2020-2021学年高中英语 Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe Introduction .doc

1、课时素养评价十三Module 5Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary. 根据语境及汉语提示填空1. People here are not going to take a leap(跳跃) in the dark. 2. Jackie and Ben came to a joint(共同的) decision as to where they would live. 3. It was the most terrifying accident Id ever witnessed(目击). 4. Assuming (假设) that the universe

2、 is peppered with these planets. 5. He burst (爆发)into uncontrollable laughter at something Id said. 6. They are accustomed (习惯于)to holding back their emotions. 7. The small symbols on this map represent historic(历史性的) places and museums. 8. Her endless patience(耐心)made her the best nurse in the hosp

3、ital. 9. This newly-designed machine is the most advanced(先进的) and well-known in the world. 10. The space shuttle(航天飞机)will orbit a weather satellite. . 选词填空in spite of, at the very beginning of, be accustomed to, be aware of, take off, in shock, take risks, in a state of1. He is in a state of disap

4、pointment after knowing the examination result. 2. Even the doctors were in shock, unable to answer how or why this could have happened. 3. At the very beginning of the term, some of the students may not get accustomed to the new school life. 4. Bill worked incredibly hard and took risks and made sa

5、crifices for success. 5. Although the clouds were dark, the airplane took off. 6. I do not know that Chinas Internet users have been accustomed to this phenomenon. 7. He has modern ideas in spite of his great age. 8. We were aware of students boredom with their studies and decided to reform. 完成句子1.

6、The second country to send a man into space was America. (动词不定式作定语)第二个送人进入太空的国家是美国。2. The little boy stood outside the supermarket, eyes fixed on the toys on the window. (独立主格结构)小男孩站在超市的外面, 眼睛盯着橱窗上的玩具。3. This song is no more pleasant than the one we heard just now. 这首歌同我们刚才听到的那首歌一样不悦耳。(no+比较级+than)4

7、. He sighed, aware that he couldnt change the situation. 他叹了口气, 知道他无法改变局势。(形容词作状语)5. According to Mr Wang, depending too much on computers may lead to a worse memory. 王先生说, 过多地依赖电脑可能会导致记忆力下降。(动词-ing形式作主语). 阅读理解AA new planet-hunting technique has detected the most earth-like planet yet around a star

8、other than our sun, raising hopes of finding a space rock that might support life, astronomers (天文学家) reported recently. “This is an important discovery to answer the question Are we alone? ” said Michael Turner of the National Science Foundation. “The team has discovered the most earth-like planet

9、yet, and more importantly, has proved the power of a new technique that is sensitive (灵敏的) to detecting planets that are fit for people to live on, ” Turner said in a statement. In the last decade, astronomers have detected more than 160 planets moving around stars outside our solar system. Most of

10、these have been gas giant planets like Jupiter, which are unfit for life. But an international team has detected a cold planet about 5. 5 times more massive than the earthstill small enough to be considered earth-likemoving around a star about 20, 000 light years away, close to the center of the Mil

11、ky Way. To find this new planet, the team used a technique called gravitational microlensing (引力微观透镜法). When a planet is circling the closest star, the planets gravity can add its own signature to the light. This kind of light signature was observed on July 11 by a group of telescopes in a project k

12、nown as OGLE, short for Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. “The main advantage of microlensing is the signals for low-mass planets: Theyre not weak signals. Theyre just rare, ” Bennett of the University of Notre Dame in Indiana said by telephone. “If there happens to be a straight line betwee

13、n a foreground star with its planet and the background source star, then youre able to detect that planet. ” 【文章大意】科学家用一项新的技术检测到一颗新的最类似地球的行星, 并研究是否适合人类居住。1. The underlined word “detected” in Paragraph 1 probably means “”. A. discoveredB. destroyedC. createdD. searched【解析】选A。词义猜测题。由第一段第一句A new planet

14、-hunting technique has detected the most earth-like planet yet around a star other than our sun一种新的行星探测技术已经探测(发现)到与地球最类似的行星, 而不是我们的太阳以外的恒星, 可知, 这里detect指的是探测、发现的含义, 这与discover的含义相同。2. The authors purpose in writing this passage is to . A. prove that scientists have a lot of difficulties in doing sci

15、entific researchB. explain why this planet moves around a star like our sunC. teach the readers some basic knowledge about the universeD. tell people about a new technique that finds the most earth-like planet moving round another star【解析】选D。 推理判断题。文章主要讲述的是科学家用一种新的技术, 找到了宇宙中最像地球的行星, 并研究是否适合人类居住。3. F

16、rom the news report we can infer that . A. the planet is like the earth because it is close to the center of the Milky WayB. it is quite possible that life may exist on other planets in the universeC. people have no interest in finding a planet that might support lifeD. the question “Are we alone” i

17、s too difficult for scientists to answer【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第一段raising hopes of finding a space rock that might support life, astronomers reported recently. 及第二段“This is an important discovery to answer the question Are we alone? ”可推知有生命可能存在于宇宙中的其他行星上。4. Which of the following statements is NOT true accor

18、ding to the passage? A. The signals coming from low-mass planets are too weak to be noticed. B. Most of the discovered planets are not fit for people to live on. C. If a star with its planet happens to be in line with the source star, then the planet can be found. D. The power of the new technique i

19、s proved by the discovery of the earth-like planet. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由最后一段The main advantage of microlensing is the signals for low-mass planets: Theyre not weak signals. Theyre just rare. 微引力透镜的主要优势是低质量行星的信号: 它们不是弱信号。它们只是罕见。B(2020杭州高二检测)When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure tha

20、t the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the proble

21、m of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes. More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give ot

22、her forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says, “Give me a fish and I eat for a day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime. ” If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share

23、its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even a small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometimes what is taken for granted, like the setting up of a water purificat

24、ion plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can

25、 then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back from time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands. Many countries run extensive courses in all sort

26、s of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned, there is also the build-up of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given

27、 in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。灾难在全球是不可避免的。国际援助雪中送炭, 然而援助要落到实处, 着实要有些高效的措施。5. The second paragraph is developed mainly . A. by exampleB. by processC. by comparisonD. by contrast【解析】选A。推理判断题。本段中多次使用for e

28、xample, like等词语, 由此可推知, 作者主要使用例证法来展开论述。故选A。6. Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands? A. A medical team. B. An exchange program. C. A water plant. D. Financial support. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知, 然后, 他们可以把他们的知识带回他们的祖国, 如果有必要, 还可以不时地回来澄清疑问或更新自己。这样的援助是真正有用的, 不可能是暂时的, 也不可能落入坏人之手。由此可推知, 财政的支持最可能落

29、入坏人之手。故选D。7. What can we infer about international aid from the passage? A. It is facing difficulties. B. It should be given in the form of materials. C. It has gained support by developed countries. D. It is unnecessary during normal times. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段中The way to achieve this may not be simp

30、le. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. 可知, 实现这一目标的方法可能并不简单。一个国家很难直接向另一个国家的人民提供帮助。由此可推知, 国际援助面临困难。故选A。【方法技巧】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有: infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/be likely to等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时, 要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。如第7小

31、题, 根据第一段中The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. 可知实现这一目标的方法可能并不简单。一个国家很难直接向另一个国家的人民提供帮助。由此可推知, 国际援助面临困难。故选A。. 阅读填句(2020潍坊高二检测)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。Are you doing it right? Writing a thank-y

32、ou noteI have always been a big advocate of thank-you notes. People will always think better of you for saying thank you properly. 1 For example, we can all send a WhatsApp message. However, it is not the same as sitting down, putting pen to paper, getting a first-class stamp and sending it off in t

33、he post. 2A thank-you note like this is less likely to get lost in the digital noise. 3 You are supposed to send your thank-you note as soon as possible after the event has taken place, or after you have received your gift. Christmas is the only occasion where you have a week or so to respond. Princ

34、ess Diana supposedly started her thank-you letters before the event. 4Dont start with “thank you”, though: it is dull and predictable. 5 And then go on to the thank you. The more kindness you have received, the longer the message should be. Try to make sure the stationery (文具) is fairly nice; some p

35、eople use postcard-sized cards, so their notes are only a couple of lines long. If you are using paper, go for A5 and write a maximum of two separate pieces of paper. Never write on the back. A. It meant she never forgot. B. What is the best time to send it? C. Many occasions require thank-you notes

36、. D. At modern times, we may have many choices. E. In fact, that will mean a lot more to a person. F. Being thankful for the kindness of others is natural. G. Start something personal about the experience or gift. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了感谢信的作用以及如何写好一封感谢信。1. 【解析】选D。考查段中句。根据空前I have always been a big advo

37、cate of thank-you notes. People will always think better of you for saying thank you properly. (我一直是感谢信的大力提倡者。你若能合理地表达感谢, 人们对你的印象就会更好些。)和空后For example, we can all send a WhatsApp message. (例如, 我们都可以发送WhatsApp消息来表达感谢。)可知, D项(在现代, 我们可能有很多选择。)能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项后的句子是对选项中的choices进行具体的举例。2. 【解析】选E。考查段中句。

38、根据空前However, it is not the same as sitting down, putting pen to paper, getting a first-class stamp and sending it off in the post. (但这与坐下来用笔在纸上写下感谢之言, 使用最好的邮票并邮寄出去是不同的。)和空后A thank-you note like this is less likely to get lost in the digital noise. (这样的感谢信才不会淹没在数字化信息的今天。)可知, E项(实际上, 这样做对一个人而言有着更多的意义。

39、)能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的that指代的是前一句的内容。3. 【解析】选B。考查段首句。根据空后You are supposed to send your thank-you note as soon as possible after the event has taken place, or after you have received your gift. (你应该在事后或收到礼物后尽快发出感谢信。)可知, B项(什么时候是邮寄感谢信的最佳时间呢? )能够与下文连接通顺。该选项中的it指的是下一句中的thank-you note, 空格后的句子是对该选项所做出的回答。

40、4. 【解析】选A。考查段尾句。根据空前Princess Diana supposedly started her thank-you letters before the event. (据说, 戴安娜王妃在这个事件前就致了感谢信。)可知, A项(这意味着她一直没有忘记去向某些人表达感谢。)能够承接上文, 该选项中It指的是前一句话的内容。5. 【解析】选G。考查段中句。根据空前Dont start with “thank you” , though: it is dull and predictable. (不过, 不要以“谢谢”开头, 这是无聊的且可预测的。)和空后And then go on to the thank you. (然后再表达感谢。)可知, G项(写一些有关这次体验或这份礼物的个人感受。)能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项用祈使句的形式表示“应该怎么开始写感谢信”, 它的前后两句话都是祈使句的形式。【方法技巧】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即要关注选项与原文中是否有近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等, 看是否有同词复现, 代词的指代等。在本文中, 第2小题: E选项中的that指代的是前一句的内容; 第3小题: B选项中的it指的是下一句中的thank-you note; 第4小题: A选项中的It指的是前一句话的内容。