高考英语考点单元总结与拓展2.doc

1、/单元考点提示 1.单词A. a little / little, between/among , still/yet/already, while.B.except/except for/but, fly, love, not a/not any, through/ across, travel/journey/trip.2.短语Ain English, written English, more or less, come about, the sameas / the samethat, for example /such as.B. see sb. off , by bus, say“

2、Hi”to, see sb. doing sth, be about to +inf., take off , for miles and miles, nothing except/nothing but3.句型结构1.“主语+ have +(修饰语：no, little, some, much, great 等)+difficulty/ trouble+in+doing sth.”2. Id like to do something.3. How about?(=What about？)4. It is/was + adj .+ inf.5.感叹语。What(a)+名词+主语+谓语！ Ho

3、w + 形容词/副词+主语+谓语！6. take与时间短语连用时有三种句型结构4.日常交际用语1.请对方重复所说内容：Would you please say that again?Pardon?Sorry, I didnt quite follow you.Sorry, I didnt catch what you said.2.问对方什么意思：What do you mean?What do you mean by that?What dose this word mean?Whats the meaning of this word?3.对对方的祝愿：Good luck(to you).

4、Wish you good luck/success.May you succeed.Have a nice /good time.Have a good trip to Guang zhou.Have a nice weekend.The same to you.对比：Happy birthday to you.Thank you.&考点精析与拓展I.单词和词组1. pronounce t. i. 发音；发音。名词形式为pronunciation.How do you puonounce the word?这个单词你怎么发音？This letter in the word doesnt pr

5、onounce. 这个单词中的这个字母不发音。2. however adv. 然而；但是。表示转折，起承上启下的作用。本身具有相对的独立性，通常逗号与句子其他部分隔开。He likes singing. He cant sing very well, however. 他喜欢唱歌，然而唱不好。He didnt agree with me ; however, he said nothing.他不同意我的看法，但他什么也没说。3. follow t.(1)跟随；跟着。We followed the professor into the lab . 我们跟着教授走进了实验室。(2)听懂；理解。 W

6、ould you please say it again? I cant follow you. 请再说一遍好吗?我没听懂。4. know about/of : have information concerning 听说（关于的事情）；知道；了解。Know vt. : have in mind as the result of experience or because one has learned 认识，知道。I dont know the writer , but I know about him.我不认识那位作家，但我听说过他。I know him ,but I dont know

7、about him. 我认识他，但我并不了解他。5.more or less 或多或少；大体上；大约。How far is your family away from here?你家离这里多远？ Ten kilometres ,more or less.大约10公里。The work is more or less finished. 这项工作大体上完成了。e about: happen 产生；发生。相当于不及物动词，和happen, take place一样无被动语态。How did this accident come about ?这事故怎么发生的？I dont know how the

8、 quarrel came about.我不知道怎么发生的争吵。7. stay link-v. 保持；维持。后面通常接形容词作表语。The weather stays fine for three days. 天气好了3天了。The shop stayed open till six oclock. 这家商店营业到6点。8. a great/good many: a large number of许多。修饰可数名词复数。Im quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙，我有很多事要做。若复数名词前有限定词或其修饰的为代词时，应加of .A

9、 great many of the books have been sold out. 已经卖了很多书了。A great many of them are out of work.他们很多人失业了。9. and so on : etc 等等。用来表示列举，但又不一一列出。He knows five foreign languages, English, French, Japanese and so on.他懂5种外语，如英语、法语、日语等等。10. explaint. 说明；解释；讲解。He explained why he was late.他说明了迟到的原因。Please explai

10、n this exercise to me . 请把这个练习给我讲一讲。11. separate(1)adj. 分离的；分开的。My little son wants a separate room. 我小儿子想要个单词。(2)t. ; vi. 使分开；分离；隔开。常与from 搭配。Separate the bad apples from the good ones.把坏苹果和好的分开。England is separated from France by the Channel.英吉利海峡把英国和法国分隔开。We talked until midnight and then separat

11、ed.我们一直谈到半夜，然后才分手。12. in prep. 在之后。用于“将来一段时间之后”。 Your birthday is in two weeks time .你的生日还有两周。 Ill finish the work in 3 days/in 3 days time. 这两项工作我3天后完成。注意：“将来具体时间之后”用after。 Ill be back in 3 days.3天后我回来. Ill be back after the New year. 新年后我回来。13. when conj. (就在)这时、那时。用作并列连词，不能置于句首。 I was listening t

12、o music when I heard someone knocking at the door. 我正在听音乐，这时听到有人敲门。 Ill call on you tomorrow, when Ill explain it to you. 明于我去看你，那时我再向你说明那件事情。14. by prep. 乘。用来表示方式，其后的名词为单数，且不加冠词。例如 by bike/bus/ car /taxi/train/road/railway/land/boat/ship/ water/ sea/plane/air但：“步行”用on foot.注意：若表示交通工具的名词前有限定词，则将by 改

13、作in 或on.in ones/the car/ bus/plane etc.on the bike15. but prep. 除之外。与except同义，除了的部分与其他部分不在一个范围内，不具有一致性。except适用场合较多，but 主要用于带有nothing/nobody/no one/all 等不定代词的句子。No one except/but you was late.除你之外没有迟到。（你迟到了）We all went to see a film yesterday evening except/but you.除你之外作天晚上我们都去看电影了。（你没去）That window

14、is open except in winter .除冬天外那窗户一直开着。（冬天不开）另外，but后可接不不定式。如果句子前面有实义动词do及其变化形式时，不定式不带to; 否则不定式带to .I did nothing yesterday evening but watch TV。昨天晚上除看电视外我什么也没干。He had no choice but to leave.他只得离开。注意：besides 也是介词，意为“除之外（还有）”。除了的部分和其他部分在同一个范围内，具有一致性。We all went to see a film yesterday evening besides y

15、ou.除你之外昨天晚上我们也都去看电影了。（你和我们都去了）Who is going there with Tom besides you? 除你之外还有谁和汤姆一起去？16.price n. 价格。常用结构：（1）at a high/low price以高价/低价 He is very happy because he bought a new car at a low price.因为低价买了一部新车，所有他很高兴。（2）英语中买卖的物品以“贵、贱”论，即expensive/dear或cheap;物品的价格以“高、低”论,即high或low.Your new car only cost y

16、ou 20,000 dollars. Its really cheap.你的新车只花了2万美元，真便宜。Yes, the price is very low indeed.是啊价格确实很低。（3）提问price 时应用what(多少) 。Whats the price of that dress?那件衣服多少钱?相当于：How much is that dress?/How much 需用what提问“多少”的还有population/area/size/length/width/height/weight等名词。17. destroy t.毁坏；破坏；毁灭。Dont destroy the

17、box .It may be useful.不要弄坏这个盒子，可能还有用。The whole building was badly desdtroyed by the fire.整幢楼房都被大火严重烧毁了。18.seeoff 为送行。 Is anybody seeing you off ?有人送你吗？Tomorrdow I must go to the airport to see my brother off .明天我得到机场为我哥哥送行。II.句型1. have/find + difficulty/trouble + (in)doing sth ./ with sth.There be +

18、 difficulty/trouble + (in) doing sth./with sth.做某事有困难/麻烦；在方面有困难/麻烦。其中的difficulty和trouble为不可数名词；doing前的介词in 可省略。I have some difficulty(in)pronouncing some English words.有些英语单词我发音有困难。Everyone in the town knew him; so we had no difficulty(in) finding his house。镇上所有的人都认识他，所有我们毫不费力就找到了他的家。The boy had lit

19、tle difficulty with maths.这孩子学数学没困难。There was much difficulty (in) finding him.好不容易才找到他。2. would like 想要；愿意；希望。用来表示愿望，常用结构：（1）would like sth.Would you like some beer?想喝点啤酒吗？（2）would like to do sth.愿意、想要做某事。第一人称作主语时也可用should，用常用缩写形式。Hed like to go there but he is too busy.他想到那里去，但太忙了 。I would/should

20、like to study medicine and become a doctor.我想学医当医生。注意：回答时常用省略形式。Would you like to drink some beer? 想喝点啤酒吗？ Yes ,Id like to .好吧，喝点。(3)would like sb.to do sth.想要、希望别人做某事。并不是主语做。I would like her to stay in the company.我希望她留在公司里。Id like you to lend some money to him.我想要你借点钱给他。3.the same ()as和/同一样。same之前

21、总是带定冠词Jenny looks the same as before.詹妮看起来和以前一样。He is the same age as his wife.他和他妻子同龄。I have the same opinion as you(have).我和你意见一致。4.Im sorry(that)很抱歉。是自认为表现欠妥或做事失误时的道歉用语，其后的从句说明道歉的内容和原因。Im sorry I cant answer the question.对不起我不会回答这个问题。Im sorry that I broke your glass.很抱歉我把你的杯子打破了。5. Do give her my

22、 regards.请一定代我她问好。助动词do 及其变化形式可在肯定句中用来强调动词，意为“务必；一定；的确；真的”,加强了句子的语气。Do be careful! 一定要小心 I do like you.我真的喜欢你。She does work very hard.她学习确实很努力。Why didnt you tell him?你为什么不告诉他？I did tell him.我告诉他了。6.The same to you : I wish you the same .希望您也如此。当听到对方的良好祝愿时，常用此句来作答。 Have a good time.祝你愉快。 The same to

23、you.祝你愉快。Merry Christmas and Happy New year. 祝你圣诞快乐、新年幸福。The same to you .祝你也快乐、幸福。但：Happy birthday to you.祝你生日快乐。Thank you.谢谢。如果双方同一天生日，就用The same to you.7.say “Hi/Hello”to somebody 向某人问候。类似的还有：say“Yes/OK/No”to sb./sth.同意/不同意say“Good-bye”to sb.向某人告别。Say“Sorry”to sb .向某人道歉。After saying “Good-bye”to

24、us, he left hurriedly.和我们道别之后，他匆匆离开了。8.be about to do sth. 正要、即将做某事。是将来时的一种表达方式，表示最近的将来。I was about to go to bed when he called.我正要去睡觉，这时他打来了电话。When I saw Tom, he was about to get on the bus.我看到汤姆，他正要上汽车。注意：be about to 通常不用于带有具体时间状语的句子，但可用be going to 表示。 Hurry up! They are about to start.快点！他们就要走了。H

25、urry up! They are going to start at 10 oclock.快点！10点钟他们就要走了。9.see sb. doing sth . 看到某人正在做某事（看到动作的一部分。）see sb. do sth . 看到某人做过某事（看到了动作的全过程。）I saw him crossing the treet.我看到他正在过马路。I saw him cross the street.我看到他过了马路。当用到不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式不带to .但在被动句中不定式须带to 。He was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.人们看到他

26、突然从树上掉了下来。10.Isnt it easier to stay in the same place ？留在原地难道不更舒服一些吗？否定疑问句用来表示对某事感到惊讶，含批评意味。相当于汉语的“难道不/莫非？” Dont you know my address?难道你不知道我的地址吗？Cant you speak English?你难道不会说英语吗？Isnt it happy to live with us ?莫非和我们生活在一起不快乐？11.It takes sb. some time to do sth .做某事花某人时间。其中的It 是形式主语。代替后面的不定式（短语）。It wil

27、l take us a whole week to travel through the forest.穿过这片森林得用我们一整周时间。It took them 3 days to finish the work.干完这项工作用了他们3天时间。经典名题导解1. We all write _, even when theres not much to say.(94年高考题)A.now and then B.by and by C.step by step D.more or less答案：A命题目的：考查运用短语的能力。解题思路：根据选项，B项意为“不久”，C项是“逐渐地”，D项是“或多或少”

28、的意思，根据句子意思B、C、D不合题意，而A项now and then意为“不时”“有时”，相当于sometimes,from time to time,根据关键信息even when theres not much to say 的提示，故选 A。误点突破：B、C、D不符合题意，故不能选。2.If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any diffic-ulty,_ great it is .(95年高考题)A. what B.how C.however D.Whatever答案:C命题目的：考查复合句。解题思路: 全句意思是：“无论困难

29、多大，只要我们有坚强的意志都能克服”，根据题意，是考查让步状语从句，排除A、B项，C、D 选择，D项whatever不修饰形容词，只有however修饰形容词，“无论多么”的意思，故选 C。误点突破:A、B项只引导名词性从句，不引导状语从句，故不能选。3._mother will wait for him to have dinner together(97年高考题)A.However late is he B.However late he is C.However is he late D.However he is late答案:B命题目的:考查让步状语从句的语序。解题思路：根据句子的结

30、构与选项，本题考查however 引导的让步状语从句的语序，其语序应是“however+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语+其他，”故选 B。4.I dont really work here;I _until the new secretary arrives(94年高考题)A.just helped out B.have just helped out C.am just helping out D.will just helped out答案：C命题目的:考查现在进行时的用法。解题思路：根据题意，I dont really work here 是关键信息，从而推出“我是在这里帮忙，一直到新秘书来

31、。现在进行时是表示在现阶段或讲话的时刻正在进行的动作。”误点突破A、B、D时态不对，不符合题意。5.The whole family_to Guangzhou for holidays tomorrow.A.is going B. are going C.goes D.went答案:B命题目的：考查现在进行时表将来的用法。解题思路：根据题中tomorrow这个关键信息，本题应用将来时态，the whole family表示整个家里的人，强调个体，其谓语动词用复数，故选B。进行时表将来在英语中多用于移位动词：go ,come, arrive, leave,start 等词。误点突破：A项人称数不对，C、D项时态不对。