2021-2022学年高中人教版英语选择性必修一课时评价 UNIT 1　READING AND THINKING WORD版含解析.doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。一Unit 1Reading and Thinking. 单词拼写 1. The digital economy is crucial (关键的) in todays world. 2. Cultural exchange is vital (极其重要的)for the countries like China and Fiji to learn from each other for common development. 3. An objective (客观的) s

2、tatement is based on facts and observations. 4. It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated (评价) in terms of overall quality. 5. The children from poor families were at a distinct (明显的) disadvantage. 6. The hospital has recently obtained (获得) new medical equipment, allowing more pati

3、ents to be treated. 7. The candidate waved his hands to acknowledge (感谢) the cheers of the crowd. 8. With her luggage in her hands, the girl stood looking round in all directions, but apparently (显然) no one had come to meet her. 9. His discovery is one of the greatest scientific (科学的) achievements o

4、f the decade. 10. This book teaches you how to analyse (分析)what is causing the stress in your life. . 选词填空commit oneself to, be distinct from, be acknowledged as, insist on, lead to, by chance1. Silk is distinct from rayon in every respect. 2. He committed himself to study English. 3. His words led/

5、lead to a heated discussion among the students. 4. She is acknowledged as the best tennis player in the world. 5. Our buyers insist on high standards of workmanship and materials. 6. The pair met often at first by chance but later by design. . 完成句子1. Upon/On reaching the top of the mountain, I had a

6、 feeling of pride and a sense of achievement. 一登上山顶, 我就有自豪感和成就感。2. Showing his teeth and making a loud noise, the bear came out of the bushes. 熊从灌木丛里出来, 露出牙齿, 发出一种巨大的声音。3. This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说我已经读了三遍, 它很感人。4. I suggest buying her a toy bear for her birthd

7、ay present. 我建议给她买一个玩具熊作为生日礼物。5. We concluded/made a conclusion that physical activity is controlled by the brain, not by the environment. 我们的结论是, 身体活动是由大脑控制的, 而不是由环境控制。. 阅读理解A (2020汕头高二检测)On the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou, winner o

8、f the 2015 Nobel Prize for the discovery of artemisinin, has been awarded Chinas Medal of the Republic. The medal is the countrys highest honour for outstanding figures that have made great contributions to the construction and the development of the P. R. C. Tu Youyou, born in 1930, has become the

9、first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize, for her work in helping to create an anti-malaria medicine. The 84-year-olds route to the honour has been anything but traditional. In China, she is being called the “three nos” winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and shes never worked overseas. In 1967

10、, malaria, a then deadly disease, spread by mosquitoes was decimating Chinese soldiers fighting Americans in the jungles of northern Vietnam. A secret research unit “Mission 523” was formed to find a cure for the illness. Two years later, Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of “Mission 5

11、23”. “Mission 523” read ancient books carefully for a long time to find historical methods of fighting malaria. When she started her search for an anti-malaria drug, more than 240, 000 compounds(化合物)around the world had already been tested, without any success. Finally, the team found a brief refere

12、nce to one substance, sweet wormwood, which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 A. D. The team took out one active compound in wormwood, and then tested it. But nothing was effective until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she changed the

13、drug recipe one final time, heating the compound without allowing it to reach boiling point. After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. “In any case, Tu Youyou is consistently praised for her drive and passion”.

14、 One former colleague, Lianda Li, says Ms Tu is “unsociable and quite straightforward”, adding that “if she disagrees with something, she will say it. ”Another colleague, Fuming Liao, who has worked with Tu Youyou for more than 40 years, describes her as a “tough and stubborn woman”. Stubborn enough

15、 to spend decades piecing together ancient texts, she applies them to modern scientific practices. The result has saved millions of lives. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了发现青蒿素的科学家屠呦呦以及她的事迹。1. According to Paragraph 2, we can learn that_ . A. Tu is the first woman to win a Nobel PrizeB. Tu has a medical degre

16、eC. Tus road to success is not traditionalD. Tu discovered a cure for malaria【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“The 84-year-olds route to the honour has been anything but traditional. ” 可知, 这位84岁老者的荣誉之路一点也不传统。故从第二段我们可知, 屠呦呦的成功并不传统。故选C。2. The underlined word “decimating” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by _. A. en

17、couragingB. killingC. annoying D. benefiting【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“In 1967, malaria, a then deadly disease”可知, 疟疾是一种致命的疾病, 根据“A secret research unit Mission 523 was formed to find a cure for the illness. ”可知, 一个秘密的小组被成立来寻找治愈这种疾病的方法。由此可知, 这种疾病正在杀死与美国人作战的中国士兵。故“decimating”意为“杀死”。故选B。3. Which of the fol

18、lowing statements is true? A. Tu first invented the idea of using sweet wormwood as a cure. B. Tu was inspired by medical textbooks published in northern Vietnam. C. The compound needs to be heated to the boiling point to be effective. D. Over 240, 000 compounds were proved ineffective before Tus se

19、arch. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“When she started her . . . success. ” 可知, 当她开始寻找抗疟疾药物时, 全世界已经检测过24万多种化合物, 但都没有成功。由此可知, 在屠呦呦寻找之前, 超过24万种化合物被证明是无效的。故选D。4. Tu Youyou can be best described as a _person. A. devoted and stubbornB. straightforward and meanC. considerate and toughD. sociable and generous【解析】选A。

20、推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Another colleague, . . . tough and stubborn woman. ”可知, 同事形容屠呦呦是一个顽固的人。根据文章倒数第二段中“After the drug . . . drug. ”可知, 在这种药物在老鼠和猴子身上显示出有希望的效果后, 屠呦呦自愿成为第一个接受这种新药的人。由此可知, 屠呦呦是一个有奉献精神的人。故选A。【方法技巧】词义猜测题是阅读题中常见的出题形式。做这类题时, 要根据词、词组或句子所在的语境, 即上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。比如: 根据语境, 根据同义关系、对比关系

21、、因果关系等, 尤其需注意熟词生义。例如本题第2小题的答案是根据因果关系猜测出来的。这种疾病正在杀死与美国人作战的中国士兵。“疾病致命”是因, 士兵“被杀死”是果。故“decimating”意为“杀死”。故选B。B(2021成都高二检测)What are scientists? They are often described as gray-haired white-coated dull scholars. But the world has changed. Young scientists are making their voices heard and releasing thei

22、r powers on the world stage. This is also true in China. Rising stars include new materials expert Gong Yongji, university professor Liu Mingzhen, and biologist Wan Ruixue. At the age of 28 in 2018, Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists. This is a global prize

23、to reward outstanding scientists at an early stage of their careers. She focuses mainly on biomedicine(生物医学)and artificial intelligence(人工智能). “Both are cutting-edge (前沿) technologies at an early stage of development, ” she said. “So, I think they have great potential to be developed. I think in the

24、 study of cutting-edge technologies, China and other leading countries in the world are standing on the same starting line. And in the study of structural biology, China is likely to become the leader. ”She felt it was her fate to become a biologist. “I grew interested in the natural world, when I w

25、as very young, ” she said. In 2009, she entered Sun Yat-sen University. In her third year at the university, she realized that she wanted to do something related to biomedicine. So she emailed Chinas top biologist Shi Yigong, hoping to join his lab at Tsinghua University. Shi recognized her talent a

26、nd welcomed her. Years of efforts at the lab have paid off. Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough. Unlike many of other young scientists who choose to pursue further study abroad, Wan currently has no plan to go overseas. “The whole ecosyste

27、m for scientific research is continually improving in China, ” she said, adding the country has great science facilities. 【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发声, 并释放他们的力量。在中国也一样, 越来越多的年轻科学家投身科学研究, 对社会做出了巨大的贡献。他们对中国的科学技术和科学研究充满自信。5. What does the underlined word “releasing” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Giving o

28、ut. B. Getting over. C. Finding out. D. Taking over. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。由第二段“Young scientists are . . . stage. ”可知在世界舞台上, 年轻的科学家们正在发出他们的声音, 释放他们的力量。从句子中可以看到making their voices heard和releasing their powers并列, 可以根据making their voices heard(发出自己的声音)猜测出releasing有“发出, 散发”之意, 故选A。6. What does Wan Ruixue feel ab

29、out the study of cutting-edge technologies in China? A. Anxious. B. Confident. C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第五段可知万蕊雪认为在前沿技术研究方面, 中国和世界上的其他主要国家都站在相同的起跑线上。在结构生物学研究方面, 中国可能成为引领者。从这些话可以推断, 对中国前沿技术的研究, 万蕊雪充满信心。故选B。7. What can we learn about Wan Ruixues journey of becoming a biologist? A.

30、Her teacher led her into the field. B. She finds its easier than she thought. C. Her contribution has been recognized. D. She thinks its boring but worth trying. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由倒数第三段可知施一公认可了她的才能, 欢迎她加入。在实验室数年的努力得到了回报。由此可以看出在万蕊雪成为生物学家的过程中, 她的付出得到了认可。故选C。8. Which can be the best title of the text? A. C

31、hinas Breakthrough in ScienceB. Rising Young Scientists in ChinaC. Wan Ruixue: A Successful Young ScientistD. New Image of Chinese Scientists【解析】选B。主旨大意题。由第二段可知在世界舞台上, 年轻的科学家们正在发出他们的声音, 释放他们的力量。由第三段可知在中国也一样。冉冉升起的新星包括从上述内容可以看出关键词是China, Rising stars和Young scientists。所以文章标题是中国正在升起的年轻科学家。故选B。【阅读多维训练】1.

32、 What is Wan Ruixue major research field? The biomedicine. 2. What do you think of the role the rising young Chinese scientists are playing in Chinas development? They are playing a leading role. 3. What can we know from the last paragraph? Chinas environment of science and technology is becoming be

33、tter and better. . 完形填空I still remember I was 11 years old when I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010. We were in the fallout of the recession(经济衰退). She said a polite “no”. That didnt stop me. I googled the measurements for a keyboard, drew the keys on a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk. I

34、 would click 1on an online keyboard and “play” them back on my paper one keeping the 2they made on the computer in my head. I spent six months playing without touching a real piano. Once my mom saw that I was 3, she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons. I still remember the first one. I was4by ho

35、w real the sound of the piano was. I sat my grade one after eight lessons. Once I started secondary school, we couldnt5lessons again. I passed grade three, then grade five, practicing only on my piece of paper. One evening, When I was about 13, my mom said she had a surprise for me; it was an electr

36、onic keyboard, bought with more6money. It was the first time Id played for her. She was in shock. My school didnt offer music A-level. I found the Purcell School for young musicians. The tryouts(选拔) were 7. Some of the questions 8an estimation (评价) of the composer or when it was written. I felt over

37、whelmed(不知所措). To my 9, I was offered a place. At Purcell, I spent two years working as hard as I could. I performed to10money and saved enough to buy my first piano. When I left Purcell, I was11 the senior piano prize and senior academic music prize. I am now at the Guildhall School in London. I fe

38、el 12; its been 10 years since I drew my paper piano, and Im at one of the worlds 13 music schools. The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano: What we call14 practice. The paper piano helped spark my 15about how music works, the building blocks that form the pieces.

39、 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者痴迷于弹钢琴, 从弹自己制作的纸钢琴开始, 作者经过刻苦的练习, 一步一步地实现了自己的钢琴梦, 取得了瞩目的成就。1. A. notesB. linesC. music D. pictures【解析】选A。句意: 我会点击网上键盘上的音符, 然后在我的纸质键盘上“弹”它们让它们在电脑上发出的声音留在我的脑海里。根据上文作者喜欢弹钢琴, 但没钱, 作者就在网上查到钢琴尺寸, 用纸画了一张钢琴键盘。当然作者应该是点击钢琴上的音符。2. A. shape B. gesture C. move D. sound【解析】选D。句意: 我会点击在线键盘上的

40、音符, 然后在我的纸质键盘上“弹”它们让它们在电脑上发出的声音留在我的脑海里。上文说我会点击在线键盘上的音符, 所以这里意思是然后在我的纸质键盘上“弹”它们让它们在电脑上发出的声音留在我的脑海里。故选D。3. A. careless B. serious C. modestD. kind【解析】选B。句意: 当我妈妈看到我是认真的时, 她借钱给我买了10节课。上文说我在纸质钢琴上刻苦练习, 所以妈妈看到我是认真的(serious)。故选B。4. A. beatenB. struck C. amused D. entertained【解析】选B。句意: 我被钢琴真实的声音打动。我从来没有接触过真

41、正的钢琴, 所以当我第一次弹钢琴时, 我被钢琴真实的声音打动(struck)。故选B。5. A. receiveB. accept C. afford D. teach【解析】选C。句意: 当我开始上中学时, 我们再也负担不起上课的费用了。根据“I passed grade three, then grade five, practicing only on my piece of paper. ”可知我们再也负担不起上课的费用了。故选C。6. A. paid B. used C. chosen D. borrowed【解析】选D。句意: 它是一个电子键盘, 是用更多借来的钱买的。根据“We

42、were in the fallout of the recession. ”和“she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons”可知我们家的经济条件很不好, 所以电子键盘也是用借来的钱买来的。故选D。7. A. easy B. difficult C. wonderful D. ugly【解析】选B。句意: 选拔很难。根据“I felt overwhelmed. ”可知选拔很难。故选B。8. A. involved B. reminded C. collected D. kicked【解析】选A。句意: 有些问题包括对作曲家的评价, 或它是什么时候写的

43、。根据“. . . an estimation of the composer or when it was written. ”可知这里意思是一些问题包括(involved)这些内容。故选A。9. A. regret B. sorrow C. amazement D. sadness【解析】选C。句意: 令我惊讶的是, 他们给了我一个名额。选拔很难, 但是我却获得了一个名额, 这令我很吃惊。故选C。10. A. raise B. give C. donate D. deliver【解析】选A。句意: 我通过表演来筹集资金, 攒够了钱买了我的第一架钢琴。根据“. . . and saved e

44、nough to buy my first piano. ”可知我在筹集钱买钢琴。故选A。11. A. lent B. rewarded C. awarded D. achieved【解析】选C。句意: 离开普赛尔后, 我被授予了高级钢琴奖和高级学术音乐奖。根据“. . . the senior piano prize and senior academic music prize. ”可知我被授予了(awarded)这些奖项。故选C。12. A. relaxed B. excited C. merciful D. proud【解析】选D。句意: 我感到自豪。根据“. . . and Im a

45、t one of the worlds _music schools. ”可知我为自己感到骄傲。故选D。13. A. conducting B. performing C. leading D. multiplying【解析】选C。句意: 从我画纸钢琴开始, 已经有十年了, 而我现在在一所世界顶尖的音乐学校里学习。根据“I am now at the Guildhall School in London. ”可知我现在在一所世界顶尖的音乐学校里学习。故选C。14. A. physical B. mental C. social D. practical【解析】选B。句意: 就是我们所说的精神的

46、(mental)练习。我在纸钢琴上练习, 这属于精神的练习。故选B。15. A. enthusiasm B. self-respect C. confidence D. self-control【解析】选A。句意: 纸钢琴帮助激发了我对音乐创作以及乐曲构成的热情。根据“. . . about how music works, the building blocks that form the pieces. ”并结合上文内容, 可知是纸钢琴激发了我对音乐的热情(enthusiasm)。故选A。阅读填句The importance of self-improvement often goes u

47、nnoticed. Truth is you cant run away from yourself. The idea should be to focus on continuous self-development at every stage of life. 1. Increase self-awarenessThe first step of self-improvement asks you to become more self-aware. Self-awareness is an ongoing journey. As life goes on, you meet with

48、 different experiences and challenges. 2. To be on the path of self-improvement, its important to never lose touch with yourself. Improve strengthsSelf-improvement lets you identify your personal strengths. 3. It gives you a better understanding of what you are seeking and where you are likely to th

49、rive (繁荣兴旺). It helps you set life goals and make them happen. Step out of the comfort zoneChoosing to work on improving yourself requires you to step out of your comfort zone. It lets you face your fears, try new things, and challenge yourself. There will be times when youll discover a new side of

50、your personality. 4. Dont let failures get you frustrated. And never get too comfortable in familiar spaces because life begins outside your comfort zone. 5. People whore invested in their continuous self-improvement come with an extremely positive attitude towards learning. Instead of being ignoran

51、t and escaping from their problems, they make it a point to learn from their mistakes to grow and succeed. This is a wonderful quality to have as having a learning attitude is instrumental in achieving success. A. Improve mental healthB. Develop a learning attitudeC. And knowing your strengths is im

52、portantD. However, there will also be times when youll failE. They make you more aware of your personality, thoughts and feelingsF. After all, you can only achieve what you want when you know what you wantG. Here are some reasons why self-improvement is important regardless of your age【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文

53、。文章主要列举了人们需要自我完善的几点原因。1. 【解析】选G。上文说自我完善的重要性往往被忽视。而真相是你不能逃避自己。而本文是文章第一段, 引出话题以下就是一些原因, 无论你的年龄大小, 自我完善都很重要。故选G。2. 【解析】选E。空格前句“随着生活继续, 你会遇到不同的经历和挑战”与E项(它们让你更加清楚你的性格、思想和感情)承接自然, 选项E中的they代指前文中的experiences and challenges, 且选项中出现了本段小标题的关键词aware, 故选E。3. 【解析】选C。上文提到: 自我完善让你识别你的个人优势。由此可知, “了解你的优势很重要”切题。注意这里有同一个关键词strengths。故选C。4. 【解析】选D。根据下文“不要让失败使你沮丧。”可知, “然而, 也会有你失败的时候”合乎逻辑, 都讲的是失败时要怎么样, 更切题。注意关键词failures和fail。故选D。5. 【解析】选B。本题是选择段落标题。本段主要讲了那些致力于不断地自我完善的人对学习有着极其积极的态度。所以, “培养学习态度”是最佳选项。故选B。关闭Word文档返回原板块