2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 11 The Media 单元过关检测（二） 北师大版必修4.doc

1、单元过关检测(二)学生用书P121(单独成册)(时间：100分钟，满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADid you know that you have millions of tiny things living inside of you? They are called microbes.Microbes live all over our bodies.They come in a huge variety of shapes.They can move

2、around and communicate with each other.They are so tiny that the only way to see them is with a microscope (显微镜)Bacteria, fungi (真菌), and viruses are examples of microbes. “Microbes can be found everywhere in our bodies and all over Earth，” Marie SamanovicGolden said.She is a scientist who studies m

3、icrobes.“Understanding them is necessary for understanding our body.”Scientists have known for years that some microbes cause diseases.Recently, by using new advances in technology, scientists have collected more information about microbes.They have learned that many microbes play a major role in fi

4、ghting diseases.“We know that microbes are important for our immune (免疫的) system，” says Susan Perkins，a scientist at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), in New York City.She is an organizer of The Secret World Inside You, a new show on microbes.At the AMNH show, visitors can use videos an

5、d a live theater presentation to explore how microbes influence health.According to Perkins what we eat affects what kinds of microbes we have inside of us, and it is important to have many kinds of microbes.Microbes in the digestive tract (消化道) help digest food.In the mouth, they protect teeth from

6、 cavities (蛀牙)Microbes also make vitamins.“We are learning so much about microbes all the time，” Perkins said.“We have far more helpful microbes than harmful ones，” she says.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微生物。1What can we learn about the new study on microbes?AScientists have found their positive role.BScien

7、tists have collected new microbes.CScientists have used them to cure diseases.DScientists have found ways to balance them.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的They have learned that many microbes play a major role in fighting diseases.可知，科学家发现了微生物所起的积极作用。2What can visitors do at the AMNH show?AWatch videos about the mu

8、seum.BSee a healthy world inside people.CExplore peoples immune system.DLearn about microbes in different ways.D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的visitors can use videos and a live theater presentation to explore how microbes influence health可知，在该展览中，人们可以通过观看视频等方式了解微生物。3Perkins words show the relationship between_Afo

9、od and healthBmicrobes and healthCgood and bad eating habitsDhelpful and harmful microbesB解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Microbes in the digestive tract(消化道) help digest food.Microbes also make vitamins.及最后一段中的We have far more helpful microbes than harmful ones可知，Perkins主要谈论了微生物与健康的关系。4Whats the best title for t

10、his text?ATiny HelpersBShows on MicrobesCA Secret ExplorationDA System in Our BodyA解析：标题归纳题。根据文中对人类健康的小小帮手微生物的介绍可知应选A项。BIve been really lucky this year.Not only did I have the opportunity to live in France，but I was able to see some other countries with my girlfriend.Now she is studying in Essen，a l

11、arge city in Western Germany.I recently went to stay with her it was my first visit to Germany! Essen is a very large city.It has all the conveniences of any large city so I felt immediately at home.I love the variety of shops，restaurants，shopping malls，cocktail bars，nightclubs，parks and even a lake

12、.There is also a citywide network of trams，which makes getting around a piece of cake!I found the people to be really friendly，and most Germans speak very good English，which made life easy for me.I was surprised by the casual attitude to alcohol in Germany，where it seems normal for people to drink b

13、eer on the street，or on the tram.My girlfriend and I visited two famous local cities，Dusseldorf and Cologne，which are both on the Rhine River.Dusseldorf is an urban metropolis with a great variety of restaurants.We took a boat tour on the river and went up the Rhine tower，a really tall building whic

14、h offers great views across the city.Cologne，as you might know，is world famous for its perfumes.We made the effort to climb to the top of one of the Colognes tower.The stairs seemed endless，but it was worthwhile for the impressive sights from the top.We also wend in a cable car over the river and ta

15、sted a German delicacy called “Spaghettieis” which is ice cream with strawberry sauce! I also got to try the famous German sausage.I must admit，I really enjoyed the food! The only disappointment was the grey and rainy weather，which proves that Britain does not have the worst weather in Europe!【解题导语】

16、作者讲述了第一次去德国的见闻和感受。5Why did the writer feel lucky this year?AHe had a chance to live in Germany.BHe met his girlfriend in France by chance.CHe got an opportunity of learning in Germany.DHe was able to live in France and visit other countries.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的Not only did I have the opportunity to live

17、 in France，but I was able to see some other countries with my girlfriend.可知，作者之所以感到幸运，是因为既可以住在法国，还可以和女朋友去别的国家旅行。6What do Dusseldorf and Cologne have in common?AThey are both famous for unique perfumes.BThey both offer wonderful views from the tower top.CThey both serve traditional German sausage.DTh

18、ey both have many towers with a long history.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的We took a boat tour on the river and went up the Rhine tower，a really tall building which offers great views across the city.和The stairs seemed endless，but it was worthwhile for the impressive sights from the top.可知，共同之处是从塔顶能看到美丽的风景。7Accor

19、ding to the writer，which country has the worst weather in Europe?ABritain.BItaly.CFrance. DGermany.D解析：推理判断题。从最后一段的最后一句The only disappointment was the grey and rainy weather，which proves that Britain does not have the worst weather in Europe！可知，德国的天气在欧洲是最糟糕的。8What can be the best title of the passag

20、e?AAn Unforgettable TripBA Guide to GermanyCMy First Visit to GermanyDA Brief Introduction to GermanyC解析：标题归纳题。作者在文章开头点出主题：I recently went to stay with her it was my first visit to Germany！下文具体介绍了旅行的见闻。故选C项。CLooking back on my childhood，I get to believe that naturalists are born and not made.Althoug

21、h we were all brought up in the same way，my brothers and sisters soon threw away their pressed flowers and insects.Unlike them，I had no ear for music and languages.I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic(算术)Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary.I have only

22、 the unclear memory of the house we lived in，of my room and my toys.Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents，aunts，uncles and cousins who gathered next door.But I do have a clear memory of the dogs，the farm animals，the local birds and，above all，the insects.I am a naturalist，not a sci

23、entist.I have a strong love of the natural world，and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations(调查)I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other peoples observations and discoveries.Then something happens that brings these observations tog

24、ether in my conscious mind.Suddenly you wonder you see the answer to the riddle(迷)，because it all seems to fit together.This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books，which some might honor with the title of scientific research.But curiosity，a keen eye，a good memory and enjoyment of the ani

25、mal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding qualities required is selfdiscipline，a quality I lack.A scientist requires not only selfdiscipline but hard training，determination and a goal.A scientist，up to a point，can be made.A naturalist is born.If you can combine the two，you

26、get the best of both worlds.【解题导语】作者从小就对花和昆虫感兴趣。花很多时间来观察大自然。作者是一位科学家，因为作者认为自己是天生的自然学家，因为缺乏科学家需要的自律的品质。9The first paragraph tells us that the author _Awas born to a naturalists familyBlost his hearing when he was a childCdidnt like his brothers and sistersDwas interested in flowers and insectsD解析：推理判

27、断题。根据第一段的Although we were all brought up in the same way，my brothers and sisters soon threw away their pressed flowers and insects.Unlike them，I had no ear for music and languages.可知，虽然作者和兄弟姐妹以同样的方式养大，兄弟姐妹不喜欢花和昆虫，而作者喜欢。10The author cant remember his relatives clearly because _Ahe didnt live long wit

28、h them Bhe was fully busy observing nature Cthe family was too large to remember Dhe was too young when he lived with themB解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段的Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents，aunts，uncles and cousins who gathered next door.But I do have a clear memory of the dogs，the farm animal

29、s，the local birds and，above all，the insects.可知，作者对家庭的亲戚印象不深，但是清晰地记得那些动物和昆虫。故选B项。11It can be inferred from the passage that the author was actually _Aa naturalist but not a scientist Bmore a good observer than a listenerCno more than a born naturalistDa scientist as well as a naturalistD解析：推理判断题。根据第三

30、段的I am a naturalist，not a scientist.和This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books，which some might honor with the title of scientific research.可知，实际上，作者是自然学家，也出版了很多科学研究的书籍，所以既是科学家也是自然学家。DFarmer John and Farmer Bob were neighbors. For more than 30 years, they had been getting along very we

31、ll.Then their good relationship broke.It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. One morning, Farmer John woke up to find a stream between the two farms.“It must be Bob，” John thought.Then one day there was a knock on Johns door. He opened it to find a carpenter(木匠) s

32、tanding at the doorway.“Im looking for a few days work，”the carpenter said.“I do have a job for you，” John said.“Look across the stream at that farm. Thats my neighbor Bobs. He dug a stream between the two farms. I want you to build a fencean 8foot fence. I dont want to see his place or his face any

33、 more. I dont have such a neighbor！”The carpenter said，“I think I know what to do, sir, and Ill be able to do a job that pleases you.”Farmer John helped the carpenter get the materials ready and then he was off for the day.About sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his jo

34、b.The farmers eyes opened wide. There was no fence there at all!It was a bridge! And the neighbor, Bob, was coming across, with his hand outstretched(伸开的)“Hi, John！Youre_quite_a_fellow_to_build_this_bridge！”Then they met in the middle, taking each others hands.“Im terribly sorry for what I have said

35、 and done. We should be good to each other，” said Farmer Bob.Then they turned to see the carpenter, who was ready to go.“No, wait! Stay a few days. I have a lot of other jobs for you，” said Farmer John.“Id love to stay，” the carpenter said，“but I have more bridges to build.”【解题导语】三十年来一直相处得很好的两个农夫突然关

36、系破裂，一个聪明的木匠通过造桥而不是设围墙的方式使他们俩达成和解。12Farmer John asked the carpenter to build a fence because _Ahe wanted to protect his farmBhe didnt want to do it himselfChe wouldnt like to see BobDhe wanted to find him something to doC解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“I dont want to see his place or his face any more.”可以得出答案。13W

37、hat does the sentence “Youre quite a fellow to build this bridge！” mean?AJohn was great to build this bridge.BJohn was good at building bridges.CJohn was foolish to build such a bridge.DJohn should build the bridge earlier.A解析：句意理解题。根据语境可知，Bob 从桥上走过来并伸出手示好，所以这里他应该是称赞John 在造桥这件事上做得很好。14What do you th

38、ink of the carpenter?AShy.BWise.CProud. DCareless.B解析：推理判断题。根据文章第六段中木匠所说的话可知，他表示可以做一项让John满意的工作，而且下文说到木匠成功地化解了两个农夫的矛盾，所以他应该是聪明的。15What is the best title for the passage?AWhat a Big Fence!BFarmer and BridgeCThree Kind MenDA Fence or a Bridge?D解析：标题归纳题。根据文章的结构和内容可知，全文主要讲述了两个多年相处得很好的农夫关系破裂后，一个木匠通过搭桥而不是

39、设围墙的方法，使他们和好的故事。所以选项D符合题意。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to Brighten a Cloudy DayWhen I was a small child，Id curl(蜷缩) up on my parents bed after the sunshine had warmed it.It was a pleasant place of peace and safety that I struggled to find in later years.16._ As

40、I learned to enjoyed those memories of a regular life，I found more smiles and sunshine than Id ever thought possible.Try one of the followings for the best result!Get outside，move and breathe.Fresh air and sunshine can have a magical effect on your feelings.Sometimes when you are feeling down，all th

41、at you need to do is simply to go outside and breathe.17._ So if you start to feel down，go outside，let the sun hit your face，go for a hike or whatever.Do something nice for a complete stranger.Buy a coffee，pay a bill，give a smile and a “thank you”when none is required.You may even reach out and help

42、 strangers who live far away from you.18._ It also feels very，very good.Laugh from your stomach.19_ And the good feeling that you get when you laugh remains with you even after the laughter disappears.A moment spent in full enjoyment of laughing is a great way to release stress and refuel your smile

43、.Try something not included in your normal life.Most of us eat from a very short list of food.Eating something entirely different will do more than expand(增强) your sense of taste.20._We need to live each moment wholeheartedly，with all our senses.Only in this way will we find what a wonderful world i

44、t actually is!AIt will help keep your sense of adventure alive!BGiving will open you up to a world of kindness.CMovement and exercise is also a great way to feel better.DYou know the kind of laugh that shakes your whole body?EBeing happy is about taking the time to work towards your goal.FChoose sea

45、sonal，healthy foods like fresh fruit instead of highfat ones.GEach day includes moments that can be deeply enjoyed or carelessly ignored.【解题导语】本文介绍了如何使有阴霾的日子变得晴朗的方法。16G解析：根据下文的As I learned to enjoyed those memories of a regular life，I found more smiles and sunshine than Id ever thought possible.可知，当

46、我学会享受美好的记忆，生活会快乐阳光很多。说明此空意为：生活中有好的记忆，也有可以忽略的时候。与G项吻合。17C解析：根据下文的So if you start to feel down，go outside，let the sun hit your face，go for a hike or whatever.可知，此处是指运动能让你变得心情大好。与C项吻合。18B解析：根据小标题和句子You may even reach out and help strangers who live far away from you.可知，帮助别人会让你心情变得更好些。与B项吻合。19D解析：根据小标题L

47、augh from your stomach.可知，此空是与大笑有关的，与D项吻合。20A解析：根据上句Eating something entirely different will do more than expand(增强) your sense of taste.可知，打破常规，尝试一些不同的东西对你有好处。与A项吻合。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Garbage trucks pick up rubbish and take it to

48、 dumps (垃圾场)Over time, the piles of rubbish at the dumps get bigger.The dumps are getting _21_Now, we know that some things people throw away can be _22_. Recycling (回收) trucks come to many homes to _23_ these recyclables.Some people sort their _24_ into two separate boxes.This is called twostream r

49、ecycling.One box _25_ paper products, and one box holds plastic，glass, and metal materials.Other people _26_ singlestream recycling. They do not sort their recyclables into _27_boxes.The recycling trucks collect the recyclables that people throw away and _28_ the materials to recycling centers.In so

50、me places, workers _29_ the materials by hand, _30_ many places use workers as well as machines to sort the recyclables.New technology has made recycling centers more _31_Large machines with magnets(磁铁) sort metal materials.The magnets separate steel cans from aluminum cans.The cans are crushed(压碎)

51、and _32_ to companies that reuse the metal.Other _33_ crush paper and tie it together.Paper companies buy these things to _34_ fresh paper.Recycling is _35_ for many reasons._36_ we recycle everything we can, garbage dumps will not fill up so _37_Also, by recycling old materials, we will use _38_ ne

52、w materials.Recycling uses less energy than making _39_ products.Recycling saves fossil fuels(矿物燃料) and _40_ pollution.This is good for our planets health.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垃圾回收利用的方法及优点。21A.smallBcleanCfull DoldC解析：根据上文中的Over time，the piles of rubbish at the dumps get bigger.可知，越来越多的垃圾使得垃圾场快“满(ful

53、l)”了。22A.returned BboughtCreused DfoundC解析：根据下文中的Recycling(回收) trucks come to many homes及The recycling trucks collect the recyclables可知，人们扔掉的垃圾中有些是可以“再使用的(reused)”。23A.break up Bpick upCthrow away Dsearch forB解析：根据下文中的The recycling trucks collect the recyclables可知，垃圾回收车去家里“捡(pick up)”垃圾。24A.products

54、 BclothesCrecyclables DbooksC解析：根据下文中的This is called twostream recycling.可知，有些人把“可回收的垃圾(recyclables)”放进两个不同的箱子里。25A.contains BprotectsClacks DdestroysA解析：根据下文中的one box holds plastic，glass，and metal materials可知，一个箱子“装(contains)”纸。26A.dislike Blearn Cshare DuseD27A.big BpublicCcommon DseparateD解析：根据文中

55、的Some people sort their.into two separate boxes.及They do not sort their recyclables into.boxes.可知，有些人没有把可回收的垃圾放入“不同的(separate)”箱子里，他们“采用(use)”的是单流程的回收方式。28A.bring Bsell Cpass DturnA解析：垃圾回收车把人们扔掉的垃圾回收起来“送到(bring)”回收中心。29A.produce BsortCrepair DcheckB解析：根据下文中的many places use workers as well as machine

56、s to sort the recyclables可知，有些地方的工人是手工将垃圾“分类(sort)”。30A.and BbecauseCso DbutD解析：根据文中的In some places，workers.the materials by hand与many places use workers as well as machines to sort the recyclables可知，两种工作方式形成对比，故用“但是(but)”。31A.usual BspecialCcomfortable DefficientD解析：根据下文中的Large machines with magnet

57、s(磁铁) sort metal materials.The magnets separate steel cans from aluminum cans.可知，科技让垃圾回收站更有“效率(efficient)”。32A.introduced BlentCsent DshownC解析：根据下文中的companies that reuse the metal可知，罐子压扁后被“送到(sent)”回收金属制品的公司。33A.families BcompaniesCmachines DworkersC解析：根据上文中的Large machines with magnets(磁铁) sort meta

58、l materials.可知，有的“机器(machines)”将纸粉碎后打成捆。34A.save Bmake Cchange DstoreB解析：根据文中的Paper companies buy these things to.fresh paper.可知，造纸厂买这些碎纸用来“制造(make)”新纸。35A.good BcheapCexpensive DdifficultA解析：根据下文中的Recycling uses less energy及Recycling saves fossil fuels(矿物燃料)可知，垃圾回收利用是“有益的(good)”。36A.As BIf CUnless

59、DThoughB37A.suddenly BcarefullyCquietly DquicklyD解析：根据文中的we recycle everything we can，garbage dumps will not fill up可知，“如果(If)”我们能回收利用一切事物，那么我们的垃圾场就不会“很快(quickly)”被填满。38A.fewer Bmore Cenough DsomeA解析：根据上文中的by recycling old materials可知，通过回收旧材料，我们就会使用“更少的(fewer)”新材料。39A.strange BdifferentCnew DgreatC解

60、析：根据上文中的Recycling uses less energy可知，垃圾回收再利用会比制造“新的(new)”产品消耗更少的能量。40A.increases BallowsCstops DreducesD解析：根据上文中的Recycling saves fossil fuels(矿物燃料)可知，垃圾回收再利用会“减少(reduces)”污染。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。No one was left in the museum now，and John was walking round to see if

61、 everything was all right.Suddenly he saw a beautiful painting 41._ (lie) on the floor.John picked it up and gave it to the director of the museum.The director called several museums to check and see whether it was a 42._(steal) painting，but no one claimed(认领) it.So the director decided to hang it i

62、n the museum.All the experts came to look at the painting and they all spoke 43._(high)of it.Everyone said it was beautiful and had very deep meaning.The director was proud 44._(have) such an extraordinary painting in his museum and 45._(congratulate) John on his discovery.Some weeks 46._(late) a wo

63、man and her little son came to the museum.While they 47._(look) at the new painting，the little boy began to cry.The director went over and asked him.“Why are you crying？”The child pointed to the painting and said，“Thats my painting on the wall 48._ I want it back.”“Yes，”said his mother，“he left 49._

64、 on the floor a few weeks ago.If you look carefully，you can see his name 50._ the painting.”41lying解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词作宾补，表示主动。42stolen解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作前置定语，意为：被偷的画。43highly解析：考查词性转换。此处意为：他们都高度评价它。用speak highly of。44to have解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作原因状语。45congratulated解析：考查动词的时态。根据前文的was proud可知，此处用一般过去时。4

65、6later解析：考查词性转换。句意：几周之后，用some weeks later与一般过去时连用。47were looking解析：考查动词的时态。句意：当他们在看这幅新画时，用过去进行时。48and/so解析：考查连词的用法。句意：墙上的画是我的，所以我想要回。49it解析：考查代词的用法。此处代指上文的painting, 用代词it。50on解析：考查介词的用法。句意：你在画上能看到他的名字。第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

66、每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。During the summer holidays this year，I thought I should do something meaningful instead staying at home，because I got a job at a KFC fast food restaurant and worked

67、 there as a cleaner.I worked seven hours a day for three weeks.A job was hard and bored and it seemed endless，which made me so tired that I nearly gave it up halfway.In all，I stuck to it with determination.Every one day I started off for work early in the morning and get home late in the evening.Fin

68、ally I finish the job before the new term began.Now，I understand that labor means.I think it is really a successfully experience.答案：During the summer holidays this year，I thought I should do something meaningful instead staying at home， I got a job at a KFC fast food restaurant and worked there as a

69、 cleaner.I worked seven hours a day for three weeks. job was hard and and it seemed endless，which made me so tired that I nearly gave it up halfway. all，I stuck to it with determination.Every day I started off for work early in the morning and home late in the evening.Finally I the job before the ne

70、w term began.Now，I understand labor means.I think it is really a experience.第二节书面表达(满分25分)有的学者认为当前国内的“英语热”影响了母语学习。请就这一认识给某中学生英文报社投稿，阐明自己的观点。要点如下：1学英语的重要性(与人交往、获取信息、了解世界)；2学汉语的重要性(母语的用途、意义)；3自己的建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear editor，_Yours sincerely，Li HuaOne possible version：Dear_editor，Rece

71、ntly some scholars think that “the rush of English learning” has influenced the learning of Chinese.As far as this topic is concerned，different people have different opinions.Id like to share mine with you.Its known to all that English is the most widely used language in the world.Learning English c

72、an help us to communicate with people from foreign countries.We can also get a lot of information through English，helping us to know more about the outside world.But Chinese is our mother tongue .In China，we cant go without it.We need to use it to communicate and do a lot of things.So we must，first of all，learn Chinese well.Yours_sincerely，Li_Hua