2019年英语新同步译林选修十（江苏专用）讲义：UNIT 4 SECTION Ⅱ WELCOME TO THE UNIT .doc

1、Section_Welcome to the unit & ReadingLanguage Points.高频单词1download vt.下载2offensive adj. 冒犯的，极其讨厌的；攻击性的3property n. 财产，财物；不动产4firm n. 公司；商行；商号adj. 坚硬的；牢固的；坚定的5suspect n. 嫌疑犯，可疑对象vt. 怀疑6visa n. 签证7cooperation n. 合作8draft vt. 起草，草拟；选派，抽调n. 草稿；草案；草图9hatred n仇恨hate vt.讨厌，憎恨10assess vt.评估；估算assessment n评价

2、，评估11regarding prep.对于，关于，至于12negotiate vt.& vi.商定；谈判，协商negotiation n谈判13applicant n申请者apply v申请；应用.重点短语1commit crime犯罪2refer_to 涉及，指的是3without_permission 未经许可4cheat sb.(out) of sth. 骗取某人某物5in one way or another 用某种方法6in_addition 此外7join_forces (与)合作，联合8keep_up_with 跟上，不落后.经典句型1句型展示A survey conducte

3、d in 2010 by the Computer Security Institute, a private organization in the USA, showed that 45.6 per cent of the 351 biggest companies and government agencies had had_their_security_systems_broken_into in the previous year.一项由美国私人组织“计算机安全协会”在2010年进行的调查表明，351家最大的公司和政府机构中，45.6%的安全系统在前一年遭到入侵。典例背诵Bill

4、had his wallet stolen at the train station.比尔的钱包在火车站被偷了。2句型展示One of the fathers of the Internet, Vinton Cerf, would no doubt agree that teamwork is a_key_to_dealing with cybercrime, as he has said the problem of cybercrime is so huge that it requires the United Nations to form a special agency to ac

5、t.因特网创始人之一文特瑟夫无疑会认同团队协作是对付网络犯罪的关键，因为他曾说过，网络犯罪的问题非常严峻，需要联合国成立特别机构予以应对。典例背诵What do you think the key to getting a good mark in English is?你认为英语考试得高分的关键是什么？1. assess vt.评估；估算；评价教材原句At the Council of Europe, we feel that it is important to classify such crimes, as it helps us assess the problem of cyber

6、crime.在欧洲议会，我们感觉到对这些犯罪明确分类是很重要的，这有助于我们评估网络犯罪问题。It is too early to assess the effects of the new law.现在来评价这部新法律的效果为时尚早。(1)assess sth. at . 估算某物的价格为assess sb./sth.as . 评价/评定为assess whether . 评估是否(2)assessment n. 评价；评定Damage to the building was assessed at 40, 000.这栋建筑物的损失估算为4万英镑。Id assess your chances

7、 as low.我估计你的机会不大。即境活用1用assess的适当形式填空What is your assessment of the situation in Syria?The committee assesses whether a building is worth preserving.2regarding prep.关于教材原句All of this is made more difficult by the legal situation regarding cybercrime.有关网络犯罪的法律状况使形势更加复杂。Regarding your request, she sai

8、d nothing.关于你的请求，她什么也没说。(1)regard v 认为；注意；留意n. 尊重，敬重；注意；关心regard . as 把看作/认为/视为in/with regard to sb./sth. 关于某人/某物(2)regardless adv. 不顾，不加理会regardless of 不管，不顾I regard that movie as one of the worst Ive ever seen.我认为那部电影是我看过的最糟糕的一部。The companys position in/with regard to overtime is made clear in the

9、ir contracts.公司关于加班的立场在合同中有明确说明。He went ahead and did it, regardless of the consequences.他说干就干了，没有考虑后果。点津在英语中，有部分动词的ing形式具备介词的性质，很多情况下被当作介词来用。除regarding外，还有：including“包括”；concerning“关于”；considering“考虑到”等。即境活用2(2009江苏高考)This special school accepts all disabled students, _educational level and backgro

10、und.Aaccording toBregardless ofCin addition to Din terms of解析：选B。考查介词短语。句意：这所特殊的学校招收所有的残疾学生，不管他们的教育水平或背景。regardless of不管，不顾，符合题意。3suspect n嫌疑犯，可疑对象vt.怀疑(某人有罪)；怀疑(某事属实或可能发生，尤指坏事)教材原句In addition, most countries do not have arrangements for dealing with suspects from other countries who may have commit

11、ted cybercrime.另外，大多数国家都没有如何对付来自他国的实施网络犯罪的嫌疑犯的手段。Act naturally and no one will suspect you.表现得自然一些，没有人会怀疑你。(1)suspect that . 怀疑suspect sb.to be . 怀疑某人是suspect sb.of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做)某事(2)suspected adj. 被怀疑的，可疑的We suspected that it was a trick to get our money.我们怀疑这是一个骗我们钱的陷阱。I suspected Tom of de

12、liberately forgetting his purse.我怀疑汤姆故意遗忘了他的钱包。点津suspect一般不用于进行时。即境活用3Given that real estate regulation has failed more than once in the past, there are many who _ that house prices will start rising again.Ainspect BsuspectCblame Dsuggest解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意：由于房地产调控已经在过去不止一次失败，许多人怀疑房价将再次上涨。suspect that .

13、 “怀疑”，符合句意。inspect“视察”；blame“责备”；suggest“建议”。4. join/combine forces (with sb.)(与)合作，联合教材原句The technical skills of these criminals are among the best in the world, which means that governments must join forces to keep up with the advances in technology used by the criminals.这些罪犯的技术水平在世界上属于先进水平，这意味着政府

14、必须联合起来跟上罪犯们使用的先进技术。The two firms joined forces to win the contract.两家公司联合起来争取合同。bring sth.into force (使)开始生效come into force 开始生效in force 已生效；在实施中by force 用暴力，强迫When will the new regulations come into force?新规章什么时候开始执行？The new regulations are now in force.新规章已生效。即境活用4It is suggested that China and Ru

15、ssia _ forces to uphold regional peace and stability.Amust join Bshould be joinedCjoin Djoined解析：选C。句意：人们建议中俄联合起来共同维护地区和平与稳定。在“It is suggested”后的主语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)动词原形”形式。5negotiate vt.& vi.商定；谈判，协商教材原句It is also important to draft new laws and negotiate international standards for fighting cyb

16、ercrime.制定新的法律并洽谈打击网络犯罪的国际标准也是很重要的。We have been negotiating for more pay.我们一直在为增加工资进行协商。与某人协商某事negotiate an agreement/contact for 商定协议/合同negotiation n. 谈判；协商The airline is negotiating a new contract with the union.该航空公司正在和工会商议新的合同。The government will not negotiate with terrorists.政府不会和恐怖分子谈判。Union l

17、eaders have negotiated an agreement for a shorter working week.工会领袖已经商定了一份缩短每周工作时间的协议。即境活用5(2011湖北高考)The minister said, “ We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but well never_with criminals.”Anegotiate BquarrelCargue Dconsult解析： 选A。考查动词词义辨析。 句意： 部长说， “我们可以和任何合法团体进行讨论，但是我们永远不会和犯罪分子谈判”。

18、 negotiate“谈判， 协商”； quarrel“争吵”； argue“争辩， 争论”； consult“咨询”。 1A survey conducted in 2010 by the Computer Security Institute, a private organization in the USA, showed that 45.6 per cent of the 351 biggest companies and government agencies had had_their_security_systems_broken_into in the previous ye

19、ar.一项由美国私人组织“计算机安全协会”在2010年进行的调查表明，351家最大的公司和政府机构中，45.6%的安全系统在前一年遭到入侵。(1)本句的主语为a survey, conducted in . 是过去分词短语作主语的后置定语， a private organization in the USA是the Computer Security Institute的同位语。动词showed是全句的谓语，后接that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中had their security systems broken into . 运用了“havesomethingdone”结构。(2)have s

20、th.done让/请别人做某事；使某物遭受Will you have my cases sent up, please?你叫人把我的箱子送上来，好吗？Mr.Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday.在史密斯先生度假期间，他的房子被别人闯入了。(3)“have/get宾语宾语补足语”结构have/get后接三种形式的宾语补足语：Ahave . doing sth.让在(持续地)做某事Bhave sb.do sth. 使某人做某事(相当于make sb.do sth.或get sb.to do sth.)Chave s

21、th.done 让(别人)做某事；使某物遭受They were so frightened that they had the light burning all night long.他们如此恐惧，以至于让灯亮了一整夜。Ill have Tom show you to your room.我会让汤姆带你去你的房间。即境活用1(2011陕西高考)Claire had her luggage _an hour before her plane left.Acheck Bchecking Cto check Dchecked 解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。句意：在飞机起飞前一个小时Claire 对行

22、李进行了安检。check 与 luggage之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词形式表示被动，构成have 宾语过去分词结构，表示“ 找人做”或“ 使被 ”。2. One of the fathers of the Internet, Vinton Cerf, would no doubt agree that teamwork is a_key_to_dealing_with cybercrime, as he has said the problem of cybercrime is so huge that it requires the United Nations to form a s

23、pecial agency to act.因特网创始人之一文特瑟夫无疑会认同团队协作是对会网络犯罪的关键，因为他曾说过，网络犯罪的问题非常严峻，需要联合国成立特别机构予以应对。a/the key to .“的关键(key常用作单数)”Diet and exercise are the key to good health.吃固定食物、做运动是身体健康的关键。The key to our strength lies in our members.我们实力的关键在于我们的成员。点津与介词to搭配的名词除key外还有：answer, visit, attention, entrance, way,

24、introduction, attitude, note, monument, devotion, contribution, access, approach, response等。His devotion to his wife and family is touching.他对妻子和家人的关爱感人至深。Your attitude to the question is quite different from mine.你对这个问题的态度与我的截然不同。即境活用2(2011安徽高考)Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek_ food saf

25、ety problems.Ain BtoCon Dafter解析：选B。考查介词。句意：有时候，解决食品安全问题的答案并不太难寻求。answer to sth.表示“的答案”，是固定搭配。.单词拼写1There were complaints that the advertisement was offensive (冒犯的) to women.2Some people have a hatred (仇恨) of anything new.3Make sure the ladder is firm (牢固的) before you start to climb.4Its difficult t

26、o assess (评估) the effects of these changes.5He resigned after being suspected (怀疑) of theft.6I showed David a draft (草稿) of the letter and he suggested a few changes.7The two sides have yet to show their willingness to negotiate (谈判)8A working group will be established to promote cooperation (合作).完成

27、句子1这所大学要求我提供与个人学术成果相关的所有信息。The university asked me to provide all the information related_to my academic achievements.2众所周知，醉酒驾驶是一种犯罪行为。Drunk driving is a_criminal_offence,_ as we know.3他被控诉骗走了投资者们一生的积蓄。He was accused of cheating_investors_of their life savings.4不管怎样，我会去欧洲深造的。One_way_or_another,_ Im

28、 going to Europe for further study.5我不允许你这样和你的母亲说话。I cant_have_you_speaking to your mother like that.单项填空1_ how to judge a person, my personal opinion is mainly through his attitude towards the work.AIncludingBRegardingCSupposing DProviding解析：选B。考查可以作介词或连词的分词的用法。句意：对于如何判别一个人，我个人的观点是主要通过他对工作的态度。inclu

29、ding“包括”；regarding“关于”；supposing“假如”；providing“以为条件；假如”。2The director had her assistant _ some hot dogs for the meeting.Apicked up Bpicks upCpick up Dpicking up解析：选C。考查“have复合宾语”结构。句意：主任让她的助手为开会人员买了些热狗(香肠面包)。have sb.do sth.“让某人干某事”。3Id prefer to _ my judgement until I find all the evidence.Aassess B

30、expressCpass Dreserve解析：选D。考查动词辨析。assess“评估”；express“表达”；pass“通过，经过”；reserve“推迟，留到以后”。根据状语从句until I find all the evidence 可知，此处应用reserve表示“我暂时不想作出判断”。句意：我暂时不想作出判断，直到我找到所有的证据。故选D项。4With international _ and education exchanges increasing every year, the number of Chinese students studying abroad has i

31、ncreased rapidly.Acooperation BcompetitionCconstruction Dconflict解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意：随着国际合作与教育交流每年在增加，在国外学习的中国学生的数量在快速增长。cooperation“合作”；competition“竞争”；construction“建设”；conflict“矛盾”。5 What do you think of investing in todays stock market? There are many risks, but also many _ gains.Apotential Bconfiden

32、tialCinfluential Dpreferential解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：“你如何看待今天的股市投资？”“有许多风险，但也有许多潜在的收益。”potential“潜在的，可能的”；confidential“秘密的，表示信任的”；influential“有影响的，有权势的”；preferential“优待的，优先的”。6Sometimes the police are not absolutely sure that someone has committed a crime, but _ him of having done it.Acharge BsuspectCinsp

33、ect Ddoubt解析：选B。考查动词辨析。charge sb.with sth.“指控某人犯有某种罪行”；suspect sb.of sth.“认为某人有的嫌疑”；inspect“视察，检查”；doubt“怀疑”。7His comments were deeply offensive _ a large number of single mothers.Afor BtoCwith Don解析：选B。句意：他的评论严重触怒了众多的单身母亲。be offensive to sb.“是对某人的冒犯”。8(2010安徽高考)How did you like Nicks performance la

34、st night?To be honest, his singing didnt _ to me much.Aappeal BbelongCrefer Doccur解析：选A。考查动词辨析。答语句意：老实说，他的歌唱不太吸引我。appeal to“吸引”，符合句意。belong to“属于”；refer to“暗指，提到，查阅”；occur to“被想起”。9The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she _ before.Adidnt fly Bhasnt flownChadnt flown Dwasnt

35、flying解析：选C。考查时态。句意：在飞机上坐在我旁边的那个女孩儿非常紧张，因为她以前从没坐过飞机。由“was very nervous”以及“before”可知，应该用过去完成时。10The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _ they have the interest.Awherever BwheneverCeven if Das if解析：选C。考查状语从句。句意：工程师们如此忙碌，以至于他们没有时间进行户外体育运动，即使他们有这种兴趣。as if“似乎”，不

36、符合句意。.阅读理解AIf women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.Clothes which have been worn only a

37、 few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste

38、.Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.Women who can not afford to throw away clothing in this way waste hours of their time altering (改变) the dresses they have.Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one

39、 can claim that the fashion industry, contributes anything really important to society.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability.They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amoun

40、t of discomfort, as long as they look right.There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in highheeled shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion,

41、the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonder, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stabi

42、lity and reliability? That is for you to decide.语篇解读：女人爱美的天性被时装设计师和商人充分利用，他们不断推出各种新款服装，赚足了女士们的钱，而女士们为了美丽心甘情愿地被他们剥削。男士在时装方面则显得比女士更理性。1Designers and big stores always make money _.Aby constantly changing the fashions in womens clothingBby mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industryCb

43、ecause they are able to predict new fashions for the coming seasonDbecause they attach great importance to the quality of womens clothing解析：选A。推理判断题。第一段提到“因为她们一想到自己穿着过时的衣服出现在公众面前就不寒而栗，所以总是被服装设计师和大商场利用”，由此判断，这些人利用她们追求衣着时尚的特点来赚钱，故选A项“通过不断改变女装的时尚”。B“通过无情地剥削服装加工行业的女工”；C“因为他们能预测下一个季节的新款式”；D“因为他们注重女装的质量”都

44、不正确。2To the writer, that women alter their old fashioned dresses is seen as _.Aa waste of money Ban expression of tasteCa waste of time Dan expression of creativity解析：选C。细节理解题。第二段说，女士们如果没钱置办新衣，她们就浪费几个小时的时间来修改她们现有的服装以追求时尚。由此判断选C，作者觉得这样做是浪费时间。3According to the passage, which of the following statement

45、s is true?AThe fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.BThe constant changes in womens clothing reflect their strength of characters.CFashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.DNew fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitati

46、on of women.解析：选D。推理判断题。从第三段第一句可知A项错误；第三段说，女人为了美愿意忍受任何的不舒适，而没有提到反映了她们“性格的力量”，故B项错误；文章没有提到C项内容。从全文内容可知，作者觉得服装设计师推出各种新款服装的目的是赚钱，是“一年又一年无情地剥削女士们”，由此判断选D。4By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”， the writer means that _.Awomen are better able to put up with discomfortBmen are more reasonable

47、 in the matter of fashionCmen are also exploited greatly by fashion designersDwomens inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at解析：选B。推理判断题。最后一段说，比较男人和女人对时装的态度就能得出一个明显的结论，男人很聪明，不会被时装设计师欺骗。从这些叙述可知应选B，男士在选择服饰方面比女士更理性。BThe Staff Room is onestopenglishs exclusive (独家的) subscription servi

48、ce, giving you access to our full database of resources as well as many other benefits.Here is just a taste of how the Staff Room can help and enhance (提高) your teaching：1Enjoy our entire database of resourcesYou will be able to access our full database of over 8, 000 resources, searchable by age, l

49、evel, language focus and topic; the database is added to every week, so youre always sure to find something new.From articles and tips on a range of teaching aspects and approaches, to readytouse worksheets and lesson plans, and from games to listening materials, youll have thousands of fantastic re

50、sources at your fingertips.2Find everything you needWhether you teach children, teenagers, adults or business executives, onestopenglish is packed with resources for you.As a Staff Room member youll find a wealth of materials in the core (核心) subject areas that matter most to you, including Grammar

51、& Vocabulary, Exams, Business and Young Learners.Youll also find a special CLIL section for Content and Language Integrated Learning teachers, regularly updated with new materials.3Organize your teachingEvery Staff Room member can benefit from a personal, interactive (交互的) Learning Calendar.This exc

52、iting new tool will allow you to save, organize and share all your favourite resources, and easily schedule your lessons in advance.You can find out more about the Learning Calendar here.4Refresh your classes with topical news lessons and authentic listening materialsAs part of your Staff Room subsc

53、ription, well publish a news lesson from The Guardian every week, edited at three different language levels and complete with student worksheets.Our engaging listening materials include an ongoing series of authentic interviews with members of the public, an exclusive soap opera, and our exciting mi

54、niplays on British culture; your students will be able to improve their listening skills with reallife contents and a huge variety of accents.语篇解读：本文介绍了onestopenglish网站的Staff Room栏目可以给会员的教学带来哪些便利。5The purpose of the passage is to _.Aintroduce the advantages of a column on a websiteBpersuade readers

55、to join in an organizationCgive some advice on how to teach EnglishDoffer some suggestions on how to learn English解析：选A。推理判断题。从整篇文章来看，它介绍了onestopenglish网站的Staff Room栏目给会员的教学带来的便利，所以选择A项。6Which of the following is most likely to be the next part of the passage?AWhere the Staff Room is locatedBHow the

56、 Staff Room startedCWhat the Staff Room will do this yearDHow to join in the Staff Room解析：选D。推理判断题。文章介绍了这个栏目的诸多服务与好处，接下来最有可能介绍如何加入这个栏目，享受这些服务，所以选择D项。7According to the passage, the Staff Room is intended for _.Astudents BwritersCteachers Deditors解析：选C。推理判断题。由第二段中的“help and enhance (提高) your teaching”

57、可知，该栏目是针对教师的。8What cant you do in the Staff Room?AExpand your business.BPlan your lessons.CShare your resources.DEnjoy British culture.解析：选A。细节理解题。the Staff Room是为教师提供服务的，不能帮助拓展生意，所以选择A项。另外，B、C、D三项可分别在第一项、第三项和第四项好处中找到，利用排除法选择A项。9The passage can be most probably found _.Aon the front page of a newspaperBon the home page of a websiteCin an English course bookDon the preface of a book解析：选B。推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲的是网站的一个栏目，因此最有可能出现在网站主页上。