2020_2021学年高中英语Unit2FitforlifeWelcometotheunit.doc

1、Unit 2 Fit for life课时素养评价四Unit 2Welcome to the unit & Reading. 单句语法填空1. It is vital that you (should) wear (wear) a mask to prevent haze when going out. 2. He has the potential to become (become) a chemist. 3. To my astonishment, everyone looked astonished when I announced the astonishing news excep

2、t Tom, who remained very calm. (astonish)4. Some owners wish they could try out the car in a race track to observe its performance. 5. The technology, in my opinion, could have applications(apply)in such fields as military, medicine and public safety. 6. One of the most effective(effect)ways to redu

3、ce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. 7. She desperately wanted to win her fathers approval (approve). 8. There is a great deal of evidence indicating(indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the brain. 9. Not only regular exercise but also good amounts of slee

4、p every night are(be)important for your health. 10. If there were (be) no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. . 选词填空be beneficial to, try out, open up, due to, in the form of, take place, focus on, by accident, apply to, pick out1. A detailed plan is beneficial to your study

5、and work. 2. These programmes will open up markets for farmers. 3. These herbs will inspire you to try out all sorts of exotic-flavoured dishes. 4. Everything that humans hear is in the form of waves. 5. Ten million people have been forced to leave their homes due to the heavy rain and flooding. 6.

6、The magician picked out several persons from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. 7. Focus on one task until its done, then move to the next. 8. As we all know, many things were invented by accident. 9. A strong argument has taken place among students since our school made s

7、tudents do voluntary labor. 10. If you wish to join the club, you should apply to the secretary in the first instance. . 阅读理解A persons chances of falling ill from a new strain (菌株) of flu are at least partly determined by the first strain they ever met with, a study suggests. Research in Science Jou

8、rnal looked at the 18 strains of influenza A (甲型流感) and the hemagglutinin protein (红血球凝集素蛋白) on its surface. They say there are only two types of this protein and people are protected from the one their body meets first, but at risk from the other one. A UK expert said that could explain different p

9、atterns in flu pandemics (流行病). The researchers, from University of Arizona in Tucson and the University of California, Los Angeles, suggest their findings could explain why some flu outbreaks cause more deaths and serious illnesses in younger people. The first time a persons immune system meets a f

10、lu virus, it makes antibodies targeting hemagglutinin protein that sticks out of the surface of the virus like a lollipop (棒棒糖). Even though there are 18 types of influenza A, there are only two versions of hemagglutinin. The researchers, led by Dr Michael Worobey, classed them as “blue” and “orange

11、” lollipops. They said people born before the late 1960s were exposed to “blue lollipop” flu viruses H1 or H2 as children. In later life they rarely fell ill from another “blue lollipop” flu H5N1 bird flu, but they died from “orange” H7N9. Those born in the late 1960s and exposed to “orange lollipop

12、” flu H3 have the opposite pattern. His team looked at cases of H5N1 and H7N9 two kinds of bird flu which have affected hundreds of people, but have not developed into pandemics. The researchers found a 75% protection rate against severe disease and 80% protection rate against death if patients had

13、been exposed to a virus with the same protein version when they were children. Dr Worobey said the finding could explain the unusual effect of the 1918 “Spanish flu” pandemic, which was more deadly among young adults. “Those young adults were killed by an H1 virus and from blood analysed many decade

14、s later there is a pretty strong indication that those individuals had been exposed to a mismatched H3 as children and were therefore not protected against H1. The fact that we are seeing exactly the same pattern with current H5N1 and H7N9 cases suggests that the same fundamental processes may gover

15、n both the historic 1918 pandemic and todays contenders (争夺者) for the next big flu pandemic. ”Jonathan Ball, professor of University of Nottingham, said, “This is a really neat piece of work and provides a reason why human populations have been sensitive to different strains of bird influenza over t

16、he past 100 years or so. The findings are based on analysis of patient records and they certainly need further proof in the laboratory, but nonetheless the results are pretty amazing and inspiring. ”【文章大意】本文是说明文。实验表明: 人类第一次患流感的类型决定了以后患流感的机会。文章结合实例对此进行了说明。1. The findings, if proved, will help people

17、_. A. protect themselves from flu attacksB. analyze more clearly the records of a patient infected with a bird fluC. find out who are easier to get infected with a bird flu than othersD. find new drugs to cure patients of flu infections【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段A persons chances of falling ill from a new st

18、rain of flu are at least partly determined by the first strain they ever met with和最后一段This is a really neat piece of work and provides a reason why human populations have been sensitive to different strains of bird influenza over the past 100 years or so. 可知这些发现为人类在过去100年左右的时间里对不同种类的禽流感病毒敏感提供了理由, 帮助

19、人们查明哪类人更容易患禽流感。故选C。2. The researchers use “blue lollipop” and “orange lollipop” for two versions of hemagglutinin in order to produce _. A. a good visual effectB. a good logical effectC. an effect of being abstractD. an effect of being clear【解析】选D。推理判断题。第三段用“blue lollipop”和 “orange lollipop”的例子说明了不同

20、时期出生的人易患不同种类的流感的事实, 研究人员这样分类是为了提供一种清晰的效果。故选D。3. While what Dr Worobey said is focused on the facts, Jonathan Balls remarks on the research are focused on_. A. the popularity of the researchB. challenges and the current situationC. summary and future plansD. evaluation and influences【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后

21、一段Jonathan Ball说的The findings are based on analysis of patient records and they certainly need further proof in the laboratory, but nonetheless the results are pretty amazing and inspiring. 可知Jonathan Ball注重的是实验结果的评价和影响, 故选D。4. What can serve as the best title of this passage?A. Cure for Bird Flu No

22、t Far AwayB. First Flu Affects Lifetime RiskC. New Classification of Flu PandemicsD. How Bird Flu Affects People【解析】选B。标题归纳题。文章第一段A persons chances of falling ill from a new strain of flu are at least partly determined by the first strain they ever met with点明了研究结果, 人类第一次患流感的类型决定了以后患流感的机会。下文是实验过程结合具体

23、实例进行的分析, 说明了此成果的重要意义。B项: First Flu Affects Lifetime Risk点明了本文主题, 概括全文, 适合作为标题。故选B。【方法技巧】标题归纳的方法是: 先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句, 若无明显主题句, 就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句, 记叙文中寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时, 务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。【阅读多维训练】1. They say there are only two types of this protein and people are

24、protected from the one their body meets first, but at risk from the other one. 分析: 在句中 and连接两个并列的宾语从句, 作动词 say的宾语; 第一个宾语从句含有 there be句型, 在第二个宾语从句中 their body meets first为定语从句, 修饰 the one。翻译: 他们表示此类蛋白只有两种类型而人类只对首先遇到过的一种有免疫能力, 而对另一种则有感染风险。2. The first time a persons immune system meets a flu virus, it

25、 makes antibodies targeting hemagglutinin protein that sticks out of the surface of the virus like a lollipop. 分析: 在句中连词 the first time引导时间状语从句; that引导定语从句, 修饰antibodies。翻译: 当人体免疫系统首次在机体内发现流感病毒时, 将会针对红血球凝集素这种形同棒棒糖的、定位于病毒外壳表面的受体蛋白产生特异性抗体。. 阅读填句(2020广州高二检测) Many people believe that heart disease only

26、affects older men. 1. The reality is that people of all ages die of heart attacks each year. And while death rates have declined in the U. S. and many western European countries, they are on the rise in the developing world. Yet most heart disease is preventable. The challenge of heart disease is th

27、at it may be silent for years before causing any noticeable problems. No one would have guessed that Barbara Teng would have a heart attack. She was not overweight. “In 2014, the week after I turned 49 when I was on a business trip in Chicago I had a major heart attack, ” she said. 2. She now exerci

28、ses daily and monitors her heart health. Dr. Patrice Nickens who is with the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute thinks that heart disease is 82 percent preventable. “3, ” she said. “Men are also facing the same problem and the key to staying healthy is knowing your numbers”. “Your weight, your

29、blood cholesterol, blood sugar and your blood pressure are important numbers that can help you take action and reduce your risk, ” she said. 4. “And the steps to take are simple: Dont smoke, maintain a healthy weight, exercise, know your numbers and talk to your physician and control these risks, ”

30、she said. African-Americans are at higher-than-average risk for heart disease and stroke; people dont even know they have it, which increases the risk. Medstar Washington Hospital Center is trying to reach this population. 5. For example, they help the people monitor their blood pressure. If people

31、realize they are at risk for heart disease, theyll make lifestyle changes: Lose weight, exercise, eat the right foods and keep in touch with a doctor. A. With the right training, they can play an important role in community healthB. A healthy lifestyle can prevent heart diseaseC. Lack of exercise ca

32、uses heart attacksD. It is the leading cause of death for womenE. This is a set idea that is not trueF. And that changed her lifeG. So we must cure heart disease【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国和西欧一些国家的心脏病死亡率降低了, 表明心脏病是可以预防的。此外也介绍了心脏病的预防方法, 不吸烟、保持健康的体重和坚持锻炼都是健康的生活方式。1. 【解析】选E。根据下文The reality is that people of

33、all ages die of heart attacks each year. (事实上, 每年各个年龄段的人都死于心脏病。)可知认为心脏病只影响老年人是一个不正确的观念。故E选项“这是一个不正确的固定观念”符合上下文语境, 故选E。2. 【解析】选F。根据后文She now exercises daily and monitors her heart health. (她现在每天锻炼, 监测自己的心脏健康。)可知心脏病改变了Barbara Teng的生活。故F选项“那改变了她的生活”符合上下文语境, 故选F。3. 【解析】选D。根据后文Men are also facing the sam

34、e problem and the key to staying healthy is knowing your numbers(男性也面临着同样的问题, 保持健康的关键是知道自己的数字)可推知本空是在说明心脏病对女性的影响, 故D选项“它是女性死亡的主要原因”符合上下文语境, 故选D。4. 【解析】选B。根据后文“And the steps to take are simple: Dont smoke, maintain a healthy weight, exercise, know your numbers and talk to your physician and control t

35、hese risks, ” she said. (她说: “采取的步骤很简单: 不要吸烟, 保持健康的体重, 锻炼身体, 了解你的数字, 和你的医生谈谈, 控制这些风险。”)可知是在说明健康的生活方式, 即健康的生活方式可以预防心脏病。故B选项“健康的生活方式可以预防心脏病”符合上下文语境, 故选B。5. 【解析】选A。根据下文For example, they help the people monitor their blood pressure. (例如, 他们帮助人们监测他们的血压。)可知通过培训, 这些人也可以在社区卫生方面发挥重要作用。故A选项“通过适当的培训, 他们可以在社区卫生方面发挥重要作用”符合上下文语境, 故选A。