2021版山东新高考英语人教大一轮复习限时规范练21（必修5　UNIT 1） WORD版含解析.docx

1、限时规范练21(必修5Unit 1)核心素养关键词:培养学生人与科学、学习伟大科学家的思维意识一、阅读理解AGeorge Washington Carver was born sometime in the early mid-1860s.A sickly child,Carver was unable to work in the fields,so he did gardening.He was left with many free hours to walk in the woodsbeginning his career with nature.He soon became know

2、n as the “Plant Doctor” and would help friends and neighbors manage sick plants.In 1890,Carver began to study music and art at Simpson College.His artwork was on show at the 1893 Worlds Fair.Painting gave him the chance to combine his two lovesart and nature.Yet it was his talents for gardening that

3、 took him in another direction in 1891.Carver became the first African-American to attend what is today Iowa State University.He proved to be a first-class student and upon graduation he became the schools first African-American teacher.In 1896,he received an invitation from Tuskegee Normal and Indu

4、strial School in Tuskegee,Alabama.Upon arriving,he found that the school was short of money so Dr.Carver had to equip his own lab.He and his students would search trash heaps (垃圾堆) for things to use.This proved that Dr.Carver was well ahead of his time.In 1916,he published a research report on peanu

5、ts,which helped many farmers turn to peanuts as a cash crop and saved the economy of the South when it was destroyed by the cotton insects attack.Carver continued his research with the peanut.He went on to find many uses for the peanut.But he didnt invent peanut butter (花生酱).Dr.Carvers research earn

6、ed him much worldwide praise.Dr.George Washington Carver died on January 5,1943,and was buried at Tuskegee.Carver contributed his whole life savings to Tuskegee.Upon his death,Franklin D.Roosevelt gave him this title “an inspiring example to youth everywhere”.1.How was Carvers childhood?A.He dreamed

7、 of being a doctor.B.He grew crops in the fields.C.He enjoyed good health.D.He took up gardening.2.What do we know about Carvers life in Tuskegee Normal and Industrial School?A.He was well paid by the school.B.He relied on himself to build his lab.C.He saved money by picking up trash.D.He published

8、his findings ahead of time.3.What can be learned about Carvers report on peanuts?A.It made a contribution to the economy.B.It included new findings on peanut butter.C.It prevented peanuts from insects attacking.D.It helped farmers find many other uses of peanuts.BIn the past few weeks Richard Eckers

9、ley has noticed a change in people who come into his shop.The previous Manchester United footballer,who turned his back on the game to set up the UKs first “zero waste” store on Totnes High Street in Devon,says it is no longer only environmentalists who came in,looking for a cleaner way to shop.“A l

10、ot of new people are coming in.We are getting calls every week from around the country from people wanting to set up something similar in their towns,” says Eckersley,who set up the Earth.Food.Love shop with his wife Nicola in March 2017.More than 200 miles away,Ingrid Caldironi shares the enthusias

11、m.She set up the plastic-free Bulk Market in east London.“We have had an amazing response,” she says.Eckersley and Caldironi are at the head of an anti-plastic movement in the UK that has been fuelled by newspaper investigations including The Guardians Bottling It series and The Blue Planet televisi

12、on series.But their enthusiasm is not shared by big supermarkets,which have no interest in reducing their plastic waste.“For a nation of shopkeepers we are falling behind in this race,” says Sian Sutherland,founder of the campaign A Plastic Planet which led the calls for plastic-free goods shelves.W

13、andering through supermarkets where everything is covered in plastic,Sutherland says action rather than words is needed.Her co-founder Frederikke Magnussen explains the origins of their campaign.“It started with two unreasonable women who wanted choice and supermarkets are all about choice,right? I

14、can buy sugar-free,fat-free,African food,Asian food,yet if I want to buy plastic-free it is impossible for me to do so.”Eckersley says,“After Willow,my daughter,was born,it made me think about what future lies ahead for her.I wanted to say that I at least tried,and I wanted to make a difference.”4.W

15、hat has happened to Richard Eckersleys business?A.It has spread worldwide.B.It is attracting large numbers of customers.C.It has received many complaints about its goods.D.It is facing fierce competition from other similar stores.5.What do we know about Ingrid Caldironi?A.She lost money on her busin

16、ess.B.She built a plastic-free store in Devon.C.She had little interest in waste reduction.D.She took part in an anti-plastic movement.6.How have big supermarkets reacted to the plastic-free idea?A.They are giving up their original ideas.B.They are offering more choice.C.They show little concern for

17、 it.D.They support it.7.What led to the campaign A Plastic Planet?A.Customers need for plastic-free goods.B.Plastic coverings in supermarkets.C.The Blue Planet television series.D.Richard Eckersleys store.二、七选五What does it really mean to be successful?1.It is about being able to live a happy life.If

18、 you want to have a successful life,here are three things you need to focus on.1.Believe in yourselfIf you dont believe in yourself,how do you expect other people to? When you believe in yourself,it fuels (促进) your creativity and your motivation to do things.All successful people from Gandhi to Tesl

19、a believed in themselves.2.We all have to trust that we have the ability to turn the impossible into the possible.2.Know your intention3,it is important to have an understanding of your intention.If your intention is simply rooted in money and fame,you are never going to truly feel successful.Money

20、and fame only serve the ego (自负) and dont provide true feelings of success.For a truly successful life,your intention has to be rooted in your purpose and passions.When your intention is to serve your purpose,make a change in the world and express your talents,you will feel true success and satisfac

21、tion.3.4Success is all around you right now.Stop to take a moment and youll notice the amazing success that is already present in your life.5.Being thankful for the tiniest successes in life will help you to create more and more success.A.Realize you are already successfulB.Discover the true meaning

22、 of successC.This is what gave them the drive to succeedD.If you want to create a good living conditionE.When it comes to achieving greatness in this lifeF.That is when you will start to feel truly successfulG.Success is much more than just money or fame三、语法填空Louis Pasteur was a French scientist who

23、 developed cures for many dangerous 1. (illness).He also successfully invented a way to kill bacteria in milk and make it safe to drink.Pasteur was born in 1822,in Dole,France.He was a courageous student who 2. (frequent) asked questions,searched for answers and challenged incorrect ideas.He 3. (rec

24、eive) a Doctor of Science degree in 1847.While 4. (work) at the University of Lille,Pasteur discovered fermentation,a chemical change used to make bread,cheese and other foods,involved germs.He showed that heat killed the germs that cause fermentation.This 5. (discover) led to his invention of a pro

25、cess for destroying harmful germs in food,which became 6. (know) as pasteurization (巴氏灭菌法).In the 1870s,Louis Pasteur sought to find a cure for anthrax a disease 7. mainly affects cattle.Firstly,he found anthrax was much more likely if farmers buried dead sheep with the disease in fields.Pasteur adv

26、ised farmers not 8. (bury) any dead animals in areas where cattle may eat growing grass in the future.In 1881 he conducted an experiment to try out his vaccine for anthrax,which was 9. success.Pasteur died in 1895,in Saint-Cloud,France.On his last day he remarked:“I should like to be younger,so as t

27、o devote myself 10. the study of new diseases.”参考答案限时规范练21(必修5Unit 1)一、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了植物学家George Washington Carver的生平。1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“he did gardening”可知,George Washington Carver年少时料理花园。2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Upon arriving,he found that the school was short of money so Dr.Carver had to equip his own l

28、ab”可知,George Washington Carver所在的学校没有足够的资金,因此他依靠自己的力量来建立实验室。3.A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“In 1916,he published a research report on peanuts,which helped many farmers turn to peanuts as a cash crop and saved the economy of the South”可知,George Washington Carver的研究拯救了当时南方的经济危机。【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了Eckersley的环保商店以及很

29、多像他一样的人为减少白色污染而做出的努力。4.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A lot of new people are coming in”可知,Richard Eckersley的商店吸引了众多消费者。5.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Eckersley and Caldironi are at the head of an anti-plastic movement in the UK”可知,Caldironi加入了抵制塑料制品的运动中。6.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But their enthusiasm is not shared by big supermarkets,whi

30、ch have no interest in reducing their plastic waste”可知,大超市对抵制塑料制品的做法并不关心。7.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It started with two unreasonable women who wanted choice”可知,A Plastic Planet运动来源于顾客对无塑料制品的需求。二、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章就成功提出三点建议,告诫人们:成功不仅仅只是收获名利,而是内心的满足。只要相信自己、明确目标、懂得满足,你就是成功的。1.G根据上文“What does it really mean to be

31、successful?”及下文中的“It is about being able to live a happy life”可知,此空应为成功的定义。G项指出:成功不只是金钱和名誉,符合上下文语境。2.C根据上文中的“All successful people from Gandhi to Tesla believed in themselves”可知,此空为:正是他们相信自己,才取得巨大成就。C项符合语境。3.E根据下文中的“If your intention is simply rooted in money and fame,you are never going to truly fe

32、el successful”可知,如果目标不正确,就不会觉得自己成功,因此上文提出:在讨论如何取得成功之前,首先要对人生的目标有正确的理解。E项符合语境。4.A根据下文中的“youll notice the amazing success that is already present in your life”可知,第三点建议为:要意识到你已经是成功的。A项符合语境。5.F根据上文的描述可知,停下脚步,你就会发现你所取得的成就。F项中That is when.呼应上文中的moment,此时此刻你会感受到真正的成功。三、1.illnesses考查名词复数。设空处做宾语,表示“疾病”,由many

33、可知,此处应用名词复数,故填illnesses。2.frequently考查副词。设空处做状语修饰谓语动词,表示 “常常”,故填副词frequently。3.received考查一般过去时。由in 1847可知,设空处表示的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填received。4.working考查动词-ing形式做状语的用法。Pasteur与work之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,且由While可知,work表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生,故填working。5.discovery考查名词。设空处做主语,表示“发现”,因为设空处前有限定词This,故填名词discovery。6.known考查过去分词做表语的用法。设空处做表语,which在此指代process,因为know与process之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故填known。7.that/which考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰disease,且在从句中做主语,故填that或which。8.to bury考查不定式做补语的用法。advise sb.not to do sth.意为“建议某人不做某事”。9.a考查不定冠词。success在此表示“成功的事”,是可数名词,且表泛指,故填a。10.to考查介词。devote oneself to.意为“献身于”。