高二英语词汇讲解练习讲义 UNIT 16 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.doc

1、高二英语词汇讲解练习讲义 Unit 16 The United States of America1. Some people cried when they were refused _(进入) into the USA.a. You mustnt drive into a street with “ ” (不得进入) sign.b. 他们的参战改变了整个局势。_ changed the whole situation.c. 参军 _d. 报名参加赛跑 _2. People were afraid of taking _(心理的；智力的) and physical tests.a. 精神病

2、_b. 一位精神病患者 a _c. “别听他的,他是个疯子。” “Dont listen to him; _.d. 发疯 _3.a _ (adj.身体的) testa. 体育锻炼 _ b. 物理变化 _c.（与思想、精神相对的）物质的 _ things are those you can see, touch, etc.4.greedy (greedier, greediest) adj. a.贪婪的 急欲 be greedy for/of He is _ money. 他贪利（贪财）急欲 be greedy to He is _ gain fame. 急欲成名b.贪吃的 The _ litt

3、le boy ate all the food at the party.5. sacrifice n (1)供奉，祭祀； 祭品A lamb was offered in sacrifice. 一只小羊用作祭祀。(2)牺牲，献身 His parents made sacrifices to pay for his education. 他的父母为供他上学而作出了牺牲。(3)牺牲品 He gave his life as a sacrifice for his country. 他为国牺牲了。at the sacrifice of 牺牲， 以。为牺牲He made a lot of money

4、_ his leisure time.make the sacrifice of牺牲， 以。为牺牲He _ his health for his studies.fall a sacrifice to成为。的牺牲He _a traffic accident because of careless driving.sacrifice vt, vi -ficed, -ficing (1)供奉，祭祀；献祭He sacrificed a sheep in the temple. 他在寺庙里供奉上一只羊。(2)牺牲；献身 A mother will sacrifice her life for her

5、children.母亲会为自己的孩子操劳一生的。_. 为了丈夫的利益，她牺牲了自己。6.former （用在名词前）a.从前的，以前的 in former times my former studentsb.the latter（两者中）前者的，先提到的（反义词 latter）Canada and the United States are in North America; the former country lies north of the latter.前者较后者好。_7. eventually adv. 最后 ( at last, in the end )He worked so

6、hard that _he made himself ill. 他工作太卖力，最后自己病倒了。After many attempts she eventually get promotion. eventual success failure 最后的成功失败8. dawn n 黎明；破晓 I woke up_. 我在黎明时醒了。 开始；发端We look forward to _ _ _ better days. 我们期待较好的日子的来临。 vi. 黎明；破晓 (常与on, upon连用)逐渐被了解；逐渐被感知The truth at last _ _him. 最后他开始了解真相。from d

7、awn till dusk 从早到晚the dawn of intelligence 智力的开端_ 胜利的曙光 It has just dawned on me that . 我刚刚才明白. 9. chance n. a. 偶然；或然性I met him_ _. 我偶然遇到了他。b. 可能性_ _ ten to one that the guest team will win.十之八九客队会获胜。tThere is a chance that I will see him these days. 这几天我有可能见到他。_ I will be chosen for the team. 有可能我被

8、选拔到队里。 The Ox doesnt seem to _ winning the league basketball matches.看来公牛队没有打赢这次蓝球联赛胜的可能了。c. 机会I havent had a chance to read my letter. 我还没有机会看我的信呢。Is there any chance of the team winning this week? 这个队本星期有无获胜的机会?Its the chance of a lifetime. You shouldnt miss it. 这是一生中难得的机会,你不应错过。d. 碰运气；冒险 You shou

9、ldnt chance all your money at once. 你不应该一下子拿所有的钱去碰运气。take a chance / take ones chance / take chances 冒一冒险, 碰碰运气, 利用一下机会take no chances 不冒险, 力求万全 The chains might break but thats a chance Ill have to take.链条也许会断,但我不得不冒这个险。He_ by driving his car so fast. 他冒险把车开得这么快。 e. 机遇 Chance plays an important par

10、t in many card games. 在许多纸牌游戏中,运气是很重要的。f. chance vt, vi chanced, chancing 碰巧；刚好；偶然 I _ _ _ our old headmaster in the street the other day.前几天我碰巧在街上看到了我们的老校长。She chanced to be in the restaurant when I was having dinner with an old friend of mine.我在饭店陪一个老朋友吃晚饭时,碰巧她也在那里。10. vain adj (1)无用的；无结果的；徒劳的 a v

11、ain attempt 无用的尝试 vain promises 空头许诺(2)自负的；爱虚荣的Shes very vain about her good looks. 她为她那好的容貌而自负。in vain 徒然，枉然The police tried in vain to break up the protest crowds. 警察企图驱散抗议的人群,但没有成功。_. 我们所有的工作都白费了。11. overcome vt.(-came ; -come) (1)打败, 征服; 克服(困难)overcome difficulties 战胜困难 overcome ones shortcoming

12、s克服缺点(2)常用被动语态压倒, 制服, .不堪(with, by)be overcome with liquor 喝醉; We were overcome with joy.我们喜出望外。_. 我们热得受不了。12. leave alone 别打扰，让。一人呆着 I think we should leave her alone for the moment at least. Some people can never leave/ let things alone. Let alone 更不用说He hasnt enough money for food, let alone amus

13、ement.13. insist 坚持要求，一定要 insist on/ upon She _ _ lending then her car. He insists on the need to work hard. insist that sb should do Ivory insisted he be present. My mother insisted that I go to bed .He insisted that he went to bed at ten last night.14.put aside 节省（钱、时间）；储蓄；储存备用/ 撇开；置之不理；把放在一边He ha

14、s a little money put aside for a rainy day.The manager had to put his work aside for a time for an urgent accident.put away储存（钱）；储存备用；储蓄 (= put by) / 吃掉；喝掉 The boy put the food away in the cupboard after he finished his dinner.put back 拨回；向后移 把时钟向后拨 to put back the clock推迟；延期；搁置；拖延 to put back actin

15、g put down 写下；记下 Put it down to my account, please.控制；击败；平定；取缔put forward 提出（意见、建议） / 推荐；提名；/ 推举拨快；把时针向前拨(= put on)Shall we put Mr Willinton forward as the candidate for chairman of the committee?我们提名惠灵顿先生作为委员会主席的候选人,好吗?put in 打断；插嘴 / 进港；进入并作短暂停留put off延期；推迟/ 推托；推诿 / 使气馁 / 关掉；避开；使转换方向 The monitors t

16、hinking things over; nobody should do anything to put him off.班长正在细细考虑,任何人都不要使他分心。put on 假装；伪装/ 增加；添上She was a shy girl, but she put on a bold front and went to the party.她是个害羞的女孩子,然而她却装出一副勇敢的样子去参加聚会。So many people wanted to go to the match that another train had to be put on.要去观看比赛的人那么多,只好增开一列火车。pu

17、t on speed 增加速度 表演，演出，上演（戏剧） 穿上；戴上He put his coat on. 拨快；把时针向前拨 put on the radio. put out 熄灭；关熄；扑灭 / 使忧虑；激怒；困扰；麻烦（某人） / 生产；出产；出版 put oneself out 费神；花工夫put through接通电话 put up举起；抬起；张开（伞）to put up a tent Put your hands up!; Put em up!张贴；公布 to put up a notice 接待；为提供食宿；供膳宿 We can put up ten people for th

18、e night at a pinch.put up with忍受；忍耐；受苦I cant put up with your hypocricy any more.我再也不能容忍你的虚伪态度了。1.The ship _ at Portsmouth to fuel.2.Dont _ until tomorrow what can be done today. 3.The young lovers have been trying to _some money _ for their marriage ceremony.4.Jasper has _No Parking signs outside h

19、is gate, but these have not had any effect.5.Please _ the light before you go to bed.6.Shes by no means really mad; she _it _ in order to gain attention.7.In 1860, a better plan was _ by an Englishman, William Low.8.That woman, as a housewife, has a lot to_.15.for sale 待售，出售 Not for Sale 非卖品 on sale

20、 出售，上市, 打折16plain adj 清楚的；明白的He made it plain that he did not like me. 他很明白地说他不喜欢我。 简单的；朴素的；单纯的She wore a plain brown dress. 坦率的；实话实说的plain speaking 讲话直率的 完全的；全然的；毫无疑问的plain cheating 彻头彻尾的欺骗 n 平原；旷野 the Great Plains of the US 美国的大平原17. resist vt, vi 抵抗；反抗；敌对 抵御； 抵制, 抗拒, 违背; 常用于否定句忍住抗拒疾病的能力 the power

21、 to resist disease She could hardly resist laughing。 她真忍不住要笑。I cant resist baked apples. 我顶不住烤苹果的诱惑。resist aggression 抵抗侵略 resist heat耐热 resist temptation不受引诱18. chief1. n 领袖，头头 He was the chief of the government. The chief of the police demanded that the thief should be punished.2. adj. 主要的 The chi

22、ef meal is the dinner. Chief engineer总工程师 chief justice审判长 chief delegate首席代表3. adv. 主要地The dish is chiefly made of meat.19. turn1. n 轮流，顺序 in return Its sbs turn to do something Take turns to do something2. vt. 转动，打开 turn aside 把脸转向一边 turn in 上缴 turn over 翻转turn to向。求助3vi 转动 The wheel is turning fa

23、st.20. supply1. n. 供应 The water supply is very good here.2. vt supply sb with something supply sth to sbThey supply us with meat. They supply meat to us.21.chain1. n. 链子，一系列 Where can I buy a bicycle-chain? Chain reaction连锁反应 a mountain chain山脉 in chains带着镣铐2. vt 用链子锁住 The prisoners were chained to

24、the wall.She chained the door.高二英语词汇讲解练习讲义 Unit 161. (entry); ( “No Entry”); Their entry into the war; ( to enter the army/ to join the army); ( enter for a race/ enter oneself for a race/ enter ones name for a race)2. (mental), ( mental illness); ( mental patient); (hes mental) (go mental/ go mad)3

25、. physical, ( physical training); ( physical change); Physical4.is greedy for/of; greedy to; greedy5. at the sacrifice of, make the sacrifice of, fall a sacrifice to;She has sacrificed herself for her husbands interests.6. The former is better than the latter.8. eventually 9. at dawn / the dawn of /

26、 dawned on/ the dawn of victory10. by chance / Chances are / This is a chance that / have any chance of / is taking a chance/ chanced to see 11.All our work was in vain. 12. We were overcome by heat. 13 insisted on/ upon13. put in , put off , put aside , put up , put out , puts on , put forward , put up with