广东省江门市第一中学2016届高考英语语法考点专题课件-冠词.ppt

1、冠词一、冠词概述：冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义，不能离开名词而单独存在。二、冠词的分类：1.不定冠词 a,an2.定冠词 the三、冠词用法的总原则：不定冠词为泛指，定冠词为特指三、不定冠词的用法：1.指一类人或事物A bird has wings.2.笼统指某类中的某一个，但不具体说明何人或何物 The police caught a thief.3.表示“一”这个数量,但数的概念没有one强烈 She will be back in a day or two.4.序数词前加不定冠词表示“另一个”Would you like a second cup of tea?5.

2、不定冠词表示单位,有“每一”的意思 The cloth is 10 yuan a metre.6.在三餐前出现形容词表示“一顿”的意思时,该词前要加不定冠词 Mr.Fat is very fat and often has a bigsupper.7.在某些物质名词前表示“一杯/罐/瓶”A coffee,please.8.用于具体化了的抽象名词前He was a success in business.Its a pleasure to talk with you.9.在专有名词前表示“某一个”、“类似的一个”A Mr Smith wants to see you.He thought he

3、was a Zhu Geliang.10.不定冠词的一些特殊搭配a few,a lot,have a swim,take a walk,in a hurry,once upon a time,all of a sudden11.不定冠词的特殊位置：（1）不定冠词用在so,too,how+形容词的后面，修饰名词。如：He is so good a boy that all of us like him.（2）用在what,such,many 等词后：What a clever girl!Many a student is here.四、定冠词的用法：1.特指某（些）人或事物。Show me th

4、e photo of the boy.2.指双方都知道的人或事物。They are on the small table.3.指上文提过的人或事物。Li Wei lives on a farm.The farm is not big.4.用于世上独一无二的事物。The sun is bigger than the moon.5.用于最高级或序数词前。He was the first to speak against slavery.6.用在普通名词构成的专有名词。the United States7.定冠词与形容词连用，代表一类人。the rich,the blind8.用在形容词和副词的比较

5、级、最高级前。the older of the two boysthe best student9.在逢十的复数名词前，表示世纪的某个年代。in the fifties,in the 1870s10.在姓氏复数名词前，表示全家或夫妻俩。The Greens are watching TV now.11.用在西洋乐器前，中国名族乐器前不加冠词。play the violin12.用在江河湖海，山脉，群岛前。the Yellow river,the Xisha islands五、不用冠词的特殊情况：1.用于表示泛指或一般意义的物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、复数名词等之前。Life is short

6、;art is long.Knowledge begins with practice.2.名词前已经有this,that,my,whose,no,each 等物主代词。Come this way,please.3.用于非特指的季节、月份、星期及三餐等名称前。Monday comes before Tuesday.4.用于球类棋类以及含 day 的节日前。Do you often play football?New Years Day is a holiday for everyone.5.用于作表语、补语、同位语的职位名词前。John is captain of the team.They

7、elected him president of the society.His father,head of a company,will come to our school to give a speech.6.在turn（变成）后的名词前不用冠词。Lu Xun was a doctor before he turnedwriter.7.某些固定词组里不用冠词。husband and wife,hand in hand,in fact 8.表示语言的名称前不加冠词，但后加language，必须加the。I can speak English.I can speak the English

8、 language.六、有/无定冠词的区别：four of usthe four of usin storein the storeout of questionout of the questionIn charge of In the charge of我们中的四个我们四个（全部）有储备在仓库中毫无疑问不可能负责由负责在作主语、_语或_语的名词或“形容词+名词”前,填限定词。限定词是指冠词、形容词性物主代词,或可以作定语的不定代词等。此时,要根据句子的意思来确定空格的语境意义,由此来判断具体填什么词。如表示特指,大体相当于“这、这些、那、那些”时用_;表示“一(个,本,座)”时用_;表示“

9、某人的”,用_;物主代词ones宾表定冠词the归纳总结：不定冠词a或an 定冠词的用法比较不好记，下面的顺口溜或许能帮助大家。特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；普转专有名，习语及乐器。一.单选答案1-5 BDADA 6-10 CCABA 11-15 DBDAB 16-18 ABC 2-.填空答案:1.the 2.the 3.the 4.a 5.an 6.a 7.the the8.the 9.the 10.the 11.a 12.a an 13.an 14.the15.a the 16.the 17.a the the 18.the 19.a 20 an 21 an改错1.Thi

10、s is my first visit to a English familyaan English2.Ten minutes later，the firemen came and put out fire在fire前加thefire是特指。3.My teacher advised me to keep my diarymya keepadiary，固定用法，记日记。4.One day Li Ping was riding in the street when the old man came across the street without noticing her.thean.名词第一次

11、出现,用不定冠词,表示泛指。5.Bungee jumping is considered a good example of such a activity aan.activity以元音音素开头。6.Last week,about 1000 parents came to school to have classes.school前加the普通名词前加定冠词表特指。7.Tom told the doctor he had got headache and bad cough.headache前加a.have a headache固定用法。改错8.What a good news weve h

12、eard!去掉a.news为不可数名词，其前不用a9.Why is she in such great hurry?such后加a.in a hurry为固定搭配，意为“匆忙地”。10.The policeman caught me by my arm.my改为the固定句式：hitbeatstriketakecatchsb.+in/on/by+the+身体的某个部位。11.This dictionary is a same as the one I lost.a改为thethe same as为固搭配。12.Did you have wonderful time at the party?h

13、ave后加a.have atime，度过一段时光。13.He is a honest young man.He never tells lies.a改为an.honest读音以元音开头。14.Alexander Graham Bell invented telephone in 1876.telephone前加the发明物前加定冠词。15.Professor Wang was elected the president of the college.去掉第一个the表示头衔的名词作表语时，前面往往不带冠词。改错16.What surprised us most was that the bli

14、nd girl played piano so well.piano前加the乐器前加定冠词。17.China has changed so greatly since eighties of the twentieth century.since后加the某世纪的几十年代前加定冠词。18.Many people dream of walking in the space like Armstrong one day去掉thespace表示太空时，其前不带冠词。19.Lets do the experiment the third timeMaybe well succeed this tim

15、ethe改为再一次，又一次a third time20.In spring of 1992，he paid a visit to the south of chinaspring前加the一年四季前往往不带冠词，如果特指某一年的某个季节，需加定冠词。1.(2013)In the beginning,there was only _ very small amount of unfairness in the world*there was+n.（表语）*在“adj.+n.”前一定是填限定词(very small amount)*a large amount of意为“大量的”，后通常接不可数名

16、词。a冠词2.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _ top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room,and we werent charged extra.在“adj.+n.”前填限定词(top floor)the3.For some reason he sat beside Mary.But she quickly realized that it wasnt her,it was probably the fact that she sat

17、 in _ last row.thein+n.（介宾）the last/first/序数词，固定搭配4.I sat next to the man and introduced myself.We had _ amazing conversation.an*had+n.（宾）*在“adj.+n.”前一定是填限定词(amazing conversation)*have a conversation 意为“进行谈话”。5.young man,while traveling through a desert,came across a spring of clear water._water was

18、 sweet.Thebe动词前为主语，应为名词特指前面提到的clear water，相当于“这”种清泉,故填The。6.Besides,shopping at this time of the year was not _ pleasant experience:people stepped on your feet.abe动词后的表语：名词词组experience意为“经历”，是可数名词；文中表示“一次”不愉快的经历，故填a。7.It is said that a shorttempered man in the Song Dynasty(960 1279)was very anxious

19、to help _rice crop grow up quickly.hishelpgrow up,应为名词词组，rice crop前应为限定词这个急性子人急于使“他自己的”禾苗长得快(前文并未提及)，故填形容词性物主代词his。8.the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _ small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage.apull it to+地点(small town),应填限定词此处指将车拉到“离那里大约有20公里

20、远的 一个小镇”去修(上文未提及),表示“一个”冠词强化训练1Sarah looked at _ finished painting with _ satisfaction.2The Modern Art Exhibition in the City Museum has been cancelled.Oh,no!Its _ pity.athe/3He missed _ gold in the high jump,but will get _ second chance in the long jump.4Carl is studying food science at college and

21、 hopes to open up _meat processing factory of his own one day.5Being able to afford _ drink would be _ comfort in those tough times.theaaaa6Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take _ place of George.7We are said to be living in _ Information Age,_ time of new discoveries

22、and great changes.8The Smiths dont usually stay at hotels,but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea.thethethea9The development of industry has been_ gradual process throughout human existence,from stone tools to modern technology.10I woke up with _ bad headache,yet by _even

23、ing the pain had gone.11Its said John will be in a job paying over$60,000 _ year.Right,he will also get paid by _ week.aaathethe12Take your timeits just _ short distance from here to _ restaurant.13As is known to all,_Peoples Republic of China is_ biggest developing country in the world.14As he reached _ front door,Jack saw_ strange sight.15Experts think that _recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso.aaathethethethethe