2020版英语高考新攻略江苏专用总复习精练：MODULE 5　UNIT 3　SCIENCE AND NATURE题型组合训练 WORD版含答案.docx

1、题型组合训练.单项填空1.(2018苏锡常镇一模)The Lifelong Learning Programme to enable people to take part in learning experiences has taken off across Europe. A.having been designedB.being designedC.designedD.designing答案C句意:为了使人们参与学习体验而设计的终身学习计划在整个欧洲很受欢迎。本题考查非谓语动词。the Lifelong Learning Programme与design之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应采用过

2、去分词作后置定语。故选C项。2.(2018苏锡常镇二模)There will be no going back to the world before the smartphone revolution. , but we can surely find ways to enjoy the benefits.A.You must be jokingB.Thats for sureC.Thats all rightD.Its better than nothing答案B考查情景交际。句意:我们再也回不到智能手机革命前的那段时光了。那是肯定的,但是我们也可以找到一些途径来享受这些好处。根据句意,空

3、格处填的应该是表示肯定、认同的回答,排除A、D;C一般用于回答别人的感谢,是礼貌用语,故排除。选B。3.The majority of scientistsin favor of cloning,but cloning humansopposed by most.A.are;isB.is;areC.are;areD.is;is答案A句意:大多数科学家赞成克隆,但是克隆人类还是被大多数人反对的。“the majority of+可数名词复数”充当主语,谓语动词用复数形式;动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,故选A。4.Many Chinese college graduates leave t

4、heir country to get further education in America with the of getting better jobs in the future. A.communicationB.intentionC.permissionD.impression答案C考查名词辨析。句意:抱着将来找到更好的工作这样的目的,许多中国大学毕业生(选择)去美国留学。intention目的,符合题意。communication交流;permission允许;impression印象。5.I have been convinced that the print media a

5、re usually more and more reliable than television. A.accurateB.ridiculous C.urgentD.shallow答案A本题考查形容词辨析。句意:我确信印刷媒体常常会比电视更准确、更可靠。accurate精确的;ridiculous可笑的,滑稽的;urgent紧急的;shallow浅的,肤浅的。故选A项。6.The Chinese government has attached special importance to agriculture.As the saying goes,.A.he who laughs last

6、laughs bestB.he who lies down with dogs will rise with fleasC.hunger breeds discontentD.have ones cake and eat it too答案C句意:中国政府已经将农业放在特别重要的地位。俗话说:民以食为天。hunger breeds discontent民以食为天,符合题意。7.What do you think of the poems?They are beautiful to read but , they are hard to understand.A.in additionB.on t

7、he other handC.as a consequenceD.in particular答案B考查介词短语辨析。句意:你觉得这些诗怎么样?它们读起来很美,但另一方面,它们难以理解。on the other hand另一方面,符合题意。in addition另外;as a consequence结果;in particular特别。8.Almost everyone is bringing down the housing prices because theyre really too high now.A.in favor ofB.in charge ofC.in honor ofD.i

8、n search of答案A考查介词短语辨析。句意:几乎每个人都赞同降低房价,因为它们现在确实太高了。in favor of赞同,支持;in charge of负责,掌管;in honor of向表示敬意;in search of搜寻。故选A项。9.I felt I could not move another step, but after lunch I got my second wind and the rest.A.pushed ahead withB.went aheadC.put forwardD.looked forward to答案A考查动词短语辨析。句意:我感到我一步也走不

9、动了,但是午饭后我又觉得干劲十足,与其余的人一起前进。push ahead with努力推进,符合题意。go forward 前进; put forward提出; look forward to盼望。10.a high percentage of Australians may be people who watch sports rather than do them, Australia is indeed a great sporting nation!A.As B.WhenC.UnlessD.While答案D考查连词。句意:虽然澳大利亚的很多人可能宁愿看比赛而不愿做运动,但澳大利亚确实

10、是一个体育大国!while虽然,引导让步状语从句,符合题意。11.I am sure that the people in the disaster areas are on their waya better life.A.to livingB.of livingC.liveD.to live答案A句意:我确信灾区人民的生活会越来越好。on ones way to doing sth.某事即将发生。12.Nowadays, more and more people like to post the photos of delicious foods on their blogs, espec

11、ially those in the oven.A.to bakeB.bakedC.bakingD.being baked答案B考查非谓语动词。句意:当今,越来越多的人喜欢把(他们做的)美味食物的照片发布到他们的微博上,尤其那些用微波炉烘烤的食品。此处过去分词作后置定语。13.We still dont know the exact time for the first human being.A.to have been clonedB.being clonedC.having been clonedD.to be cloned答案D句意:我们还不知道第一个人将被克隆的确切时间。本题考查非谓

12、语动词。the first human being与clone之间存在被动关系;另外人类被克隆应该发生在将来,应用to be cloned,既表被动又表将来,故选D项。14. e-readers are getting more popular, paper books wont disappear. A.SinceB.UnlessC.AfterD.While答案D句意:尽管电子书阅读器越来越流行,但是纸质图书不会消失。根据下文纸质图书不会消失,尽管(while)电子书越来越受欢迎,故选D项。15.Technology has become an indispensable part of o

13、ur lives. But what if we control of it?A.might happen; had lostB.would happen; lost C.will happen; lostD.could happen; lose答案B考查虚拟语气。句意:技术已成为我们生活中不可缺少的部分。但是如果我们无法控制技术,会发生什么情况呢?根据语境可知,此处是与现在事实相反的虚拟,所以从句用一般过去时,主句用would do。故选B项。.阅读理解(2018常熟市高三上学期月考)Why do some people flush when they drink alcohol? This

14、 effect called facial flushing is a common reaction to alcohol among East Asians. It affects about 1 percent of Japanese, Chinese and Koreans. The reaction is also known as “Asian flush” or “Asian glow”. For many, even a small amount of alcohol can cause unpleasant effects. At first, it looks like a

15、 simple blush(脸红), but as the person continues to drink, the blush slowly begins to cover his entire face and often even spreads to the neck and chest areas. People might also feel uncomfortable and sick to their stomach. They might experience a burning sensation(感觉), an increased heart rate, shortn

16、ess of breath and headaches. Although the alcohol flush reaction most commonly affects people of Asian descent(血统), people of all backgrounds may experience the condition. So what causes it? The cause is a genetic difference that they are born with called an ALDH2 deficiency. It prevents their bodie

17、s from treating alcohol the way other people do. But the effects might be more serious than just a red face. Researchers warn of a link between this condition and an increased risk of cancer of the esophagus(食道) from drinking alcohol. A new report appeared in March in the journal PLoS Medicine, publ

18、ished by the Public Library of Science.The more alcohol people with this deficiency drink, the greater their risk is. In Japan and South Korea, for example, many people have the deficiency but still drink heavily. Researchers have found that these drinkers develop a form of esophageal cancer six to

19、ten times more often than those without the deficiency.Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers. It can be treated when found early, but once it grows, the chances of survival drop sharply. The researchers estimate that at least five hundred and forty million people have the deficiency, abo

20、ut eight percent of the worlds population.Philip Brooks is a researcher at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism in the United States. He says it is important to educate people about the link between the alcohol flushing effect and esophageal cancer. He says doctors should ask East

21、Asian patients about their experiences with facial flushing after drinking alcohol. Those with a history of it should be advised to limit their alcohol use. They should also be warned that cigarette smoking works with the alcohol in a way that further increases the risk of esophageal cancer.1.The un

22、derlined word “flush” in Paragraph 1 probably means “”.A.walk unsteadilyB.turn red in the faceC.appear unpleasantD.talk more than usual2.The second paragraph is mainly about .A.the cause of the effects of alcoholB.Asians and alcoholC.the advantages of drinking alcoholD.unpleasant effects caused by a

23、lcohol3.Esophageal cancer is considered one of the deadliest cancers in that .A.it cant be treated at allB.it is not easy to be discovered earlyC.it is hard to cure once it has developedD.people are addicted to alcohol4.We can infer from the passage that .A.only some East Asians have the ALDH2 defic

24、iencyB.about 1 percent of Japanese, Chinese and Koreans are heavy drinkersC.unpleasant effects occur only when people with this deficiency drink a lotD.the ALDH2 deficiency may be passed on from generation to generation答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。研究发现,东亚人由于基因中缺乏一种叫作ALDH2的酶,所以他们喝酒时会脸红;缺乏这种酶的人饮酒越多,越容易对身体造成伤害,越容易患食

25、道癌。因此,医生应当建议喝酒脸红的东亚人少饮酒。1.B词义猜测题。根据第一段中的This effect called facial flushing is a common reaction to alcohol among East Asians.并结合前句中“when they drink alcohol”和常识可以判断,东亚人喝酒时脸会发红,这是一个普遍现象。据此可以判断,该词意为“脸发红”。2.D段落大意题。根据第二段中的For many, even a small amount of alcohol can cause unpleasant effects.可知,此句为该段主题句;该

26、段接着介绍了酒精导致的不良反应,包括脸、脖子、胸部发红,心跳加速,头痛等。3.C细节理解题。根据第五段中的It can be treated when found early, but once it grows, the chances of survival drop sharply.可知,如果食道癌恶化,则很难治愈。4.D推理判断题。根据第三段中的The cause is a genetic difference that they are born with called an ALDH2 deficiency.可知,喝酒脸红的人生来基因不同,缺乏ALDH2酶。据此可以判断,缺乏ALD

27、H2酶具有遗传特征。.任务型阅读The Science Behind SmilingNot only does smiling reward our brains feel-good system, it also makes us look more attractive and lowers stress levels. In stressful situations, smiling is a great way to relieve extreme levels of stress and to keep your cortisol (皮质醇) levels under control

28、.Naturally, happiness can result in smiling. Also, smiling can actually create happiness. Smiling tricks our brains into believing we are happy, and one way it does this is by making us think of happier memories, which improve our moods.When the smiling muscles in our face contract, it sends a signa

29、l to the brain to encourage the reward system that further increases our levels of endorphins, or happiness hormones (荷尔蒙). It can have the same effect on our happiness as eating chocolate or receiving a monetary prize. Even though the exact relationship between facial expression and the mental stat

30、e is largely unknown, it has been suggested that smiling reduces levels of the stress-inducing hormone cortisol. Increased levels of cortisol could potentially lead to cardiovascular disease, mental illness, and obesity, so its worth every effort to try to decrease our cortisol levels.Research shows

31、 that when you smile, people treat you differently. Smiling instantly makes you appear more reliable, relaxed, sincere, and attractive. A study found that people who smiled more were rated as more attractive than those who avoided eye contact and didnt smile at all.Perhaps this is why celebrities (名

32、人) invest in perfect smiles, often looking for porcelain veneers to give them flawlessly straight, white teeth. According to a cosmetic (化妆用的) dentistry practice in Boston, broken and stained teeth can make a person look older, while a brighter smile gives a look of health and youthfulness. Anyone y

33、ou spot on television will more likely than not have a perfect smile. This gives them a youthful shine while at the same time making them look more attractive.Smiling is an act that many of us may have to practice in order to make a regular habit. However, its a habit worth investing in, as smiling,

34、 happiness, and health have a scientifically proven link to one another. If you find it hard to smile, try being around people who tend to smile a lot. According to a Swedish study, it is difficult to keep a straight face when constantly faced with people who are smiling at you.Title: The Science Be

35、hind Smiling答案语篇解读本文是一篇科普性说明文。文章主要介绍了微笑背后的科学。微笑可以让人开心,微笑可以缓解压力,微笑能让人更有吸引力。总之微笑是你值得付出努力去养成的习惯。1.benefits/rewards/pays根据第一段第一句Not only does smiling reward our brains feel-good system, it also makes us look more attractive and lowers stress levels.可知,微笑不仅对我们头脑的感觉良好系统有好处,也能使我们看上去更加有吸引力和降低压力级别,即微笑对我们有好处,

36、有回报。benefit,reward和pay意义相同,注意应用第三人称单数形式,故填benefits/rewards/pays。此处需概括得出答案。2.appearance根据第一段第一句.it also makes us look more attractive.可知,微笑能让我们看上去更有吸引力,即改善我们的外表,此处与mood,mental state并列作improve的宾语,应用名词,故填appearance。3.true根据第二段第一、二句Naturally, happiness can result in smiling. Also, smiling can actually c

37、reate happiness.可知,幸福带来微笑,同时,微笑能创造幸福。即微笑来自于幸福,反过来也是正确的,故填true。4.reduces/decreases根据第四段第一句.smiling reduces levels of the stress-inducing hormone cortisol.可知,微笑能降低或减少压力,reduce和decrease意义相同;注意应用第三人称单数形式,故填reduces/decreases。5.health 根据第四段第二句Increased levels of cortisol could potentially lead to cardiova

38、scular disease, mental illness, and obesity.可知,增加的皮质醇可能导致心血管疾病、精神疾病和肥胖。上述问题都是与身心健康相关的问题,此处在形容词后,需用名词,故填health。6.appreciated/loved/liked/trusted/respected根据倒数第三段第二句Smiling instantly makes you appear more reliable, relaxed, sincere, and attractive.可知,微笑让人看上去更加可靠、放松、真诚和吸引人。也就是说,当你微笑的时候,你更可能被人欣赏、喜欢、信任、尊

39、重等,此处是被动结构,故填appreciated/loved/liked/trusted/respected。7.invest/spend根据倒数第二段第一句Perhaps this is why celebrities (名人) invest in perfect smiles.可知,名人在完美微笑方面进行投资。故填invest 或与之意义相近的spend。8.deserves根据最后一段第二句However, its a habit worth investing in.可知,这是一个值得投资的习惯,即微笑值得你付出努力。此处构成搭配deserve ones efforts值得某人付出努力

40、。注意应用第三人称单数形式,故填deserves。9.habit根据最后一段第一句Smiling is an act that many of us may have to practice in order to make a regular habit.可知,为了形成习惯,微笑是一个很多人需要去练习的行为。即为了养成微笑的习惯,很多人需要去练习。此处构成短语form the habit of.,故填habit。10.easy/easier根据最后一段第三句If you find it hard to smile, try being around people who tend to smile a lot.可知,如果你发现微笑很难,试着跟经常微笑的人在一起。即如果跟经常微笑的人在一起,你会发现微笑(更)容易。此处用形容词的原级或比较级作宾补。故填easy/easier。