2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 13课时作业（含解析）新人教版必修第一册.doc

1、UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS课时分层作业(十三).单词拼写1A great deal of money has been collected to help those suffering from the floods(洪水)2Too much drinking will do damage_(伤害) to your health; you should take the doctors advice.3After they survived (幸存)that night，they did believe that everything would be all righ

2、t.4I am sure that with great efforts (努力)，we will enjoy a colourful life here.5After the electricity (电) was cut off，the lights went out.6After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours，the police sent out a rescue (营救) team to look for them.7He suffered (遭受) from poor eyesight and co

3、uld no longer read properly.8Yesterday，I climbed the mountain top to breathe(呼吸)the fresh air.9Many British people have expressed doubts about the wisdom (明智)of the decision.10We are interested in the weather because it affects (影响) us so directly what we wear，what we do and even how we feel.阅读理解AOn

4、 February 3,1931, the peace of New Zealands Hawkes Bay region was destroyed when the area was hit by the worst earthquake in New Zealands history. At 10：46 am. on that summers day, the quake hit with a magnitude of 7.9 on the Richter scale(里氏震级). The centre of the quake lied some 15 to 20 kilometers

5、 north of the two main centers, Napier and Hastings. The quake lasted for two and a half minutes. Many people died in the earthquake.A fire broke out immediately after the quake. The fire started in a chemists shop and spread quickly. Then the Fire Department in Napier came to help, but they were at

6、 a loss to control the fire as a result of losing their water supply. However，the water supply in Hastings, was still usable, allowing them to fight back against the fire.The force of the earthquake destroyed many of the citys famous landmarks. Chunks of the coastline were thrown into the sea. Napie

7、rs Bluff Hill, a popular tourist spot, was completely destroyed and thrown into the waters below.Most of the major buildings in the city were completely destroyed. Roads and communications across the whole area were cut. People were afraid to enter their homes for days and found shelters at the loca

8、l Motor Camp or on the beach. There were about 150 aftershocks in the 24 hours after the main shock. Over the next 2 weeks, there would be 525 such aftershocks.【语篇解读】本文介绍了1931年2月3日新西兰的霍克斯湾地区发生的严重地震及其造成的极大损失。1The worst earthquake took place in New Zealand _.Aat nightBin the morningCat noonDin the aft

9、ernoonB细节理解题。根据第一段“.when the area was hit by the worst earthquake in New Zealands history.At 10：46 am. on that summers day，the quake hit with a magnitude of 7.9 on the Richter scale”可知B项正确。2The firefighters in Napier failed to put out the fire probably because _.Athere was no usable waterBthey could

10、nt get close to itCthe flames spread too quicklyDThe wind was very strongA细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“but they were at a loss to control the fire as a result of losing their water supply”可知答案。3The last two paragraphs mainly tell us that_.Athere were many places of interest in New ZealandBthe earthquake damaged

11、 the city seriouslyCmany famous landmarks were thrown into the seaDpeople were afraid to enter their homes for sleepB段落大意题。根据文章最后两段的内容可知地震摧毁了城市里的许多著名地标，这座城市的大部分主要建筑被完全摧毁了，即地震对城市破坏严重。4Whats the best title for this passage?AThe 1931 Hawkes Bay earthquakeBNew Zealands two citiesCThe great fire after th

12、e great earthquakeDThe citys famous landmarksA标题归纳题。整篇文章介绍了1931年霍克斯湾的地震以及地震给该地区所造成的损害。BStages of Hurricane: Simple Storms Grow Into GiantsA storm progresses through four different stages before it is actually considered a hurricane. First is a tropical disturbance (热带扰动), which has thunderstorms and

13、 rotating(旋转的) winds. Next is a tropical depression (热带低气压), which is similar to a tropical disturbance, but has winds between 23 and 39 miles per hour. A tropical storm is the next level，which has stronger wind speeds between 40 and 73 miles per hour. Once winds reach 74 miles per hour the storm is

14、 officially called a hurricane. The wind picks up energy from the warm surface of ocean water.As a hurricane crosses over land, it begins to become weaker or break apart and reduce in strength. This is because it is no longer over the warm ocean water that it needs for energy. At this point, a hurri

15、cane can still cause a lot of damage because of high winds, rain, and flooding. But unless it makes its way back over the open ocean, it is downgraded from a hurricane back to a tropical storm.Whats Your Name, Hurricane?Hurricanes and tropical storms are given names to help people recognize them. Sc

16、ientists refer to hurricanes and storms by name as they track them across the ocean.Before 1953, hurricanes were not given official names. From 1953 through 1978, hurricanes were only given female names, like Isabel, Camille，Claudette, and Wilma. Beginning in 1979, hurricanes were given the names of

17、 both women and men.Today, the names alternate male and female, and they are named in order of letters.For example, in 2010, storms were named as follows: Alex (male), Bonnie (female), Colin (male), Danielle (female), Earl (male) and so on.There are six different lists of names that change, so the s

18、ame names are used every six years.The only way that a new name is added is when a hurricane has been particularly deadly or costly and the name is retired, then replaced with a new one.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了飓风的四个阶段和其命名方式。5What happens when a hurricane crosses over land?AIt breaks apart and forms torn

19、adoes.BIt returns to the ocean afterwards.CIt moves more quickly.DIt becomes less powerful.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“As a hurricane crosses over land，it begins to become weaker or break apart and reduce in strength.”可知，当飓风越过陆地时，它开始变得越来越弱，故选D。6The underlined word “alternate” in Paragraph 4 means“_”Atake turn

20、s betweenBcarry onCcome fromDcause trouble toA词义猜测题。根据文章第五段“For example，in 2010，storms were named as follows: Alex(male), Bonnie (female)，Colin(male)，Danielle(female)，Earl (male)and so on.”可知，风暴的名字是按照字母顺序依次选取男子名和女子名的。此句在画线单词所在的句子之后，由此推知画线单词的含义为“依次选取”。故选A。7What do we know about the hurricanes?ASix co

21、mmon hurricane names are often used.BAn old name will be replaced every year.CMost of them are deadly and costly.DThey didnt have official names until 1953.D推理判断题。文章第四段第一句“Before 1953，hurricanes were not given official names (1953年以前，飓风没有正式的名称)”与D项表达一致。故选D。.阅读七选五A volcano is a geological landform us

22、ually caused by the eruption through a vent (火山口) in a planets surface of magma (岩浆), molten rock welling up from the planets interior. 1 A popular way of judging volcanoes goes by their frequency(频率) of eruption. 2 Those that have erupted in historical times but are now quiet called dormant (休眠的) a

23、nd those that have not erupted in historical times called extinct. 3 The lifespan of a volcano can vary from months to several million years, making such a distinction (辨别) sometimes meaningless when compared to the lifespans of humans or even civilisations. For example，many of the earths volcanoes

24、have erupted dozens of times in the past few thousand years but are not currently showing signs of eruption. Given the long lifespan of such volcanoes, they are very active. 4 Scientists usually consider a volcano active if it is currently erupting or showing signs of unrest, such as unusual earthqu

25、ake activity or significant new gas emissions. 5 It is important to note that the span of recorded history differs from region to region. In the Mediterranean, recorded history reaches back more than 3,000 years but in the Pacific Northwest of the United States, it reaches back less than 300 years,

26、and in Hawaii, little more than 200 years. The Smithsonian Global Volcanism programmes definition of “active” is having erupted within the last 10,000 years.ABy our lifespans，however, they are not.BThose that erupt regularly called active.COne way of classifying volcanoes is by the type of material

27、erupted.DObviously, such eruptions tend to be destructive mainly in one direction.EMany scientists also consider a volcano active if it has erupted in historic time.FThere is no real agreement among volcanologists on how to define an “active” volcano.GVolcanoes of various types are found on other pl

28、anets and their moons as well as on the earth.【语篇解读】本文介绍了火山的三种类型：活火山、休眠火山和死火山。1G根据第二段中提到的火山的三种类型可知，所填的句子是引出下文的过渡句，G项符合语境。2B根据下文的“Those.and those.”可知，此处介绍的是火山的三种类型，所填的句子和后面的句子是并列关系，所以选B项。3F所填的句子是本段的主题句。本段主要介绍的是活火山。按照火山的寿命来看，它是活火山；按照人类的寿命来看，它不是，因此对于活火山科学家的意见不一致。4A与上文的“Given the long lifespan of such volcanoes，they are very active.”形成对比，所以填A项。 5E根据“Scientists usually consider a volcano active.”可知，E项是对上文的进一步说明。