山东日照市2021届高三3月第一次模拟考试英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、高三模拟考试英语试题本试卷共三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试时间100分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将答题卡上交。第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHeritage on the EdgeIn an effort to

2、preserve some of the worlds most famous landmarks，Google has announced a new project to transform a few of the most endangered by climate change into interactive 3D models，just in case one or all is irreparably(不能恢复地)damaged in the coming decades. Edinburgh CastleEdinburgh Castle comprises 27 buildi

3、ngs on top of an extinct volcano. It was home to many kings and queens. But old roofs and rainwater management systems will become insufficient as they will be unable to deal with the level of storm water associated with extreme weather events. Besides，if temperatures continue to rise，the rate of de

4、cay(腐烂)will increase further. Kilwa KisiwaniKilwa Kisiwani was a regional center of the medieval trading civilization along the East African Coast. Its permanent architecture included ports，Muslim buildings，and the unique“stone houses”. However，the drier weather and subsequently heavy rainfall is th

5、reatening the stability of the ruins，causing the worsening of this exposed heritage site. Mosque City of BagheratThe Mosque City of Bagherat was once a lost city. It has many Muslim buildings，bridges，roads and palaces. A recent report stressed the increasing impacts of sea level rise and changes in

6、salinity(盐度)on this community. Increased salinity not only makes much of the water undrinkable but damages structures. Chan Chan Chan Chan was the capital city of Chimu empire，stretching for nearly a thousand kilometers along the coastline. The city planning reflects a strict political and social st

7、rategy. But site managers today face challenges in rainfall and droughts due to El Nino events and climate change that threaten to gradually wash the ancient city away.1. What do we know about Edinburgh Castle?A. It was built along the coast.B. It is the largest castle in the world.C. It is in dange

8、r of being washed away.D. It used to be the home of royal families.2. Which of the following phenomena is happening in the Mosque City of Bagherat?A. Water pollution.B. Waters becoming salty.C. Water shortage.D. Waters being overused.3. What is probably the biggest threat to the above sites?A. Tempe

9、rature rises.B. Volcanic eruptions.C. Sea water.D. Environmental damage.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于气候变化的影响，四个面临濒危的地标性建筑。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It was home to many kings and queens. ”（它是许多国王和王后的家。）可知，Edinburgh Castle曾是皇室的家园。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“A recent report stressed the increasing

10、impacts of sea level rise and changes in salinity(盐度)on this community. Increased salinity not only makes much of the water undrinkable but damages structures.”（最近的一份报告强调了海平面上升和盐度的变化对这一社区日益增加的影响。盐度的增加不仅使大量的水不能饮用，而且破坏建筑物。）可知，在清真寺城市巴赫拉特，水变得越来越咸。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“, Google has announced a new proje

11、ct to transform a few of the most endangered by climate change into”（谷歌宣布了一项新计划将一些最受气候变化威胁的地区改造成.）可知，这四个地标性建筑最大的威胁可能是温度的上升。故选A。BA 17-year-old Bangladeshi boy has won this years International Childrens Peace Prize for his work to fight cyberbullying(网络欺凌)in his country. The prize winner，Sadat Rahman，

12、promised to keep fighting online abuse until it no longer exists. “The fight against cyberbullying is like a war，and in this war I am a fearless fighter，”Sadat Rahman said during a ceremony on November 13 in The Hague，the Netherlands. He added，“If everybody keeps supporting me，then together we will

13、win this battle against cyberbullying. ”Rahman developed a mobile phone application that provides education about online bullying and a way to report cases of it. He said he began his work on the project after hearing the story of a 15-year-old girl who took her own life as a result of cyberbullying

14、. “I will not stop until were receive no more cases through the app，”Rahman said at the ceremony. The award comes with a fund of over $118，000，which is invested by the KidsRights Foundation. The group chooses projects to support causes that ale closely linked to the winners work. Past well-known win

15、ners of the prize include Pakistani human rights activist Malala Yousafzai and Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg. And the students who organized the March for Our Lives event in 2018 after a deadly mass shooting at their school in the American state of Florida also won the prize. Yousafzai pra

16、ised Rahmans work during the ceremony. She spoke through video conferencing. “All children have the fight to be protected from violence no matter if it is physical or mental，offline or online，”she said. “Cyberbullying damages that fight. ”4. What does Sadat Rahman devote himself to?A. Battling onlin

17、e violence.B. Helping poor children.C. Being a brave fighter.D. Removing school bullying.5. What caused Sadat Rahman to start his project?A. Peoples lack of education.B. His own experience of being bullied.C. A girls death from cyberbullying.D. The wide use of mobile phone apps.6. What is Paragraph

18、5 mainly about?A. The March for Our Lives event.B. Human rights activists in the world.C. A horrible mass school shooting.D. Some previous winners of the prize.7. What can we infer from Yousafzais words?A. Rahmans efforts have paid off.B. Cyberbullying should be got rid of.C. All children have the r

19、ight to fight against violence.D. Children are faced with physical and mental bullying.【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了孟加拉国一名17岁男孩因反网络霸凌获得了今年的国际儿童和平奖。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The prize winner, Sadat Rahman, promised to keep fighting online abuse until it no longer exists”（诺贝尔和平奖得主萨达特拉赫曼(

20、Sadat Rahman)承诺将继续打击网络暴力，直到它不复存在为止。）可知，萨达特拉赫曼致力于打击网络暴力。故选A。2. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“He said he began his work on the project after hearing the story of a 15-year-old girl who took her own life as a result of cyberbullying.”（他说，他是在听到一名15岁女孩因受到网络欺凌而自杀的故事后开始从事这个项目的。）可知，一个女孩死于网络欺凌这件事使萨达特拉赫曼开始了他的项目。故选C。3. 主旨大意题

21、。第五段的关键词是“Past well-known winners of the prize”（过去的著名获奖者）和“students who organized the March for Our Lives event in 2018”（2018年组织“为我们的生命游行”活动的学生），所以本段主要讲述了该奖项以前的一些获奖者。故选D。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段Yousafzai 说的话“All children have the right to be protected from violence no matter if it is physical or mental, offli

22、ne or online, ”she said.“Cyberbullying is a violation of that right.”可知，所有儿童都拥有免受暴力侵害的权利，无论是身体还是心理，无论是线下还是线上。网络霸凌是对这项权利的侵犯。因此，网络霸凌应该被消除。故选B。CLooking for a place to take a rest，sip a cup of coffee and have a furry companion? Welcome to animal-themed cafes. In recent years，the combination of pets and

23、catering has become incredibly popular in many cities throughout China. While many cafes started out offering the company of cats and dogs，others are expanding their range. Some cafes include animals like squirrels，raccoons and even capybaras. In reviews，internet users have commented that their main

24、 reason for visiting these businesses is to interact closely with animals they have only seen from afar. “The customers love animals. They are curious about these pets and want to raise one at home，but circumstances dont allow it，”said pet cafe owner Tian Rui，Liu Jing，a Beijing resident who works in

25、 finance，loves pigs，but her parents would not endorse her getting one as a pet. The 24-year-old had to admire the animals through videos and images. But now，she can have close contact with an adorable pig every weekend in a pet cafe. Also，these pet cafes serve as a shelter for those who find comfort

26、 in being around animals. “In this place，you can get close to the cute little ones in a very comfortable way without having to worry about safety and hygiene(卫生)overall，it is an extremely comfortable experience，”said Zhao Ming from Tianjin，30，a frequent pet cafe visitor. Animal lovers also expect th

27、e pet cafes to change peoples attitudes toward pets. Animals like ducks，pigs and sheep have been served as food for many years. People hardly see them as pets. But the pet cafes help shift their attitude from seeing them as playthings to regarding them as family members or close friends. “Whether at

28、 home or in stores，these little animals are there for companionship and they bring warmth to our hearts. They care and understand just like family members. They give us much more than the love we give to them，”Zhao said.8. Why do people visit pet cafes?A. To pursue inner peace.B. To appreciate anima

29、l images.C. To experience a clean environment.D. To have close contact with animals.9. What does the underlined word “endorse” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Believe in.B. Approve of.C. Prevent.D. Suspect.10. We can conclude from Paragraph 6 that pet cafes may_.A. change our views of animalsB. teach us how

30、to look after pets betterC. show us the importance of having petsD. remind us to value our family and friends11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A Cafes Enjoy Great PopularityB. Ideal Shelters for Lovely AnimalsC. Animals Turn into CompanionsD. Animal Lovers from Different

31、Cities【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。近年来，以动物为主题的咖啡馆悄然兴起。这些宠物咖啡馆改变了人们对动物的态度，它们就像家庭成员一样陪伴人们，给人们带来温暖和爱。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“their main reason for visiting these businesses is to interact with animals they have only seen from afar.”（他们造访这些商店的主要目的是与那些他们只在远处见过的动物互动。）可知，人们拜访宠物咖啡馆的主要原因是想和这些动物进行近距离接

32、触。故选D。2.词句猜测题。根据划线词后面的句子“The 24-year-old had to admire the animals through videos and images.”（24岁的她不得不通过视频和图片来欣赏这些动物。）可知，她父母不赞成她养宠物。“endorse”意思是赞成。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第六段第一句“Animal lovers also expect the pet cafes to change peoples attitudes toward pets. ”（动物爱好者也希望宠物咖啡馆能改变人们对宠物的态度。）和最后一句“But the pet cafe

33、s help shift their attitude from seeing them as playthings to regarding them as family members or close friends.”（但宠物咖啡馆有助于改变他们的态度，从把宠物当作玩具，变成把它们当作家庭成员或亲密朋友。）可知，宠物咖啡馆改变了人们对动物的态度。故选A。4.主旨大意题。根据第六段第一句“Animal lovers also expect the pet cafes to change peoples attitudes toward pets. ”（动物爱好者也希望宠物咖啡馆能改变人们

34、对宠物的态度。）和最后一句“But the pet cafes help shift their attitude from seeing them as playthings to regarding them as family members or close friends.”（但宠物咖啡馆有助于改变他们的态度，从把宠物当作玩具，变成把它们当作家庭成员或亲密朋友。）可知，宠物咖啡馆改变了人们对动物的态度，这些动物就像家庭成员一样陪伴人们。这篇文章最好的题目是“动物变成了伙伴”。故选C。DSingapore researchers say they have developed a fo

35、rm of electronic skin that can create a sense of touch. They hope their invention will give people with prosthetic hands(假肢)the ability to identify different objects. The skin device measures 1 square centimeter. The system contains 100 small sensors that attempt to recreate things like texture(质地)，

36、temperature and even pain. The researchers call the device Asynchronous Coded Electronic Skin(ACES)，which can process information faster than the humans nervous system. Machine learning methods trained the device to recognize 20 to 30 different textures. It can even correctly read Braille letters(布莱

37、叶盲文)most of the time. The system does not require the usersmovement to work. They just need to slide to feel texture. But in this case the skin，with just a single touch，is able to detect textures of different roughness. A demonstration showed that the device could identify the difference between a s

38、oft ball and a solid plastic one. “When you lose your sense of touch，you essentially become numb and prosthetic users face that problem，”said Benjamin Tee，leader of the research team. “So by recreating an artificial version of the skin for their prosthetic devices，they can hold a hand and feel the w

39、armth and feel that it is soft. ”Tee said his idea for the device came from the movie Star Wars，when character Luke Skywalker loses his right hand and it is replaced with a robotic one. In the film，the new hand is able to experience touch sensations just like the real one. The artificial skin techno

40、logy is still going through experiments and development. But Tee said there had already been a lot of interest in the system，especially from the medical community. Tee said similar inventions that his team has developed include see-through skin that can repair itself when torn and a material for wea

41、rable electronic devices that gives off light.12. What can we learn about the artificial skin in Paragraph 2?A. It is sensitive to high temperature.B. It reacts faster than our nervous system.C. It can recognize different objects.D. It helps the users memorize Braille letters.13. What can be inferre

42、d from Benjamin Tees words?A. The artificial skin feels like a real thing.B. People with the artificial skin feel warm.C. People dont want to lose the sense of touch.D. He is sympathetic towards the prosthetic users.14. What inspired Benjamin Tee to create the artificial skin?A. The desire to help t

43、hose in need.B. The life of the disabled.C. A dream of earning more money.D. A scene from a famous movie.15. Which word can best describe the artificial skin technology?A. Profitable.B. Stable.C. Promising.D. Challenging.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了新加坡研究人员已经开发出一种可以产生触觉的电子皮肤。这种人造

44、皮肤就像真的皮肤一样。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“which can process information faster than the humans nervous system.”（它处理信息的速度比人类的神经系统还要快。）可知，人造皮肤的反应速度比我们的神经系统快。故选B。2.推理判断题。根据第四段尤其是最后一句话“So by recreating an artificial version of the skin, for their prosthetic devices, they can hold a hand and feel the warmth and fe

45、el that it is soft.”（因此，通过为他们的假体设备重新创造一种人造皮肤，他们可以握住一只手，感觉到温暖和柔软。）可知，这种人造皮肤就像真的皮肤一样。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Tee said his idea for the device came from the movie Star Wars, when character Luke Skywalker loses his hand and it is replaced with robotic one.”（Tee说他对这个装置的想法来自电影星球大战，当时角色卢克天行者失去了他的手，取而代之的是一个机器人

46、。）可知，这个装置的想法来自电影星球大战中的场景。故选D。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“But Tee said there had already been a lot of interest in the system，especially from the medical community.”（但是Tee说，已经有很多人对该系统感兴趣，特别是来自医学界的。）可知，已经有很多人对该系统感兴趣，尤其是医学界。所以说人造皮肤这项技术是很有前途的。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

47、The carbon footprint shows how much carbon dioxide a person emits(排放)in everyday life. It measures the amount offossil(化石)fuels and electricity someone uses up as well as the carbon footprint of the products they buy. When we use our cars or heat our homes with carbon dioxide，various other gases are

48、 set free. _16_You can measure your carbon footprint by using a calculator that you can find on various websites. _17_ In America for example，every citizen produces about 28 tons of carbon dioxide and other dangerous gases a year；in Great Britain the amount is about 10 tons. _18_ The way we travel，f

49、or example，has a major effect on our environment. Use your bike or walk for short distances. Public transport is a way of getting to places without putting a burden on the environment. _19_ Many environmental experts，however，argue that it often saves energy to buy food that is produced naturally in

50、faraway places than consuming food grown locally in greenhouses. In your home you can contribute to saving energy by turning off lights if you dont need them or by avoiding the use of air conditioners. Recycling plastic glass and paper can also reduce your carbon footprint dramatically. _20_ Only if

51、 we concentrate on reducing carbon emissions together can we hope to make our environment better.A. Many people travel between cities and suburbs every day.B. The carbon footprint is usually measured in tons of CO2 per year.C. These emissions lead to a thicker atmosphere and global warming.D. It is

52、also vital to persuade others to take the same steps that you do.E. There are many actions you can take to reduce your carbon footprint.F. The websites also provide carbon storage tools and methods for individuals.G. Buying local food is another way of restricting emission into the atmosphere.【答案】16

53、. C 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出了减少碳排放量的重要性，并且提出了减少碳排放量的方法。【16题详解】前文“When we use our cars or heat our homes with carbon dioxide，various other gases are set free. ”（当我们使用汽车或用二氧化碳来取暖时，各种其他气体就释放出来了）中的carbon dioxide和various other gases对应选项C中的These emissions。所以选项C（这些排放会导致大气层变厚和全球变暖）切合文意，是“各种其他

54、气体释放出来”产生的结果。故选C。【17题详解】根据后文“In America for example，every citizen produces about 28 tons of carbon dioxide and other dangerous gases a year；in Great Britain the amount is about 10 tons.”（例如，在美国，每个公民每年产生约28吨二氧化碳和其他危险气体；在英国，这个数字约为10吨。）可知，碳足迹通常以每年的二氧化碳吨数来衡量，所以选项B（碳足迹通常以每年的二氧化碳吨数来衡量）切合文意。故选B。【18题详解】根据后文

55、“Use your bike or walk for short distances. Public transport is a way of getting to places without putting a burden on the environment. ”（短距离使用自行车或步行。公共交通是一种不给环境带来负担的出行方式。）可知，此处是指减少碳排放量的措施，所以选项E（你可以采取很多行动来减少你的碳排放量。）切合文意。故选E。【19题详解】根据后文“Many environmental experts，however，argue that it often saves ene

56、rgy to buy food that is produced naturally in faraway places than consuming food grown locally in greenhouses.”（然而，许多环境专家认为，购买远方自然生产的食物往往比消费温室里本地种植的食物更节省能源。）可知，此处是指购买当地食物也可以减少你的碳排放量。所以选项G（购买本地食品是另一种限制排放到大气中的方法。）切合文意。故选G。【20题详解】根据后文“Only if we concentrate on reducing carbon emissions together can we

57、hope to make our environment better.”（只有我们集中精力一起减少碳排放，我们才有希望使我们的环境变得更好。）可知，此处是号召人们一起行动起来。所以选项D（说服别人采取和你一样的措施也是至关重要的。）切合文意。故选D。第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A year after Benjamin Canlas died at 17，his love of helping others lives on. Through a found

58、ation _21_ by his parents，this kind young man is _22_ making the world a better place one bike at a time. In the Philippines，many jobs have been lost _23_ the coronavirus crisis. Thousands of people have to travel to take_24_ jobs to survive. But public transportation has been _25_limited. Benjamins

59、 parents had the idea to _26_ bikes to deserving individuals. At first，their _27_ was to donate seven bicycles. But then they received more than fifty _28_. And then 27 people were awarded bicycles. These bicycles are _29_ to help make their lives a little easier. Among the _30_ is Ronaldo Rosario.

60、He sold rice cakes in the morning and smoked fish in the afternoon. _31_ many kilometers each day，which caused the borrowed bike to break often. So，he often lost _32_ time and some of his earning on repairs. There are people still in need and much more _33_ needs to be offered. The foundation is wor

61、king on launching more sustainable _34_. The goal is that these programs will help more people while also _35_ others to be kind and help those in need.21. A. given upB. set upC. held upD. brought up22. A. stillB. alreadyC. everD. yet23. A. at the cost ofB. in spite ofC. as a result ofD. in case of2

62、4. A. extraB. temporaryC. dangerousD. suitable25. A. completelyB. regularlyC. aimlesslyD. severely26. A. sellB. rentC. give awayD. pay for27. A. planB. dreamC. programD. duty28. A. modelsB. designsC. girlsD. applications29. A. inventedB. intendedC. requiredD. arranged30. A. assistantsB. travelersC.

63、visitorsD. winners31. A. challengingB. measuringC. coveringD. finishing32. A. valuableB. convenientC. enjoyableD. spare33. A. moneyB. joyC. helpD. freedom34. A. projectsB. actionsC. jobsD. courses35. A. orderingB. persuadingC. forcingD. urging【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B

64、 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对夫妻为了将他们去世的儿子的爱心传递下去而成立了基金会，该基金会的项目之一是给需要的人赠送自行车，目前已经有很多人因这一项目而受益。【21题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：通过父母建立的基金会，这个善良的年轻人仍在让世界变得更美好依次（捐赠）自行车。A. given up放弃；B. set up建立；C. held up举起，支持住；D. brought up抚养。根据上文中的“a foundation”和下文中的“by his parents”可知，这个基金会是由Benjam

65、in的父母创建的。故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：通过父母建立的基金会，这个善良的年轻人仍在让世界变得更美好依次（捐赠）自行车。A. still仍然；B. already已经；C. ever曾经；D. yet还，尚（没）。根据上文“Benjamin Canlas died at 17”以及“his love of helping others lives on”可知，Benjamin已经去世了，但是通过父母创办的基金会，他仍然在让这个世界变成一个更美好的地方。still“仍然”，符合语境。故选A项。【23题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：在菲律宾，由于冠状病毒危机，许多人失去

66、了工作。A. at the cost of以为代价；B. in spite of尽管；C. as a result of由于，作为的结果；D. in case of在情况下。上文“many jobs have been lost”和下文“the coronavirus crisis”之间存在因果关系，由于新冠疫情的影响，（在菲律宾，）许多人失去了工作。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成千上万的人为了生存不得不外出做临时的工作。A. extra额外的；B. temporary临时的；C. dangerous危险的；D. suitable合适的。根据上文“many jobs ha

67、ve been lost”可知，许多菲律宾人失去了工作，为了维持生计，他们不得不做一些“临时”的工作。故选B项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是公共交通已经严重受限。A. completely完全地；B. regularly有规律地；C. aimlessly无目的地；D. severely严重地，严格地。根据上文“the coronavirus crisis”及语境可知，由于新冠疫情的影响，公共交通也受到了“严重的”限制。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：Benjamin的父母想把自行车送给有需要的人。A. sell卖；B. rent租；C. give away

68、赠送，捐赠；D. pay for付款。根据下文中的“At first，their _7_ was to donate seven bicycles.”及语境可知，Benjamin的父母打算把自行车捐赠给那些需要的人。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，他们的计划是捐赠七辆自行车。A. plan计划；B. dream梦想；C. program程序；D. duty任务。根据下文“donate seven bicycles”等内容可知，刚开始，捐赠七辆自行车是他们的计划。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但后来他们收到了50多份申请。A. models模型；B. de

69、signs设计；C. girls女孩；D. applications申请。基于上文的分析，可知他们想要捐赠自行车，根据下文“And then 27 people were awarded bicycles.”可知，他们收到了五十多份申请，随后有27人被赠送了自行车。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词（过去分词）词义辨析。句意：这些自行车的目的是帮助他们的生活更容易一点。A. invented被发明；B. intended被计划，打算做；C. required被要求；D. arranged被安排。根据下文中的“to help make their lives a little easier”可知，

70、Benjamin的父母将自行车送给他们的目的是让他们的生活变得更容易一些。be intended to do意为“打算做”，符合语境。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：获奖者包括Ronaldo Rosario。A. assistants助手；B. travelers旅行者；C. visitors参观者；D. winners胜利者，成功者。根据上文“And then27 people were awarded bicycles”及语境可知，Ronaldo Rosario是27个获得捐赠的成功者之一。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天走很多公里，导致借来的自行车经常

71、坏。A. challenging挑战；B. measuring衡量；C. covering覆盖，走完（一段路程）；D. finishing完成。根据上文“He sold rice cakes in the morning and smoked fish in the afternoon.”以及下文 “many kilometers”的语境可知，Ronaldo Rosario上午卖米糕，下卖熏鱼，每天要骑车行驶很长的路程。cover“行走（一段路程）”，符合语境。故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，他经常失去宝贵的时间和他的收入的一部分修理。A. valuable有价值的，宝

72、贵的；B. convenient方便的；C. enjoyable愉快的；D. spare空闲的。基于上文的分析可知，Ronaldo Rosario工作非常忙，根据上文“which caused the borrowed bike to break often”可知，他借的自行车经常出故障，所以说这耽误了他许多“宝贵的”时间。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有很多人需要帮助，需要更多的帮助。A. money钱；B. joy高兴；C. help帮助；D. freedom自由。根据上文“There are people still in need”及下文中的“needs to be

73、 offered”可知，有许多人的生活依旧很艰难，他们非常需要人们的帮助。下文“The goal is that these programs will help more people”可以验证答案。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该基金会正致力于启动更多可持续发展的项目。A. projects工程，项目；B. actions行动；C. jobs工作；D. courses课程。根据下文“The goal is that these programs will help more people”可知，该基金会准备发起更多的可持续的项目。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。

74、句意：我们的目标是，这些项目将帮助更多的人，同时也敦促其他人行善，帮助那些需要帮助的人。A. ordering命令；B. persuading说服；C. forcing强迫；D. urging敦促。根据下文中的“be kind and help those in need”可知，发起这些项目的目的是帮助更多的人，并且鼓励敦促他们为人友善、帮助那些需要助的人。urge “大力推荐，敦促”，符合语境。故选D项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In 1991, Beijing musician Wang Wei went

75、 on a tour, when he became fascinated by the shakuhachi, a kind of Japanese bamboo flute (笛子). Later, he found out that the shakuhachi, _36_ was called chi ba in Chinese, was introduced to Japan during the Tang Dynasty (618907). _37_ (astonish) and ashamed of how he was ignorant of the countrys rich

76、 musical tradition as a _38_ (profession) musician, Wang started learning and researching on Chinese musical instruments made of bamboo. He has found that among the 90 wind instruments _39_(identify) by the Chinese Music Dictionary, 47 are made of bamboo. During the past three _40_(decade), the tale

77、nted musician traveled around the country _41_ (find) the finest materials for making bamboo instruments. The small balcony at his home in Beijing has become his studio _42_ instrument making. He also gathered a group of musicians to form the countrys first bamboo orchestra. While _43_ (realize) his

78、 expectation, Wang is also proud that the orchestras birth and development are also an effort of protecting the environment. Bamboo is among _44_ fastest growing plants on earth, gaining 1.2 meters every day under appropriate conditions. Since 2002, the State Forestry Administration _45_ (try) to re

79、place the use of wood with bamboo to protect the environment.【答案】36. which 37. Astonished 38. professional 39. identified 40. decades 41. to find 42. for 43. realizing 44. the 45. has been trying/has tried【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。音乐家王伟在发现了尺八后开始学习和研究中国的竹制乐器，在实现自己的音乐梦想的同时又保护了环境。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，他了解到尺八在唐代（61

80、8-907）传入日本，汉语中又称尺八。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为shakuhachi，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一名职业音乐家，他对中国丰富的音乐传统一无所知，这让他感到震惊和羞愧，于是他开始学习和研究中国的竹制乐器。此处是指他感到震惊，应用-ed结尾形容词astonished表示“震惊的”。故填astonished。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一名职业音乐家，他对中国丰富的音乐传统一无所知，这让他感到震惊和羞愧，于是他开始学习和研究中国的竹制乐器。修饰名词musician，应用形容词。故填profession

81、al。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他发现，在中国音乐大辞典收录的90种管乐器中，有47种是竹子制成的。动词identify意为“识别”，和逻辑主语instruments构成被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填identified。40题详解】考查名词复数。句意：在过去的三十年里，这位才华横溢的音乐家周游全国，寻找制作竹制乐器的最好的材料。decade意为“十年”，为可数名词，在three后应用名词复数。故填decades。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的三十年里，这位才华横溢的音乐家周游全国，寻找制作竹制乐器的最好的材料。他周游全国是为了寻找制作竹制乐器的最

82、好的材料，应用动词不定式，表目的。故填to find。42题详解】考查介词。句意：他在北京家中的小阳台成了他制作乐器的工作室。他在北京家中的小阳台是为了制作乐器的工作室，表示“为了”，应用介词for。故填for。【43题详解】考查省略句。句意：在实现自己的期望的同时，他也感到自豪的是，乐团的诞生和发展，也是对环境保护的一种努力。此处while引导时间状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语相同时，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。动词realize和主语Wang构成主动关系，应用现在分词。故填realizing。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：竹子是地球上生长最快的植物之一，在适当的条件下，竹

83、子每天能长1.2米。在最高级fastest前应用定冠词the。故填the。45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：自2002年以来，国家林业局一直在努力以竹子代替木材来保护环境。根据时间状语Since 2002可知，此处可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填has been trying/has tried。第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John来信说，他在自学汉语时，发现汉字的读音很难掌握。请你给他回信，内容包括：1. 表示理解；2. 提出建议。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear John，_Yours，

84、Li Hua【答案】Possible version:Dear John,Knowing that you have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation, I think it doesnt matter. After all, its difficult for foreigners to grasp it. However, some practical approaches are of great help. Obviously, it is highly recommended to refer to Xinhua Dictionar

85、y when you come across a challenging Chinese character. Then, with mobile phones catching on, some Chinese learning apps are increasing popular with Chinese learners because they are so handy and quick that you can acquire the pronunciation. I know for sure that you will make much progress in learni

86、ng Chinese pronunciation. It is welcome to write to me when you are in trouble. Yours, Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友John回信，对学习汉字读音很难掌握表示理解并提出建议。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 表示理解；2. 提出建议。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）have trouble learning the Chinese

87、 pronunciation;it doesnt matter; practical approaches; refer to Xinhua Dictionary; some Chinese learning apps; make much progress第三步：连词成句（包含关键句，至少3句）1.Knowing that you have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation, I think it doesnt matter. 2.After all, its difficult for foreigners to grasp it. 3.

88、However, some practical approaches are of great help.4.Obviously, it is highly recommended to refer to Xinhua Dictionary when you come across a challenging Chinese character. 5.Then, with mobile phones catching on, some Chinese learning apps are increasing popular with Chinese learners because they

89、are so handy and quick that you can acquire the pronunciation.6.I know for sure that you will make much progress in learning Chinese pronunciation. 7.It is welcome to write to me when you are in trouble.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Se

90、cond And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sotha

91、t 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1Knowing that you have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation, I think it doesnt matter.（现在分词作状语）高分句型2 Then, with mobile phones catching on, some Chinese learning apps are increasing popular with

92、 Chinese learners because they are so handy and quick that you can acquire the pronunciation.（with独立主格）高分句型3I know for sure that you will make much progress in learning Chinese pronunciation.（that引导的宾语从句）第二节(满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When there was news that a storm was coming,

93、Sarah didnt think much about it. She simply shrugged it off like any other normal day. When she went to the grocery store and saw that it was full, she still didnt worry. People ran like mad between aisles (过道), grabbing what they could. Bare shelves and long lines made Sarah chuckle (窃笑). They must

94、 be overreacting, she thought. On her way home, she looked overhead. Dark clouds were indeed forming. And they seemed to be moving quickly across the sky. Still, Sarah was not bothered. The rain would be nice since it had been warm lately. When she got home, Sarah made popcorn and sat on the sofa wi

95、th her dog, Cooper, and got ready to watch a movie. Just as she hit play on the remote, she heard the thunder. Rain started to come down hard, making it almost impossible to see the trees in her front yard through the window. Cooper immediately jumped from the sofa, barking in fear in the corner.“It

96、s OK.” Sarah said. She moved to one side and saw Cooper looked a bit nervous. Sarah turned off the movie and instead skipped to the local news station. The storm was much more serious than she had thought. People in a nearby city even said they spotted a tornado. The reporter advised people to stay

97、inside and secure all of the doors and windows. Sarah got up and began making her way around the house. Cooper followed close behind as she checked all of the windows to make sure they were all fully closed. By the time she got back to her sofa, the rain had stopped. “That wasnt so bad,” Sarah said

98、aloud. “Just a nice shower.”She turned to cooper, who had gone back to the corner and still looked a bit frightened. She looked outside. It was actually very calm, but she could see that the wind was picking up. The branches of the trees were swinging and the garbage bin had tipped over.注意：1. 续写词数应为

99、150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Obviously, a storm was on its way. _Trapped at home, Sarah wondered how she could survive. _【答案】Possible version:Obviously, a storm was on its way. Sarah saw something like a gray funnel moving in the distance. Tornado! In a flash, with a burst of thunder, rain poured down

100、 once again, beating heavily against the windows. The wind was roaring and many trees were uprooted. The storm lasted days, which made Sarah increasingly nervous. Cold and hungry, she regretted she had made no preparations for the terrible weather! Trapped at home, Sarah wondered how she could survi

101、ve. Just then, she thought of the community helpline. She telephoned to state her difficulties. An hour later, Sarah heard a knock at the door and in came the community workers with food and necessities. She was really grateful for their timely help. It is the true kindness and love in the community

102、 that helped her survive the terrible weather.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了主人公萨拉在天气预报说即将有暴风雨时不以为然，没有储备食物。但是暴风雨来了，甚至变成了龙卷风，萨拉担心极了。她在社区工作者的帮助下得到了食物和生活必需品。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“很明显，一场风暴就要来了。”可知，第一段可描写暴风雨来临，情势严重，萨拉为没有准备而后悔。由第二段首句内容“莎拉被困在家里，不知道怎样才能活下去。”可知，第二段可描写萨拉是如何获得帮助的。2.续写线索：暴风雨来临暴风雨持久后悔求助社区获得帮助感谢3.词汇激活行为类大

103、雨瓢泼：rain pours down/rain comes down in a splash想到：think of/come up with情绪类感谢：show appreciation/show gratitude/be grateful【点睛】高分句型1Sarah saw something like a gray funnel moving in the distance.（现在分词作宾语补足语）高分句型2The storm lasted days, which made Sarah increasingly nervous.（which引导的定语从句）高分句型3Trapped at home, Sarah wondered how she could survive.（过去分词作状语）