坚持行动,意为“坚持,执意”,常和in连用。4 harm vt. &

9、n.伤害选词填空:harm,injure,hurt和destroyWhile the suns rays can age and our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.(2019课标全国改编)The school was completely by fire.The court case will do serious to my business.Youll her feelings if you forget her birthday.Being in the leg made it impossible for me to wa

10、lk as fast as usual.一句多译未经分类乱扔垃圾对我们的环境有害。Throwing rubbish without classifying it our environment. our environment. our environment.4.答案harmdestroyedharmhurtinjured does harm tois harmful toharms(1)harm sb./sth.do harm to sb./sth.do sb./sth. harmbe harmful to sb./sth.对某人/物有害;伤害某人/物there is no harm in

11、 doing sth.=it does no harm to do sth.做某事没有什么坏处(2)harmful adj. 有害的harmless adj. 无害的be harmless to sb./sth.对某人/物无害辨析damage, destroy, injure, harm和hurt(1)damage可指不同程度的损害、破坏,通常指那种使价值、有用性和有效性减少的损害;(2)destroy常指毁灭性的破坏;(3)injure可以指对健康、外表、前景或生活的舒适带来反面影响;(4)harm与hurt主要指带来痛苦、悲伤、损失或损害。5 forbid vt.禁止(forbade, f

12、orbidden)单句填空Dont you think it any good (forbid) smoking in public places?He was in poor health, so the doctor forbade him (drink) wine.I think square dancing is of great benefits, and it shouldnt (forbid).Thus iron cake moulds(模具) should be forbidden (prevent) children from lead (铅) poisoning.句型转换考

13、虑到他的学习,他的爸爸禁止他在微信上聊天。In view of his study, his father forbade him/his chatting on WeChat.=In view of his study, his father on WeChat.=In view of his study, his father on WeChat.写作升级We are forbidden to play on the lawn belonging to him.(用it作形式主语改写) on the lawn belonging to him.5.答案forbiddingto drinkb

14、e forbiddento preventforbade him to chatforbade him from chattingIts forbidden for us to play forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事forbid sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事Its forbidden(for sb.)to do sth.(某人)做某事是禁止的。联想(1)forbid的近义词是ban和prohibit,ban/prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事。(2)forb

15、id后常接动名词作宾语,这类常考动词还有admit(承认)、avoid(避免)、consider(考虑)、deny(否认)、imagine(想象)、mind(介意)、escape(避免)等。6 limit n.界限;限制 vt.限制单句填空Many boys become risk-takersthey want to find their own limits and the (limit) of the world around them, but may not have the wisdom to make good choices in their behaviour.(教材原句)

16、To people who are used to the (limit)choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener.We have had to set limits camping, hiking and river running.完成句子It does point out that many parents still (限制电子阅读).(2018课标全国改编)句型转换You should limit the length

17、of the article to 400 words or so.(改写为被动语态)The length of the article 400 words or so.6.答案limitslimitedonlimit electronic readingshould be limited to(1)a limit to.的限度set a limit to/on给设定限度(2)limit.to.把限定在范围内(3)limited adj.有限的be limited to 受限于;被限制在范围内联想time limit 时间限制speed limit 速度限制to the limit 到顶点;到

18、最大限度within limits 在某种程度上;有一定限制upper limit 上限lower limit 下限7 leave vt.使处于某种状态,使一直做某事单句填空Mr. Bush says he left office (satisfy) that “I had always done what I believed was right.”.Dont leave the water (run) while you brush your teeth.He asked me yesterday when I should leave Paris.写作升级Who left the doo

19、r (open)?=Who left the door (keep) open?These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack and left behind a vast hole,the caldera. (用非谓语动词升级)(2019江苏改编)These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack, a vast hole,the caldera.7.答案satisfiedrunningfo

20、ropen;kept leaving behindleave out遗漏,省略;把排除在外,不包括leave alone让独自待着;不打扰,不干预leave sth. to sb./leave sb. sth.将某物留赠给某人leave for动身前往归纳“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,充当宾语补足语的有:形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、现在分词、过去分词及动词不定式。8 upset adj.不高兴的,失望的;心烦的 vt.使不高兴,使失望单句填空Once I was not very good at English. I didnt know enough words and my g

21、rammar was also poor, which really (upset) me.=Once I was not very good at English. I didnt know enough words and my grammar was also poor, which really made me (upset). 一句多译使他心烦的是考试没及格。 was that he didnt pass the exam. was that he didnt pass the exam. that he didnt pass the exam.8.答案upset;upsetWhat

22、 upset himWhat made him upsetIt upset him(1)be upset about/sth.为某事心烦/难过be upset with sb.对某人生气be upset to do sth.对做某事感到不安/难过(2)upset oneself about sth.为某事而烦恼It upsets sb.to do sth./that.让某人心烦的是易错upset充当形容词时常用作表语,不能作定语。1 be supposed to 应该,应当单句填空But, but. you werent supposed (come) home until tomorrow!

23、(教材原句)Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加)of what are supposed to (require) vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. (suppose)she doesnt come, what shall we do?句型转换你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。You in your homework yesterday. (be supposed to)You in your homework yesterd

24、ay. (should)You in your homework yesterday. (ought to)1.答案to comebe requiredSupposing/Supposewere supposed to have handedshould have handedought to have handedbe supposed to do sth.应该做某事be supposed to have done sth. 本应该做某事(实际上未做)be supposed to be.被认为是I suppose so. 我认为是这样。I suppose not.(=I dont suppo

25、se so.)我认为不是这样。suppose/supposing(that)假设;假定联想表示“本来应该做某事(但未去做)”的结构还有should have done sth.和ought to have done sth.等。2 along with与一起;除之外(还)单句填空Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, (be) regarded as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.The babys mother along with two other children

26、(have) already escaped from the fire.完成句子Generally speaking, he is easy (与相处). (跟我走)with us, if you like.If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment (除了之外)training.(2019课标全国改编)2.答案ishasto ge

27、t along/on withCome alongalong withget along/on with (事情)进展;与相处come along跟随,跟着来take sth. along with sb.某人随身带着某物all along一直,始终易错主语后面有along/together with, with, besides, but, except, including, like, as well as, rather than等词或词组引出的短语时,谓语动词要与主语保持一致。1 过去分词作状语Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog,

28、 walking very slowly.埃里克跑进去,后面跟着一只大狗,走得很慢。单句填空 (offer)an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous. (translate)into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.Though (surprise)to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.The officer walked out

29、 of the hall, (follow)by a group of reporters.完成句子 (专注于我的每一个动作), the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture.1.答案OfferedTranslatedsurprisedfollowed Absorbed in every move of mine教材原句中的followed by a big dog为过去分词短语作伴随状语,follow与主语Eric在逻辑上是被动关系。过去分词除了作伴随状语外,还可以作方式、条件、时间和原因状语等。归纳(1

30、)分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前和构成分词的动词与句子主语为被动关系这两点是选用过去分词作状语时首先要考虑的;(2)确定状语的类型时,要从分词所表示的动作与句子谓语动作的逻辑关系、分词的位置等入手;(3)过去分词不用于作目的状语和结果状语。2 with的复合结构The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.房间一团糟,地上放着披萨盒,水槽里放着脏盘子。单句填空I mention the single parent with four kids (run) the show

31、and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on.(2019课标全国改编)With these main reasons mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day.(2018北京改编)With nothing (do),Tom sleeps at home.You should go to sleep with the light (turn) off.With winter (come) on,its time to buy w

32、arm clothes.With all the things she needed (buy),she went home happily.写作升级(用with的复合结构改写下列句子)The College Entrance Examination is drawing near,so the students feel great pressure. , the students feel great pressure.随着生活质量的提高,看电影被认为是一个好的娱乐方式。 , watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainme

33、nt.2.答案runninginto doturnedcomingboughtWith the College Entrance Examination drawing nearWith the quality of life improved“with+宾语+宾语补足语”有六种情况:(1)with+名词/代词+现在分词;(2)with+名词/代词+形容词;(3)with+名词/代词+副词;(4)with+名词/代词+不定式;(5)with+名词/代词+过去分词;(6)with+名词/代词+介词短语。易错在with的复合结构中, 要特别注意宾语和宾语补足语之间的逻辑关系, 根据主动(现在分词)

34、、被动(过去分词)、表示将来(不定式)等来选择正确的补足语形式。3 have sth. done使被Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.丹尼尔双臂交叉,看上去很不高兴。单句填空He had his arm (injure) while riding a bike in the street.You should understand the traffic rules by now. Youve had it (explain) often enough. I had the light (burn) all night.Excuse me,

35、 sir, where is Room 301?Just a minute. Ill have Bob (show) your room to you.Dont bother to see me out. I have a friend (wait) for me downstairs.I have a lot of readings (complete) before the end of this term.3.答案injuredexplainedburningshow waitingto complete“have sth. done”表示“使被”,这个结构也可以表示个人遭遇(通常为不好

36、或不幸的遭遇)。联想 have sb./sth. doing让一直做have sb./sth. do 让做have sth. to do有某事要做(动作由主语发出,不定式作后置定语)have sth. to be done 有某事要做(动作不是由主语发出,不定式作后置定语)cant/wont have sb. doing.不允许某人做4 It is/was+adj.+of/for sb. to do sth.It is also foolish of him to eat so many sweets.对他来说吃这么多糖是愚蠢的。单句填空It is necessary us to get th

37、e preparations done.It was careless him to leave his umbrella in the bus.完成句子Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but (也与这些结果有关).(2019课标全国改编) (你太好了)to help me.=You are kind to help me.Its hard for him (一个人做这件事). 4.答案forofit is also responsible for those outcomesIts kind of youto

38、 do it aloneIt is/was+adj.+of/for sb. to do sth.句式中,it为形式主语,后面的不定式短语为真正的主语。(1)表示人的性格特征、品行表现或智力等的形容词,如good, kind, nice, generous, cruel, rude, polite, careful, clever, foolish, right, wrong, (un)wise等(这些形容词可以用人作主语),通常用of。(2)表示事物特征的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, (un)necessary, (im)possible等(这些形容词用事物作主语),

39、通常用for。5 完全倒装Along with these physical changes, there come many psychological changes.伴随着这些生理变化,也有许多心理变化出现。单句填空Between the two buildings (stand) a tall pine.Present at the meeting (be) some famous scientists. (hang) on the wall is the clock bought in Germany. (bury) in the sand were some ancient Fre

40、nch coins.Now (come) your turn.On the wall (be)two pictures.5.答案standsare/wereHangingBuried comesare当句首为表示方位、地点、时间的副词或介词(短语)out, in, up, down, off, away, here, there, south, north, in the room, in front of, on the top of, now, then等时,谓语为不及物动词或系动词be,且主语为名词时,句子用完全倒装。易错(1)当主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语的语序不变。例如:Away h

41、e went.(2)以here, there, now, then开头的句子,常用一般现在时表将来。(3)主谓一致。上述倒装结构中谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。6 every time引导时间状语从句Also, every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.而且,每次我看影碟,他总是让我上床睡觉,或者告诉我花更多时间在学习上。单句填空You dont have to go running upstairs every time she (ring).Every time

42、 she travels on the bus it (delay) by at least three hours.The company struck out first time it tried to manufacture personal computers.完成句子下次你去买东西,多买点水果蔬菜。 you go shopping, throw in a few extra fruit and vegetables.郎(平)一踏进体育场,所有的人都站了起来。 Lang stepped into the stadium, nobody could stay seated. 我记得每次

43、你来我们学校的时候,你都给我看一些关于那个主题的照片。I remember you showed me some photos on that theme you visited our school.6.答案ringsis delayedtheNext timeThe moment/minute/instant/second/As soon asevery timeevery time为名词短语,在此处用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意思是“每当”。联想可以引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有each time/the first time/next time/the last time。点津the

44、first time 表示“第一次”,在句中可作宾语、表语,还可以用作连词,引导时间状语从句。for the first time 表示“第一次”,独立作状语,不能引导从句。1 教材与语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Passage 1Many teenagers feel1(lone), as if no one understands2and the changes they are going through. Day by day, everything seems3(difference), yet the same. Life never se

45、ems4(be)going fast enough;yet, in other ways, like a race car, life seems to be rushing too fast and even going out of control. These feelings are a common part of5(adolescent). They can be thought of6growing pains. As teenagers grow, it is normal for them to become7(confuse)with the changing world.

46、 During adolescence, teenagers grow taller and their voices get8(deep). Along with these physical changes, there come many psychological changes.9good news is10these kinds of growing pains do not last. In the end everything turns out OK.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.lonely2.them3.different4.to be5.adoles

47、cence6.as7.confused8.deeper9.The10.thatPassage 2Eric sat on his bed. Daniel had his arms 1(cross) and looked upset.Daniel said his parents never even gave him 2 chance to defend himself. Eric suggested he should tell them they had an 3(emergent). But Daniel didnt tell them anything. 4 he thought the

48、y didnt trust him. They didnt deserve an explanation.Eric thought if they knew that Spot was sick and that we used the money 5(take)the dog to the clinic 6 we spent all of yesterday waiting for him ,so we had no time to clean the house. 7, their parents didnt ask their sons 8 happened instead of sho

49、uting at them,they realized they were too hard on Daniel and at that time they 9(wonder) if there was a reason why the house was a mess .But Daniel had been so rude 10 them,they felt like they had to punish him or he wouldnt respect them.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.crossed2.a3.emergency4.Because5.to ta

50、ke6.where7.However8.what9.were wondering10.to2 教材与话题写作.写作要点用本单元所学词汇和句式结构完成。1.青春期是我们青少年走向成年的一段时期。(period;adolescence)2.我们经历一些身体上和心理上的变化。(go through;physical;psychological)3.我们经常感到孤独,对周围变化中的世界感到困惑。(become confused about)4.我们可能会面临很多困难和挑战。(challenge)5.我们渴望独立,希望表现得像成年人。(independence)6.我们的父母不能容忍我们认为正常的行为。

51、(tolerate;behavior;normal)7.烦恼似乎多于收获,不过二者会让我们的生活变得更加丰富多彩。(more than).连句成篇将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 答案.参考范文Adolescence is a period when we teenagers grow into adults. During this period we go through some physical changes as well as psychological changes. For example,we often feel lonely and become

52、 confused about the changing world around us. Besides,we may face a lot of difficulties and challenges. We desire independence,and want to act like adults. But our parents cant tolerate our behavior which we think is normal.Although it seems that pains are more than gains,we believe both of them make our life more colorful.