仁爱版初三英语下册Unit 6 Entertainment and Friendship词汇精讲精练.doc

1、Unit 6 Entertainment and Friendship词汇精讲精练【词汇精讲】1. rather（1）rather作副词，意为“相当，有点，宁愿”，与would连用，即would rather意为“宁愿”，表示句子主语的愿望、选择，后接省去to的不定式。例如：Hed rather join the English group. 他宁愿加入到英语小组中来。Which would you rather have, bread or rice? 面包和米饭，你更喜欢哪一个？（2）如果表示“宁愿（可）也不愿”，则用句型would rather.than.。在would rather和t

2、han后面所连接的两个对比部分一般要保持一致，常用动词原形。例如：The brave soldier would rather die than give in.那个勇敢的士兵宁死不屈。Hed rather work than play. 他宁愿工作也不愿玩。2. prefer（1）prefer是及物动词，意为“更喜欢、比较喜欢”，相当于like better。例如：Which color do you prefer(=like better), blue or green? 你比较喜欢哪一种颜色，蓝色还是绿色？（2）由prefer构成的短语：1）prefer A to B意为“喜欢A胜过B、

3、比起B来更喜欢A”，此短语中A和B的形式一样，可以是名词、代词或者动名词，但必须两个词形式统一。例如：We prefer apples to oranges. 比起桔子来我们更喜欢苹果。My grandma prefers taking a walk to sitting in front of the TV.我奶奶宁愿去散步而不愿看电视。2）prefer to do something rather than do something意为“宁愿做某事，而不愿意做某事”。此短语中prefer的后面用动词不定式，than的后面用省略to的动词不定式。例如：They prefer to stay

4、at home and watch TV rather than go out for a walk. 他们宁愿呆在家里看电视，也不愿意出去散步。3. maybe/may be（1）maybe是副词，主要用于非正式场合，口语中常用，意为“也许，大概”。它通常放在句子的开头，在句子中作状语。例如：Maybe they wont come here tonight. 他们大概今晚不会来这儿。Maybe she is happy. 也许她是幸福的。（2）may be是“情态动词may+动词原形be”构成的，在句中做谓语，意为“可能是、大概是”。例如：She may be at home. 她可能在家

5、。（也可以说：Maybe she is at home.）You may be right. 你可能是对的。（也可以说：Maybe you are right.）4.interest（1）interest可以作名词，意为“兴趣，爱好”。常有如下表达： take/show an interest in对感兴趣 have an interest in 对有兴趣 lose an interest in 对失去兴趣 find (no) interest in 发觉对（没）有兴趣例如： The boy takes an interest in singing. 那个男孩对唱歌感兴趣。 My sister

6、 had no interest in studying. 我妹妹对学习没有兴趣。（2）interest还可以做动词，意为“使感兴趣”。例如： He interested me in outdoor sports. 他使我对户外运动产生了兴趣。【拓展】 interest; interesting与interested的辨析：interest名词/动词兴趣；爱好；/ 使感兴趣interesting形容词有趣的；令人感兴趣的，多用来修饰物interested形容词多用来修饰人，常用于be interested in“对感兴趣”例如： The film is interesting. 那部电影引人入

7、胜。 The little girl is interested in books. 那个小女孩对书感兴趣。5. decidedecide是动词，意为“决定，选定”。其名词形式为decision，意为“决定，决议”。（1）decide sth.意为“决定某事”。例如： I cant decide anything at the moment. 现在我不能做出任何决定。（2）decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。例如： We decide to go to Paris next month. 我们决定下个月去巴黎。（3）decide on意为“由决定；决定于”。后面接名词、代词或

8、动名词作宾语。例如：I decided on going to Beijing at last. 最后我决定去北京了。My mother decided on the red dress.我妈妈决定买下那件红色的裙子。6. findfind是动词，意为“找到，发现”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，强调的是找的结果。例如： He didnt find his book. 他没有找到他的书。【拓展】（1）find out意为“找到，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如： Please find out when the

9、train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。（2）look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调找的动作。例如： Jim is looking for his little dog. 吉姆正在找他的狗。7.winwin是动词，意为“赢得；打败；战胜”，其现在分词要双写“n”，过去式和过去分词均为won。例如： He won a prize last week. 他上周得奖了。 They won the basketball match yesterday. 他们昨天赢得了那场篮球比赛。【拓展】 win和beat的辨析：（1）win强调赢得“比赛、游戏、战争”，获得“名次、奖品”。例

10、如： a prize得奖 a game赢得比赛win a honor赢得荣誉 a battle 赢得战斗 a match赢得比赛 a scholarship获得奖学金（2）beat强调“打败，战胜”，其后只能接比赛、竞争的对手作宾语。例如： a team 战胜/打败一队（组）beat a nation战胜/打败一个国家 an opponent战胜/打败一个对手8.show（1）show作动词，意为“引，带，展示，出示”等。例如：You must show your ticket at the barrier. 你必须在检票处出示门票。（2）show sb. sth. = show sth.to

11、 sb.意为“把某物给某人看”。例如：Could you show me your photos? = Could you show your photos to me? 你能把你的照片给我看看吗？【拓展】show的常用短语：（1）show sb. around意为“带某人参观”。例如：Ill show you around so that you can meet everyone. 我会带你到各处看看，好让你和大家见见面。（2）show off意为“炫耀”。例如：Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girls. 那些男

12、孩们总是向女孩们炫耀他们的运动技巧。9.provideprovide作动词，意为“提供，供给”，常与介词with连用，provide sb.with sth.表示“供应给某人某物”；也可以用于provide sth.for sb.，表示“为某人提供某物”。例如： The Sun provides us with light and heat.The sun provides light and heat for us.太阳给我们提供光和热。【拓展】辨析：offer，provide与supplyoffer （1）意为“给予，提供（有主观上愿意供给的意思）”。例如：He offered me a

13、glass of wine. 他给我一杯酒。（2）意为“愿意，试图（做某事）；提议”。其后通常接不定式。例如：They offered to help me. 他们表示愿意帮助我。（3）offer还有“出价，给工资”的意思。例如：We offered him the calculator for $50. 这计算器我们向他开价五十美元。provide（1）作及物动词，意为“提供装备，供给”。常用于语词组“provide sb.with sth.= provide sth.for sb.为某人提供某物”中。例如：She managed to provide her children with f

14、ood and clothing.她设法使她的孩子有饭吃，有衣穿。（2）作不及物动词，意为“抚养，赡养”，其后常用介词for。例如：He tried to earn more money to provide for a large family.他设法多挣钱以供养一个大家庭。supply作及物动词，意为“供给，供应；补充，满足”，其后常用介词to，for和with。例如：We supply power to the three nearby towns.我们给附近的三个城镇提供电力。Our farm supplies the market with fruits. 我们的农场为这家市场提供水

15、果。10.agreeagree是不及物动词，意为“同意”，I agree意为“同意，赞成”，I dont agree表示“不赞成某人或某人的观点”，常用于交际用语中。另外，agree后接不定式，但不能接动名词。例如：She agreed to lend me the book. 她同意把那本书借给我。I agree to meet him tomorrow. 我同意明天见他。【拓展】agree with和agree to（to为介词）都表示“同意，赞同”，但后面所接的宾语不同。agree with后接指人或表示意见、看法的词；agree to后接表示建议、计划、安排之类的词。例如：I quit

16、e agree with you. 我很同意你（的意见）。Do you agree with what I have said? 你同意我所说的话吗？He has agreed to our suggestion about the holiday. 他已经同意我们度假的建议了。11. pass（1）pass作及物动词，意为“通过（考试），及格”。例如：He passed the exam. 他考试及格了。（2）pass作及物动词，意为“传递”。常构成词组pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.意为“将某物传递给某人”。例如：He passed me a pen. =

17、He passed a pen to me. 他递给我一支笔。（3）pass on是动副结构，意为“继续传递”，pass on sth. to sb. = pass sth. on to sb.，但当sth.是代词时，只能放在pass on之间。例如：When he got the message, he passed it on to others. 当他获得这个消息时，他继续传递给别人。（4）pass作不及物动词，意为“经过，穿过”，常与by; through等连用。例如： They passed through the forest. 他们穿过了森林。12. forgetforget意为

18、“忘记，遗忘”，其后可以接动词不定式和动名词，但表示的含义不同。forget to do sth.意为“忘记尚未进行的事”；而forget doing sth.意为“忘记已经做过的事”。例如： I forgot locking the door. 我忘了已把门锁上了。（门已经锁了，却忘记了） Dont forget to call me. 不要忘了给我打电话。（强调电话还没有打）【拓展】forget; leave与lose的辨析：（1）forget sth.表示“遗留某物”，后只接事物，不跟地点或场所。例如： Once when we were going to Paris, I forgot

19、 my passport. 有一次我们准备去巴黎时，我忘了带护照。（2）leave表示“遗留”，leave后必须接地点，即leave sth. + 地点。例如： I left my book at home. 我把书丢在家里了。（3）lost表示“失去不再拥有”。例如： She lost her bike. 她丢了她的自行车。【词汇精练】I.英汉互译。1. would rather than_ 2.目前_3. all of a sudden_ 4.科幻小说_5. long for_ 6.及时，来得及_7. take up_ 8.首先_9. in ones view_ 10.匆忙地_II. 根据

20、句意及首字母提示补全单词。1. She wants to go into the theatre and become ana_. 2. Tell me something about youre_ background. 3. In general, I prefer ac_to a tragedy.4. This new invention wins the highest a_. 5. Her hair is g_. It makes her look very beautiful. 6. Thec_gave the team a talk before the big game.7.

21、May I write with colored c_?8.He has great power and w_, but he is still unhappy for all that.9. Once you make ap_, you should keep it.10. A lot of fish is swimming at the b_ of the pond. III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。1. The audience was moved to tears by the tragic_(end). 2. The_ (direct)is looking for a sui

22、table actor for his new film.3._ (general) speaking, boys are behind girls in spelling.4. She is so_ (talent)that her success can only be a question of time.5. It is very_ (move)to see how much strangers can care for each other.6._ (sudden), I noted that the rain had stopped.7. The most(value)item o

23、n show will be a Picasso drawing.8. He said there were_ (dozen)ofeconomic plans in the works.9. A visit to the Museum is an_ (forget)experience. 10. We have received many letters of_ (congratulate).IV. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。Leonardo da Vinci lived in Italy in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. He was a

24、 student in Florence, where he studied painting and design. He began a lot of paintings, but he 1 (not finish) many of them. His picture of Mona Lisais 2 (famous) one in the world.Leonardo was interested in many things. He wanted 3 (know) about everything he saw. He thought the sun doesnt go round t

25、he earth. He wrote music. He designed a 4 (fly) machine 400 years before the first one flew. Many people didnt understand his ideas. It is difficult 5 (imagine) that one man can do so much in his lifetime. 1. _2. _ 3. _4. _5. _【参考答案】I.英汉互译。1.宁愿，更喜欢2.at present3.突然，猛地4.science fiction5.渴望6. in time 7

26、.继续，占据8.first of all / at first9.在某人看来10.in a hurry II.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1. actress2. educational/ education3. comedy4. award5. golden6. coach7. chalks / chalk8. wealth9. promise10. bottomIII. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。1.ending 2.director3.Generally4.talented5.moving6. Suddenly 7.valuable 8. dozens9. unforgettable10.congratulationIV.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1. didnt finish 2. the most famous 3. to know 4. flying 5. toimagine