2020-2021学年高中英语 Unit 1 Great scientists Grammar课时作业2 新人教版必修5.docx

1、Unit 1 Great scientists Grammar课时作业.单项填空1My sister，_ for months to find a job as a teacher, finally took a position in Wenzhou Daily.Astruggling BstruggledCto struggle Dhaving struggled解析考查非谓语动词。struggle与my sister之间是主动关系，且有for months可知struggle这一动作已经存在一段时间，故应用现在分词的完成式作状语，修饰my sister。答案D2Dina，_for mon

2、ths to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.Astruggling BstruggledChaving struggled Dto struggle解析 考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：Dina，奋斗了几个月，想找个做女服务员的工作，最后在当地一家广告社谋到了一个职位。因Dina与struggle之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，且struggle发生在took之前，故用现在分词的完成时态作定语。答案 C3 Ill help you prepare for the party on

3、 Wednesday. Please dont_.My sisters have promised to help me.Apromise Bannoy Cbother Ddisturb解析考查动词词义辨析。promise答应；承诺；annoy使恼怒；使生气；bother费心；麻烦；disturb妨碍；打搅。由句意“请不必费心，我的姐妹们已经答应来帮我了”可知应选C项。答案C4 As a weightlifting athlete, Thomas is indeed too large, I think. But_that, he is still one of the best athlet

4、es at present.Ain case of Bin spite ofCthanks to Din response to解析考查短语辨析。A项意为“万一；以防万一”；B项意为“尽管如此”；C项意为“幸亏；由于”；D项意为响应；反应”。答案B5Troubled by a terrible headache, Catherine wondered how she could_herself of the bad situation.Athrow Bremove Cmove Drid解析考查动词词义辨析。throw扔；投；remove搬开；挪开；move移动；搬动；rid去掉；除掉。rid

5、sb of sth“给某人去掉某物”。答案D6In April,2009，President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao，_the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.Amarking Bto markCbeing marked Dhaving marked解析此题考查非谓语动词。mark和“President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故选A。答案A7It is illegal for a public offic

6、ial to ask people for gifts or money _favors to them.Ain preference to Bin place ofCin agreement with D in exchange for解析 考查介词短语的用法。句意：公职人员向人们索要礼品或金钱作为给人们带来恩惠的交换是非法的。A.“优先于”；B.“代替”；C.“同意，赞同，与一致”；D.“作为交换”。由题干和四个介词短语的含义可知，D项正确。答案 D8The company_only when it gets orders from a foreign country.Aimports B

7、exports Ctransports Ddeports解析句意：只有当这个公司从国外得到订单时，才出口。export出口；import进口；transport运输；deport驱逐(出境)。答案B9The meeting_tomorrow afternoon is about _rid of pollution.Aheld；to get Bto be held；gettingCto hold；to get Dbeing held；getting解析 第一空hold与其逻辑主语the meeting之间是被动关系，因此用不定式的被动式表将来；第二空get rid of“阻止，除掉”作介词abo

8、ut的宾语，因此用动名词形式。句意：明天下午举行的会议是关于制止污染问题的。答案 B10Progress so far has been very good，_，we are sure that the project will be completed on time.Ahowever Botherwise Ctherefore Dbesides解析句意：迄今为止，进展很顺利，因此，我们肯定项目能按时完成。两个分句是因果关系。however无论如何，不管怎样，然而；otherwise另外，否则；therefore因此，所以；besides此外，除此之外。答案C11She thought I

9、was praising her son，_as a matter of fact，I was scolding him for his bad behaviours at school.Awhile Btherefore Cwhich Dso that解析句意：她认为我在表扬她儿子，其实不然，我倒是在批评他在学校的不良行为。用while表示转折。答案A12There was a_look on his face when he met with the_problem.Aconfusing；confusing Bconfused；confusedCconfusing；confused Dco

10、nfused；confusing解析 本题第二个空比较简单，选confusing表示“令人困惑的(难题)”。第一个空往往也受此影响误选confusing，再加上confused多用来指人，选错的可能性就会更大。确定第一个空的关键：confusing look是令别人困惑的一种表情；而confused look是当事人内心感到困惑时流露出的表情。答案 D13The final exam is coming.Would you mind my staying up late，going over my lessons?Id rather you_.With the light on，I cant

11、fall asleep.Adont Bdidnt Cwont Dhavent解析“would rather从句”时，从句的主语与主句主语不一致时，从句中的谓语动词若表示同现在事实相反，则应用一般过去时。答案B14Do you regret_2,000 yuan for the trip?No.I would gladly have paid_for it.Ato pay；twice so muchBto have paid；as much twiceCpaying；twice as muchDhaving paid；so much twice解析由句意可知，“我”的两千元早已经付了，因此回答表

12、示“不懊悔。我愿意付两倍的钱”。regret接动词ing形式时，表示“后悔已经做过的事情”；as much修饰倍数时，应该把倍数放在前面。答案C15People believe that we_a special ability to learn language and that our brain_itself to the language we heard around us.Aare prepared for；adjustsBare equipped for；adaptsCare armed with；fitsDare equipped with；adjusts解析句意：人们认为我们

13、具备特别的语言学习能力，并且我们的大脑也适应了我们所听到的周围的语言。be prepared for和be equipped for意为“为做好准备”，不符合句意；be armed with和be equipped with意为“用武装好自己；具备”，符合句意。adjust(oneself)to意为“(使)适应”。答案D.阅读理解AAreas of Tokyo which had usually been packed with office workers like sushi(寿司) restaurants and noodle shops were unusually quiet. Ma

14、ny schools were closed. Companies allowed workers to stay home. Long queues formed at airports.As Japanese authorities struggled to avoid disaster at an earthquakebattered nuclear plant 240 km to the north, parts of Tokyo resembled a ghost town. Many people stocked up on food and stayed indoors or s

15、imply left, transforming one of the worlds biggest and most populated cities into a shell of its usual self.“Look, its like Sunday no cars in town，” said Kazushi Arisawa, a 62yearold taxi driver, as he waited for more than an hour outside an office tower where he usually finds customers within minut

16、es. “I cant make money today. ”Radiation in Tokyo has been negligible,_ briefly touching three times the normal rate on Tuesday, smaller than a dental Xray. On Wednesday, winds over the Fukushima (福岛) nuclearpower plant blew out to sea, keeping levels close to normal. But that does little to relieve

17、 public anxiety about a 40yearold nuclear plant with three reactors in partial meltdown (熔毁)and a fourth with spent atomic fuel exposed to the atmosphere after last Fridays earthquake and tsunami.“Radiation moves faster than we do，” said Steven Swanson, a 43yearold American who moved to Tokyo in Dec

18、ember with his Japanese wife to help with her family business.He is staying indoor but is tempted to leave.“Its scary.Its a triple threat with the earthquake, tsunami and the nuclear radiation leaks.It makes you wonder whats next. ”【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了日本的核辐射泄露对人们造成的影响。1The text is mainly about_.Athe earth

19、quake that happened in MarchBthe governments effort to avoid disasterCthe effects of the nuclear radiation leaksDthe earthquakebattered nuclearpower plant解析主旨大意题。整篇文章介绍了日本的核辐射泄露对人们造成的影响。故选C项。答案C2What did Kazushi Arisawa mean?ATherere usually more cars on Sundays.BHe didnt care much about nuclear rad

20、iation.CHe preferred to stay at home on Sundays.DHe couldnt find many customers.解析细节理解题。从文章第三段的“as he waited for more than an hour outside an office tower where he usually finds customers within minutes.I cant make money today.”看出答案。答案D3The underlined word “negligible”in Paragraph 4 most probably me

21、ans_.Aserious Bslight Cnormal D. average解析词义猜测题。从下文的“smaller than a dental Xray”看出答案。答案B4What can we learn about the Fukushima nuclearpower plant from the text?AIt lies to the south of Tokyo.BIt started to operate about fifty years ago.CIt was damaged in the earthquake and tsunami.DAll its four reac

22、tors are now well under control.解析推理题。从文章第四段的“a 40yearold nuclear plant with three reactors in partial meltdown (熔毁)and a fourth with spent atomic fuel exposed to the atmosphere after last Fridays earthquake and tsunami”看出答案。答案CBResearch shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of f

23、uture success and social adjustment.Childrens relationships with peers (同龄人) strongly influence their success in school，and children with fewer friends are more at risk of dropping out of school，becoming depressed and other problems.Making and Keeping Friends Is More than Childs PlayWhen 6yearold Ra

24、chel returned to school on a recent Monday morning，her eyes immediately scanned the playground for her friend Abbie.“Though they were only separated by a weekend，the girls ran right into each others arms and hugged，”recalls Rachels mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert.“It was like a scene from a movie.”

25、Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child.Experts agree that friendship is not simply childs play，but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life.A Skill for Life“Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground for adulthood，” say

26、s Dr.Robbie AdlerTapia，psychologist with the Center for Childrens Health & Life Development at the East Valley Family Resource Center.Researcher William Hartup states，“Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive (认知的) development.” Hartup concludes that the single best child

27、hood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior，but rather，how well a child gets along with other children.The work of Arizona State University professor of Developmental Psychology Gary Ladd proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial t

28、o kids，so is the lack of friends detrimental.Good Friendships Dont Just HappenExperts agree that it is essential for children to establish highquality friendships.But，researchers warn，these friendships dont necessarily just happen.Often，a good friendship begins with involved parents.Psychologist Dr.

29、Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading.Bad CompanyMany parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their childs friendships.“When she was in 1st grade，her supposed best friend began calling her names and t

30、hreatening to hurt her，” says Mindy Miller.“My daughter wasnt allowed to talk to or even look at other girls in her class.It really crushed her spirit.I told my daughter she didnt need a friend like that.”“Ill bend over backwards to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him，” Ad

31、lerTapia says.“I dont look at it as manipulation (操纵)，just positive parental involvement.”【语篇解读】研究表明，童年时期的友谊对孩子的将来有着非常重要的意义。5The example of Rachel and Abbie is used to illustrate that_.Achildhood friendship is of great significance to their growthBa positive friendship helps children solve emotional

32、 and physical problemsCit is a proven fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout lifeDRachel missed her friend Abbie very much because of their separation of one weekend解析细节理解题。文中六岁的Rachel与她的朋友Abbie之间的友谊例证了本部分的标题Making and Keeping Friends Is More than Childs Play，再结合文章首句可知

33、应选A项。答案A6The underlined word “detrimental” could be replaced by_.AaggressiveBdisappointing CridiculousDharmful解析词义猜测题。根据文中的“The work of Arizona State University professor of Developmental Psychology Gary Ladd proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids，so is the lac

34、k of friends detrimental.”可知，“detrimental”与句中的“beneficial”相对应，因此“detrimental”与“harmful”同义。答案D7We can learn from the passage that highquality friendship most probably results from_.Asocial skills and good study habitsBschool grades and classroom behaviorsCacademic success and social adaptationDpositi

35、ve parental involvement and social skills解析细节理解题。根据Good Friendships Dont Just Happen中的“a good friendship begins with involved parents”与“kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading”可知，D项正确。答案D8From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr.Robbie AdlerTa

36、pia agrees that_.Aparents should regard making friends as something that just happensBits wise for parents to support and encourage healthy peer relationshipsCparents only need to help their children to cope with difficult social situationsDparents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they can解析推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句可推知，父母应该在孩子交友的问题上给予指导，避免其受到不良影响，因此选B。答案B